Recovery equipment and recovery method based on gas, solid and liquid three-phase flotation

Abstract

The invention provides gas, solid and liquid three-phase flotation recovery equipment. The gas, solid and liquid three-phase flotation recovery equipment comprises a liquid level detector and a separation container, the separation container comprises a fluid inlet, a bottom jet orifice, and an overflow port and an overflow pipe which are arranged in the separation container, and the top of the overflow port is positioned above a gas-liquid interface; a liquid level detector is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the separation container; the liquid level detector is used for monitoring the height of the liquid level in the separation container so as to control the clarified liquid to flow out of the clarified liquid discharge pipe through the clarified liquid discharge outlet; a fine particle discharge port is formed outside the bottom of the overflow pipeline; the fluid inlet is positioned above a gas-liquid interface, and a gas-phase product, a solid-phase product and a liquid-phase product enter the separation container through jet flow to generate rotation; and the bottom flow jet orifice generates rising water flow into the separation container, so that coarse particles and fine particles are subjected to graded flow screening, and the coarse particles sink to the bottom and the fine particles suspend. The invention further provides a gas, solid and liquid three-phase flotation recovery method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flotation separation and recycling, and in particular to a flotation recovery device and a recovery method based on three phases of gas, solid and liquid. Background Art

[0002] Flotation is a separation technology widely used in mineral processing, environmental protection and waste treatment. It is mainly used to separate valuable mineral particles from ores or remove pollutants. In recent years, with the large-scale mining of mineral resources, the reserves of easy-to-mine and easy-to-select mineral resources are decreasing, and the reserves of difficult-to-mine and difficult-to-select resources are increasing. Mineral resources are becoming increasingly poor, fine and mixed. In addition, people's environmental awareness is gradually increasing, and the society has put forward new requirements for the mining industry. Therefore, more green and environmentally friendly mineral processing equipment is needed.

[0003] Gas, liquid and solid three-phase flotation separation equipment is an important production device in mining production. In the traditional flotation process, bubbles are introduced into the ore pulp, and the mineral particles are separated from the liquid phase by the adhesion of the bubbles. This process mainly relies on the interfacial interaction between bubbles and particles to achieve the separation purpose. However, the existing flotation equipment and processes have some problems in dealing with fine and ultrafine minerals, such as low separation efficiency, high energy consumption and complex operation. At the same time, if the flotation effect is to be improved in engineering, it is necessary to increase the input power of the flotation machine and increase the water flow rate, which will not only increase the cost, but also the excessive energy consumption is contrary to the concept of green development. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to design a gas, liquid and solid three-phase flotation recovery equipment with environmental benefits and excellent separation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a low-cost and high-efficiency three-phase flotation recovery device based on gas, solid and liquid.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a three-phase flotation recovery device based on gas, solid and liquid, including: a liquid level detector and a separation container;

[0006] The separation container comprises a fluid inlet, a bottom jet port, an overflow port and an overflow pipe arranged in the separation container, wherein the top of the overflow port is located above the gas-liquid interface; a liquid level detector is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the separation container; the liquid level detector is used to monitor the liquid level in the separation container to control the clarified liquid to flow out of the clarified liquid discharge pipe through the clarified liquid discharge port;

[0007] The fluid inlet is located above the gas-liquid interface, and the gas, solid and liquid three-phase products enter the separation container through the jet and rotate;

[0008] The bottom flow jet port generates an upward water flow toward the interior of the separation container, thereby performing graded flow screening of coarse particles and fine particles, so that the coarse particles sink to the bottom and the fine particles are suspended.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment: the outer wall of the separation container is cylindrical; the fluid inlet is one or more tangential inlets distributed around the cylindrical outer wall.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment: a pressurizer is provided at the fluid inlet to perform pressurization treatment when the solid content in the fluid is too high.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment: a hydraulic pump is provided at the bottom flow jet port, and the hydraulic pump injects water into the separation container in a high-pressure form through a pressure difference.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment: the input pipe of the hydraulic pump is provided with a flow meter and a solenoid valve.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment: the nozzles of the bottom flow jet outlet are arranged in a circular array.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment: the liquid level controller measures the instantaneous pressure in the separation container and adjusts the water pump input flow rate through electrical signal input.

[0015] The present invention also provides a gas, solid, liquid three-phase flotation separation method, based on the gas, solid, liquid three-phase flotation separation equipment as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0016] 1) Feeding process:

[0017] a. The raw materials are first mixed with the minerals to be processed by the mixer, and the mixed materials to be processed are sent to the fluid inlet by the air pump;

[0018] b. The gas, solid and liquid mixture enters through the fluid inlet and can generate rotation inside the separation container;

[0019] 2) Gas-solid separation process:

[0020] a. A rotating, vortex flow is generated inside the gas, solid and liquid mixture; the radial centrifugal force generated by the fluid inlet flows radially inward to the center of the separation container, and the floating layer material enters the overflow port;

[0021] 3) Liquid-solid separation process:

[0022] a. The radial centrifugal force generated by the tangential inlet separates coarse particles from fine particles. Fine particles flow radially inward with the centrifugal force and are discharged from the overflow port. Coarse particles overcome the radial centrifugal force under the action of gravity and fall into the lower clarifying layer, where they are sorted under the action of the rising water flow.

[0023] 4) Underflow discharge process:

[0024] a. The upper floating layer separates coarse particles from fine particles under the action of vortex. Fine particles are discharged to the bottom flow along the overflow port, and coarse particles fall into the liquid layer and are further screened under the action of rising water flow. Coarse particles are discharged from another outlet at the bottom flow.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following benefits:

[0026] The present invention provides a gas, solid, and liquid three-phase flotation separation device. After the material to be processed is stirred and mixed evenly, the gas, liquid, and solid three-phase mixture is sent to the fluid inlet through an air pump. When the solid content is too high, the solid speed is increased by a pressurizer. When the solid content is too small, the pressure is reduced to reduce the incident speed. When the mixture enters the separation container, due to the effect of tangential incidence, an eddy current is generated in the separation container. Under the action of the eddy current, the fine particles move radially inward with the centrifugal force and reach the top of the overflow pipe. From the top of the overflow pipe, they enter the fine particle removal pipe to remove the fine particles. Large particles overcome the centrifugal radial force under the action of gravity and fall into the liquid layer. Tangentially entering the mixture contains gas, solid, and liquid. Some fine particles will agglomerate in the water or adhere to the large particles and fall into the liquid layer together. A bottom jet port for providing rising water flow is installed at the bottom of the separation container. The water flow at the bottom jet port is provided by a water pump through a pressure difference. The connecting pipe between the water pump and the jet port is controlled by an electromagnetic valve and a flow meter. The pressure sensor detects the pressure of the liquid layer in the separation container and feeds back to the electromagnetic valve through an electromagnetic signal. The flow meter is mobilized to control the jet flow rate of the rising water flow. Coarse particles and fine particles are separated under the action of the rising water flow, so that the coarse particles sink to the bottom and the fine particles float on the surface under the action of the water flow. The coarse particles are finally discharged from the solid particle discharge port and the fine particles are suspended on the gas-liquid interface surface. When the liquid level detector detects that the liquid level caused by the rising water flow is too high, the clarified liquid discharge port is opened to discharge the water flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas, liquid and solid three-phase flotation separation device.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tangential jet inlet of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tangential jet inlet of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the automatic control structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom water distribution plate of the present invention.

[0032] The symbols in the figure correspond to the following: 1. liquid level detector, 2. separation container, 3. upper plate, 4. upper floating layer, 5. gas-liquid interface, 6. tangential inlet, 7. flange, 8. fluid inlet, 20. pressurizer, 9 lower clarifying layer, 11. cylindrical outer wall, 12. bottom flow jet, 13. clarified liquid discharge port, 14. clarified liquid discharge pipe, 15. coarse particle discharge port, 16. fine particle discharge port, 18. pressure sensor, 19. overflow pipe, 21. overflow port, 22. bottom column, 23. bottom water inlet, 100. valve, 101. air pump, 102. mixing box, 103 flow meter, 104. valve, 300. computer integrated system, 200. electronic controller, L1. liquid level height, L2. cleaning height, 100. water distribution plate; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "mounted / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a wall-mounted connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] Refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a gas, solid and liquid flotation separation device includes a separation container 2; a fluid inlet is provided at the top of the separation container 2, a liquid level detector 1 is provided at the bottom of the side wall, and a bottom jet port 12 is provided at the bottom of the separation container 2. The fluid inlet 8 includes a plurality of tangential inlets 6 arranged along the tangential direction of the separation container 2. An overflow port 21 and an overflow pipe 19 are also provided in the separation container 2, and the top of the overflow port 21 is located above the gas-liquid interface 5; a liquid level detector 1 is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the separation container 2; the liquid level detector 1 is used to monitor the liquid level height in the separation container 2, so as to control the clarified liquid to flow out from the clarified liquid discharge pipe 14 through the clarified liquid discharge port 13;

[0036] The fluid inlet is located above the gas-liquid interface, and the gas, solid and liquid three-phase products enter the separation container through the jet and rotate;

[0037] The bottom flow jet port generates an upward water flow into the separation container, thereby performing graded flow screening of coarse particles and fine particles, so that the coarse particles sink to the bottom and the fine particles are suspended.

[0038] The gas, solid and liquid mixed particles are stirred evenly by the stirring box 102, and the stirred even particle mixture is sent into the separation container 2 by the air pump 101, and the flow rate is regulated by the valve 100. When the solid content is high, the injection pressure is applied by the pressurizer 20 arranged at the fluid inlet 8, and the fluid inlet 8 may include a plurality of tangential inlets 6 (for example, 2 to 8 inlets). The fluid inlet 8 is distributed around the cylindrical outer wall 11 of the separation container 2. The tangential inlet 6 is preferably located at the top position of the overflow pipe 19. The mixed particles enter the separation container 2 in a tangential manner through the tangential inlet 6. The design of the tangential inlet 6 enables a rotating, rotating flow to be generated when entering the separation container 2.

[0039] The gas-containing feed liquid mixture entering from the tangential inlet 6 is preferably selected to maintain a constant flow velocity at the periphery of the separation container 2 and to generate a rotating, vortex flow (e.g., having a significant tangential velocity component) inside the separation container 2. Once the liquid mixture particles are released into the separation container 2, flotation separation occurs and the gas-filled solids rise to form an upper floating layer 4. The upper floating layer 4 flows axially upward (relative to gravity) and radially inward (relative to the central axis) to the center of the container 2 due to the radial centrifugal force generated by the tangential inlet 6 and the buoyancy generated by the gas bubbles to the center of the container 2, where the floating layer material passes through the top of the overflow port 21.

[0040] The fine particles are then discharged from the separation vessel 2 through the fine particle discharge port 16 located at the bottom of the overflow pipe 19. The lower clarified layer 9 remaining in the separation vessel 2 is recovered as clarified liquid discharge through the clarified liquid discharge port 13. The specific size of the tangential inlet 6 can be adjusted according to the solid content of the feed, the inlet flow rate, etc. For example, for a 1.3m separation vessel, the diameter of the tangential inlet 6 is about 5.1 cm, the diameter of the overflow port 21 is about 10 cm, and the diameter of the clarified liquid discharge pipe 14 is about 10 cm. Depending on the solid content of the feed, the inlet flow rate is typically between 2 tons per hour and 5 tons per hour, and about 50% to 99% (or about 50% to 90%) of the flow is removed as clarified liquid discharge, and about 1% to 50% (or about 10% to 50%) of the flow is removed as fine particle discharge.

[0041] The tangential inlet 6, through which the mixed particles are introduced into the separation vessel 2, is preferably oriented so that the feed enters the vessel at an upward angle (i.e., tangentially and upward relative to gravity). The inclined design of the tangential inlet 6 imparts a rotational flow to the mixed particles entering the vessel 2. Figure 1As shown, the portion of the tangential inlet 6 located within the container 2 is inclined upward (e.g., about 30° to about 60°, or about 45°) relative to a horizontal plane perpendicular to the central axis A. The tangential inlet 6 is preferably connected to the cylindrical outer wall 11 of the separation container 2 by an adjustable flange 212, which allows the entry angle of the tangential inlet 6 to be conveniently selected and adjusted according to a specific application.

[0042] The solid particles entering the separation container 2 through the tangential inlet 6 have different sizes. The fine particles generate vortices in the separation container under the action of the high tangential speed. The fine particles are discharged from the overflow port 21 under the action of centrifugal force, and the coarse particles fall into the lower clarifying layer 9 under the action of gravity. When the concentration of mixed particles is too high, a liquid bridge force will be generated between the particles in the liquid, causing a large number of fine particles to adhere to the large particles. The fine particles will agglomerate and fall into the lower clarifying layer 9 together with the large particles.

[0043] The bottom flow jet port 12 outputs water flow under the action of the water pump, and the particles fall into the lower clarifying layer 9, and the water flow is transported to the inside of the separation container 2 from the bottom water inlet port 23. Under the action of high flow rate, the water flow passes through the bottom flow jet port 12, such as Figure 5 As shown, the water distribution plate 100 is composed of a plurality of bottom flow jet ports 12 with circular holes, and the diameter width of the circular holes is about 1 mm. When the water flows through the circular holes, the flow is accelerated to produce a jet phenomenon, so that under the upward water flow lift, large particles sink to the bottom and light particles are suspended to the gas-liquid interface 5 with the rising water flow. When the pressure sensor 18 detects the pressure increase, it will send the received pressure to the proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller, which can be electronically interfaced with the measuring device to determine (e.g., pressure sensor) and adjust the outlet flow device (e.g., proportional valve). The gain constant of the controller can be set using any or multiple known adjustment methods (e.g., manual adjustment, software adjustment using a preprogrammed algorithm). The resulting separation process can operate continuously without interruption (e.g., without a cleaning process or other intermittent process to reset the container conditions, such as batch filling or batch drainage operations). Alternatively, the separation process can run for a long time between intermittent reset processes (such as cleaning or batch drainage / filling processes). Minimizing such intermittent processes can increase the net throughput of the entire process.

[0044] By executing a continuous cycle of the control process and then the cleaning process, the container cleaning is integrated into the entire separation process. Similar to the control process, the cleaning process is also a closed-loop process, monitoring the instantaneous height L1 of the contents of the separation container 2. During the cleaning process, a cleaning height L2 greater than L1 is selected. Indicates that the increased set point height will increase the flow through the overflow port 21 and flush the accumulated suspended solids from the separation container 2. At this time, the tangential inlet 6 feed is stopped, and the flow rate of the bottom flow jet port 12 increases, so that the gas-liquid interface 5 quickly rises to the height of the overflow port 21, and the fine particles flow into the overflow pipe 19 along the overflow port 21 and are discharged from the fine particle discharge port 16.

[0045] The cleaning height is suitably selected so that the height ratio (L2-L1) / L1 is about 5% or more, such as about 10% or more, about 5% to about 25%, or about 10% to about 10%. Such a substantial reduction in cleaning time increases the net average solids concentration of the fine particle discharge.

[0046] Figure 4 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a separation system suitable for performing the disclosed separation process, for example using a separation vessel 2. Valve 100 and a valve 104 (e.g., a proportional valve) communicate with the mixed particle fluid delivered to the separation vessel 2 through the fluid inlet. Similarly, flow meter 103 and a valve 104 (e.g., a proportional valve) communicate with the clarified fluid discharge leaving the separation vessel 2 through the fluid outlet. Valve 104 more generally represents any device suitable for regulating the flow rate of fluid flowing out of the separation vessel through the fluid outlet (i.e., clarified fluid discharge), for example including any known fluid mechanical means for applying / releasing back pressure on a flow line, changing the cross-sectional area available for flow, etc.

[0047] A method for realizing gas, liquid and solid flotation separation, using the above separation equipment, comprises the following steps:

[0048] Feeding process:

[0049] a. Mining development often produces particles with uneven particle size distribution. After preliminary screening, the particles are poured into the mixing box 102 for uniform mixing. The particle mixture is sent to the separation container 2 through the hydraulic pump 101, and the flow rate of the gas, solid and liquid mixture is controlled by the valve 100.

[0050] b. The gas, solid and liquid mixture enters through the fluid inlet 8. When the solid content is too high, the pressurizer 20 at the fluid inlet pipe will pressurize the gas, solid and liquid mixture, thereby increasing the incident speed of the mixture and generating rotation inside the separation container.

[0051] Gas-solid separation process:

[0052] a. The gas, solid and liquid mixture preferably maintains a high-speed flow around the outer periphery of the separation container 2, i.e., the cylindrical outer wall 11, and generates a rotating, vortex flow inside. The radial centrifugal force generated by the tangential inlet 6 flows radially inward to the center of the separation container 2, and the floating layer material enters the overflow port 21 through the top of the overflow port 21.

[0053] Liquid-solid separation process:

[0054] a. The radial centrifugal force generated by the tangential inlet 6 separates coarse particles from fine particles. The fine particles flow radially inward along the centrifugal force and are discharged from the overflow port 21. The coarse particles overcome the radial centrifugal force under the action of gravity and fall into the lower clarifying layer 9, where they are sorted under the action of the rising water flow.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation mode of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any technical equivalent changes made using the contents of the present invention specification shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-phase flotation recovery device based on gas, solid and liquid, characterized in that include: Liquid level detector and separation container; The separation container comprises a fluid inlet, a bottom jet port, an overflow port and an overflow pipe arranged in the separation container, wherein the top of the overflow port is located above the gas-liquid interface; a liquid level detector is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the separation container; the liquid level detector is used to monitor the liquid level in the separation container to control the clarified liquid to flow out of the clarified liquid discharge pipe through the clarified liquid discharge port; a fine particle discharge port is arranged outside the bottom of the overflow pipe; The fluid inlet is located above the gas-liquid interface, and the gas, solid and liquid three-phase products enter the separation container through the jet and rotate; The bottom flow jet port generates an upward water flow toward the interior of the separation container, thereby performing graded flow screening of coarse particles and fine particles, so that the coarse particles sink to the bottom and the fine particles are suspended.

2. The gas-solid-liquid three-phase flotation recovery equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the separation container is cylindrical; the fluid inlet is one or more tangential inlets distributed around the cylindrical outer wall.

3. The gas-solid-liquid three-phase flotation recovery equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pressurizer is provided at the fluid inlet to perform pressurization when the solid content in the fluid is too high.

4. The gas-solid-liquid three-phase flotation recovery equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A hydraulic pump is arranged at the bottom flow jet port, and the hydraulic pump injects water into the separation container in a high-pressure form through a pressure difference.

5. The gas-solid-liquid three-phase flotation recovery equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The input pipe of the hydraulic pump is provided with a flow meter and a solenoid valve.

6. The gas-solid-liquid three-phase flotation recovery equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nozzles of the bottom flow jet outlet are arranged in a circular array.

7. The gas-solid-liquid three-phase flotation recovery equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid level controller measures the instantaneous pressure in the separation container and adjusts the water pump input flow rate through electrical signal input.

8. A gas, solid and liquid three-phase flotation separation method, characterized in that: The gas, solid and liquid three-phase flotation separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: 1) Feeding process: a. The raw materials are first mixed with the minerals to be processed by a mixer, and the mixed materials to be processed are sent to the fluid inlet by an air pump; b. The gas, solid and liquid mixture enters through the fluid inlet and can generate rotation inside the separation container; 2) Gas-solid separation process: a. A rotating, vortex flow is generated inside the gas, solid and liquid mixture; the radial centrifugal force generated by the fluid inlet flows radially inward to the center of the separation container, and the floating layer material enters the overflow port; 3) Liquid-solid separation process: a. The radial centrifugal force generated by the tangential inlet separates coarse particles from fine particles. Fine particles flow radially inward with the centrifugal force and are discharged from the overflow port. Coarse particles overcome the radial centrifugal force under the action of gravity and fall into the lower clarifying layer, where they are sorted under the action of the rising water flow. 4) Underflow discharge process: a. The upper floating layer separates coarse particles from fine particles under the action of vortex. Fine particles are discharged to the bottom flow along the overflow port, and coarse particles fall into the liquid layer and are further screened under the action of rising water flow. Coarse particles are discharged from another outlet at the bottom flow.

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