The invention relates to a high-maneuvering spherical detection robot, which encloses a movement mechanism and a control device, etc., into a spherical shell and realizes the movement of the whole robot through the barycenter offset and the angular momentum conservation principle. The movement mechanism mainly comprises a support frame, a connection disk, a straight-line drive mechanism, a pivot steering drive mechanism, a telescoping mechanism, etc. The straight-line drive mechanism mainly comprises a drive motor, a gear transmission unit, an executive part, etc., which takes advantage of the barycenter offset to realize the straight-line movement of the spherical robot. The pivot steering drive mechanism comprises a drive motor and an executive mechanism, which takes advantage of the angular momentum conservation principle to realize the pivot steering movement of the spherical robot. The combination of straight-line and steering movements can realize the movement of the high-maneuvering spherical detection robot in any orientation. The telescoping mechanism comprises a drive motor, a screw mechanism, etc., which are used for realize the purpose that cameras at both ends protrude out of and retract into a sphere shell. The spherical robot not only provides a steady platform for installing cameras, but also realizes the pivot steering with flexible movement and strong maneuverability, and the spherical robot can be used for a plurality of tasks such as high toxic gas detection, field environment observation, and planetary exploration, etc.