Photovoltaic module laminating machine and defoaming device thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module processing, in particular to a photovoltaic module laminating machine and a defoaming device thereof. The photovoltaic module laminating machine comprises a laminating machine box body, the interior of the laminating machine box body is divided into a vacuum cavity, a defoaming cavity and a curing cavity, a defoaming device is arranged in the defoaming cavity, the defoaming device comprises a power mechanism, and the power mechanism is fixed to the defoaming cavity; the lever mechanism is connected to the power mechanism and acts downwards on the photovoltaic module; a movable ring is arranged at the top of the power mechanism, and the movable ring performs variable-diameter circular motion; the independent defoaming cavity is arranged in the laminating machine, the defoaming device in the defoaming cavity is used for extruding and defoaming the photovoltaic module after the photovoltaic module is laminated, the specially arranged lever mechanism of the defoaming device can enable the pressing rod to perform variable-diameter circular motion on the surface of the photovoltaic module, and the pressing rod performs spiral motion from the center of the photovoltaic module to the periphery, so that the photovoltaic module can be defoamed. And the bubbles on the surface of the photovoltaic module can be gradually extruded from the periphery in cooperation with the rotating motion of the pressing rod, and the quality of the finished photovoltaic module is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic component processing, in particular to a photovoltaic component laminator and a defoaming device thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing process of photovoltaic modules, the lamination process is a core process. By using a laminator, the laminated structure with front glass, back glass, cells and film is pressed into a whole, protecting the cells from the influence of the external environment when generating electricity, and improving the service life of photovoltaic modules. The lamination process has extremely high process requirements for vacuum degree, heating temperature and pressure. When the vacuum is insufficient or the temperature of the heating plate is uneven, it is easy to cause bubbles in the photovoltaic module.

[0003] A Chinese invention patent with publication number CN115416389A provides a laminating device and a laminating process for a photovoltaic module. The laminating device controls the shape of a rubber sheet so that the rubber sheet first contacts the photovoltaic module from the middle, thereby further discharging bubbles inside the photovoltaic module.

[0004] The rubber plate in the device is still a large pressing surface, which cannot guarantee that the bubbles will be pressed from the middle to the surroundings when it contacts the surface of the photovoltaic module, and thus the bubble elimination effect of the laminating device cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the photovoltaic module laminator. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module laminator and a defoaming device thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a defoaming device for a photovoltaic module laminator, placed in a defoaming chamber of the photovoltaic module laminator, comprising: A power mechanism, fixed to the defoaming chamber; A lever mechanism, connected to the power mechanism, acts downward on the photovoltaic module; A moving ring is provided on the top of the power mechanism, and the moving ring performs a circular motion with a variable diameter; The lever mechanism comprises a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is provided with a small ball joint, and the other end is provided with a large ball joint, the small ball joint is arranged in the moving ring, and the large ball joint is arranged in the power mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, a connecting arm is provided at the bottom of the large ball joint, a pressure rod is provided at the end of the connecting arm, and a scraper strip is provided at the end of the pressure rod.

[0008] Preferably, the photovoltaic assembly is placed on a second carrier, and a vacuum suction cup is provided on the second carrier.

[0009] The present invention also provides a technical solution: a photovoltaic module laminator, comprising a laminator case, wherein the laminator case is divided into a vacuum chamber, a defoaming chamber and a curing chamber, and a defoaming device is provided in the defoaming chamber.

[0010] Preferably, a vacuum system, a heating system and a pressurizing system are provided in the vacuum chamber, and the vacuum chamber is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, a first carrier is provided in the lower chamber, a plurality of auxiliary conveying bars are provided under the first carrier, the auxiliary conveying bars include two support frames, conveying rollers are provided at both ends of the support frames, a conveying belt is wound around the conveying roller, a hole is opened at the corresponding position of each auxiliary conveying bar of the first carrier, and the top surface of the conveying belt is flush with the top surface of the first carrier.

[0011] Preferably, the vacuum system includes an air inlet located on the inner wall of the upper chamber, and an air extraction port located on the inner wall of the lower chamber, the air inlet is controlled by an air pump, and the air extraction port is controlled by a vacuum pump.

[0012] Preferably, the pressurizing system comprises a pressing plate, four sides of which are completely in contact with the inner wall of the upper cavity, and the pressing plate is connected to the top of the upper cavity by a plurality of spring rods.

[0013] Preferably, the heating system includes an electric heater and a heat pipe, and the heat pipe is laid flat inside the first carrier and avoids the opening of the first carrier.

[0014] Preferably, a conveying platform and a temperature control system are provided in the curing chamber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A separate defoaming chamber is set in the laminator. After the photovoltaic modules are laminated, the defoaming device in the defoaming chamber is used to squeeze and defoam them immediately. After the defoaming is completed, the modules are cured to ensure that no bubbles appear on the surface of the finished photovoltaic modules. The lever mechanism specially designed for the defoaming device can make the pressure rod perform a variable diameter circular motion on the surface of the photovoltaic module. The pressure rod performs a spiral motion from the center of the photovoltaic module to the surrounding areas. At the same time, the pressure rod itself also performs a rotational motion, which can gradually squeeze out the bubbles on the surface of the photovoltaic module from the surrounding areas. The defoaming device can also drive the photovoltaic assembly fixed on the turntable to rotate by setting a rotating turntable. The bubbles can be squeezed by the pressure rod during the rotation, and the bubbles can be eliminated to ensure the quality of the finished photovoltaic assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laminator of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the vacuum chamber of the laminator of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary transmission strip structure in the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first carrier in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the defoaming chamber in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile ring in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide rail structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the hydraulic platform in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lever mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention when it is working; Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second carrier in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the defoaming chamber in the second embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transfer station in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Among them, the laminator case 1, the feed door 11, the discharge door 12, the feed conveyor belt 13, the discharge conveyor belt 14; the vacuum chamber 2, the first carrier 21, the auxiliary conveying strip 22, the support frame 221, the conveying roller 222, the conveying belt 223, the air inlet 231, the air exhaust port 232, the pressure plate 241, the spring rod 242, the heat pipe 25; the defoaming chamber 3, the hydraulic rod 311, the hydraulic table 312, the spiral guide rail 3121, the rack 3122, the moving ring 313, the gear shaft 3131, the connecting rod 314, the small ball joint 315, the large ball joint 316, the connecting arm 317, the pressure rod 318, the scraper strip 319, the second carrier 32, the vacuum suction cup 33, the turntable 34; the curing chamber 4, the conveying table 41; the photovoltaic module 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The photovoltaic module includes tempered glass, EVA film, battery cell, EVA film and back panel in layers, among which EVA (ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer) film is used as a hot melt adhesive.

[0019] See also Figure 1The present invention provides a technical solution: a photovoltaic module laminator, including a laminator case 1, wherein a feed door 11 and a discharge door 12 are arranged on both sides of the laminator case 1, a feed conveyor belt 13 is arranged on one side of the feed door 11, and a discharge conveyor belt 14 is arranged on one side of the discharge door 12, and the photovoltaic modules 5 after the stacking and laying are put into the laminator case 1 from the feed door 11.

[0020] The laminator housing 1 is divided into a vacuum chamber 2, a defoaming chamber 3 and a curing chamber 4. Each chamber is separated by a chamber door to ensure the sealing of each chamber. The feed door 11, the discharge door 12 and each chamber door are all electric lifting doors and are equipped with sealing strips.

[0021] The vacuum chamber 2 is provided with a vacuum system, a heating system and a pressurizing system.

[0022] See also Figure 2-3 The vacuum chamber 2 is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, a first carrier 21 is arranged in the lower chamber, a plurality of auxiliary conveying strips 22 are arranged below the first carrier 21, the auxiliary conveying strips 22 include two support frames 221, conveying rollers 222 are arranged at both ends of the support frames 221, a conveying belt 223 is wound around the conveying roller 222, the first carrier 21 has a hole at the corresponding position of each auxiliary conveying strip 22, and the top surface of the conveying belt 223 is flush with the top surface of the first carrier 21, the conveying roller 222 is controlled by a numerical control system, and the rotation of the conveying roller 222 drives the conveying belt 223 to rotate, thereby driving the photovoltaic assembly 5 to move on the first carrier 21.

[0023] The vacuum system includes an air inlet 231 located on the inner wall of the upper cavity, and an air exhaust port 232 located on the inner wall of the lower cavity. The air inlet 231 is controlled by an air pump, and the air exhaust port 232 is controlled by a vacuum pump. After the photovoltaic module 5 enters the box, the vacuum pump controls the air in the box to be evacuated to form a vacuum environment, so that the air between the layers of the photovoltaic module 5 is initially discharged and a pressure difference is formed to facilitate the lamination of the pressurized system. While the vacuum cavity is being evacuated, the vacuum cavity is heated by the heating system.

[0024] The pressurizing system includes a pressing plate 241, the four sides of which are completely in contact with the inner wall of the upper cavity. The pressing plate 241 is connected to the top of the upper cavity by a plurality of spring rods 242. Compressed gas is input into the upper cavity through an air pump to increase the pressure in the upper cavity, so that the pressing plate 241 gradually descends to apply pressure to the photovoltaic module 5, thereby completing the lamination of the photovoltaic module 5.

[0025] See also Figure 4The heating system includes an electric heater and a heat pipe 25. The heat pipe 25 is laid flat inside the first carrier 21 and avoids the opening of the first carrier 21. The heat pipe 25 is energized by the electric heater to heat the photovoltaic module 5 placed on the first carrier 21, so that the EVA film layer in the photovoltaic module 5 melts, thereby bonding the battery cell to the tempered glass and the back panel.

[0026] The laminated photovoltaic components 5 are defoamed in the defoaming chamber 3 and then enter the curing chamber 4. The curing chamber 4 is provided with a conveying platform 41 and a temperature control system. The conveying platform 41 is used to transport the photovoltaic components 5. The temperature in the curing chamber 4 is lowered by the temperature control system to achieve a curing effect, so that the laminated photovoltaic components 5 are cooled and formed, and finally transported out from the discharge port 12.

[0027] The present invention also provides a technical solution: a defoaming device for a photovoltaic module laminator, wherein the defoaming device is arranged in a defoaming cavity of the photovoltaic module laminator provided by the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0028] See also Figure 5 In this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a plurality of hydraulic rods 311, which are fixed to the top of the defoaming chamber 3. The ends of the hydraulic rods 311 are connected to a hydraulic platform 312. The height of the hydraulic platform 312 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the hydraulic rods 311 so that the scraper 319 is in close contact with the surface of the photovoltaic module 5.

[0029] See also Figure 6-8 The top of the hydraulic platform 312 is provided with two spiral guide rails 3121 , the inner wall of the spiral guide rails 3121 is evenly distributed with racks 3122 , and a moving ring 313 is provided inside the spiral guide rails 3121 .

[0030] Two symmetrical gear shafts 3131 are arranged at the bottom of the moving ring 313. The gear shafts 3131 are embedded in the moving ring and rotated by the numerical control system. The gear part of the gear shaft 3131 is meshed with the rack 3122 on the inner wall of the spiral guide rail 3121. The gear shaft 3131 is driven to move in the spiral guide rail 3121 through its own rotation.

[0031] See also Fig. 9A circular hole is opened in the center of the hydraulic platform 312, and a lever mechanism is arranged in the circular hole. The lever mechanism includes a connecting rod 314, one end of the connecting rod 314 is provided with a small ball joint 315, and the other end is provided with a large ball joint 316. The large ball joint 316 is arranged in the circular hole and can rotate with multiple degrees of freedom in the circular hole. A connecting arm 317 is provided at the bottom of the large ball joint 316, and a pressure rod 318 is hinged at the end of the connecting arm 317. A scraper 319 is arranged at the end of the pressure rod 318. The pressure rod 318 is controlled by a numerical control system and can rotate. The small ball joint 315 is arranged in the moving ring 313, and the small ball 315, the connecting rod 314, the large ball joint 316 and the connecting arm 317 are integrally formed. The small ball joint 315 is driven to move by the variable diameter circular motion of the moving ring 313, and the motion of the upper and lower sections of the rod is transmitted by the large ball joint 316, so that the connecting arm 317 performs a reverse variable diameter circular motion.

[0032] Before defoaming, the gear shaft 3131 is located at the center of the spiral guide rail 3121. The gear shaft 3131 first rotates clockwise. At this time, the movable ring 313 moves from the center of the spiral guide rail 3121 to the outer circle, thereby driving the connecting arm 317 to rotate counterclockwise, and the rotation radius gradually increases. The self-rotating pressure rod 318 cooperates to press and defoam the photovoltaic component 5. The defoaming path unfolds in a spiral shape from the center of the photovoltaic component 5 to the surrounding areas, so that the bubbles in the photovoltaic component 5 are squeezed out from the middle to the four sides, ensuring the defoaming effect.

[0033] After defoaming is completed, the gear shaft 3131 rotates counterclockwise, driving the moving ring 313 to move from the outer ring of the spiral guide rail 3121 to the center and return to the initial position. At this time, the connecting arm 317 also returns to the original position.

[0034] See also Fig.10 A second carrier 32 is provided in the defoaming chamber 3, and a plurality of auxiliary conveying bars 22 are provided below the second carrier 32. The second carrier has holes at corresponding positions of each auxiliary conveying bar 22. The auxiliary conveying bars 22 are consistent with the auxiliary conveying bars 22 in the vacuum chamber in structure and working principle. The photovoltaic components 5 are conveyed through the auxiliary conveying bars 22. A plurality of vacuum suction cups 33 are also provided on the second carrier 32 for fixing the position of the photovoltaic components 5 to ensure that the photovoltaic components 5 do not move when the pressure rod 318 defoams the photovoltaic components 5.

[0035] After the scraper bar 319 completes defoaming of the photovoltaic component 5 , the chamber door between the defoaming chamber 3 and the curing chamber 4 rises, and the photovoltaic component 5 is transported from the chamber door to the curing chamber 4 by the auxiliary transport bar 22 . Embodiment 2

[0036] See also Fig.11In this embodiment, a turntable 34 is provided in the defoaming chamber 3, and a plurality of vacuum suction cups 33 are provided on the turntable 34. The photovoltaic position is fixed by the vacuum suction cups 33. The turntable 34 is controlled by a numerical control system and can rotate. A hydraulic rod 311 is provided on the top of the defoaming chamber 3, and a pressure rod 318 is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic rod 311. A scraper strip 319 is provided on the bottom surface of the pressure rod 318.

[0037] The photovoltaic assembly 5 is rotated by the rotation of the turntable 34, and the length of the hydraulic rod 311 is adjusted according to the position of the photovoltaic assembly 5, so that the scraper 319 is closely attached to the surface of the photovoltaic assembly 5. When the turntable 34 drives the photovoltaic assembly 5 to rotate, the scraper 319 squeezes the photovoltaic assembly 5 to defoam.

[0038] See also Fig.12 A plurality of auxiliary conveying bars 22 are arranged in the turntable 34. The turntable 34 has an opening at the position where each auxiliary conveying bar 22 is located. The structure and working principle of the auxiliary conveying bar 22 are consistent with those of the auxiliary conveying bar 22 in the vacuum chamber 2. The conveying positions of the auxiliary conveying bars 22 are the same before and after the turntable 34 rotates one circle, both in the horizontal direction. After the scraper bar 319 completes the defoaming of the photovoltaic component 5, the chamber door between the defoaming chamber 3 and the curing chamber 4 rises, and the photovoltaic component 5 is conveyed from the chamber door to the curing chamber 4 by the auxiliary conveying bars 22.

[0039] Process flow: After the laminated photovoltaic modules enter the vacuum chamber from the feed door, the feed door is closed, and the photovoltaic modules are placed on the first carrier. The air in the box is pumped out by the vacuum pump to form a vacuum environment. At the same time, the photovoltaic modules are heated by the heating system. When the vacuum degree and temperature reach the preset values, compressed air is injected into the upper chamber of the vacuum chamber to make the pressing plate start to descend and laminate the photovoltaic modules. After lamination, the photovoltaic module is transported to the defoaming chamber by the auxiliary conveyor bar, and the photovoltaic module is placed on the second carrier. The defoaming device rotates and presses the surface of the photovoltaic module to defoam, and the bubbles are squeezed out from the center of the photovoltaic module to the surrounding areas to complete the bubble elimination; After defoaming, the photovoltaic modules enter the curing chamber, and the temperature in the curing chamber is lowered through the temperature control system to achieve the curing effect, so that the laminated photovoltaic modules are cooled and formed, and finally transported out from the discharge port.

[0040] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A defoaming device, characterized in that: Placed in the defoaming chamber of the photovoltaic module laminator, including: A power mechanism, fixed to the defoaming chamber; A lever mechanism connected to the power mechanism and acting downwardly on the photovoltaic module (5); A moving ring (313) is provided on the top of the power mechanism, and the moving ring (313) performs a circular motion with a variable diameter; The lever mechanism comprises a connecting rod (314), one end of the connecting rod (314) is provided with a small ball joint (315), and the other end is provided with a large ball joint (316), the small ball joint (315) is arranged in the moving ring (313), and the large ball joint (316) is arranged in the power mechanism.

2. The defoaming device of a photovoltaic module laminator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting arm (317) is provided at the bottom of the large ball joint (316), a pressure rod (318) is provided at the end of the connecting arm (317), and a scraper strip (319) is provided at the end of the pressure rod (318).

3. A photovoltaic module laminating machine, characterized in that: The laminator comprises a laminating machine housing (1), wherein the laminating machine housing (1) is divided into a vacuum chamber (2), a defoaming chamber (3) and a curing chamber (4), wherein the defoaming chamber (3) is provided with a defoaming device according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

4. A photovoltaic module laminating machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vacuum chamber (2) is provided with a vacuum system, a heating system and a pressurizing system. The vacuum chamber (2) is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. A first carrier (21) is provided in the lower chamber. A plurality of auxiliary conveying strips (22) are provided below the first carrier (21). The auxiliary conveying strips (22) include two support frames (221). Conveying rollers (222) are provided at both ends of the support frames (221). A conveying belt (223) is wound around the conveying roller (222). The first carrier (21) is provided with a hole at a corresponding position of each auxiliary conveying strip (22), and the top surface of the conveying belt (223) is flush with the top surface of the first carrier (21).

5. A photovoltaic module laminating machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vacuum system comprises an air inlet (231) located on the inner wall of the upper chamber, and an air extraction port (232) located on the inner wall of the lower chamber; the air inlet (231) is controlled by an air pump, and the air extraction port (232) is controlled by a vacuum pump.

6. A photovoltaic module laminating machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressurizing system comprises a pressing plate (241), the four sides of which are completely in contact with the inner wall of the upper cavity, and the pressing plate (241) is connected to the top of the upper cavity by a plurality of spring rods (242).

7. A photovoltaic module laminating machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating system comprises an electric heater and a heat conducting pipe (25), wherein the heat conducting pipe (25) is laid flat inside the first carrier (21) and avoids an opening of the first carrier (21).

8. The photovoltaic module laminating machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A conveying platform (41) and a temperature control system are provided in the curing chamber (4).

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