Method for recovering pressure energy of high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell automobile high-pressure hydrogen storage tank pressure energy recovery method which comprises the following steps: S1, high-pressure hydrogen is fed into a primary hydrogen pressure reduction module through a high-pressure hydrogen output pipeline for primary pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen can be converted into kinetic energy and converted into electric energy through an electric energy storage module for storage; s2, the high-pressure hydrogen treated in the step S1 is divided into two parts, one part of the high-pressure hydrogen is fed into a secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module for secondary pressure reduction, and the other part of the high-pressure hydrogen enters a first hydrogen pressure adjustment transmission pipeline; s3, the high-pressure hydrogen treated in the step S2 is divided into two parts, one part of the high-pressure hydrogen is fed into a third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for third-time pressure reduction, and the other part of the high-pressure hydrogen enters a second hydrogen pressure adjustment transmission pipeline; through cooperation of the multi-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the electric energy storage module, pressure energy of high-pressure hydrogen is converted into electrochemical energy, the electrochemical energy is stored in the storage battery, and waste of the pressure energy in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, and in particular to a method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles use hydrogen as fuel and provide power to the vehicle through the fuel cell system. Currently, most fuel cell vehicles use 35MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks to store hydrogen. Since the hydrogen inlet pressure parameter of the fuel cell system is generally around 1MPa, the hydrogen pressure needs to be reduced from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the fuel cell to meet the use requirements.

[0003] Generally, hydrogen is discharged from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank mainly by converting the internal pressure energy of the tank into flow energy, allowing the hydrogen to flow out into the fuel cell. During the high-pressure hydrogen decompression process, the pressure energy in the high-pressure storage tank is converted into the kinetic energy of the hydrogen and is lost during the hydrogen transmission process, resulting in energy waste, which is equivalent to increasing energy consumption in disguise.

[0004] At present, the pressure recovery and utilization technology of high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks in fuel cell vehicles mainly focuses on converting pressure energy into thermal energy for use. However, the fuel cell system also generates heat that needs to be discharged during operation, so it cannot achieve a good comprehensive utilization of energy. The few technologies that convert pressure energy into storage in batteries are not very feasible. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for recovering the pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, which can improve the energy utilization efficiency of the fuel cell vehicle and reduce the comprehensive energy consumption of the vehicle under the premise of ensuring the safety of the high-pressure hydrogen decompression process.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows.

[0007] A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Send high-pressure hydrogen to the primary hydrogen pressure reduction module through the high-pressure hydrogen output pipeline for initial pressure reduction. In this process, the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen will be converted into kinetic energy and converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module;

[0009] S2, dividing the high-pressure hydrogen after the treatment in step S1 into two parts, one part is sent to the secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module for secondary pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module, and the other part enters the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline to cooperate with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen output pipeline for pressure regulation after the hydrogen pressure reaches a certain value, and finally outputs from the hydrogen output pipeline;

[0010] S3, the high-pressure hydrogen after the treatment in step S2 is divided into two parts, one part is sent to the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for the third pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module; the other part enters the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline after the hydrogen pressure reaches a certain value, and is pressure-regulated in coordination with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen output pipeline, and is finally output from the hydrogen output pipeline.

[0011] In the above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the first-level hydrogen pressure reduction module, the second-level hydrogen pressure reduction module, the third-level hydrogen pressure reduction module and the electric energy storage module are connected in sequence, the first-level hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen input pipeline, and the third-level hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the hydrogen output pipeline; the first-level hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a first-level hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline and a front-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism installed in the first-level hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline; the second-level hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a second-level hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline and a middle-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism installed in the first-level hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline; the third-level hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a third-level hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline and a rear-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism installed in the third-level hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline; a first hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline is also connected between the first-level hydrogen pressure reduction module and the hydrogen output pipeline; the second-level hydrogen pressure reduction module and the hydrogen output pipeline are connected through a second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline.

[0012] In the above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the first-level hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, the second-level hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, and the third-level hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline are coaxially arranged and the pipeline diameters are gradually reduced.

[0013] The above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the electric energy storage module includes a motor shaft installed through the center of a primary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, a secondary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, and a tertiary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, one end of the motor shaft is installed on a motor shaft mounting plate at the inlet end of the primary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, the other end of the motor shaft is connected to a generator arranged outside the tertiary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, and the generator is connected to a battery and supplies power to the battery.

[0014] In the above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the working principle of the electric energy storage module is as follows:

[0015] When high-pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, the hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism will rotate under the action of high-velocity gas, converting the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen into the kinetic energy of the motor shaft, and transferring the kinetic energy generated by the motor shaft to the generator and then converting it into electrochemical energy, and storing the generated electrochemical energy inside the battery.

[0016] In the above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the front-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism, the middle-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism, and the rear-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism have the same structure and are sleeved on the circumferential side of the motor shaft.

[0017] The above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism includes a hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade sleeved on the motor shaft, and a plurality of radially arranged turbine blade spacers are installed on the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade, and the turbine blade spacers are evenly arranged on the same side surface of the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade.

[0018] In the above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, a plurality of buffer holes are provided on the hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blades for alleviating the impact of excessive high-pressure hydrogen on the blades.

[0019] In the above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, a first electromagnetic regulating valve is installed on the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline.

[0020] In the above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, a second electromagnetic regulating valve is installed on the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is as follows.

[0022] The present invention provides a method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. By utilizing the cooperation of a multi-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and an electric energy storage module, the pressure energy of high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is converted into electrochemical energy to the maximum extent and stored in a battery, thereby avoiding waste of pressure energy in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. At the same time, the hydrogen pressure is regulated by cooperating with an electromagnetic regulating valve and a hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline, so that the hydrogen pressure reaches the use pressure requirement, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the fuel cell vehicle, increasing the driving mileage of the fuel cell vehicle, increasing the transportation radius, and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the turbine blade of the present invention.

[0025] Among them: 1. High-pressure hydrogen input pipeline, 2. Motor shaft mounting rod, 3. First-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, 4. Front-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism, 5. Second-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, 6. Middle-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism, 7. Third-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, 8. Rear-stage hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism, 9. Hydrogen output pipeline, 10. Motor shaft, 11. Generator, 12. Battery, 13. First hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline, 14. Second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline, 15. First electromagnetic regulating valve, 16. Second electromagnetic regulating valve, 17. Hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade, 18. Turbine blade spacer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, such as Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0028] S1. High-pressure hydrogen is sent to the primary hydrogen pressure reduction module through the high-pressure hydrogen output pipeline 1 for initial pressure reduction. In this process, the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen will be converted into kinetic energy and then converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module.

[0029] S2. The high-pressure hydrogen treated in step S1 is divided into two parts. One part is sent to the secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module for secondary pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and then converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module. The other part enters the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 13 after the hydrogen pressure reaches a certain value, and is pressure-regulated in coordination with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen output pipeline 9, and is finally output from the hydrogen output pipeline 9.

[0030] S3, the high-pressure hydrogen after the treatment in step S2 is divided into two parts, one part is sent to the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for the third pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module, and the other part enters the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 14 after the hydrogen pressure reaches a certain value to cooperate with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen output pipeline 9 for pressure regulation, and finally output from the hydrogen output pipeline 9.

[0031] The first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the electric energy storage module are connected in sequence, the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen input pipeline 1, and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the hydrogen output pipeline 9.

[0032] The first hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 13 is installed between the first-level hydrogen pressure reducing module and the hydrogen output pipeline 9. The first solenoid regulating valve 15 is installed on the first hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 13, which can send part of the high-pressure hydrogen that meets the conditions in the first-level hydrogen pressure reducing module into the first hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 13 for adjustment to achieve the required hydrogen pressure requirement, and then send it into the hydrogen output pipeline 9 for output.

[0033] The second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 14 is installed between the secondary hydrogen pressure reducing module and the hydrogen output pipeline 9. A second electromagnetic regulating valve 16 is installed on the second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 14, which can send part of the high-pressure hydrogen that meets the conditions in the secondary hydrogen pressure reducing module into the second hydrogen pressure regulating and transmitting pipeline 14 for adjustment to achieve the required hydrogen pressure requirement, and then send it into the hydrogen output pipeline 9 for output.

[0034] The first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3 and a front-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 4 installed in the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3 .

[0035] The secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a secondary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 5 and a middle section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 6 installed in the primary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 5 .

[0036] The three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 and a rear-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 8 installed in the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 .

[0037] The primary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3, the secondary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 5, and the tertiary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 are coaxially arranged and the diameters of the pipelines are gradually reduced.

[0038] The electric energy storage module includes a motor shaft 10 installed through the center of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3, the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 5, and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7. One end of the motor shaft 10 is installed on the motor shaft mounting plate 2 at the inlet end of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3, and the other end of the motor shaft 10 is connected to a generator 11 arranged outside the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7. The generator 11 is connected to a battery 12 and supplies power to the battery 12.

[0039] The motor shaft 10 and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 are sealed by adopting the high-pressure environment main shaft sealing technology.

[0040] The front section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 4 , the middle section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 6 , and the rear section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism 8 have the same structure and are sleeved on the circumferential side of the motor shaft 10 .

[0041] The hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism includes a hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade 17 sleeved on the motor shaft 10, and a plurality of radially arranged turbine blade spacers 18 are installed on the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade 17. The turbine blade spacers 18 are evenly arranged on the same side surface of the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade 17, which can ensure the stability of the turbine blade.

[0042] In order to prevent the high-pressure hydrogen at the inlet of the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 3 from damaging the motor shaft 10, a plurality of buffer holes are provided on the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blades 17 to alleviate the impact of the high-pressure hydrogen pressure on the blades, thereby reducing damage to the motor shaft 10.

[0043] The working principle of the electric energy storage module is as follows: when high-pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline, the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blades 17 will rotate under the action of the high-velocity gas, converting the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen into the kinetic energy of the motor shaft 10, and transferring the kinetic energy generated by the motor shaft 10 to the generator 11 and then converting it into electrochemical energy, and storing the generated electrochemical energy inside the battery 12.

[0044] Based on the above-mentioned method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, one specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0045] Step S1, send the high-pressure hydrogen with an initial pressure of 35MPa through the high-pressure hydrogen output pipeline 1 into the primary hydrogen pressure reduction module for initial pressure reduction. In this process, the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen will be converted into kinetic energy and converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module.

[0046] S2. The high-pressure hydrogen treated in step S1 is divided into two parts. One part is sent to the secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module for secondary pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and then converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module. The other part enters the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 13 after the hydrogen pressure is lower than 15MPa, and is pressure-regulated in coordination with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen output pipeline 9, and is finally output from the hydrogen output pipeline 9.

[0047] S3. The high-pressure hydrogen after treatment in step S2 is divided into two parts. One part is sent to the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for the third pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and then converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module. The other part enters the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 14 after the hydrogen pressure is lower than 25MPa to cooperate with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen output pipeline 9 for pressure regulation, and is finally output from the hydrogen output pipeline 9.

[0048] Specifically, when the hydrogen pressure drops to 25MPa, the second electromagnetic regulating valve 16 opens, and a part of the hydrogen after two pressure reductions enters the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline 7 for further pressure reduction, and the other part is pressure-regulated through the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 14, and finally converges in the hydrogen output pipeline 9. By adjusting the size of the electromagnetic regulating valve switch, the proportion of high-pressure hydrogen passing through the hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline is adjusted, and finally the output hydrogen pressure reaches the use requirements and enters the fuel cell.

[0049] When the pressure drops to 15MPa, the first electromagnetic regulating valve 15 and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 16 are all opened, and a part of the hydrogen after the first-stage pressure reduction enters the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for pressure reduction, and the other part is pressure-regulated through the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 13; a part of the hydrogen after the second-stage pressure reduction enters the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for pressure reduction, and the other part is pressure-regulated through the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline 14, and finally converges in the hydrogen output pipeline 9 to reach the required pressure for use and enter the fuel cell.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. By utilizing the cooperation of a multi-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and an electric energy storage module, the pressure energy of high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is converted into electrochemical energy to the maximum extent and stored in a battery, thereby avoiding waste of pressure energy in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. At the same time, the hydrogen pressure is regulated by cooperating with an electromagnetic regulating valve and a hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline, so that the hydrogen pressure reaches the use pressure requirement, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the fuel cell vehicle, increasing the driving mileage of the fuel cell vehicle, increasing the transportation radius, and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption of the vehicle.

Claims

1. A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. High-pressure hydrogen is sent to the primary hydrogen pressure reduction module through the high-pressure hydrogen output pipeline (1) for initial pressure reduction. During this process, the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and then converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module; S2, dividing the high-pressure hydrogen after the treatment in step S1 into two parts, one part is sent to the secondary hydrogen pressure reduction module for secondary pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module, and the other part enters the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (13) after the hydrogen pressure reaches a certain value, and is pressure-regulated in coordination with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen output pipeline (9), and is finally output from the hydrogen output pipeline (9); S3, the high-pressure hydrogen after the treatment in step S2 is divided into two parts, one part is sent to the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module for the third pressure reduction, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into kinetic energy and then converted into electrical energy for storage through the electrical energy storage module; the other part enters the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (14) after the hydrogen pressure reaches a certain value, and is pressure-regulated in coordination with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen output pipeline (9), and is finally output from the hydrogen output pipeline (9).

2. A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module, the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the electric energy storage module are connected in sequence, the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen input pipeline (1), and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module is connected to the hydrogen output pipeline (9); the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3) and a front-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (4) installed in the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3); the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module includes a second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (5) and a front-stage hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (4) installed in the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3); A middle section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (6) in the hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (5); the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module comprises a three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (7) and a rear section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (8) installed in the three-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (7); a first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (13) is also connected between the first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the hydrogen output pipeline (9); and the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction module and the hydrogen output pipeline (9) are connected via a second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (14).

3. A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3), the second-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (5), and the third-stage hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (7) are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the pipelines are gradually reduced.

4. A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric energy storage module comprises a motor shaft (10) which is installed through the center of a primary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3), a secondary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (5), and a tertiary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (7); one end of the motor shaft (10) is installed on a motor shaft mounting plate (2) at the inlet end of the primary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (3); the other end of the motor shaft (10) is connected to a generator (11) arranged outside the tertiary hydrogen pressure reduction pipeline (7); the generator (11) is connected to a storage battery (12) and supplies power to the storage battery (12).

5. A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The working principle of the electric energy storage module is as follows: When high-pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen pressure-reducing pipeline, the hydrogen pressure-reducing turbine blade mechanism rotates under the action of the high-velocity gas, converting the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen into the kinetic energy of the motor shaft (10), and transferring the kinetic energy generated by the motor shaft (10) to the generator (11) for conversion into electrochemical energy, and storing the generated electrochemical energy in the storage battery (12).

6. A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (4), the middle section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (6), and the rear section hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism (8) have the same structure and are sleeved on the circumferential side of the motor shaft (10).

7. A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade mechanism comprises a hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade (17) sleeved on a motor shaft (10), a plurality of radially arranged turbine blade spacers (18) being mounted on the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade (17), and the turbine blade spacers (18) being evenly spaced and arranged on the same side surface of the hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blade (17).

8. A method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen pressure reduction turbine blades (17) are provided with a plurality of buffer holes for alleviating the impact of excessive high-pressure hydrogen on the blades.

9. The method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first electromagnetic regulating valve (15) is installed on the first hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (13).

10. The method for recovering pressure energy of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second electromagnetic regulating valve (16) is installed on the second hydrogen pressure regulating transmission pipeline (14).

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