Method for improving yield and quality of tomato fruits under high temperature condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under a high temperature condition, which comprises the following steps: putting tomato seeds into a germination accelerating box to grow into tomato seedlings, planting the tomato seedlings in a sunlight greenhouse when the tomato seedlings grow to have four leaves and one core, supplying water to tomatoes, applying fertilizer, preventing diseases and insect pests, and transplanting the tomato seedlings in the middle and last ten days of June when the weather is high temperature. Spraying a glutathione solution on the leaf surfaces of the tomatoes until the tomato fruits are mature; the glutathione is used for treating commonly-cultivated tomatoes, has a remarkable promoting effect on the single fruit weight and the single plant yield of the tomatoes and the content of soluble solids, soluble sugar and vitamin C in the tomatoes, meanwhile, the content of nitrate is reduced, the yield and quality of the tomatoes are effectively improved, technical support is provided for improving the yield and quality of the tomatoes, and the method is worthy of popularization and application. The invention relates to a method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under a high temperature condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tomato planting, and specifically to a method for improving the yield and quality of tomato fruits under high temperature conditions. Background Art

[0002] With global warming, high temperature has become the main constraint on crop production. High temperature can cause morphological, physiological and biochemical damage to plants, delay plant growth and development, and reduce yield and quality. Li Shuhan et al. (2020) showed that high temperature caused a significant decrease in the fresh weight of the whole plant, the dry weight of the whole plant, and the fresh weight of the aboveground parts. Jiang Jiancheng et al. (2023) showed that as the degree of high temperature intensified, the content of soluble protein and soluble sugar in plant leaves showed a trend of gradual increase or first increase and then decrease.

[0003] Glutathione is a low molecular weight thiol that is commonly found in plant and animal cells. Glutathione has unique redox properties and can enhance the resistance and adaptability of plants to adversity. Zhao Liqing et al. (2021) showed that glutathione can increase the stem and leaf length, stem and leaf fresh weight, dry weight, root length, root fresh weight and dry weight of plants. Cai Shizhen et al. (2021) showed that glutathione increases the soluble sugar, soluble protein and free proline content of plants, thereby improving the stress resistance of plants. However, it is still unclear whether the simultaneous treatment of plants with high temperature and glutathione affects their quality and the law of their changes.

[0004] Tomato is one of the main vegetable crops cultivated in my country. Tomato fruit is rich in nutrients, including lycopene, vitamins and minerals. Tomatoes like warmth but are not resistant to high temperatures. They are very susceptible to high temperature stress during summer cultivation. When the temperature exceeds 35°C, it is not conducive to seed germination, seedling and vegetative growth, flowering, fruit setting and maturity, which seriously reduces the yield and quality. This is one of the problems that need to be solved in tomato cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the yield and quality of tomato fruits under high temperature conditions, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Raise seedlings. Put tomato seeds in a germination box to grow into tomato seedlings.

[0008] Step 2: Transplanting: When the tomato seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, they are transplanted into a solar greenhouse. The air humidity in the solar greenhouse is 60% to 80%;

[0009] Step 3: Cultivation: water and fertilize the tomatoes, prevent diseases and insect pests, and spray glutathione solution on the tomato leaves when the weather is hot in mid-to-late June until the tomato fruits are ripe;

[0010] Step 4: Measure and check the tomato fruit yield: yield per plant, single fruit weight; tomato fruit quality indicators: soluble solids, soluble sugars, vitamin C and nitrate content.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 2, the concentration of the glutathione solution is 0.5-1 mmol / L, and the glutathione solution is sprayed at intervals of 5-12 days.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: in a high temperature environment, glutathione is sprayed on tomato seedlings, the influence and regulation law of glutathione on tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions are explored, a method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions is mastered, and technical support is provided for improving tomato fruit yield and quality; glutathione is used to treat commonly cultivated tomatoes, which has a significant promoting effect on the single fruit weight, single plant yield, and soluble solids, soluble sugars and vitamin C contents in the fruit, while reducing the nitrate content, effectively improving the tomato fruit yield and quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a cultivation flow chart of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature and light conditions of the solar greenhouse under high temperature conditions of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of glutathione on tomato yield per plant under high temperature conditions of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of glutathione on the weight of a single tomato fruit under high temperature conditions of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of glutathione on the soluble solid content of tomato fruit under high temperature conditions of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of glutathione on the soluble sugar content of tomato fruit under high temperature conditions of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of glutathione on the vitamin C content of tomato fruit under high temperature conditions of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of glutathione on the nitrate content of tomato fruit under high temperature conditions of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example:

[0023] See also Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for improving the yield and quality of tomato fruits under high temperature conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1: "Aiji 112" tomato was selected as the test material, and different concentrations of glutathione were used to treat tomato plants under high temperature conditions. The air humidity in the solar greenhouse was set at 60% to 80%, water and fertilizer were supplied normally, and reasonable agronomic measures were adopted.

[0025] S2: When the tomatoes grow to four leaves and one heart, they are planted in the solar greenhouse. When the temperature rises in mid-to-late June, different concentrations of glutathione are sprayed on the leaves of the tomatoes until the fruits mature. During this period, normal water and fertilizer supply is guaranteed, and the following indicators are measured:

[0026] (1) Tomato fruit yield: yield per plant and fruit weight.

[0027] (2) Tomato fruit quality indicators: Determination of soluble solids, soluble sugars, vitamin C and nitrate contents. Soluble solids were determined using a DR101 digital saccharimeter, soluble sugars were determined using the anthrone ethyl acetate method, vitamin C was determined using the molybdenum blue colorimetric method, and nitrate content was determined using the salicylic acid sulfuric acid colorimetric method.

[0028] Tomato "Aiji 112" was selected as the experimental material, and different concentrations of glutathione were used to treat tomato plants under high temperature conditions in summer.

[0029] Glutathione (GSH) treatments were as follows: CK: 0mmol / L GSH; T0.5: 0.5mmol / L GSH; T1: 1mmol / L GSH. CK represents spraying of distilled water without glutathione, T0.5 represents spraying of 0.5mmol / L glutathione, and T1 represents spraying of 1mmol / L glutathione solution.

[0030] Specifically, the glutathione concentrations during the glutathione treatment were 0, 0.5 mmol / L, and 1 mmol / L, respectively.

[0031] Depend on Figure 3-4It can be seen that compared with CK, glutathione treatments T0.5 and T1 significantly increased tomato yield per plant and fruit weight per fruit.

[0032] Depend on Figure 5-8 It can be seen that compared with CK, glutathione treatments T0.5 and T1 significantly increased the contents of soluble solids, soluble sugars, and vitamin C in tomato fruits, and significantly reduced the content of nitrate.

[0033] Tomato plants are treated with high temperature and glutathione at the same time to explore the influence and regulation of glutathione on tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions, master a method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions, and provide technical support for improving tomato fruit yield and quality; this embodiment uses high temperature and glutathione to treat commonly cultivated tomatoes, which has a significant promoting effect on tomato single fruit weight, single plant yield, and soluble solids, soluble sugars and vitamin C content in the fruit, while reducing nitrate content, effectively improving tomato fruit yield and quality.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Raise seedlings. Put tomato seeds in a germination box to grow into tomato seedlings. Step 2: Transplanting: When the tomato seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, transplant them into the greenhouse; Step 3: Cultivation: water and fertilize the tomatoes, prevent diseases and insect pests, and spray glutathione solution on the tomato leaves when the weather is hot in mid-to-late June until the tomato fruits are ripe; Step 4: Measure and check the tomato fruit yield and tomato fruit quality indicators.

2. The method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the air humidity in the solar greenhouse is 60% to 80%.

3. The method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the concentration of the glutathione solution is 0.5-1 mmol / L.

4. The method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the glutathione solution is sprayed at intervals of 5-12 days.

5. The method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, check the tomato fruit yield including the yield per plant and the weight of each fruit.

6. The method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, tomato fruit quality indicators include soluble solids, soluble sugars, vitamin C and nitrate content.

7. The method for improving tomato fruit yield and quality under high temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Tomato seed varieties include Aiji 112.

Images