359 results about "Respiratory motion" patented technology

A method and system is presented for treating moving target regions in a patient's anatomy by creating radiosurgical lesions. The method includes determining a pulsating motion of a patient separately from a determining of a respiratory motion, and directing a radiosurgical beam, from a radiosurgical beam source, to a target in the patient based on the determining of the pulsating motion. Directing the radiosurgical beam to the target may include creating a lesion in the heart to inhibit atrial fibrillation. The method may further include determining the respiratory motion of the patient, and compensating for movement of the target, due to the respiratory motion and the pulsating motion of the patient, in the directing of the radiosurgical beam based on the determining of the respiratory motion and the determining of the pulsating motion.

A system and method for positioning a patient for radiotherapy is provided. The method comprises: acquiring a first x-ray image sequence of a target inside the patient at a first angle; acquiring first respiratory signals of the patient while acquiring the first x-ray image sequence; acquiring a second x-ray image sequence of the target at a second angle; acquiring second respiratory signals of the patient while acquiring the second x-ray image sequence; synchronizing the first and second x-ray image sequences with the first and second respiratory signals to form synchronized first and second x-ray image sequences; identifying the target in the synchronized first and second x-ray image sequences; and determining three-dimensional (3D) positions of the target through time in the synchronized first and second x-ray image sequences.

A method and system for monitoring breathing movement of an infant is disclosed. A method and system for detecting and predictably estimating regular cycles of breathing movements is disclosed. Another disclosed aspect of the invention is directed to detect and report irregularity of breathing activity of an infant, such as cessation and non-periodicity, which suggests a likelihood of SIDS.

Methods and apparatus monitor health by detection of sleep stage. For example, a sleep stage monitor may access sensor data signals related to bodily movement and respiration movements. At least a portion of the detected signals may be analyzed to calculate respiration variability. The respiration variability may include variability of respiration rate or variability of respiration amplitude. A processor may then determine a sleep stage based on a combination bodily movement and respiration variability. The determination of sleep stages may distinguish between deep sleep and other stages of sleep, or may differentiate between deep sleep, light sleep and REM sleep. The bodily movement and respiration movement signals may be derived from one or more sensors, such as non-invasive sensor (e.g., a non-contact radio-frequency motion sensor or a pressure sensitive mattress).

A system for monitoring breathing of a subject, the system comprising: (a) a wearable subject unit comprising: an elastic resistive sensor positionable such that breathing motion of the subject applies mechanical pressure to said elastic resistive sensor, wherein said elastic resistive sensor is configured to change its resistance responsive to the mechanical pressure, and a transmitter configured to wirelessly transmit a signal based on the change in resistance of the elastic resistive sensor; and (b) a platform unit comprising a receiver and being positionable in wireless transmission range with said subject unit, said platform unit configured to receive said signal from said subject unit and to issue an advisory signal indicative of the breathing of the subject.

Radiation treatment of the lung or surrounding tissue during continuous breathing is made possible by preparing a treatment plan linked to motion phase and then synchronizing the plan to motion phase as the patient follows a regular breathing schedule.

A method for non-rigid registration and fusion of images with physiological modeled organ motions resulting from respiratory motion and cardiac motion that are mathematically modeled with physiological constraints. A method of combining images comprises the steps of obtaining a first image dataset (24) of a region of interest of a subject and obtaining a second image dataset (34) of the region of interest of the subject. Next, a general model of physiological motion for the region of interest is provided (142). The general model of physiological motion is adapted with data derived from the first image data set (140) to provide a subject specific physiological model (154). The subject specific physiological model is applied (172) to the second image dataset (150) to provide a combined image (122).

An implantable generating system includes a generator assembly for converting mechanical motion into electrical energy. A linkage assembly, which is mechanically coupled to the generator assembly, converts respiratory motion into mechanical motion.

The invention relates to a respiratory motion detection apparatus (1) for detecting respiratory motion of a person. An illuminator (3) illuminates the person (2) with an illumination pattern (11), and a detector (4) detects the illumination pattern (11) on the person (2) over time. A temporal respiratory motion signal being indicative of the respiratory motion of the person (2) is determined from the detected illumination pattern by a respiratory motion signal determination unit (5). The illumination pattern deforms significantly with slight movements of the person. Thus, since the respiratory motion signal determination unit (5) is adapted to determine the temporal respiratory motion signal from the detected illumination pattern, even slight respiratory movements of the person can be determined. The sensitivity of detecting respiratory movements of a person can therefore be improved.

A human torso phantom and its construction, wherein the phantom mimics respiratory and cardiac cycles in a human allowing acquisition of medical imaging data under conditions simulating patient cardiac and respiratory motion.

Navigator methods are disclosed that are based on detecting a flow-sensitive signal within a subject, and using the position of the signal to track subject motion between imaging sequences. In a disclosed embodiment, the fast-moving blood volume in the left ventricle of the heart is detected and used as a reference point to correct for cardiac motion that results from respiratory motion in a subject. The navigator based on the position of the fast-moving blood volume in the left ventricle may be applied prospectively to shift a subsequent imaging slice to compensate for subject motion, and thereby provide MRI images with increased clarity and resolution.

Biometric identification methods and apparatuses (including devices and systems) for uniquely identifying one an individual based on wearable garments including a plurality of sensors, including but not limited to sensors having multiple sensing modalities (e.g., movement, respiratory movements, heart rate, ECG, EEG, etc.).

Methods and apparatus monitor health by detection of sleep stage. For example, a sleep stage monitor (100) may access sensor data signals related to bodily movement and/or respiration movements. At least a portion of the detected signals may be analyzed to calculate respiration variability. The respiration variability may include one or more of variability of respiration rate and variability of respiration amplitude. A processor may then determine a sleep stage based on one or more of respiration variability and bodily movement, such as with a combination of both. The determination of sleep stages may distinguish between deep sleep and other stages of sleep, or may differentiate between deep sleep, light sleep and REM sleep. The bodily movement and respiration movement signals may be derived from one or more sensors, such as non-invasive sensor (e.g., a non-contact radio-frequency motion sensor or a pressure sensitive mattress).

One or more techniques are provided for gating the acquisition or selection of image data based upon the respiration of a patient. The technique provides for the acquisition of respiratory motion data from the image system or from one or more sensor-based motion determination systems. Various attributes of respiratory motion may be derived from the respiratory motion data and motion thresholds determined from the attributes. Based upon the respiratory motion of the patient and the determined thresholds, image data may be acquired or selected which corresponds to one or more breath-holds by the patient or low respiratory motion quiet periods within the breath-holds. The technique may be implemented in a fully automated or operator assisted or supervised manner.

A respiratory volume/flow monitoring system, including a pneumotach that measures micromovements of a membrane in a MRI environment, gates (triggers) a MRI machine to start image acquisition at specific lung volumes or airflow rates during the breathing cycle or other breathing maneuvers of a patient. The system provides breathing motion artifact suppression for any imaging test susceptible to breathing motion artifact, allows respiratory monitoring of the subject during an MRI procedure, and provides the capability to perform spirometric testing while the subject is in the MRI environment. Embodiments of the invention are also applicable for patients undergoing CT imaging or any other imaging modality that allows external triggering.

The sleep diagnosis device 1 of the present invention comprises three-dimensional acceleration sensors 2a and 2b, a posture detector 5 which detects a posture of the patient from a DC component of the three-dimensional acceleration sensors, and a breathing movement detector 4 which detects a breathing movement of the patient from the AC component of the three-dimensional acceleration sensors. The sleep diagnosis device of the present invention can detect the posture (sleeping posture) and the breathing movement of the patient by using one three-dimensional acceleration sensor, so it is possible to reduce the number of sensors. Furthermore, the sleep diagnosis device can detect the breathing movement accurately by the three-dimensional acceleration sensors.

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) has been a hot topic for years because of the clinical importance of cardiac diseases and the rapid evolution of CT systems. In this application, we disclose a novel strategy for controlled cardiac CT (CCCT) that may effectively reduce image artifacts due to cardiac and respiratory motions and reduce the scan time. Our approach is radically different from existing ones and is based on controlling the x-ray source rotation velocity and powering status in reference to the cardiac motion. By such a control-based intervention the data acquisition process can be optimized for cardiac CT in the cases of periodic and quasi-periodic cardiac motions. Specifically, we present the corresponding coordination/control schemes for either exact or approximate matches between the ideal and actual source positions.

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining a respiration of a subject (305) in which, with a single multi-axial accelerometer (310) positioned on a body of the subject (305), accelerometer signals are generated (101) indicative of the acceleration of the subject (305) along different spatial axes, a vector magnitude signal of the acceleration of the subject (305) along the different spatial axes is calculated (102) from the accelerometer signals, a non-respiratory motion contribution to the acceleration along the different spatial axes is identified (103, 203) from the vector magnitude signal, which non-respiratory motion contribution is not caused by the respiration, and a respiration signal indicative of the respiration of the subject is determined (104, 204) by filtering the non-respiratory motion contribution from at least one of the accelerometer signals. In this way a method is provided which determines the respiration of a subject (305) with a single accelerometer (310) in an efficient and, for a patient, comfortable way.

A method (10) to compensate for cardiac and respiratory motion in cardiac imaging during minimal invasive (e.g., trans-catheter) AVI procedures by image-based tracking (20, 25) on fluoroscopic images.

A device is disclosed for remote monitoring of breathing movements of a patient, comprising a sender transmitting a microwave signal toward the patient, a receiver arranged to receive a signal reflected by the patient, and a processor. The processor mixes the received signal with the transmitted signal and with a signal in quadrature with the transmitted signal to determine a breathing frequency of the patient. In some embodiments, two signals at different frequencies are emitted toward the patient and processed in order to compensate for breathing patterns that are not uniquely resolvable at a single frequency.

A wearable relaxation inducing apparatus comprises either a harness or a garment made of elastically flexible fabric tightly worn on the torso; electromechanical sensors attached to the fabric translating the breathing movements of a wearer into electric signals representing breathing rate and depth; electrically operated transducers attached to the fabric providing tactile feedback to the body about breathing; and electronic circuitry for processing the electrical signals produced by the electromechanical sensors and for operating the transducers at selected adjustable sequences and rates.

The invention relates to a comprehensive feedback type pulmonary rehabilitation assessment treatment instrument. The instrument comprises a central processor (100), a UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter), a switching power supply (102), a thoracoabdominal breathing movement sensor (103), a vital capacity sensor (104), a blood oxygen saturation degree sensor (105), a surface myoelectricity sensor (106), a heart rate sensor (107), an inspiratory muscle force sensor (108), a signal generation module (116), a signal amplification module (113), an abdominal muscle stimulation electrode (109), a phrenic nerve stimulation electrode (110), a voice playing module (111), a WIFI (wireless fidelity) transceiving module (112), an ultrasonic positioning module (114), an oxygen consumption detection module (115), a man-machine interaction module (117) and a data storage module (118). The sensors of the instrument are used for monitoring various indexes including breathing, circulation, myoelectricity and the like respectively; the sensors are independently or unitedly used for various feedback treatment and also sequential low-frequency current stimulation on phrenic nerves on the neck and abdominal muscles, and a patient is trained to master correct and effective breathing movement. Various data are displayed and processed synchronously in real time, so that man-machine interaction is more convenient and more efficient.

A method provides motion corrected MR image data in an MR imaging system. The method employs an imaging method for acquiring k-space data of a k-space data array during an imaging scan and the k-space data represents image data of a patient anatomical region. The method acquires k-space data associated with a central region of the k-space data array and subsequently acquires k-space data external to the central region of the k-space data array. The method acquires a motion signal indicating respiratory motion at least during the acquisition of the k-space data external to the central region and compares the motion signal with a predetermined threshold. The method identifies acquired k-space data corresponding to acquisition periods when the motion signal exceeds the threshold and excludes use of the identified acquired k-space data in image reconstruction using the remaining acquired k-space data.