Complex structure heat exchange device and additive manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat exchange device with a complex structure and an additive manufacturing method thereof. The heat exchange device comprises a hemispherical base of a cavity structure, a cold water inlet is formed in the lower end of the hemispherical base, and a plurality of water outlet hole channels are formed in the upper end of the hemispherical base; the upper end of the semispherical base is connected with a hollow columnar thin shell structure, and a to-be-cooled liquid inlet and a to-be-cooled liquid outlet are formed in the directions, away from each other, of the upper end and the lower end of the side wall of the hollow columnar thin shell structure; the upper end of the hollow columnar thin shell structure is connected with a hemispherical top cover of a cavity structure, a hot water outlet is formed in the upper end of the hemispherical top cover, and a plurality of water inlet hole channels are formed in the lower end of the hemispherical top cover. The multi-stage branch structure flow channel combination body is arranged in the hollow columnar thin shell structure after passing through the array, a water inlet of the multi-stage branch structure flow channel combination body is communicated with a water outlet hole channel in the hemispherical base, and a water outlet of the multi-stage branch structure flow channel combination body is communicated with a water inlet hole channel in the hemispherical top cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additively manufactured heat exchangers, and in particular to a heat exchange component with a complex structure and an additive manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A heat exchanger is an energy-saving device that transfers heat between two or more fluids at different temperatures without mixing the fluids. It can transfer heat from a higher temperature fluid to a lower temperature fluid so that the fluid temperature reaches the specified index of the process to meet the needs of process conditions. It is also one of the main devices for recycling fluid thermal energy and improving energy utilization. As the core of the first law of thermodynamics, heat transfer has always been an omnipresent challenge, and the efficiency of heat transfer is affected by the structure of the heat exchanger. Traditional heat exchanger structural designs are mostly single straight or curved channels. Although the manufacturing process is relatively simple, its heat exchange efficiency is limited, and it is difficult to meet the needs of efficient heat exchange and complex working conditions.

[0003] Biological structures in nature, especially termite nests, have a unique multi-level branching structure that enables efficient temperature regulation, providing an ideal template for heat exchange structure design. Termite nests gradually cool the hot air flow blown in from the outside through their external curved small channels. When the gas reaches the central main channel, the temperature has dropped significantly. This multi-level branching heat exchange structure significantly improves the cooling efficiency of the air flow while ensuring the stability of the ant nest structure.

[0004] At present, the manufacturing method of traditional heat exchangers is difficult to accurately construct such a complex microchannel structure, and usually relies on welding and bolting, which can easily lead to stress concentration and fatigue damage of the structure, affecting the service life and reliability. With the development of additive manufacturing technology, especially the emergence of laser powder bed melting technology, new possibilities have been provided for the precise manufacturing of complex microchannel structures. This technology can form complex three-dimensional structures in one go without welding or bolting by printing layer by layer, greatly improving the integrity and precision of the complex structure. Therefore, it is expected to be used to prepare bionic heat exchange devices with complex structures. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problem that the heat exchange efficiency of the traditional structure heat exchanger needs to be improved and the complex structure heat exchanger is difficult to prepare through traditional processes, this complex structure heat exchanger imitates the multi-level branch structure of the ant nest to achieve uniform heat distribution and improve heat exchange performance, which can better meet the industry's requirements for heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the grid-like reinforcement ribs are used to achieve higher structural strength.

[0006] A heat exchange device with a complex structure comprises a hemispherical base with a cavity structure, a cold water inlet is arranged at the lower end of the hemispherical base, and a plurality of water outlet channels are arranged at the upper end of the hemispherical base; The upper end of the hemispherical base is connected to a hollow cylindrical thin shell structure, and the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure are provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet to be cooled in a direction away from each other; The upper end of the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure is connected to a hemispherical top cover with a cavity structure, the upper end of the hemispherical top cover is provided with a hot water outlet, and the lower end of the hemispherical top cover is provided with a plurality of water inlet channels; The multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is arranged inside the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure after being arrayed, and the water inlet of the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is connected to the water outlet channel on the hemispherical base, and the water outlet of the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is connected to the water inlet channel on the hemispherical top cover.

[0007] An additive manufacturing method for a heat exchange component with a complex structure comprises the following steps: Step 101. Perform printing preprocessing, i.e., slicing processing, to generate layered contour data and deposition work routes; Step 102. First, pure copper powder is used as the material to print a hemispherical substrate by laser powder bed fusion technology; Then print the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly; Printing of hollow cylindrical thin shell structures; Printing of hemispherical top cover; The laser printing parameters were: spot diameter 1 mm, laser power 650 W, scanning speed 200 mm / min, and protective gas flow rate 10 L / min; Step 103: Using steel alloy powder as material, printing grid-shaped reinforcement ribs by laser powder bed fusion technology; The printing parameters of the steel hollow mesh structure are: spot diameter 1mm, laser power 500W, scanning speed 350mm / min, powder feeding rate 20g / min, protective gas flow rate 10L / min, and powder carrier gas flow rate 12L / min.

[0008] After passing through one end of the hemispherical base, the cold water enters the hemispherical top cover after passing through the multi-stage branch structure flow channel assembly, and fully absorbs the heat of the liquid to be cooled.

[0009] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention imitates the multi-level branch structure of an ant nest to achieve uniform heat distribution and improved heat exchange performance, which can better meet the industry's requirements for heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the grid-like reinforcement ribs are used to achieve higher structural strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a termite nest; Figure 2 It is the overall schematic diagram of the regular octahedral split-flow pipeline; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bulge inside the pipe; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] In order to make the purpose, processing design scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the design scheme and manufacturing method in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiment drawings in the present application.

[0012] As shown in the figure, a complex structure heat exchange device includes a hemispherical base with a cavity structure, a cold water inlet is provided at the lower end of the hemispherical base, and a plurality of water outlet channels are provided at the upper end of the hemispherical base; The upper end of the hemispherical base is connected to a hollow cylindrical thin shell structure, and the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure are provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet to be cooled in a direction away from each other; The upper end of the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure is connected to a hemispherical top cover with a cavity structure, the upper end of the hemispherical top cover is provided with a hot water outlet, and the lower end of the hemispherical top cover is provided with a plurality of water inlet channels; The multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is arranged inside the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure after being arrayed, and the water inlet of the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is connected to the water outlet channel on the hemispherical base, and the water outlet of the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is connected to the water inlet channel on the hemispherical top cover.

[0013] Furthermore, the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is composed of a plurality of multi-level branch structure flow channels connected end to end in sequence.

[0014] Furthermore, the multi-stage branch structure flow channel is composed of four turn-shaped pipes connected end to end, each turn-shaped pipe forms a 90° corner at the midpoint, the angle between two adjacent turn-shaped pipes is 90°, and the four turn-shaped pipes are distributed in a regular octahedron structure.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of anti-erosion protrusions are distributed inside the bent-type pipeline, and the protrusions are arranged in a staggered manner, thereby protecting the bent-type pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure is covered with grid-like reinforcing ribs, which protect the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure and prevent the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure from being damaged by pressure. The hollow cylindrical thin shell structure cannot be made too thick, otherwise it will affect its own heat dissipation.

[0017] As shown in the figure, an additive manufacturing method for a complex structure heat exchange component includes the following steps: Step 101. Perform printing preprocessing, i.e., slicing processing, to generate layered contour data and deposition work routes; Step 102. First, pure copper powder is used as the material to print a hemispherical substrate by laser powder bed fusion technology; Then print the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly; Printing of hollow cylindrical thin shell structures; Printing of hemispherical top cover; The laser printing parameters were: spot diameter 1 mm, laser power 650 W, scanning speed 200 mm / min, and protective gas flow rate 10 L / min; Step 103: Using steel alloy powder as material, printing grid-shaped reinforcement ribs by laser powder bed fusion technology; The printing parameters of the steel hollow mesh structure are: spot diameter 1mm, laser power 500W, scanning speed 350mm / min, powder feeding rate 20g / min, protective gas flow rate 10L / min, and powder carrier gas flow rate 12L / min.

[0018] After passing through one end of the hemispherical base, the cold water enters the hemispherical top cover after passing through the multi-stage branch structure flow channel assembly, and fully absorbs the heat of the liquid to be cooled.

Claims

1. A complex structure heat exchange device, characterized in that: It comprises a hemispherical base with a cavity structure, a cold water inlet is arranged at the lower end of the hemispherical base, and a plurality of water outlet channels are arranged at the upper end of the hemispherical base; The upper end of the hemispherical base is connected to a hollow cylindrical thin shell structure, and the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure are provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet to be cooled in a direction away from each other; The upper end of the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure is connected to a hemispherical top cover with a cavity structure, the upper end of the hemispherical top cover is provided with a hot water outlet, and the lower end of the hemispherical top cover is provided with a plurality of water inlet channels; The multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is arranged inside the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure after being arrayed, and the water inlet of the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is connected to the water outlet channel on the hemispherical base, and the water outlet of the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly is connected to the water inlet channel on the hemispherical top cover.

2. A complex structure heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage branch structure flow channel assembly is composed of a plurality of multi-stage branch structure flow channels connected end to end in sequence.

3. A complex structure heat exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage branch structure flow channel is composed of four turn-shaped pipes connected end to end, each turn-shaped pipe forms a 90° corner at the midpoint, the angle between two adjacent turn-shaped pipes is 90°, and the four turn-shaped pipes are distributed in a regular octahedron structure.

4. A complex structure heat exchange device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inside of the curved pipe is distributed with multiple anti-erosion protrusions, which are arranged in a staggered manner.

5. A complex structure heat exchange device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the hollow cylindrical thin shell structure is covered with grid-like reinforcing ribs.

6. An additive manufacturing method for a complex structure heat exchange component, used for processing a complex structure heat exchange component according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 101. Perform printing preprocessing to generate layered profile data and deposition work route; Step 102. First, pure copper powder is used as the material to print a hemispherical substrate by laser powder bed fusion technology; Then print the multi-level branch structure flow channel assembly; Printing of hollow cylindrical thin shell structures; Printing of hemispherical top cover; The laser printing parameters were: spot diameter 1 mm, laser power 650 W, scanning speed 200 mm / min, and protective gas flow rate 10 L / min; Step 103: Using steel alloy powder as material, printing grid-shaped reinforcement ribs by laser powder bed fusion technology; The printing parameters of the steel hollow mesh structure are: spot diameter 1mm, laser power 500W, scanning speed 350mm / min, powder feeding rate 20g / min, protective gas flow rate 10L / min, and powder carrier gas flow rate 12L / min.

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