Broaching and grinding integrated cutter system and process

Abstract

The invention discloses a broaching and grinding integrated tool system and process, and relates to the field of machining, the broaching and grinding integrated tool system comprises a broaching machine assembly and a turbine disc clamping device, the broaching machine assembly comprises a broaching machine base body, a clamping table is arranged in the broaching machine base body, a broaching and grinding tool is installed on the clamping table, and the clamping table is connected with a dragging mechanism; a plurality of position sensors are installed on one side of the broaching machine base body and used for obtaining position information of the clamping table. The broaching knife comprises a broaching knife part and a knife grinding part which are connected into a whole; the turbine disc clamping device comprises a turbine disc driving mechanism used for installing a turbine disc, and a lifting device is arranged between the turbine disc driving mechanism and the broaching machine base body. The functions of a cutting edge and a grinding wheel are integrated, the machining efficiency can be improved, the machining quality can be remarkably improved, and the machining error of a workpiece is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a broaching and grinding integrated tool system and process. Background Art

[0002] In traditional machining processes, broaching and grinding are usually separate processes. Broaching is used to remove most of the material, while grinding is used for fine machining to improve the surface quality of the workpiece. However, this separate processing method faces problems such as low efficiency and complex processes during the machining process. Especially in the machining of complex shapes, switching between processes often requires a lot of time and effort. Traditional cutting tools and grinding tools have their own advantages and disadvantages in different application scenarios. Cutting tools are usually used in the rough machining stage where more material is removed. Their advantage is high machining efficiency, but the surface quality of the workpiece is poor; while grinding tools are suitable for fine machining, which can significantly improve the surface finish of the workpiece, but the efficiency is low. Therefore, for complex structural parts, combined processing methods have become a process optimization method. For example, for turbine disc mortise and tenon processing, special processing and broaching or grinding, milling and grinding, broaching and milling and other different combinations can usually be used. However, the combined processing method has the problems of complex process and low efficiency, for example:

[0003] CN116833498A discloses a combined electrolytic milling and electrolytic grinding processing method for the tenon and groove of an aircraft engine turbine disk, comprising the following steps: Step 1, arranging a forming grinding wheel, a tool cathode, and an electrolyte nozzle in sequence along the processing direction, and connecting the forming grinding wheel and the tool cathode to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply respectively; Step 2, the tool cathode moves along the processing direction, and the electrolyte nozzle supplies electrolyte, and large excess removal is achieved through electrolytic processing to complete the rough processing of the tenon and groove; Step 3, after the tool cathode is processed, the forming grinding wheel moves along the processing direction, and the electrolyte supplied by the electrolyte nozzle is used for grinding processing to achieve small excess removal and complete the fine processing of the tenon and groove; Step 4, rotating the turbine disk, repeating Step 2 and Step 3 to process the next groove. This method combines electrolytic milling and electrolytic grinding, has high processing accuracy, but low processing efficiency, and strict requirements on processing conditions.

[0004] CN114918482A discloses a method for processing a wide tenon groove of a turbine disk, which specifically comprises the following steps: processing a tenon groove with a test block of the same material as the turbine disk, firstly processing the tenon groove with a slow wire cutting, leaving a margin on one side, and then using high-speed fine broaching to reach the final size, checking whether the tenon groove size and technical conditions of the test block meet the design requirements of a single tenon groove, verifying the correctness of processing a tenon groove with a slow wire cutting program and whether the fine broaching tool is qualified; processing two grooves at symmetrical positions on a large test piece, firstly processing the tenon groove with a slow wire cutting, leaving a margin on one side, and then using high-speed fine broaching to reach the final size, and checking the correctness of the distance from the tenon groove working surface of the large test piece to the center of the turbine disk and the inclination angle; when the test block processed in step 1 and the large test piece processed in step 2 are qualified, the turbine disk is formally processed, and during the formal processing, the tenon groove is firstly processed with a slow wire cutting, leaving a margin on one side, and then using high-speed fine broaching to reach the final size, and all the tenons are processed to the final size: processing the annular groove at the tenon groove notch. This method combines the processing methods of wire cutting and broaching to process the mortise and tenon, but its processing efficiency is not high and the processing method needs to be changed during the processing.

[0005] CN116728089A discloses a turbine disc tenon-groove laser cutting-broaching composite processing method and device, which includes a frame, a workbench mounted on the frame, a laser cutting module, a broaching processing module, a thermal imager and a cooling device; the workbench is used to fix the turbine disc blank and drive the turbine disc blank to rotate around the axis; the laser cutting module is used to perform preliminary processing and cutting on the turbine disc blank; the broaching processing module is used to further cut the turbine disc blank processed by the laser cutting module; the thermal imager is used to collect the temperature of the turbine disc blank; the cooling device is used to cool the turbine disc blank after laser cutting. This method combines the processing methods of laser cutting and broaching, but the use of laser cutting is prone to heat accumulation and surface burns, and the processing accuracy is difficult to ensure.

[0006] In summary, the current processing of turbine disc tenon and mortise mainly has the following problems: 1. The current batch processing method of turbine disc tenon and mortise generally adopts broaching. Although broaching is efficient, the integrity of the processed surface is not satisfactory; 2. The broaching tools, especially the fine broaches, have complex shapes, high manufacturing precision requirements, high costs, and poor retention of easily worn surfaces during the broaching process, resulting in poor tenon and mortise shape and position accuracy and poor yield; 3. Since the combined processing method needs to adopt different processing procedures, it has problems such as poor repeatability positioning accuracy, low efficiency and difficulty in ensuring processing accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated broaching and grinding tool system and process, which integrates the functions of the cutting blade and the grinding wheel, and adopts hydraulic drive to ensure the broaching force and grinding speed; it can not only improve the processing efficiency, but also significantly improve the processing quality and reduce the processing error of the workpiece.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a broaching and grinding integrated tool system, comprising:

[0010] The broaching machine assembly comprises a broaching machine base, a clamping platform is arranged in the broaching machine base, a broaching and grinding tool is installed on the clamping platform, and the clamping platform is connected to a tractor mechanism; a plurality of position sensors are installed on one side of the broaching machine base, and the position sensors are used to obtain the position information of the clamping platform; the broaching and grinding tool comprises a broaching tool part and a grinding tool part connected as one body;

[0011] The turbine disc clamping device comprises a turbine disc driving mechanism for installing the turbine disc, and a lifter is arranged between the turbine disc driving mechanism and a broaching machine base.

[0012] As a further implementation, the push-pull mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, the clamping platform is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic drive system;

[0013] A positioning shaft is installed in the base of the broaching machine, and the clamping platform is slidably matched with the positioning shaft.

[0014] As a further implementation, a transition zone is provided between the broaching part and the grinding part, and the transition zone includes a first section and a second section which are arranged in sequence, wherein the first section is used to connect with the broaching part, and the second section is used to connect with the grinding part, and has the same shape as the grinding part.

[0015] As a further implementation method, the broaching tool part is divided into a rough grooving part and a semi-finishing contour grooving part; the rough grooving part is used to broach a triangular groove, and the semi-finishing contour grooving part is used to broach the triangular groove into a turbine disc tenon groove, a gear groove or a sprocket groove.

[0016] As a further implementation, the tool sharpening part includes a tool base and abrasive particles distributed on the surface of the tool base; the abrasive particles are arranged in a disordered manner or in an ordered manner.

[0017] As a further implementation, the grinding part is provided with a chip groove, and the chip groove is a straight chip groove, an oblique chip groove, a triangular chip groove or a triangular chip groove that alternates positively and negatively.

[0018] As a further implementation, the lifter is connected to a hydraulic cooling and lifting system, and both the hydraulic cooling and lifting system and the hydraulic driving system are connected to a control system.

[0019] As a further implementation method, a broaching position sensor, a grinding position sensor and a stop position sensor are installed on one side of the broaching machine base; the control system is used to control the hydraulic drive system to stop working according to the detection signal of the stop position sensor, control and adjust the broaching machine speed to the grinding speed according to the detection signal of the grinding position sensor, and control and adjust the broaching machine speed to the broaching speed according to the detection signal of the broaching position sensor.

[0020] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a processing technology of a broaching and grinding integrated tool system, comprising: installing the turbine disc to be ground on a turbine disc clamping device, and installing a broaching and grinding tool; performing broaching and grinding integrated processing of the turbine disc tenon and groove according to broaching and grinding parameters, wherein each groove is first broached and then ground.

[0021] As a further implementation, when the grinding position sensor receives a signal, the grinding process is started; when the stop position sensor receives a signal, the lifter is started; and when the broaching position sensor receives a signal, the tool retraction is stopped.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1) The present invention solves the problem of the need to change the processing method in the integrated processing of turbine disc tenons, keyways, gear grooves, etc., and completes the process from rough processing to fine processing and polishing with one device without changing the processing method. It has the characteristics of strong adaptability, high processing efficiency, good processing accuracy, and excellent processing surface quality. It can meet the needs of integrated processing of workpieces with different processing shapes (turbine disc tenons, keyways, gear grooves, etc.).

[0024] 2) The present invention adopts different abrasive arrangement methods. The array arrangement and staggered arrangement imitate the usual grinding wheel grinding method, while the coarse and fine segmented arrangement of the abrasive solves the problem of single abrasive and fixed processing accuracy of traditional grinding wheels. The whole process from semi-finishing to fine grinding can be completed at one time, and the processing accuracy can be guaranteed.

[0025] 3) Compared with the traditional grinding wheel, the present invention adopts a chip groove structure, which solves the problem of grinding wheel clogging caused by grinding chips accumulation and ensures that the grinding chips can be discharged smoothly. It has the characteristics of improving processing quality, avoiding excessive wear of abrasive particles, and good grinding transition.

[0026] 4) The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to assemble and operate, avoids excessive modification of the broaching machine, can be conveniently linked with the traditional broaching machine, reduces the complexity of program editing, saves a lot of processing costs, and significantly improves the economy of integrated forming processing of various types of workpieces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 is an axonometric view of the overall structure of one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is an isometric view of a broaching machine assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is an exploded view of a clamping table according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 1 is a three-view diagram of a broaching machine assembly according to one or more embodiments of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view of the broaching machine assembly, (b) is a side view of the broaching machine assembly, and (c) is a top view of the broaching machine assembly;

[0032] Figure 5 is an exploded view of a turbine disk clamping device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is an axonometric view of a hydraulic drive system according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is an axonometric view of a control system according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is an axonometric view of a hydraulic cooling lift system according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 is an axonometric view of a lifter according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 is an isometric view of a grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of finishing after overall removal of excess during the grinding process of the broaching tool in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of discontinuous removal and discontinuous dressing of the grinding process of the grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal tree-shaped tenon groove of a grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of a grinding cutter gear groove according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of a keyway of a grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.16 is a front view of the arrangement of the abrasive grain array of the grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.17 is a front view of the staggered arrangement of grinding grains of a grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.18 is a front view of a coarse and fine segmentation of a grinding knife abrasive grains according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.19 is a front view of a straight chip flute of a grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 20 is a front view of the oblique chip groove of the grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.21 is a front view of a triangular chip removal groove of a grinding tool according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 22 is a front view of a grinding tool with positive and negative alternating triangular chip removal grooves according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.23 It is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a hydraulic drive system according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] Among them, Ⅰ, broaching machine assembly, Ⅱ, turbine disc clamping device, Ⅲ, hydraulic drive system, Ⅳ, control system, Ⅴ, hydraulic cooling and lifting system, Ⅵ, broaching and grinding tool;

[0052] Ⅰ-1, broaching machine base, Ⅰ-2, positioning axis, Ⅰ-3, clamping table, Ⅰ-4, hydraulic spindle, Ⅰ-5, cylinder body, Ⅰ-6, bracket, Ⅰ-7, positioning screw, Ⅰ-8, chip tray, Ⅰ-9, oil storage tank, Ⅰ-10, oil storage tank cover, Ⅰ-11, baffle; Ⅱ-1, guide, Ⅱ-2, fixed table, Ⅱ-3, first drive motor, Ⅱ-4, turbine disc, Ⅱ-5, connecting sleeve, Ⅱ-6, flange, Ⅱ-7-teaching device; Ⅲ-1, oil inlet pipe, Ⅲ-2, second drive motor, Ⅲ -3, oil tank, III-4, three-position four-way solenoid reversing valve, III-5, oil return pipe; IV-1, electric box, IV-2, control switch, IV-3, stop position sensor, IV-4, grinding position sensor, IV-5, broaching position sensor, IV-6, wire; V-1, lifter, V-2, hydraulic cooling box, V-3, main oil pipe, V-4, auxiliary oil pipe, V-5, cooling pipe, V-6, third drive motor; VI-1, broaching part, VI-2, grinding part, VI-3, transition zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0054] Embodiment 1:

[0055] This embodiment provides a broaching and grinding integrated tool system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a broaching machine assembly I, a turbine disc clamping device II, a broaching tool VI, a hydraulic drive system III, a control system IV and a hydraulic cooling and lifting system V. The turbine disc clamping device II and the broaching tool VI are installed on the broaching machine assembly I, the broaching machine assembly I is connected to the hydraulic drive system III, and the hydraulic drive system III is connected to the control system IV and the hydraulic cooling and lifting system V.

[0056] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the broaching machine assembly I includes a broaching machine base body I-1, a bracket I-6, a tractor mechanism, a clamping table I-3, a positioning shaft I-2, a chip tray I-8, etc. The broaching machine base body I-1 is installed on the upper side of the bracket I-6, and the bracket I-6 is embeddedly connected with the broaching machine base body I-1 to ensure the stability of the connection; the chip tray I-8 is connected to one end of the broaching machine base body I-1. In this embodiment, the broaching machine base body I-1 is a box-type structure, one end of which is provided with an opening, so that the grinding chips can enter the chip tray I-8 through the opening.

[0057] The tractor mechanism is arranged in the base body I-1 of the broaching machine. The tractor mechanism includes a clamping table I-3, a hydraulic cylinder and a positioning shaft I-2. Two positioning shafts I-2 are installed along the length direction of the broaching machine base body I-1. Both ends of the positioning shafts I-2 are connected to the broaching machine base body I-1 through positioning screws I-7 respectively. The clamping table I-3 and the positioning shafts I-2 are slidably matched. The hydraulic main shaft I-4 of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the clamping table I-3. The cylinder body I-5 of the hydraulic cylinder is located outside the broaching machine base body I-1. One end of the broaching grinder is connected to the clamping table I-3, and the broaching grinder passes through one end of the broaching machine base body I-1 where an opening is set. Under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the clamping table I-3 can move along the positioning shafts I-2, and at the same time drive the broaching grinder to move linearly.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, a slot is provided in the middle of the clamping table I-3, one end of the grinding tool is inserted into the slot and fixed by a baffle I-11. An oil hole is reserved on the clamping table I-3, through which an oil storage tank I-9 is installed. The oil storage tank I-9 is threadedly connected to the oil storage tank cover I-10, and the amount of lubricating oil output is adjusted by the depth of the threaded insertion.

[0059] The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic drive system III, such as Figure 6 and Fig.23 As shown, the hydraulic drive system III includes an oil tank III-3, a second drive motor III-2, an oil inlet pipe III-1, and an oil return pipe III-5. The oil tank III-3 is equipped with a three-position four-way solenoid reversing valve III-4, and the oil inlet pipe III-1 and the oil return pipe III-5 are connected through the three-position four-way solenoid reversing valve III-4. The oil inlet pipe III-1 and the oil return pipe III-5 are respectively connected to the hydraulic cylinder; the second drive motor III-2 drives the hydraulic pump to draw hydraulic oil from the oil tank III-3. After the hydraulic drive system receives the start signal, the second drive motor III-2 rotates forward, the three-position four-way solenoid reversing valve III-4 is energized in the left position, and the broaching machine processing speed is adjusted to the broaching speed; when the grinding start signal is received from the control system, the three-position four-way solenoid reversing valve III-4 is energized in the right position, and the broaching machine processing speed is adjusted to the grinding speed; when the stop signal is received from the control system, the three-position four-way solenoid reversing valve III-4 loses power in the right position and returns to the middle position, and the broaching machine stops; when the lifter V-1 is in place signal sent by the hydraulic cooling lifting system, the three-position four-way solenoid reversing valve III-4 is energized in the right position, and the second drive motor III-2 reverses to perform a quick tool retraction operation.

[0060] like Figure 7As shown, the oil tank III-3 is connected to the control system IV, and the control system IV includes an electric box IV-1, a position sensor and a wire IV-6. The electric box IV-1 is fixed to the bracket I-6, and the electric box IV-1 is installed with a control switch IV-2. The position sensor is connected to the electric box IV-1 through the wire IV-6, and the position sensor receives signals for controlling various actions of the broaching machine. In this embodiment, three position sensors are installed on one side of the broaching machine base body I-1. For the convenience of description, they are named according to their functions, namely, the stop position sensor IV-3, the grinding position sensor IV-4 and the broaching position sensor IV-5. The broaching position sensor IV-5 is arranged near the installation end of the turbine disc clamping device, the stop position sensor IV-3 is arranged at the other end of the broaching machine base body I-1 (away from the installation end of the turbine disc clamping device), and the grinding position sensor IV-4 is arranged between the stop position sensor IV-3 and the broaching position sensor IV-5.

[0061] The position sensor of this embodiment can be a capacitor, an inductor or a mechanical type, and can measure the position and speed of the pull to the clamping table I-3, which is used to control the grinding speed and stop. When the start button is pressed, the electric box IV-1 sends a signal to the hydraulic drive system and the hydraulic cooling and lifting system. The hydraulic drive system adjusts the broaching speed to the broaching speed through the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve III-4, and the hydraulic cooling and lifting system starts to spray coolant and start the broaching process. When the grinding position sensor IV-4 receives a signal, the electric box IV-1 sends a signal to the hydraulic drive system, and the hydraulic drive system adjusts the broaching speed to the grinding speed through the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve III-4, and enters the grinding process. When the stop position sensor IV-3 is energized, the electric box IV-1 sends a signal to the hydraulic drive system, the hydraulic cooling and lifting system and the turbine disc clamping device, the hydraulic drive system stops working, the hydraulic cooling and lifting system stops spraying coolant and causes the lifter V-1 to rise; then the turbine disc clamping device controls the first drive motor II-3 to rotate a predetermined angle, and at the same time the hydraulic drive system retracts the grinding tool through the three-position four-way solenoid reversing valve III-4. When the turning position sensor IV-5 is energized, the electric box IV-1 sends a signal to the hydraulic cooling and lifting system, and the lifter V-1 descends back to its original position, completing the overall control work.

[0062] like Fig. 9As shown, the hydraulic cooling and lifting system V includes a hydraulic cooling box V-2, a lifter V-1, a cooling pipe V-5, a main oil pipe V-3, an auxiliary oil pipe V-4 and a third drive motor V-6. The hydraulic cooling box V-2 is fixed to the bracket I-6, the third drive motor V-6 is installed on the hydraulic cooling box V-2, and the third drive motor V-6 is installed with a hydraulic pump; the hydraulic cooling box V-2 is connected to one end of the cooling pipe V-5, the main oil pipe V-3 and the auxiliary oil pipe V-4, and the other ends of the cooling pipe V-5, the main oil pipe V-3 and the auxiliary oil pipe V-4 extend to the lathe base I-1 respectively, and the main oil pipe V-3 and the auxiliary oil pipe V-4 are connected to the lifter V-1. The lifter V-1 is installed in the hydraulic hole reserved in the lathe base I-1, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, the lifter V-1 is an existing structure, which is used to lift the turbine disk clamping device II; the other end of the cooling pipe V-5 corresponds to one side of the turbine disk clamping device II, and is used to cool the turbine disk II-4.

[0063] After the hydraulic cooling lifting system V receives the start signal from the control system, the third drive motor V-6 rotates forward and the cooling pipe V-5 sprays coolant; when a stop signal is received, the hydraulic cooling box V-2 controls the cooling pipe V-5 to stop spraying coolant and lifts the lifter V-1 to the specified height; when a signal is received that the grinding knife is in place, the third drive motor V-6 reverses and drives the lifter V-1 to descend back to the specified initial position.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, the turbine disc clamping device II is installed at one end of the broaching machine base I-1 and is located on the upper side of the broaching tool; the turbine disc clamping device II includes a guide II-1, a teaching pendant II-7, etc. The guide II-1 is installed on the broaching machine base I-1, and the broaching machine base I-1 is provided with a through hole for installing the guide II-1, and the through hole is located on the upper side of the opening of the broaching machine base I-1. The guide II-1 is provided with a guide groove, and the broaching tool passes through the guide groove and is connected to the clamping table I-3. A fixed table II-2 is installed on the upper side of the guide II-1, and the first drive motor II-3 is installed on one side of the fixed table II-2 and is connected to the turbine disc II-4 on the other side of the fixed table II-2. Among them, the turbine disc II-4 is connected to the motor shaft through a connecting sleeve II-5, a flange II-6 and a plurality of screws.

[0065] The fixed table II-2 is clamped on the upper side of the broaching machine base I-1 and the guide II-1, and can be lifted by the lifter V-1. The teaching pendant II-7 is connected to the first drive motor II-3 through the wire IV-6. After the turbine disc II-4 is installed, the driver is written through the teaching pendant II-7; after processing a mortise and tenon, the turbine disc clamping device rises through the lifter V-1. When it is lifted to the specified position, the lifter V-1 stops. The teaching pendant II-7 receives the stop signal and issues a command to activate the first drive motor II-3. After rotating the specified distance, it stops. After receiving the signal that the broaching knife returns to the initial position, the lifter V-1 descends back to its original position and repeats the above process.

[0066] The broaching and grinding tool is an integrated broaching and grinding tool, which is made of materials with good properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, high strength, high toughness, heat resistance and impact resistance. It is divided into two parts, namely the broaching part VI-1 and the grinding part VI-2. Fig.10 As shown, the broaching part VI-1 is arranged in front, and the grinding part VI-2 is arranged in the back; it should be noted that the "front" and "back" in this embodiment are based on the actual processing direction. A transition zone VI-3 is arranged between the broaching part VI-1 and the grinding part VI-2. The transition zone VI-3 includes a first section and a second section arranged in sequence, wherein the first section does not participate in the processing and is only used to connect the broaching part VI-1. The first section adopts a rib plate structure; the second section adopts a continuous progressive structure, and its shape is the same as that of the grinding part VI-2, but its size is smaller than the size of the mortise after broaching, so as to avoid excessive impact between the mortise and the grinding part.

[0067] The broaching tool part VI-1 is divided into two parts: a triangular rough grooving part and a semi-finishing contour grooving part. The triangular rough grooving part adopts a step-by-step progressive transition method to broach a triangular groove; the semi-finishing contour grooving part adopts a two-side progressive transition method to broach the triangular groove into the shape of the processed groove, such as the turbine disk II-4 tenon groove. Fig.13 The longitudinal tree-shaped mortise and tenon grinding tool and gear groove shown in the figure are as follows Fig.14 The gear groove grinding tool and sprocket groove shown in the figure are Fig.15 The keyway grinding process shown in the figure has a machining allowance of 2 mm after completion.

[0068] The grinding part VI-2 can be divided into the excess removal part and the surface finishing part, which can be specifically divided into: Fig.11 The overall excess shown is removed and trimmed, as shown Fig.12 There are two types of intermittent excess removal and intermittent trimming shown. The excess removal part adopts a continuous progressive transition structure to remove the broaching excess, and the trimming part adopts an equal-size structure to trim surface burrs and ensure surface smoothness.

[0069] The grinding part VI-2 includes a tool base and abrasive particles, wherein the abrasive particles are diamond or cubic boron nitride (CBN). The abrasive particles are arranged in different ways, which can be disordered or ordered, and are fixed on the tool base by brazing, electroplating or resin bonding. The manufacturing accuracy of the tool base is 1-2 levels higher than the shape and position accuracy of the mortise and tenon groove, ensuring that the final machined mortise and tenon groove accuracy meets or even exceeds the design requirements; the grinding part of the tool is gradually increased in size and then remains unchanged.

[0070] like Fig.16 As shown, the abrasive particles are arranged in an array on the surface of the tool substrate; Fig.17 As shown in Figure 1, the abrasive particles are arranged in a staggered manner on the surface of the tool substrate; Fig.18 As shown, the abrasive grains are arranged in sections. This embodiment adopts different abrasive grain arrangements. The array arrangement and the staggered arrangement imitate the usual grinding wheel grinding method, while the coarse and fine segmented arrangement of the abrasive grains solves the problem of single abrasive grains and fixed processing accuracy of the traditional grinding wheel. The whole process from semi-finishing to fine grinding can be completed at one time, and the processing accuracy can be guaranteed.

[0071] The grinding part VI-2 is provided with a chip removal groove, such as Fig.19 As shown, the chip grooves of the grinding part VI-2 are straight chip grooves with equal spacing; Fig. 20 As shown, the chip grooves are evenly spaced with inclined chip grooves; Fig.21 As shown, the chip grooves are distributed evenly with triangular chip grooves; Fig. 22 As shown, the chip grooves are distributed equidistantly using triangular chip grooves that alternate in positive and negative directions. This embodiment uses chip grooves of different shapes. The straight chip grooves and the oblique chip grooves imitate the traditional chip groove style. The triangular chip grooves and the triangular chip grooves that alternate in positive and negative directions solve the problem of the uneven transition of the two sections of the grinding wheel before and after the traditional chip groove grinding. The continuity of the grinding process is ensured by the triangular progressive transition method. Compared with the traditional grinding wheel grinding, the chip groove structure solves the problem of the accumulation of grinding chips and the clogging of the grinding wheel, and ensures that the grinding chips can be discharged smoothly. It has the characteristics of improving the processing quality, avoiding excessive wear of abrasive particles, and good grinding transition.

[0072] This embodiment solves the problem of changing the processing method in the integrated processing of turbine disc II-4 mortise, keyway, gear groove, etc., and completes the process from rough processing to fine processing and polishing with one device without changing the processing method, and can meet the needs of integrated processing of workpieces of different processing shapes (turbine disc II-4 mortise, keyway, gear groove, etc.). The structure is simple, easy to assemble, easy to operate, avoiding excessive modification of the broaching machine, and can be conveniently linked with the traditional broaching machine, reducing the complexity of program editing and reducing processing costs.

[0073] Embodiment 2:

[0074] This embodiment provides a processing technology of a broaching and grinding integrated tool system, using the broaching and grinding integrated tool system described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Clean the broaching machine base I-1, chip tray I-8, clamping table I-3, turbine disc clamping device II and broaching sharpener.

[0076] Step 2: Install the turbine disk II-4 to be ground on the turbine disk clamping device II, and ensure that the parallelism between the turbine disk II-4 and the fixed table II-2 is less than 10μm; and connect the grinding tool through the guide II-1 and the clamping table I-3, ensuring that the runout of the grinding tool during feeding is less than 5μm; adjust the position of each position sensor to ensure that the position error of the grinding section designed with the grinding tool is less than 2mm.

[0077] Step 3: Write a grinding program through programming software, determine the grinding parameters, and perform integrated grinding and grinding of the tenon of turbine disc II-4. First, perform the grinding process, spray coolant at the same time, and then perform the grinding process until the tenon processing accuracy reaches the required accuracy requirement; then stop the above actions, and the turbine disc II-4 is lifted; then the grinding tool hydraulic drive system returns to the initial position, and at the same time the first drive motor II-3 drives the turbine disc II-4 to rotate a certain angle (the rotation angle is 360° divided by the number of tenons of turbine disc II-4); then the turbine disc II-4 descends, and the grinding process of the next tenon begins; this cycle is repeated until all the tenon grinding processes are completed.

[0078] Among them, the grinding process, the lifting action of the turbine disk II-4 and the stop of the tool retraction are determined by the position sensor signal. When the grinding position sensor IV-4 receives a signal, the grinding process starts; when the stop position sensor IV-3 receives a signal, the lifter V-1 is started; when the drawing position sensor IV-5 receives a signal, the tool retraction stops.

[0079] The broaching and grinding parameters include broaching feed speed, grinding feed speed, cutting depth and grinding depth, which are determined according to the turbine disk II-4 material and the mortise and tenon processing requirements; the feed speed of the hydraulic spindle I-4 in the broaching stage is set to 2-7m / min; the cutting depth is set to 0.1-1mm; the feed speed of the hydraulic spindle I-4 in the grinding stage is set to 2-80m / s; the grinding depth is set to 0.005-0.5mm / s.

[0080] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A broaching and grinding integrated tool system, characterized in that: include: The broaching machine assembly comprises a broaching machine base, a clamping platform is arranged in the broaching machine base, a broaching and grinding tool is installed on the clamping platform, and the clamping platform is connected to a tractor mechanism; a plurality of position sensors are installed on one side of the broaching machine base, and the position sensors are used to obtain the position information of the clamping platform; the broaching and grinding tool comprises a broaching tool part and a grinding tool part connected as one body; The turbine disc clamping device comprises a turbine disc driving mechanism for installing the turbine disc, and a lifter is arranged between the turbine disc driving mechanism and a broaching machine base.

2. The integrated broaching and grinding tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push-pull mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, the clamping platform is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic drive system; A positioning shaft is installed in the base of the broaching machine, and the clamping platform is slidably matched with the positioning shaft.

3. The integrated broaching and grinding tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transition zone is provided between the broaching part and the grinding part, and the transition zone includes a first section and a second section which are arranged in sequence, wherein the first section is used to connect with the broaching part, and the second section is used to connect with the grinding part, and has the same shape as the grinding part.

4. The integrated broaching and grinding tool system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The broaching tool part is divided into a rough grooving part and a semi-finishing contour grooving part; the rough grooving part is used for broaching a triangular groove, and the semi-finishing contour grooving part is used for broaching the triangular groove into a turbine disc tenon groove, a gear groove or a sprocket groove.

5. The integrated broaching and grinding tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool sharpening part comprises a tool base and abrasive grains distributed on the surface of the tool base; the abrasive grains are arranged in a disordered manner or in an ordered manner.

6. The broaching and grinding integrated tool system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The grinding part is provided with a chip removal groove, and the chip removal groove is a straight chip removal groove, an oblique chip removal groove, a triangular chip removal groove or a triangular chip removal groove that alternates positively and negatively.

7. The integrated broaching and grinding tool system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifter is connected to a hydraulic cooling and lifting system, and both the hydraulic cooling and lifting system and the hydraulic driving system are connected to a control system.

8. The integrated broaching and grinding tool system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A broaching position sensor, a grinding position sensor and a stop position sensor are installed on one side of the broaching machine base; the control system is used to control the hydraulic drive system to stop working according to the detection signal of the stop position sensor, control and adjust the broaching machine speed to the grinding speed according to the detection signal of the grinding position sensor, and control and adjust the broaching machine speed to the broaching speed according to the detection signal of the broaching position sensor.

9. A processing technology for a broaching and grinding integrated tool system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Install the turbine disc to be ground on the turbine disc clamping device, and install the grinding tool; According to the broaching and grinding parameters, the turbine disc tenon and groove are subjected to an integrated broaching and grinding process, wherein each groove is first broached and then ground.

10. The processing technology of the integrated broaching and grinding tool system according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the grinding position sensor receives a signal, the grinding process starts; when the stop position sensor receives a signal, the lifter is started; when the broaching position sensor receives a signal, the tool retraction stops.

Images