Lower limb fixing device and method capable of adjusting knee bending angle

Abstract

The invention discloses a knee bending angle adjustable lower limb fixing device and method. The knee bending angle adjustable lower limb fixing device comprises a foot fixing unit and an adjusting unit. The foot fixing unit comprises a fixing plate, a fixing piece and a fixing foot piece; a plurality of fixing holes distributed at equal intervals are formed in the fixing plate, the fixing piece comprises a fixing block, a sliding groove, a first through hole and a plug pin, the fixing piece is fixed in the fixing hole through the plug pin, the fixing foot piece comprises a shoe cover, a sliding block and a second through hole, the sliding groove is located in the fixing block and is in sliding fit with the sliding block, and the first through hole is located in the shoe cover. The sliding block is located at the bottom of the shoe cover, the first through hole penetrates through the fixing block, the second through hole penetrates through the sliding block, the knee bending angle can be adjusted by selecting different fixing holes and inserting the plug pins, and therefore the knee bending angle can be conveniently and accurately adjusted by the device, and meanwhile the knee bending angle can be adjusted by rotating the angle of the rotating shaft piece. The device can adapt to leg lengths and bending angles of different patients, and the adaptability of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a medical device, and in particular to a lower limb fixing device and method capable of adjusting the knee flexion angle. Background Art

[0002] Medical treatment usually refers to medical services, which is a general term for various diagnosis, treatment, nursing and other services provided by medical institutions to patients. These services include but are not limited to outpatient diagnosis and treatment, hospitalization, drug supply, etc., which are aimed at helping patients recover their health or relieve their pain. Medical treatment is not only the treatment of diseases, but also includes broader contents such as preventing the occurrence of diseases, promoting health, and improving the quality of life.

[0003] Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee surface replacement, is a treatment method that replaces the joint surface damaged by disease with an artificial meniscus or artificial cartilage through surgical methods. The purpose is to relieve pain, correct joint deformities, and improve joint mobility.

[0004] During knee replacement surgery, lower limb fixation devices are used. These devices usually refer to knee fixation braces or orthoses, which play an important role in knee injuries, surgery or rehabilitation.

[0005] However, the lower limb fixation devices currently used in knee replacement surgery often use a fixed angle design to fix the patient's knee. This limitation makes it impossible to accurately adjust the device according to the individual differences and specific conditions of the patient. Therefore, the patient may feel uncomfortable during the operation or treatment, and even affect the surgical effect to some extent.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lower limb fixation device and method capable of adjusting the knee flexion angle to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a lower limb fixing device and method capable of adjusting the knee flexion angle.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a lower limb fixing device and method with adjustable knee flexion angle, comprising: a foot fixing unit and an adjustment unit; the foot fixing unit comprises: a fixing plate, a fixing piece and a fixing foot piece; the fixing plate has a plurality of fixing holes distributed at equal intervals, the fixing piece comprises a fixing block, a slide groove, a first through hole and a latch, the fixing piece is fixed in the fixing hole by the latch, the fixing foot piece comprises a shoe cover, a slider and a second through hole, the slide groove is located at the fixing block and slidably cooperates with the slider, the slider is located at the bottom of the shoe cover, the first through hole passes through the fixing block, the second through hole passes through the slider, when the slider is completely embedded in the slide groove, the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole, a fixing pin for limiting the sliding of the slider is inserted in the first through hole and the second through hole, and a fixing cap is provided at both ends of the fixing pin, and the adjustment unit is located on both sides of the foot fixing unit, for adjusting the inclination angle of the foot fixing unit.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shoe cover is provided with a fixing bandage for fixing the instep of the patient, and the shoe cover is made of a breathable material.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shoe cover is made of sponge, cotton, or textile products.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting unit includes a rotating shaft, a bracket, a fixing fastener and a screw; the rotating shaft includes a sleeve, a rotating rod and a gear arranged at the rotating rod, one end of the rotating rod is clamped with the fixing plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sleeve, the sleeve has a limit groove, a limit member is slidably connected in the limit groove, the limit member is meshed with the gear, and during the meshing process, the limit member slides up and down in the limit groove as the meshing position with the gear changes.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member includes a limiting tooth, a fixing column, a spring, a connecting block and a limiting cap; the end of the limiting tooth is meshed with the gear, the fixing column is used to connect the limiting tooth and the spring, the other end of the spring is connected to the connecting block, and the connecting block is slidably connected to the limiting groove.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of one side of the limiting tooth is arc-shaped, and the other side is inclined; the rotation direction of the gear is consistent with the direction of the arc side of the limiting tooth.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bracket includes a cross bar and a ring, one end of the cross bar is connected to the shaft sleeve, and the other end is connected to the ring, the inner surface of the ring is provided with a thread matching the screw rod, and one end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the fixing fastener.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross bar is hinged to the collar to accommodate the situation where the two ends of the adjustment unit have different heights.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top and bottom of the crossbar are provided with grooves, and the outer surfaces of the grooves are provided with cushion layers. When the patient lies on the operating table, the non-operated leg can be conveniently placed above or below the crossbar, and the leg can be just embedded in the groove, thereby ensuring comfortable placement and stable support of the leg.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bracket has two groups respectively mounted on both sides of the fixing plate. When the patient's non-surgical leg is embedded in the groove and feels uncomfortable, the bracket at the non-surgical leg can be removed to further ensure the comfort of the leg.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing fastener includes: a U-shaped tooth, an upper top plate, a positioning bolt and an anti-slip pad; the screw is installed on the top of the upper top plate and is connected to the upper top plate through a bearing, the positioning bolt is located at the U-shaped tooth, and the anti-slip pad is fixed to the end of the positioning bolt.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multi-layer anti-slip ring is sleeved on the bottom of the latch, and the anti-slip ring is made of rubber or silicone.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed plate can rotate in only one direction, clockwise or counterclockwise, and the maximum rotation angle is 360*n, wherein n is the number of turns of a single rotation.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for fixing a lower limb with an adjustable knee flexion angle is applied to the above-mentioned lower limb fixing device with an adjustable knee flexion angle, and comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. Rotate the positioning bolt to fix the adjustment unit on the operating table, rotate the screw to adjust the height of the adjustment unit to suit different patients, and then fix the foot fixing unit between the adjustment units in a snap-fit ​​manner;

[0023] S2. According to the individual differences and etiology of the patient, the appropriate bending angle of the patient's knee is obtained, and then the fixing block on the fixing plate is pulled off, and a fixing hole that matches the bending angle is selected, and the fixing block is fixed in the selected fixing hole by a latch;

[0024] S3, putting the shoe cover on the patient's foot, and fixing the shoe cover on the top of the fixing block with the cooperation of the slide groove and the slider, and then inserting the fixing pin into the first through hole and the second through hole to further fix the shoe cover;

[0025] S4. Adjust the direction of the arc side of the gear, determine the rotation direction of the gear, press the fixing plate to change the inclination angle of the fixing plate, and further correct and optimize the bending angle in step S2.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each time the insertion position of the latch is switched to an adjacent fixing hole, the bending angle changes by 5 to 15 degrees.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single tilt angle of the fixing plate is 1-5°.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2), the individual differences include considering the individual differences of the patient's age, gender, weight, height, and muscle strength. These factors will affect the tolerance and bending comfort of the knee; the etiology and condition include understanding the specific etiology of the patient, which includes fracture, arthritis, ligament injury, and the severity of the disease. Different etiologies and conditions have different requirements for the knee bending angle.

[0029] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention is provided with fixing holes, shoe covers, latches and rotating shafts, and when in use, by selecting different fixing holes and inserting latches, the knee bending angle can be adjusted, so that the device can conveniently and accurately adjust the knee bending angle. At the same time, by rotating the angle of the rotating shaft, the device can adapt to the leg lengths and bending angles of different patients, thereby improving the adaptability of the device and meeting the needs of different patients. The cooperation of the slider and the slide groove at the bottom of the shoe cover enables the patient's foot to be firmly fixed, thereby avoiding the movement of the foot during the operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy and safety of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a fixing member of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the rotating shaft member of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a position limiting member in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the latch structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed plate after the angle of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is tilted.

[0038] In the figure: 1. fixing plate; 1.1. fixing hole; 2. fixing member; 2.1. fixing block; 2.2. slide groove; 2.3. first through hole; 2.4. fixing pin; 3. fixing foot member; 3.1. shoe cover; 3.2. slide block; 3.3. second through hole; 4. rotating shaft member; 4.1. shaft sleeve; 4.2. rotating rod; 4.3. gear; 4.4. limiting groove; 5. bracket; 5.1. cross bar; 5.2. collar; 6. fixing fastener; 6.1. U-shaped tooth; 6.2. upper top plate; 6.3. positioning bolt; 6.4. anti-slip pad; 7. screw; 8. limiting member; 8.1. limiting tooth; 8.2. fixing column; 8.3. spring; 8.4. connecting block; 8.5. limiting cap; 9. fixing cap; 10. latch; 11. anti-slip ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a lower limb fixation device and method capable of adjusting the knee flexion angle comprises: a foot fixation unit and an adjustment unit; the foot fixation unit comprises: a fixation plate 1, a fixation member 2 and a fixation foot member 3; the fixation plate 1 has a plurality of fixation holes 1.1 distributed equidistantly; Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the fixing member 2 includes a fixing block 2.1, a slide groove 2.2, a first through hole 2.3 and a latch 10. The fixing member 2 is fixed in the fixing hole 1.1 by the latch 10 to facilitate angle adjustment. A multi-layer anti-slip ring 11 is sleeved on the bottom of the latch 10. The anti-slip ring 11 is made of rubber or silicone material to ensure stability and prevent falling off.

[0044] The fixed foot piece 3 comprises a shoe cover 3.1, a slider 3.2 and a second through hole 3.3. The sliding fit between the slide groove 2.2 and the slider 3.2, the alignment of the first through hole 2.3 and the second through hole 3.3 and the insertion of the fixing pin 2.4 enable the shoe cover 3.1 to be easily and firmly fixed on the fixing block 2.1, thus adapting to feet of different sizes and shapes.

[0045] The slide groove 2.2 is located at the fixed block 2.1 and is slidably matched with the slider 3.2. The slider 3.2 is located at the bottom of the shoe cover 3.1. The first through hole 2.3 penetrates the fixed block 2.1, and the second through hole 3.3 penetrates the slider 3.2. When the slider 3.2 is fully embedded in the slide groove 2.2, the first through hole 2.3 is connected to the second through hole 3.3. The first through hole 2.3 and the second through hole 3.3 are plugged with a fixing pin 2.4 for limiting the sliding of the slider 3.2. Both ends of the fixing pin 2.4 are provided with a fixing cap 9. The adjustment unit is located on both sides of the foot fixing unit and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the foot fixing unit. The slider 3.2 is slidably matched with the slide groove 2.2, so that the shoe cover can be easily fixed on the fixed block. When the slider is fully embedded in the slide groove, the first through hole is aligned with the second through hole, and the fixing pin 2.4 can be inserted to lock it.

[0046] The adjustment unit includes a rotating shaft 4, a bracket 5, a fixing fastener 6 and a screw 7; Figure 4 As shown, the rotating shaft member 4 includes a sleeve 4.1, a rotating rod 4.2 and a gear 4.3 arranged at the rotating rod 4.2. The combination of the sleeve 4.1, the rotating rod 4.2 and the gear 4.3 realizes the adjustment of the tilt angle of the fixed plate 1. The engagement of the gear 4.3 with the limit member 8 ensures the accuracy and stability of the angle adjustment.

[0047] One end of the rotating rod 4.2 is clamped with the fixed plate 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sleeve 4.1. The sleeve 4.1 has a limit groove 4.4, and a limit member 8 is slidably connected in the limit groove 4.4. The limit member 8 is meshed with the gear 4.3. During the meshing process, the limit member 8 slides up and down in the limit groove 4.4 as the meshing position with the gear 4.3 changes.

[0048] Furthermore, when the tilt angle of the fixed plate 1 needs to be adjusted, the user rotates the rotating rod 4.2, which drives the gear 4.3 to rotate, and the rotation of the gear 4.3 drives the limit tooth 8.1 meshed therewith to move. Since the tooth shape of the limit tooth 8.1 is precisely matched with that of the gear 4.3, the limit tooth 8.1 slides up and down along the limit groove 4.4 under the drive of the gear 4.3. This sliding not only realizes the adjustment of the angle, but also limits the range of the angle adjustment through the mechanical structure, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the adjustment.

[0049] The spring 8.3 is connected between the fixing column 8.2 and the connecting block 8.4 to provide a reset force for the limit tooth 8.1. When the gear 4.3 stops rotating, the spring 8.3 will push the limit tooth 8.1 to reset to the initial position to ensure reliable meshing of the limit tooth 8.1 and the gear 4.3. At the same time, the existence of the spring 8.3 also makes the limit tooth 8.1 have a certain buffering effect when it is impacted by external force, protecting the mechanical structure of the entire adjustment unit.

[0050] The bracket 5 comprises a crossbar 5.1 and a collar 5.2. The fixed connection between the crossbar 5.1 and the collar 5.2 and the threaded cooperation between the inner surface of the collar 5.2 and the screw 7 provide a stable support for the device and allow the overall height or position of the device to be adjusted by rotating the screw 7.

[0051] One end of the crossbar 5.1 is connected to the shaft sleeve 4.1, and the other end is connected to the collar 5.2. The inner surface of the collar 5.2 is provided with a thread matching the screw rod 7. One end of the screw rod 7 is rotatably connected to the fixing fastener 6.

[0052] The fixing fastener 6 includes: U-shaped teeth 6.1, an upper top plate 6.2, a positioning bolt 6.3 and an anti-slip pad 6.4; the combined design of the U-shaped teeth 6.1, the upper top plate 6.2, the positioning bolt 6.3 and the anti-slip pad 6.4 enables the device to be firmly fixed on the operating bed or rehabilitation equipment, preventing sliding or falling off during use.

[0053] The U-shaped teeth 6.1 are used to clamp the guardrails on both sides of the operating table. The rotating positioning bolts 6.3 can adjust the position of the anti-slip pads 6.4, thereby fixing the guardrails in the U-shaped teeth 6.1. The anti-slip pads 6.4 are made of rubber or other deformable materials. During the fixing process, the anti-slip pads 6.4 are affected by the pressure and deformed, thereby filling the gap between the U-shaped teeth 6.1 and the guardrails, thereby increasing the contact area, thereby increasing the friction, and providing a guarantee for the stability of the installation.

[0054] The screw rod 7 is installed on the top of the upper top plate 6.2 and connected to the upper top plate 6.2 through a bearing. The positioning bolt 6.3 is located at the U-shaped tooth 6.1, and the anti-drop pad 6.4 is fixed to the end of the positioning bolt 6.3.

[0055] Furthermore, the bearing is fixed to the surface of the upper top plate 6.2 by welding, and the screw 7 is connected to the inner ring of the bearing.

[0056] The limiting member 8 includes a limiting tooth 8.1, a fixing column 8.2, a spring 8.3, a connecting block 8.4 and a limiting cap 8.5; the end of the limiting tooth 8.1 meshes with the gear 4.3, and the cross section of one side of the limiting tooth 8.1 is in an arc shape, and the other side is in an inclined surface shape; the rotation direction of the gear 4.3 is consistent with the direction of the arc side of the limiting tooth 8.1. The design of the arc shape on one side and the inclined surface on the other side ensures that the gear 4.3 can only rotate in the set direction, preventing angle deviation caused by misoperation or reverse rotation.

[0057] The fixing column 8.2 is used to connect the limiting tooth 8.1 and the spring 8.3, and the other end of the spring 8.3 is connected to the connecting block 8.4, and the connecting block 8.4 is slidably connected to the limiting groove 4.4. Spring 8.3 and connecting block 8.4: The elastic action of the spring 8.3 enables the limiting tooth 8.1 to be tightly engaged with the gear 4.3, and the sliding connection between the connecting block 8.4 and the limiting groove 4.4 ensures the stable movement of the limiting member 8 during the engagement process.

[0058] The fixed plate 1 can rotate in one direction, clockwise or counterclockwise, and the maximum rotation angle is 360*n, where n is the number of turns in a single rotation.

[0059] It needs to be further explained here that the cross-section of one side of the limit tooth 8.1 is in the shape of an arc, thereby allowing the gear to slide smoothly over the limit tooth in a certain direction, because the arc surface can provide a gradually changing contact surface, reducing friction and resistance; the other side is in the shape of a bevel, which will generate resistance when the gear tries to rotate in the opposite direction, because the bevel will provide a force in the opposite direction of the gear's rotation, thereby preventing the gear from rotating.

[0060] Furthermore, from the perspective of mechanical principles, the limit teeth use the principles of friction and resistance to control the direction of rotation of the gear. The arc side reduces friction and resistance, allowing the gear to rotate smoothly in this direction; while the bevel side increases resistance and prevents rotation in the opposite direction.

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, a method for fixing lower limbs with adjustable knee flexion angle comprises the following steps:

[0062] S1. Fix the adjustment unit on the operating table by rotating the positioning bolt 6.3, and then rotate the screw 7 to adjust the height according to the patient's needs. Next, clamp the foot fixing unit between the adjustment units to suit different patients, and then fix the foot fixing unit between the adjustment units in a clamping manner;

[0063] S2. According to the individual differences and the cause and condition of the patient, the bending angle suitable for the patient's knee is obtained, and then the fixing block 2.1 on the fixing plate 1 is pulled off, and the fixing hole 1.1 adapted to the bending angle is selected, and the fixing block 2.1 is fixed in the selected fixing hole 1.1 by the latch 10; each time the position of the latch 10 is changed to an adjacent fixing hole 1.1, the bending angle changes by 5 to 15°;

[0064] It is necessary to further explain here that the fixing holes 1.1 are equidistantly distributed on the fixing plate 1. This means that the distance between each fixing hole is equal. When we move the bolt 10 from one fixing hole to an adjacent fixing hole, the position where the bolt is fixed (i.e. the position of the fixing block 2.1) undergoes a fixed displacement in physical space.

[0065] This displacement will cause the position of the foot fixing unit (including the shoe cover 3.1, etc.) connected to the fixing block 2.1 to change relative to the adjustment unit (including the rotating shaft 4, the bracket 5, etc.). Since the adjustment unit is usually fixed on the operating table or rehabilitation equipment, the position change of the foot fixing unit actually reflects the position change of the patient's leg.

[0066] The angle at which the knee bends is determined by the relative position of the thigh bone (femur) and the shin bone (tibia). When the position of the foot fixation unit changes, it transmits force through the patient's ankle and foot, which in turn changes the position of the shin bone relative to the thigh bone, resulting in a change in the angle at which the knee bends.

[0067] Since the fixation holes are evenly spaced, the change in position of the foot fixation unit is fixed each time the pin is moved to an adjacent fixation hole, which results in a uniform change in the knee flexion angle. The magnitude of this change (i.e., the degree of change in the knee flexion angle each time the pin is moved) depends on the distance between the fixation holes, the length of the foot fixation unit, and the specific geometry of the patient's leg.

[0068] S3, putting the shoe cover 3.1 on the patient's foot, and fixing the shoe cover 3.1 on the top of the fixing block 2.1 with the cooperation of the slide groove 2.2 and the slider 3.2, and then inserting the fixing pin 2.4 into the first through hole 2.3 and the second through hole 3.3 to further fix the shoe cover 3.1;

[0069] S4, adjust the direction of the arc side of the gear 4.3, determine the rotation direction of the gear 4.3, press the fixing plate 1, so that the inclination angle of the fixing plate 1 changes, and further correct and optimize the bending angle in step S2).

[0070] It is necessary to further explain here that under normal circumstances, the knee joint has a wide range of flexion activities, but it is generally considered that the normal flexion angle range is between 90 degrees and 135 degrees. This range allows individuals to carry out daily activities, such as squatting, going up and down stairs, etc. It is worth noting that this range may vary due to individual differences, but generally reflects the normal functional state of the knee joint.

[0071] For patients who undergo knee replacement surgery, restoring the flexion angle of the knee joint after surgery is one of the important goals of rehabilitation. Medical standards generally recommend that the flexion angle after knee replacement surgery should reach 90°-120° to ensure that patients can resume basic daily life abilities. This range is set based on the stability and functional recovery requirements of postoperative joint reconstruction.

[0072] In medical research and clinical experience, abnormal knee flexion angles are often associated with a variety of diseases. For example, when the knee flexion angle is less than 90 degrees, it may indicate the presence of knee joint lesions, such as patellar chondromalacia, knee synovitis, etc. On the contrary, if the knee flexion angle is too large and exceeds the normal range (such as more than 135 degrees or even 150 degrees), it may indicate the risk of knee dislocation.

[0073] During the rehabilitation process, as the patient's condition improves and rehabilitation progresses, the bending angle needs to be adjusted dynamically. Doctors and rehabilitation therapists develop personalized rehabilitation plans based on the patient's specific conditions, rehabilitation goals, and treatment feedback, and adjust the bending angle when necessary.

[0074] When the present invention is used, the fixing block 2.1 is placed at an appropriate position on the fixing plate 1, ensuring that the slide groove 2.2 is facing the correct direction, and the latch 10 is used to pass through the first through hole 2.3 of the fixing block 2.1 and the corresponding fixing hole 1.1 on the fixing plate 1 to fix the fixing member 2 on the fixing plate 1. A multi-layer anti-slip ring 11 is sleeved on the bottom of the latch 10 to ensure that the fixing member 2 is stable and does not fall off.

[0075] Connect the slider 3.2 to the bottom of the shoe cover 3.1, ensure that the second through hole 3.3 is aligned with the slider 3.2, align the slider 3.2 with the slide groove 2.2 on the fixing block 2.1, and gently slide it until it is fully embedded. When the first through hole 2.3 is aligned with the second through hole 3.3, insert the fixing pin 2.4 and tighten the fixing caps 9 at both ends to lock it.

[0076] Place the sleeve 4.1 at the proper position of the fixed plate 1, ensure that the limit groove 4.4 faces the correct direction, clamp one end of the rotating rod 4.2 to the fixed plate 1, and rotate the other end to the sleeve 4.1, and ensure that the gear 4.3 is installed on the rotating rod 4.2 and can rotate freely.

[0077] Engage the end of the limiting tooth 8.1 with the gear 4.3, ensure that the arc side faces the set rotation direction, use the fixing column 8.2 to connect the limiting tooth 8.1 and the spring 8.3, and then connect the other end of the spring 8.3 to the connecting block 8.4, slide the connecting block 8.4 into the limiting groove 4.4, and ensure that the limiting member 8 can slide up and down in the limiting groove.

[0078] Connect and fix one end of the cross bar 5.1 to the sleeve 4.1, fix the collar 5.2 to the other end of the cross bar 5.1, and ensure that the thread on the inner surface of the collar 5.2 matches the screw 7, connect and fix one end of the screw 7 to the upper top plate 6.2 of the fixing fastener 6 through the bearing, install the U-shaped tooth 6.1 on the fixing fastener 6, and prepare the anti-drop pad 6.4 and the positioning bolt 6.3.

[0079] Place the device at an appropriate position on the operating bed or rehabilitation equipment, use the fixing fastener 6 to firmly fix the device on the operating bed or rehabilitation equipment, rotate the positioning bolt 6.3 to adjust the position of the anti-drop pad 6.4, clamp the guardrail or the edge of the equipment between the U-shaped tooth 6.1 and the anti-drop pad 6.4, and use the deformation of the anti-drop pad 6.4 to increase the friction force to ensure that it is stable and does not fall off.

[0080] According to the need, rotate the rotating rod 4.2 to adjust the inclination angle of the fixed plate 1, observe the meshing of the stopper 8 and the gear 4.3, and ensure the accuracy and stability of the angle adjustment. After the adjustment is completed, lock the consistent parts to prevent the angle from changing during use.

[0081] S1: Fix the adjustment unit on the operating table through the positioning bolt 6.3, rotate the screw 7 to adjust the height of the adjustment unit to adapt to different patients, and fix the foot fixing unit between the adjustment units in a clamping manner.

[0082] S2: Determine the appropriate knee bending angle according to the patient's condition, remove the fixing block 2.1, select the fixing hole 1.1 that matches the bending angle, and fix the fixing block 2.1 in the selected fixing hole 1.1 through the latch 10. Each time the latch position is moved to an adjacent fixing hole 1.1, the bending angle changes by 5 to 15°.

[0083] S3: Put the shoe cover 3.1 on the patient's foot, and fix the shoe cover 3.1 on the top of the fixing block 2.1 with the cooperation of the slide groove 2.2 and the slider 3.2, and insert the fixing pin 2.4 to further fix the shoe cover 3.1.

[0084] S4: Adjust the direction of the arc side of the gear 4.3, determine the rotation direction of the gear 4.3, press the fixing plate 1, change the inclination angle of the fixing plate 1, and further correct and optimize the knee flexion angle.

[0085] In actual application, users can easily make fine adjustments to the knee bending angle by selecting different fixing holes and inserting pins, ensuring that the device can easily and accurately adapt to the required knee flexion angle. At the same time, by rotating the shaft, the device can flexibly match the leg lengths and specific bending angles of different patients, significantly improving the versatility and personalized adaptability of the device, and fully meeting the needs of diverse patients. The close fit between the slider and the slide groove at the bottom of the shoe cover ensures that the patient's foot can be firmly fixed, effectively preventing any movement of the foot during the operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the operation and the safety of the patient.

[0086] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, people who are familiar with the invention can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the invention. The technical scope of the invention is not limited to the content in the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A lower limb fixation device with adjustable knee flexion angle, comprising: The foot fixing unit and the adjustment unit are characterized in that the foot fixing unit comprises: a fixing plate, a fixing piece and a fixing foot piece; the fixing plate has a plurality of fixing holes distributed at equal intervals, the fixing piece comprises a fixing block, a sliding groove, a first through hole and a latch, the fixing piece is fixed in the fixing hole by the latch, the fixing foot piece comprises a shoe cover, a slider and a second through hole, the sliding groove is located at the fixing block and slidably cooperates with the slider, the slider is located at the bottom of the shoe cover, the first through hole passes through the fixing block, and the second through hole passes through the slider, when the slider is fully embedded in the sliding groove, the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole are plugged with fixing pins for limiting the sliding of the slider, and fixing caps are provided at both ends of the fixing pin, and the adjustment unit is located at both sides of the foot fixing unit for adjusting the inclination angle of the foot fixing unit.

2. A lower limb fixation device with adjustable knee flexion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting unit includes a rotating shaft, a bracket, a fixing fastener and a screw; the rotating shaft includes a sleeve, a rotating rod and a gear arranged on the rotating rod, one end of the rotating rod is clamped with the fixing plate, and the other end is rotatably connected with the sleeve, the sleeve is provided with a limiting groove, a limiting member is slidably connected in the limiting groove, and the limiting member is meshed with the gear. During the meshing process, the limiting member slides up and down in the limiting groove as the meshing position with the gear changes.

3. A lower limb fixation device with adjustable knee flexion angle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting member includes a limiting tooth, a fixing column, a spring, a connecting block and a limiting cap; the end of the limiting tooth is meshed with the gear, the fixing column is used to connect the limiting tooth and the spring, the other end of the spring is connected to the connecting block, and the connecting block is slidably connected to the limiting groove.

4. A lower limb fixation device with adjustable knee flexion angle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of one side of the limiting tooth is in the shape of an arc, and the other side is in the shape of an inclined surface; the rotation direction of the gear is consistent with the direction of the arc side of the limiting tooth.

5. The lower limb fixation device with adjustable knee flexion angle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket includes a cross bar and a collar, one end of the cross bar is connected to the shaft sleeve, and the other end is connected to the collar, the inner surface of the collar is provided with a thread matching the screw rod, and one end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the fixing fastener.

6. A lower limb fixation device with adjustable knee flexion angle according to claims 2 and 5, characterized in that: The fixing fastener includes: U-shaped teeth, an upper top plate, a positioning bolt and an anti-slip pad; the screw is installed on the top of the upper top plate and is connected to the upper top plate through a bearing, the positioning bolt is located at the U-shaped teeth, and the anti-slip pad is fixed to the end of the positioning bolt.

7. The lower limb fixation device with adjustable knee flexion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the latch is sleeved with a multi-layer anti-slip ring, which is made of rubber or silicone.

8. The lower limb fixation device with adjustable knee flexion angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed plate can rotate in only one direction, clockwise or counterclockwise, and the maximum rotation angle is 360*n, wherein n is the number of turns of a single rotation.

9. A method for fixing a lower limb with an adjustable knee flexion angle, based on a lower limb fixing device with an adjustable knee flexion angle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Rotate the positioning bolt to fix the adjustment unit on the operating table, rotate the screw to adjust the height of the adjustment unit to suit different patients, and then fix the foot fixing unit between the adjustment units in a snap-fit ​​manner; S2. According to the individual differences and etiology of the patient, the appropriate bending angle of the patient's knee is obtained, and then the fixing block on the fixing plate is pulled off, and a fixing hole that matches the bending angle is selected, and the fixing block is fixed in the selected fixing hole by a latch; S3, putting the shoe cover on the patient's foot, and fixing the shoe cover on the top of the fixing block with the cooperation of the slide groove and the slider, and then inserting the fixing pin into the first through hole and the second through hole to further fix the shoe cover; S4. Adjust the direction of the arc side of the gear, determine the rotation direction of the gear, press the fixing plate to change the inclination angle of the fixing plate, and further correct and optimize the bending angle in step S2.

10. A method for fixing lower limbs with adjustable knee flexion angle according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each time the insertion position of the latch is switched to an adjacent fixing hole, the bending angle changes by 5 to 15 degrees.

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