Northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rural landscape planning, and provides a northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system which comprises a northern village and town landscape feature classification standard and system construction module, a village and town landscape investigation and landscape feature evaluation module and a northern region village and town landscape feature evaluation analysis and research module. A network model system of a rural cultural landscape assessment GIS and a Node.js platform is established, MySQL is applied, survey conditions and basic data of an investigation area are integrated, data are summarized and integrated, a landscape assessment system database is constructed, different types of village domain spaces are divided according to different rural regions and environment characteristics, and through collection and integration of attribute data of northern rural landscapes, the northern rural landscapes can be evaluated. Constructing a landscape evaluation system by combining a GIS (Geographic Information System), a Node.js platform and a MySQL database software technology; according to the rural landscape information platform constructed by the invention, the value, the current situation and the development trend of the landscape are described, and the landscape comprehensive attribute information base stored by the GIS is constructed, so that a rural landscape evaluation decision support system capable of being inquired, analyzed and applied is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rural landscape planning, in particular to an intelligent decision-making system for northern rural landscape. Background Art

[0002] Rural landscape is a comprehensive landscape environment composed of rural settlement landscape, economic landscape, cultural landscape and natural environment. It has important production, ecological and aesthetic functions and is an important part of national space. Its development and change are related to sustainable development from small rural scale to regional and even larger scale. As a major agricultural country for thousands of years, my country's agricultural area occupies most of its land area. At present, the built-up area of ​​cities accounts for less than 1% of the land area, and the rest is rural land dominated by agricultural landscape. At the same time, rural landscape is a concrete manifestation of my country's "agricultural culture" for thousands of years, representing my country's rural production methods, lifestyles and humanistic culture.

[0003] There is a lack of decision support systems for rural landscape suitability assessment in China that involve multiple research perspectives such as ecological service functions, natural resources, and cultural landscape value assessment. It is impossible to demonstrate the value, status, and development trend of the landscape, and provide basic materials for the early identification of specific landscapes, early planning preparations, development control plans, land management plans, rural policies, local biodiversity conservation plans, and historical landscape management. To this end, technicians in this field have proposed an intelligent decision-making system for northern rural landscapes. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] A northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system includes a northern village and town landscape feature classification standard and system construction module, a township landscape survey and landscape feature assessment module, and a northern village and town landscape feature assessment analysis and research module.

[0006] The northern villages and towns landscape characteristics classification standard and system construction module is used to build a landscape characteristics standard database through preliminary research on landscape characteristics assessment, research on assessment content and standards, and research on landscape survey plans;

[0007] The township landscape survey and landscape feature assessment module is used to determine the rural landscape boundary, assess and count the landscape features, and count the landscape feature image information to build a landscape basic database;

[0008] The northern region village and town landscape characteristics assessment analysis and research module is used to perform data statistics on the landscape characteristics basis, identify and analyze the landscape characteristics, obtain the northern village and town landscape assessment results, and thus conduct quantitative analysis of the landscape characteristics and construct a village and town landscape development model;

[0009] The content of the northern village and town landscape characteristics assessment includes assessment content, assessment criteria, and record results. Specifically, the rural landscape characteristics are assessed through integrity characteristics, spatial characteristics, morphological characteristics, color characteristics, diversity characteristics, natural characteristics, accessibility characteristics, psychological perception characteristics, and time-varying characteristics;

[0010] Among them, the integrity characteristics, that is, the degree of disturbance of the landscape characteristic area and the difficulty of continuing the landscape style, will cause the degree of change in the integrity of the landscape characteristic area, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0011] Spatial characteristics, i.e. the spatial perception of the landscape characteristic area from closed to open, evaluate the spatial characteristics of the rural settlement landscape at the block scale, from closed to open, with an evaluation interval of 1 to 5;

[0012] Morphological characteristics, i.e., the spatial morphological characteristics of landscape elements, describe the morphology of landscape elements from neat to free, with an evaluation interval of 1 to 5;

[0013] Color characteristics, that is, the color characteristics of each landscape element in the landscape characteristic area, the color characteristics of the landscape are divided into intervals from single to colorful, that is, single to rich, and the evaluation interval is 1 to 5;

[0014] Diversity characteristics, that is, the diversity characteristics of landscape elements in the landscape characteristic area, ranging from simple to complex, with an evaluation interval of 1 to 5;

[0015] Natural characteristics, namely the degree of natural originality of natural landscape characteristic areas, the environmental ecological conditions of agricultural and settlement landscape characteristic areas, and the degree of ecology and coordination with the natural environment, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0016] Accessibility characteristics, that is, the degree of accessibility of the landscape feature area, is comprehensively measured and evaluated by the time it takes to reach the landscape feature area by the best transportation method within the township, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0017] Psychological perception characteristics, that is, whether the memories and associations caused by the landscape feature areas can produce positive psychological perceptions, including the green and ecological experience of natural landscape feature areas and the perception of northern regional characteristics of rural settlements. The evaluation range is from negative to positive, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0018] Time-varying characteristics refer to the degree to which the landscape characteristic areas are affected by time and seasonal changes, resulting in changes in visual landscape characteristics, ranging from subtle to significant, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5.

[0019] Preferably, the evaluation results are recorded in the form of survey forms. Each form corresponds to the number of a single landscape feature area in a township, reflects different degrees of landscape features through an integer range of 1 to 5, and records the 9 feature evaluation values ​​of the area. All recorded results are finally summarized, proofread and entered into the landscape feature database.

[0020] The preliminary research stage of landscape characteristic assessment is to formulate landscape characteristic zone division standards based on the rural regional and environmental characteristics in the northern region, determine the core content of landscape characteristic assessment through expert evaluation method, and select multiple towns as research objects and formulate research plans based on the regional representativeness of town landscapes;

[0021] The rural landscape survey is to use the township land use planning and topographic map data to preliminarily study and determine the types of landscape characteristic areas and boundary division overviews of the surveyed townships, combine the township roads, farmlands, rivers, and forest landscape elements to determine the boundaries of each landscape characteristic area, and perform characteristic area numbering and storage operations. According to the area scale and geomorphological characteristics of each township, a survey plan is formulated, and each survey group is assigned a corresponding landscape characteristic evaluation record form, survey drawings, and basic data. Secondly, according to the field survey plan, the survey work is carried out in groups. The surveyors survey the areas in charge according to the preliminary landscape characteristic zoning drawings and the established survey routes, record important information of the landscape characteristic areas, and take photos from multiple angles at important nodes. The evaluation form of the landscape characteristic area is completed based on the survey situation and the basic data of the survey area. After the survey, the characteristic data and photo information are uniformly entered into the green rural system database. Finally, all record description information and evaluation results are checked to complete the landscape basic database of the township.

[0022] The landscape feature identification is the result of database analysis of landscape feature assessment. Through statistical analysis of the overall area, scale and various integrity, space, color and other attribute characteristics of township landscape feature areas, the core elements of northern rural landscape characteristics are identified, and the internal driving and influencing factors of different landscape features are explored.

[0023] Preferably, the evaluation results reflect the spatial, morphological, and diverse characteristics of the northern rural landscape. The evaluation interval is 1 to 5. According to the different representation levels of various landscape characteristics such as integrity, color, and morphology, it can be divided into low-value areas (1 to 2), lower-median areas (2 to 3), upper-median areas (3 to 4), and high-value areas (4 to 5).

[0024] If the assessment value of the landscape characteristic area is in the low or high value area (extreme value area), it means that the landscape characteristics are highly significant. For example, the assessment value of the natural characteristics of natural low mountains and hilly woodlands reaches 4.8 (high value area), indicating that the ecological environment of this characteristic area in the northern rural area is subject to very little human interference;

[0025] Preferably, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Build a network model system for rural cultural landscape assessment GIS and Node.js platform, using MySQL, i.e. database software;

[0027] Step 2: Comprehensively survey the situation and basic data of the survey area, input the quantitative analysis data, description and statistical information, GIS landscape feature classification map and photos of various rural material and intangible cultural landscapes in the study area after the survey into the database, summarize and integrate the data, and build a landscape assessment system database;

[0028] Step 3: Different types of village spaces are divided according to different rural regions and environmental characteristics. The core content of the assessment of rural material and intangible cultural landscape characteristics is determined through expert evaluation methods, and specific evaluation criteria are defined. At the same time, with extensive public participation, different levels of landscape characteristics are reflected through integer intervals of 1-5. The quantitative results of various landscape assessments are finally summarized, proofread and entered into the landscape assessment system database;

[0029] Step 4: Through the collection and integration of various attribute data of northern rural landscapes, including existing forms, nature, agricultural production, and humanities, a landscape evaluation system is constructed by combining GIS with the Node.js platform and MySQL database software technology.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention constructs a rural landscape information platform involving multiple research perspectives such as ecological service functions, natural resources, and cultural landscape value assessment, describes the value, current status, and development trend of the landscape, and constructs a landscape comprehensive attribute information database stored in GIS to realize a rural landscape assessment decision support system that can be used for query, analysis, and application. It provides a scientific support platform for the quantitative analysis and planning management of northern rural landscape ecological resources, the formulation of sustainable development plans, and protection strategies, and provides basic materials for the early identification of specific landscapes, early planning preparations, development control plans, land management plans, rural policies, local biodiversity protection plans, and historical landscape management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is the technical route operation diagram of the northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the login interface of the intelligent decision-making system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is the main interface diagram of the intelligent decision-making system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a quantitative map of landscape characteristic evaluation indicators of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a quantitative map of agricultural landscape regional characteristics of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Planning content and criteria maps for the evaluation of the invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a quantitative map of the rural settlement landscape characteristics of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0040] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 7 As shown:

[0041] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system, including building a network application based on GIS and Node.js platform, using vuejs and echarts charts on the front end, using springboot combined with integrated environment MySQL and shior for development in the back end, and viewing and editing data through database management software; that is, by collecting and integrating various attribute data of northern rural landscapes, including existing morphology, nature, agricultural production, and humanities, combining GIS with Node.js platform and MySQL database software technology, a landscape information database stored in GIS is constructed; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0042] Step 1: Build a network model system for rural cultural landscape assessment GIS and Node.js platform, using MySQL, i.e. database software;

[0043] Step 2: Comprehensively survey the situation and basic data of the survey area, input the quantitative analysis data, description and statistical information, GIS landscape feature classification map and photos of various rural material and intangible cultural landscapes in the study area after the survey into the database, summarize and integrate the data, and build a landscape assessment system database;

[0044] Step 3: Different types of village spaces are divided according to different rural regions and environmental characteristics. The core content of the assessment of rural material and intangible cultural landscape characteristics is determined through expert evaluation methods, and specific evaluation criteria are defined. At the same time, with extensive public participation, different levels of landscape characteristics are reflected through integer intervals of 1-5. The quantitative results of various landscape assessments are finally summarized, proofread and entered into the landscape assessment system database;

[0045] Step 4: Through the collection and integration of various attribute data of northern rural landscapes, including existing forms, nature, agricultural production, and humanities, a landscape evaluation system is constructed by combining GIS with the Node.js platform and MySQL database software technology.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, firstly, the classification standard of landscape characteristics of northern villages and towns is determined, then the rural landscape is investigated, and finally the landscape of northern villages and towns is evaluated and analyzed.

[0047] The classification standard of landscape characteristics of villages and towns in the north was established through preliminary research on landscape characteristics assessment, research on assessment content and standards, and research on landscape survey plans, to build a landscape characteristics standard database;

[0048] Rural landscape surveys determine rural landscape boundaries, evaluate and count landscape features, and collect statistics on landscape feature images to build a landscape basic database;

[0049] The northern town and village landscape assessment and analysis is carried out by statistically analyzing the landscape characteristics, identifying and analyzing the landscape characteristics, and obtaining the northern town and village landscape assessment results, thereby conducting a quantitative analysis of the landscape characteristics and constructing a town and village landscape development model.

[0050] The content of the assessment of the landscape characteristics of northern villages and towns includes the assessment content, assessment criteria, and recording results. Specifically, the rural landscape characteristics are assessed through integrity characteristics, spatial characteristics, morphological characteristics, color characteristics, diversity characteristics, natural characteristics, accessibility characteristics, psychological perception characteristics, and time-varying characteristics;

[0051] Among them, the integrity feature, that is, the degree of disturbance of the landscape characteristic area and the difficulty of continuing the landscape style, will be the degree of change in the integrity of the landscape characteristic area caused by the abandonment of farmland and the renewal of settlements and farmhouses, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0052] Spatial characteristics, that is, the spatial perception of the landscape characteristic area from closed to open. The assessment area of ​​natural and agricultural landscape characteristic areas is mostly more than 50 hectares. The spatial characteristics of rural settlement landscapes are assessed at the block scale, from closed to open, with an assessment interval of 1 to 5;

[0053] Morphological characteristics, i.e., the spatial morphological characteristics of landscape elements, describe the morphology of landscape elements from neat to free, including open dryland mechanized farming areas, where grains are arranged in a uniform pattern, and river tidal flats in plain areas, where the morphology is free and unrestrained, from neat to free, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0054] Color characteristics, that is, the color characteristics of each landscape element in the landscape characteristic area, divide the color characteristics of the landscape into intervals from single to colorful, including the comprehensive color characteristics evaluation of rural settlements, farmhouses, walls, and green landscapes, from single to rich, with an evaluation interval of 1 to 5;

[0055] Diversity characteristics, that is, the diversity characteristics of landscape elements in the landscape characteristic area, including plant diversity in natural landscape areas, diversity of greening, small pieces, squares, etc. in rural settlements, ranging from simple to complex characteristics, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0056] Natural characteristics, namely the degree of natural originality of natural landscape characteristic areas, the environmental ecological conditions of agricultural and settlement landscape characteristic areas, and the degree of ecology and coordination with the natural environment, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0057] Accessibility characteristics, that is, the degree of accessibility of the landscape feature area, is comprehensively measured and evaluated by the time it takes to reach the landscape feature area by the best transportation method within the township, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0058] Psychological perception characteristics, that is, whether the memories and associations caused by the landscape feature areas can produce positive psychological perceptions, including the green and ecological experience of natural landscape feature areas and the perception of northern regional characteristics of rural settlements. The evaluation range is from negative to positive, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5;

[0059] Time-varying characteristics refer to the degree to which the visual landscape characteristics of characteristic landscape areas are affected by time and seasonal changes, including the significant impact of climate change in autumn and winter. The visual beauty of characteristic natural landscape areas in northern China ranges from subtle to significant, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5.

[0060] The above-mentioned general landscape feature assessment points, as well as psychological perception, time change, etc., can reflect the connotation of the regional characteristics of northern rural areas and the key points of landscape assessment under the influence of seasonal changes. The assessment results are recorded in the form of survey and investigation tables. Each table corresponds to the number of a single landscape feature area in a township, and reflects the different degrees of landscape features through an integer range of 1 to 5, and records the 9 feature assessment values ​​of the area. All recorded results are finally summarized, proofread and entered into the landscape feature database.

[0061] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, in order to grasp the landscape features of northern rural areas from a global perspective, the formulation of assessment content, standards and research plans in the early research stage is crucial. In the early research stage of landscape feature assessment, the landscape feature area division standards are formulated according to the rural regional and environmental characteristics of northern China, and the core content of landscape feature assessment is determined through expert evaluation method. Based on the regional representativeness of township landscapes, multiple townships are selected as research objects and research plans are formulated.

[0062] Rural landscape surveys use township land use planning and topographic map data to preliminarily determine the types of landscape characteristic areas and boundary demarcation of the surveyed townships. Combined with township roads, farmland, river channels, and forest landscape elements, the boundaries of each landscape characteristic area are determined, and the characteristic areas are numbered and stored. According to the area scale and geomorphic characteristics of each township, a survey plan is formulated, and each survey group is assigned a corresponding landscape characteristic evaluation record form, survey drawings, and basic data. Secondly, according to the field survey plan, the survey work is carried out in groups. Among them, the survey personnel are all uniformly trained landscape architecture and rural planning master's students. Choosing students with the same qualifications can ensure the consistency of the landscape object evaluation obtained by the survey. The surveyors survey the areas in charge according to the preliminary landscape characteristic zoning drawings and the established survey routes, record important information of the landscape characteristic areas, and take photos from multiple angles at important nodes. The evaluation form of the landscape characteristic area is completed based on the survey situation and the basic data of the survey area. After the survey, the characteristic data and photo information are uniformly entered into the green rural system database. Finally, all record description information and evaluation results are checked to complete the landscape basic database of the township.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, landscape feature identification is the result of database analysis of landscape feature assessment. Through statistical analysis of the overall area, scale and various attribute characteristics of township landscape feature areas, the core elements of northern rural landscape characteristics are identified, and the internal driving and influencing factors of different landscape features are explored. Through the horizontal summary of township landscape feature areas, the quantitative evaluation results of 9 characteristics of northern rural landscape are obtained, and the evaluation range is 1 to 5. According to the different representation degrees of various landscape characteristics, 1 to 2 are divided into low value areas, 2 to 3 are divided into lower middle value areas, 3 to 4 are divided into upper middle value areas and 4 to 5 are divided into high value areas.

[0064] If the assessment value of the landscape characteristic area is in the low or high value area (extreme value area), it means that the landscape characteristics are highly significant. For example, the assessment value of the natural characteristics of natural low mountains and hilly woodlands reaches 4.8 (high value area), indicating that the ecological environment of this characteristic area in the northern rural area is subject to extremely low artificial interference. From the statistical results of the three major characteristic areas of nature, agriculture, and settlement, the natural and agricultural characteristic areas have high landscape characteristic significance (the proportions of extreme value areas are 50% and 47.2%, respectively), while the settlement characteristic area has low significance (extreme value area 27.8%), which shows that the overall settlement landscape of the northern rural areas lacks comprehensive characteristics, while the natural and agricultural landscape characteristics are significant and highly recognizable.

[0065] The regional characteristics of northern rural agricultural landscapes include the psychological perception characteristics of large-scale rural openness and magnificence, as well as the diversified differentiation of landscape forms and agricultural production-oriented characteristics;

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, among the psychological perception characteristics of open scenes and spectacular grandeur of large-scale farmland, the agricultural landscape of rural areas in the northern region is typically represented by open large plain spaces with mechanized farming (accounting for about 50% of the area of ​​agricultural characteristic areas). Except for small and medium-scale farmland cultivation areas (mainly located in hilly forest areas), the characteristic evaluation values ​​of the other three agricultural landscape areas are close to 5 points (open); both dryland mechanized farming areas and large areas of natural pasture areas represent the open space scenes of large-scale agricultural land. The open rural farmland landscape forms a vibrant sowing scene and a golden and prosperous harvest scene during the transition from spring to autumn. The fresh and gorgeous color characteristics greatly enhance the sense of space and bring the viewer a spectacular and shocking psychological feeling; however, the overall color characteristics of the agricultural landscape area tend to be single, and the seasonal changes in spring and autumn do not enrich the open agricultural scene with a single crop. Compared with natural landscape areas with diverse vegetation such as hilly woodlands and river beaches, the color characteristics of the agricultural landscape area are not prominent, and the evaluation indicators are mainly in the lower median range (2-3). The long winter in the northern region brings a monotonous and desolate feeling to a certain extent, affecting the color, perception and other characteristics of the agricultural landscape.

[0067] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, the landscape morphology shows diversified differentiation characteristics in the diversified differentiation and agricultural production-oriented characteristics. The morphological characteristics of the four types of agricultural landscape areas are in different scoring ranges, which are specifically characterized by extremely regular dry field morphology, small-scale field morphology with undulating patches on hills, spliced ​​and varied paddy field morphology, and freely interlaced natural grassland morphology. The diversified agricultural landscape morphology is strongly correlated with the production characteristics of rural areas in the north. For example, the flat, regular and large-scale patch morphology is conducive to mechanized operation of dry fields, while the paddy field patches in the region conform to the river tidal flats, swamps and other forms, thus forming a plain agricultural scene with open space and free form. The good continuation of agricultural production behavior (the implementation of agricultural cooperatives, land transfer and other systems) ensures the integrity of most agricultural landscape characteristic areas. However, the expansion of agricultural production scale and diversified needs have gradually replaced and transformed landscape elements such as forests, water systems and grasslands, resulting in the destruction of the integrity of some small-scale farmland and natural grassland landscapes, affecting the evaluation values ​​of these two types of characteristic areas.

[0068] The identification of regional characteristics of rural settlement landscapes in the north includes the characteristics of moderately open and orderly rural settlements, single landscape elements, polarized landscape features, and fragmentation and diversification of regional landscape characteristics.

[0069] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, among the moderately open and orderly rural settlement characteristics, the overall spatial characteristics of the northern rural settlement landscape show a certain tendency to openness (spatial characteristic evaluation value 2.8-3.6), and the street scale of the township settlement area is larger than that of the village settlement area, and the spatial openness is stronger; while in the small and medium-sized village characteristic areas, which account for about 50% of the total number of rural settlement characteristic areas, except for the village settlement space on the edge of the low mountain forest area and the town area, the vast majority of village settlements are distributed in open plains and pasture areas, and the overall street and courtyard space is relatively open. The lack of management of village courtyard space is one of the important reasons affecting the overall low naturalness of the settlement characteristic area (natural characteristic value 1.1-2.5). The expansion of village courtyard space and the construction of new houses gradually encroach on the original pond wetlands, natural reserves and other ecological spaces in the settlement, which is particularly significant in township areas such as open plains and pasture areas. From the perspective of morphological characteristics (morphological characteristic values ​​1.2-2.5), the northern settlements as a whole have strong order and regularity. For example, the scale of small and medium-sized settlements is concentrated in the range of 10-25hm2. 2 The overall form of the settlement is regular, facing north and south, and the block form is unified; from the perspective of the settlement micro-form, the village building form, volume, material and courtyard layout tend to be regularized. The overall form of large-scale township settlements tends to be liberalized, and the changes in building height and volume enrich the block form, while small-scale township areas are more inclined to the morphological characteristics of village settlements.

[0070] The landscape elements are single and the landscape style tends to be polarized. In terms of landscape diversity, the regular architectural forms and simple landscape elements make the village landscape in the northern region appear single; the landscape diversity of large-scale township settlements is more complex than that of village characteristic areas. The strong comprehensive strength of townships can support the construction of systematic parks, waterfront spaces and other green landscapes, enriching the level of town landscape elements. On the other hand, it also improves the infrastructure supply capacity of townships (rural landscape areas have high accessibility). Townships and village settlements with strong comprehensive economic strength indirectly affect landscape diversity and accessibility characteristics through the degree of investment in green landscapes and infrastructure, and also have a positive impact on the continuation and development of landscape style. Figure 7 It can be seen that the landscape integrity evaluation values ​​of large-scale towns and villages are higher than those of small and medium-sized towns and villages. On the contrary, smaller towns and villages struggle with the contradiction between landscape ecological construction and economic production. Although they have a certain landscape ecological foundation, rural residents are more willing to convert nature reserves into agricultural or facility land with certain outputs, and the trend of polarization of landscape is also formed here.

[0071] The fragmentation and diversification of its regional features, from the evaluation values ​​of settlement colors and time-varying characteristics, it can be seen that compared with the natural and agricultural characteristic areas, the color characteristics (2.2-2.6) and seasonal characteristics (2.6-3.2) of rural settlements are single. The lagging of facility construction and the destruction of ecological elements are one reason. More importantly, the fragmentation of rural features, the gradual loss of original memory and element symbols and the integration of new elements, the regional features are not reflected as expected in the overall color of settlement buildings, environmental vegetation and other aspects. The landscape characteristics of rural settlements are affected by many factors such as social economy, industrial production, and facility construction. At the same time, settlements are located in natural and agricultural landscape areas. The perceptual evaluation of rural settlements is a complex and intertwined perceptual conclusion. The evaluation values ​​of the four types of settlement characteristic areas are not prominent, which also represents that the northern villages, which are gradually fading regional characteristics, are gradually forming a diversified and practical landscape.

[0072] In summary, based on the northern rural landscape system, a rural landscape information platform involving multiple research perspectives such as ecological service functions, natural resources, and cultural landscape value assessment is constructed to describe the value, current situation, and development trend of the landscape. A comprehensive landscape attribute information database stored in GIS is constructed to realize a rural landscape assessment decision support system that can be used for query, analysis, and application. This system provides a scientific support platform for the quantitative analysis and planning management of northern rural landscape ecological resources, the formulation of sustainable development plans, and protection strategies, and provides basic materials for the early identification of specific landscapes, early planning preparations, development control plans, land management plans, rural policies, local biodiversity conservation plans, and historical landscape management.

[0073] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0074] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0075] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system, characterized by: It includes the module of classification standards and system construction of landscape characteristics of villages and towns in the north, the module of township landscape investigation and landscape characteristics assessment, and the module of assessment, analysis and research of landscape characteristics of villages and towns in the northern region.

2. The northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The northern villages and towns landscape characteristics classification standard and system construction module is used to build a landscape characteristics standard database through preliminary research on landscape characteristics assessment, research on assessment content and standards, and research on landscape survey plans; The township landscape survey and landscape feature assessment module is used to determine the rural landscape boundary, assess and count the landscape features, and count the landscape feature image information to build a landscape basic database; The module for evaluating, analyzing and studying the landscape characteristics of villages and towns in the northern region is used to perform data statistics on the basis of landscape characteristics, identify and analyze landscape characteristics, obtain the results of the northern village and town landscape evaluation, and thus conduct quantitative analysis of landscape characteristics and construct a village and town landscape development model.

3. The northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The content of the northern village and town landscape characteristics assessment includes assessment content, assessment criteria, and record results. Specifically, the rural landscape characteristics are assessed through integrity characteristics, spatial characteristics, morphological characteristics, color characteristics, diversity characteristics, natural characteristics, accessibility characteristics, psychological perception characteristics, and time-varying characteristics; Among them, the integrity characteristics, that is, the degree of disturbance of the landscape characteristic area and the difficulty of continuing the landscape style, will cause the degree of change in the integrity of the landscape characteristic area, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5; Spatial characteristics, i.e. the spatial perception of the landscape characteristic area from closed to open, evaluate the spatial characteristics of the rural settlement landscape at the block scale, from closed to open, with an evaluation interval of 1 to 5; Morphological characteristics, i.e., the spatial morphological characteristics of landscape elements, describe the morphology of landscape elements from neat to free, with an evaluation interval of 1 to 5; Color characteristics, that is, the color characteristics of each landscape element in the landscape characteristic area, the color characteristics of the landscape are divided into intervals from single to colorful, that is, single to rich, and the evaluation interval is 1 to 5; Diversity characteristics, that is, the diversity characteristics of landscape elements in the landscape characteristic area, ranging from simple to complex, with an evaluation interval of 1 to 5; Natural characteristics, namely the degree of natural originality of natural landscape characteristic areas, the environmental ecological conditions of agricultural and settlement landscape characteristic areas, and the degree of ecology and coordination with the natural environment, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5; Accessibility characteristics, that is, the degree of accessibility of the landscape feature area, is comprehensively measured and evaluated by the time it takes to reach the landscape feature area by the best transportation method within the township, from low to high, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5; Psychological perception characteristics, that is, whether the memories and associations caused by the landscape feature areas can produce positive psychological perceptions, including the green and ecological experience of natural landscape feature areas and the perception of northern regional characteristics of rural settlements. The evaluation range is from negative to positive, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5; Time-varying characteristics refer to the degree to which the landscape characteristic areas are affected by time and seasonal changes, resulting in changes in visual landscape characteristics, ranging from subtle to significant, with an evaluation range of 1 to 5.

4. The northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The evaluation results are recorded in the form of survey forms. Each form corresponds to the number of a single landscape feature area in a township, reflects the different degrees of landscape features through an integer range of 1 to 5, and records the 9 feature evaluation values ​​of the area. All recorded results are finally summarized, proofread and entered into the landscape feature database.

5. The northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The preliminary research stage of landscape characteristic assessment is to formulate landscape characteristic zone division standards based on the rural regional and environmental characteristics in the northern region, determine the core content of landscape characteristic assessment through expert evaluation method, and select multiple towns as research objects and formulate research plans based on the regional representativeness of town landscapes; The rural landscape survey is to use the township land use planning and topographic map data to preliminarily study and determine the types of landscape characteristic areas and boundary division overviews of the surveyed townships, combine the township roads, farmlands, rivers, and forest landscape elements to determine the boundaries of each landscape characteristic area, and perform characteristic area numbering and storage operations. According to the area scale and geomorphological characteristics of each township, a survey plan is formulated, and each survey group is assigned a corresponding landscape characteristic evaluation record form, survey drawings, and basic data. Secondly, according to the field survey plan, the survey work is carried out in groups. The surveyors survey the areas in charge according to the preliminary landscape characteristic zoning drawings and the established survey routes, record important information of the landscape characteristic areas, and take photos from multiple angles at important nodes. The evaluation form of the landscape characteristic area is completed based on the survey situation and the basic data of the survey area. After the survey, the characteristic data and photo information are uniformly entered into the green rural system database. Finally, all record description information and evaluation results are checked to complete the landscape basic database of the township. The landscape feature identification is the result of database analysis of landscape feature assessment. Through statistical analysis of the overall area, scale and various integrity, spatial and color attribute characteristics of township landscape feature areas, the core elements of northern rural landscape characteristics are identified, and the internal driving and influencing factors of different landscape features are explored.

6. The northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The quantitative evaluation results reflect the spatial, morphological, and diverse characteristics of the northern rural landscape. The evaluation interval is 1 to 5. According to the different representation levels of various landscape characteristics such as integrity, color, and morphology, it can be divided into low-value areas (1 to 2), lower-median areas (2 to 3), upper-median areas (3 to 4), and high-value areas (4 to 5). If the assessment value of the landscape characteristic area is in the low or high value area (extreme value area), it means that the landscape characteristics are highly significant. For example, the assessment value of the natural characteristics of natural low mountains and hilly woodlands reaches 4.8 (high value area), indicating that the ecological environment of this characteristic area in the northern rural area is subject to extremely low human interference.

7. The northern rural landscape intelligent decision-making system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Build a network model system of rural cultural landscape assessment GIS and Node.js platform, using MySQL, i.e. database software; S2. Comprehensively survey the situation and basic data of the survey area, input the quantitative analysis data, description and statistical information, GIS landscape feature classification map and photo information of various rural material and intangible cultural landscapes in the study area after the survey, and construct a landscape assessment system database after summarizing and integrating the data; S3. Different types of village spaces are divided according to different rural regions and environmental characteristics. The core content of the assessment of rural material and intangible cultural landscape characteristics is determined through expert evaluation methods, and specific evaluation criteria are defined. At the same time, with extensive public participation, different levels of landscape characteristics are reflected through integer intervals of 1-5. The quantitative results of various landscape assessments are finally summarized, proofread and entered into the landscape assessment system database; S4. Through the collection and integration of various attribute data of northern rural landscapes, including existing forms, nature, agricultural production, and cultural heritage, a landscape evaluation system is constructed by combining GIS with the Node.js platform and MySQL database software technology.

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