Method for processing wheel spoke punching, punching punch and tooling

Abstract

The application relates to a processing method of wheel spoke punching, a punching punch and a tool, the wheel spoke punching is realized through the punching punch, a processing surface of the wheel spoke has a plurality of stress concentration zones, a punch of the punching punch has a plurality of convex blade parts corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration zones; the processing method comprises the following steps: mounting the wheel spoke on the punching tool, and setting the convex blade parts of the punching punch and the stress concentration zones of the wheel spoke one by one in a punching direction, and completing the processing of the wheel spoke punching according to a preset punching force. The application can reduce the cracking of the wheel spoke heat dissipation hole, and improve the fatigue life of the wheel spoke.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wheel manufacturing, and in particular to a processing method for punching holes in wheel spokes, a punching punch, and a tooling. Background Art

[0002] Currently, vehicle wheels may experience tire leaks, spoke cracking, tire wear, and vibration after prolonged use. Cracking of spoke holes (e.g., heat dissipation holes) is a common failure mode. Continued driving in this failure mode can cause the wheel spoke base to separate from the rim, leading to vehicle rollover and significant safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above description, the present application provides a wheel spoke punching processing method, a punching punch and a tooling to solve the current problem of cracking of the spoke heat dissipation holes.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present application, a method for punching a wheel spoke is provided, wherein the wheel spoke punching is achieved by a punching punch, wherein the machined surface of the wheel spoke has a plurality of stress concentration areas, and the punch of the punching punch has a plurality of convex blades corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas;

[0005] The processing method includes: installing the spoke on a punching tool, and aligning the convex blade portion of the punching punch with the stress concentration area of ​​the spoke along the punching direction, and completing the spoke punching processing according to a preset blanking force.

[0006] In one or more embodiments, the machined surface of the spoke is a concave curved surface, and the multiple stress concentration areas are distributed on the concave curved surface.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the machined surface of the spoke has four symmetrically distributed stress concentration areas, and the punch has four symmetrically distributed convex blade portions.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, the cutting edge profile of the punch is an annular wavy surface to realize the multiple convex cutting edges.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the diameter of the cutting edge profile of the punch is in the range of 30 mm to 70 mm.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the maximum height difference H of the cutting edge profile of the punch is 0.5tt, where t represents the material thickness at the machined surface of the spoke.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the calculation formula of the preset blanking force is as follows:

[0012] P1=0.5×(t / H)×P

[0013] Wherein, P1 is the preset blanking force, H is the maximum height difference of the cutting edge profile of the punch, t is the material thickness at the machined surface of the spoke, and P is the blanking force of the flat-edge punch.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, the method further includes determining various stress concentration areas of the spokes through a CAE analysis method.

[0015] According to the second aspect of the present application, a punching punch is provided for implementing the processing method as described in any of the aforementioned embodiments, wherein the processing surface of the spoke has multiple stress concentration areas; and the punch of the punching punch has multiple convex blade portions corresponding to the multiple stress concentration areas.

[0016] According to a third aspect of the present application, a punching tool is provided, comprising the punching punch as described in the above embodiment.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] In the aforementioned wheel spoke punching method, punching punch, and tooling, the spoke punching is achieved using the punching punch. The spoke's surface has multiple stress concentration areas, and the punching punch's cutting edge has multiple convex blades corresponding to these stress concentration areas. During processing, the punching punch's convex blades are aligned with the spoke's stress concentration areas along the punching direction, completing the spoke punching process according to a preset blanking force. This improves the cross-sectional quality of the heat dissipation hole's stress concentration areas, thereby increasing the fatigue life of the spoke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a punching tool for spoke heat dissipation holes in the related art;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the punching die for the heat dissipation holes in the spokes in the related art;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spokes after the heat dissipation holes are punched in the related art;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the use of a punching punch provided in one embodiment of the present application in processing heat dissipation holes in a wheel spoke;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the processed surface of the spoke in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the punching punch in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings provide embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0027] It is understood that, when used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" may also include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It is also understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" and the like specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a punching tool for spoke heat dissipation holes in the related art is shown. Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the punching die for the heat dissipation holes of the spokes in the related art is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the spokes after heat dissipation holes are punched in the related art is shown.

[0029] See Figures 1 to 3 In the related art, the spoke heat dissipation hole punching tool 10 includes an upper mounting seat 11 and a lower mounting seat 12. The upper mounting seat 11 is equipped with a punch 111, and the lower mounting seat 12 is equipped with a die 112. The punch of the punch 111 is a flat blade, which can be used to punch the heat dissipation hole k on the spoke 20. When the punch 111 is working, it is affected by the surface of the spoke 20 and punches holes from both sides to the middle of the spoke 20. Figure 3 Large bright bands form in the first and second regions r1 and r2, representing shear sections with good quality. Other sections are tear sections with poor quality. However, in commercial spokes, the failure site of the heat dissipation holes overlaps with the tear section, posing a high risk of cracking due to punching.

[0030] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a processing method, a punching punch, and a tooling for punching holes in wheel spokes, which can reduce the cracking of the heat dissipation holes in the wheel spokes and improve the fatigue life of the spokes.

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a punching punch provided in one embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5A partial structural schematic diagram of the processed surface of the spoke in an embodiment of the present application is shown. For ease of explanation, only the part related to this embodiment is shown.

[0032] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 One embodiment of the present application provides a punching punch 30 for implementing the method for punching a wheel spoke 20 provided in one embodiment of the present application. The machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 has multiple stress concentration areas 21a, and the punch head 31 of the punching punch 30 has multiple convex blades 31a corresponding to the stress concentration areas 21a.

[0033] It should be noted that, while the cross-sectional shape of the existing spoke 20 remains unchanged, analysis has determined that the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 has multiple stress concentration areas 21a. The cutting edge of the punch 30 is designed to include multiple convex cutting edges 31a corresponding to these stress concentration areas 21a. The stress concentration areas 21a are regions of the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 where significant concentrated stress is generated during the machining of the heat dissipation holes k. This improves the cross-sectional quality of the punched stress concentration areas 21a, thereby increasing the fatigue life of the spoke 20.

[0034] Continue reading Figure 4 and Figure 5 One embodiment of the present application provides a method for punching holes in wheel spokes. The spokes 20 are punched using a punching punch 30. The processing surface 21 of the spoke 20 has multiple stress concentration areas 21a, and the punch head 31 of the punching punch 30 has multiple convex blades 31a corresponding to the stress concentration areas 21a. The method includes mounting the spoke 20 on a punching fixture, aligning the convex blades 31a of the punching punch 30 with the stress concentration areas 21a of the spoke 20 along the punching direction, and completing the punching of the spoke 20 according to a predetermined blanking force.

[0035] In this embodiment, the convex blade portion 31a of the punching punch 30 is aligned with the stress concentration area 21a of the spoke 20 along the punching direction, completing the punching process of the spoke 20 according to a preset blanking force. This allows the punching punch 30 to adjust the position of the bright band of the heat dissipation hole k when punching the heat dissipation hole k in the spoke 20, improving the cross-sectional quality of the stress concentration area 21a while reducing the overall width of the tear zone. Ultimately, this improves the reliability of the heat dissipation hole k and reduces the risk of cracking in the heat dissipation hole k.

[0036] In some embodiments, the processing method of the present application further includes determining the stress concentration areas 21a of the spokes 20 using CAE analysis. Specifically, after the spokes 20 are finalized, the stress distribution around the heat dissipation holes is determined using CAE analysis. Combined with the failure areas of heat dissipation holes in commercially available spokes 20, the stress concentration areas 21a of the spokes 20 are determined. This facilitates determining the position of the convex blade portion 31a of the punch 31 and designing the punch 30.

[0037] Continue reading Figure 4 , and combined with Figure 5 In some embodiments, the machining surface 21 of the spoke 20 is a concave curved surface, and a plurality of stress concentration areas 21a are distributed on the concave curved surface. Thus, during machining, the convex blade portion 31a of the punch 31 first contacts the Figure 5 The stress concentration areas 21a shown in the figure are used to improve the cross-sectional quality of these stress concentration areas 21a, while reducing the overall width of the tearing zone and reducing the risk of cracking of the heat dissipation hole k.

[0038] Continue reading Figure 4 and Figure 5 , and combined with Figure 6 In some embodiments, the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 has four symmetrically distributed stress concentration areas 21 a , and the punch 31 has four symmetrically distributed convex blade portions 31 a .

[0039] Specifically, Figure 5 Four symmetrically distributed stress concentration areas 21a are shown in FIG. Figure 6 The figure shows four symmetrically distributed raised blades 31a. Thus, during processing, the four raised blades 31a of the punch 31 are positioned one by one in the four stress concentration areas 21a of the spoke 20 along the punching direction. As the punch 31 descends, the four stress concentration areas 21a are first squeezed by the four raised blades 31a, forming a smooth shear cross-section. The remaining areas are then gradually stretched and torn, completing the entire punching operation.

[0040] Continue reading Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is an annular wavy surface s, thereby forming multiple convex cutting edges 31a. Specifically, by configuring the cutting edge profile of the punching punch 30 as an annular wavy surface s, alternating convex cutting edges 31a and concave cutting edges can be formed. Thus, during the punching process, the stress concentration area 21a is squeezed by the alternating convex and concave cutting edges, facilitating the formation of a smooth shear cross-section. This gradually stretches and tears other areas, improving the cross-sectional quality of the stress concentration area 21a while reducing the overall tear zone width, ultimately enhancing the reliability of the heat dissipation hole k.

[0041] Furthermore, the diameter of the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is within the range of 30 mm to 70 mm. Specifically, the diameter of the heat dissipation hole of the spoke 20 is 70 mm. To prevent material necking at the heat dissipation hole k and to ensure that the force on the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 is minimized before the low point of the cutting edge begins working, the punch 31 is designed with an undulating annular wavy surface s within a diameter range of 30 mm to 70 mm, 40 mm to 70 mm, or 50 mm to 70 mm. Depending on the actual situation, the material within the inner wavy line can be retained or removed.

[0042] In some embodiments, the maximum height difference H of the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is 0.5tt, where t represents the material thickness at the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20. Specifically, the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 is designed as an annular wave surface s, with a height difference of 0.5tt between the crest and trough of the annular wave surface s, thereby forming multiple convex cutting edges 31a and multiple concave cutting edges. Furthermore, the height difference H between the crest and trough of the annular wave surface s is set to 0.5t-0.7t, which can effectively reduce blanking force and production site noise.

[0043] In some embodiments, the calculation formula for the preset blanking force is as follows:

[0044] P1=0.5×(t / H)×P

[0045] Wherein, P1 is the preset blanking force, H is the maximum height difference of the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 , t is the material thickness at the machined surface 21 of the spoke 20 , and P is the blanking force of the flat-edge punch 111 .

[0046] Specifically, CAE analysis and market failure analysis determined that multiple stress concentration areas 21a of the spokes 20 are prone to cracking and contribute to high noise levels in the production process. In this embodiment, the spoke 20's heat dissipation hole k (i.e., the machined surface 21) has a variable cross-section, a material thickness t ranging from 5 mm to 10 mm, and a maximum height difference H of the cutting edge profile of the punch 31 ranging from 2.5 mm to 10 mm. Consequently, the preset blanking force P1 is calculated to be 50% to 100% of the blanking force P of a flat-edged punch, reducing both blanking force and noise levels in the production workshop.

[0047] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a punching tool 100 , comprising the punching punch 30 as in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0048] In summary, this embodiment uses CAE analysis and market failure analysis to determine the stress concentration area 21a of the spoke 20. This determines the position of the convex blade portion 31a of the punch 31 (i.e., the wave crest position of the annular wave surface s), and designs the punching punch 30. During processing, the multiple convex blade portions 31a of the punch 30 are aligned one by one with the multiple stress concentration areas 21a of the spoke 20 along the punching direction, and the heat dissipation holes k are processed according to a preset blanking force. Compared to processing the heat dissipation holes k in the spoke 20 using a conventional flat-edge punch 111, this embodiment of the present application can adjust the position of the bright band of the heat dissipation hole k, improve the cross-sectional quality of the stress concentration area 21a, and reduce the overall width of the tear band. Ultimately, this improves the reliability of the heat dissipation hole k and reduces the risk of cracking in the heat dissipation hole k. It also effectively reduces blanking force and production site noise.

[0049] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A wheel spoke punching method, characterized in that: The spoke punching is achieved by a punching punch, the machined surface of the spoke has a plurality of stress concentration areas, and the punch of the punching punch has a plurality of convex blades corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas; The processing method includes: installing the spoke on a punching tool, and aligning the convex blade portion of the punching punch with the stress concentration area of ​​the spoke one by one along the punching direction, and completing the spoke punching processing according to a preset blanking force; the processing surface of the spoke is a concave curved surface, and the multiple stress concentration areas are distributed on the concave curved surface.

2. The wheel spoke punching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machined surface of the spoke has four symmetrically distributed stress concentration areas, and the punch has four symmetrically distributed convex blade portions.

3. The wheel spoke punching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge profile of the punch is an annular wavy surface to realize the multiple convex cutting edges.

4. The wheel spoke punching method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the cutting edge of the punch is in the range of 30 mm to 70 mm.

5. The wheel spoke punching method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum height difference H of the cutting edge profile of the punch is 0.5tt, wherein t represents the material thickness at the machined surface of the spoke.

6. The wheel spoke punching processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the preset blanking force is as follows: P1=0.5×(t / H)×P Wherein, P1 is the preset blanking force, H is the maximum height difference of the cutting edge profile of the punch, t is the material thickness at the machined surface of the spoke, and P is the blanking force of the flat-edge punch.

7. The wheel spoke punching method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: The various stress concentration areas of the spokes are determined by CAE analysis method.

8. A punching punch for implementing the processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The processed surface of the spoke has a plurality of stress concentration areas; the punch of the punching punch has a plurality of convex blade portions corresponding to the plurality of stress concentration areas.

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