Laser welding device and laser welding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser welding device and a laser welding method, and belongs to the technical field of laser welding, the laser welding device comprises a welding machine table, a carrying piece is installed on the welding machine table, a laser welding piece is installed on the welding machine table corresponding to the carrying piece, and the laser welding piece is used for conducting laser welding on a metal plate on the carrying piece. A welding part surface treatment assembly is installed at the end of the laser welding part and comprises a damping seat connected to the end of the laser welding part, an outer sleeve is rotationally connected to the lower portion of the damping seat, and a cleaning chamber and a grinding chamber which are symmetrically arranged are connected to the bottom of the circumferential face of the outer sleeve. Heat carried by welding fume and air acts on the to-be-welded metal plate, cleaned pollutants can be expelled, an unwelded area can be preheated to a certain degree, the temperature gradient of a weldment in the welding process can be reduced through preheating, and therefore welding stress is reduced, and welding deformation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular relates to a laser welding device and a laser welding method. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. Laser welding is one of the important aspects of the application of laser material processing technology. In the 1970s, it was mainly used for welding thin-walled materials and low-speed welding. The welding process is a heat conduction type, that is, the laser radiation heats the surface of the workpiece, and the surface heat diffuses to the inside through heat conduction. By controlling the width, energy, peak power and repetition frequency of the laser pulse, the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool. Due to its unique advantages, it has been successfully used in the precision welding of micro and small parts.

[0003] Some invention patents in the field of laser welding technology are disclosed in the prior art, among which the invention patent with publication number CN118650293B discloses a precision laser welding machine for automobile sheet metal parts, including: a fixed seat, the top of which is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod, the top of which is fixedly connected with a limiting bracket, and the bottom of the limiting bracket is fixedly connected with a laser welding component through the bracket; a positioning device, which is used to fix and limit the pre-welded substrate; a feeding device, which is used to put the pre-welded substrate into the positioning device through the feeding device; the electric telescopic rod is provided with multiple groups, and the multiple groups of the electric telescopic rods are symmetrically distributed on the top of the fixed seat, and the outer side of the positioning device is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting bracket through the bracket. This application involves the field of laser welding technology. This application does not require manual butt jointing of the welding parts of two groups of substrates, effectively reduces the gap after butt jointing, and keeps the surface of the substrate flat.

[0004] This technical solution still has some shortcomings in the process of application. Laser welding uses a high-energy-density laser beam to quickly heat and melt the metal surface to form a molten pool, and achieves welding through rapid melting and solidification of the material. Compared with ordinary electric welding, laser welding is more likely to cause gas to not have time to escape in the molten pool, thereby forming pores. Especially when laser welding sheet metal, pores are more likely to be generated, reducing the welding quality. During the laser welding process of sheet metal parts, the sheet metal weld is easily enlarged under the action of thermal stress, and in severe cases, the sheet metal may be deformed.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs a laser welding device and a laser welding method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that in the existing laser welding, a high-energy-density laser beam is used to rapidly heat and melt the metal surface to form a molten pool, and welding is achieved by rapidly melting and solidifying the material. Compared with ordinary electric welding, laser welding is more likely to cause gas to not have time to escape from the molten pool, thereby forming pores. In particular, when laser welding sheet metal, pores are more likely to be generated, reducing the welding quality. During the laser welding process of sheet metal parts, the sheet metal weld is easily enlarged under the action of thermal stress, and in severe cases, the sheet metal may be deformed. A laser welding device and a laser welding method are proposed.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A laser welding device comprises a welding machine, wherein a carrier is mounted on the welding machine, a laser welding part is mounted on the welding machine corresponding to the carrier, and is used for laser welding sheet metal on the carrier, a weldment surface treatment component is mounted on the end of the laser welding part, and the weldment surface treatment component comprises a shock-absorbing seat connected to the end of the laser welding part, an outer sleeve is rotatably connected under the shock-absorbing seat, a cleaning chamber and a grinding chamber which are symmetrically arranged are connected to the bottom of the circumferential surface of the outer sleeve, a transmission part A and a transmission part B are respectively clamped in the grinding chamber and the cleaning chamber, a cleaning wheel and a grinding wheel are respectively mounted under the transmission part B and the transmission part A, and are used for cleaning an unwelded area and grinding a welded area respectively;

[0009] The inner sleeve is clamped in the outer sleeve, a drainage assembly is arranged between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, and a drainage fan of the drainage assembly is rotatably connected to the upper port of the inner sleeve, and the rotation of the drainage fan reduces the air pressure at the laser welding point.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The transmission member A and the transmission member B have the same structure. The transmission member A includes a mounting seat clamped in the grinding chamber, a shaft sleeve A is rotatably connected to the mounting seat, a transmission gear A is sleeved on the shaft sleeve A, an exhaust hole is opened on the shaft sleeve A, a shaft core A is sleeved in the lower port of the shaft sleeve A, a support spring A is connected to the end of the shaft core A, and the shaft core A is elastically supported and connected to the inner top wall of the shaft sleeve A through the support spring A;

[0012] A grinding wheel or a cleaning wheel is installed at the other end of the shaft core A, and exhaust grooves are provided at the bottoms of the cleaning wheel and the grinding wheel.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The outer sleeve wall is provided with a transmission groove A corresponding to the transmission member A and the transmission member B, and the transmission groove A is embedded with a transmission component for driving the transmission gear A to rotate.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The transmission assembly includes a gear ring rotatably connected to a transmission groove A, and the corresponding gear ring in the transmission groove A and the two transmission gears A are rotatably connected to transmission gears B. The gear ring drives the two transmission gears A to rotate through the two transmission gears B, and an umbrella frame is connected to the inner side of the gear ring.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] A shaft sleeve B is clamped on the drainage fan of the drainage component, and a bevel gear A is mounted on the end of the shaft sleeve B. A bevel gear B is meshed on the bevel gear A. A gear shaft is clamped on the inner side of the bevel gear B. The gear shaft is rotatably connected to an outer sleeve, and a motor connected to the end of the gear shaft is installed on the outer sleeve.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] A transformer assembly is sleeved in the other port of the sleeve B, and the transformer assembly includes a piston disc sleeved in the inner sleeve, the piston disc is connected to a shaft core B, and the other end of the shaft core B is connected to a support spring B, and the shaft core B is elastically supported and connected to the inner top wall of the sleeve B through the support spring B;

[0021] A supporting ring is clamped under the corresponding piston disk in the inner sleeve, and a plurality of corrugated grooves in a ring array are opened on the supporting ring. A plurality of link shafts in a ring array are connected to the corresponding plurality of corrugated grooves under the piston disk, and a spherical hoop groove is opened at the other end of each of the link shafts, and balls are sleeved in each of the plurality of spherical hoop grooves.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] The umbrella-shaped frame is connected with a transmission shaft, and the other end of the transmission shaft is sleeved in a transmission groove B opened at the bottom of the piston disc and the shaft core B, so as to receive the torsion transmitted from the shaft core B and drive the gear ring to rotate.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] A limiting groove is provided at the bottom of the piston disc, a pressure relief hole is provided on the top wall of the limiting groove, and a one-way blocking component is sleeved in the limiting groove.

[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0027] The one-way blocking assembly includes a blocking plate sleeved in the limiting groove, a directional hole is formed on the blocking plate, a directional shaft is sleeved in the directional hole, the end of the directional shaft is connected to the inner top wall of the limiting groove, a support spring C is sleeved on the directional shaft, and the directional shaft is elastically supported and connected to the bottom of the blocking plate through the support spring C;

[0028] A cooling chamber is installed on the grinding chamber, and a pipe A is connected to the cooling chamber. The other end of the pipe A is clamped on the circumferential surface of the outer sleeve. A pipe B is connected to the exhaust holes corresponding to the cooling chamber and the grinding chamber. A pipe C is connected to the cleaning chamber, and the other end of the pipe C is clamped on the circumferential surface of the outer cylinder.

[0029] A laser welding method comprises the following steps:

[0030] A clamp is used to clamp and position the sheet metal to be welded on a carrier. During the process of controlling the laser welding part, the sheet metal to be welded is driven by the carrier until the welding process is completed. A steering control part is installed on the laser welding part to drive the outer sleeve to rotate to change the orientation of the grinding wheel and the cleaning wheel. The orientation of the grinding wheel and the cleaning wheel is adjusted according to the processing requirements of the sheet metal to be welded before controlling the laser welding part to work.

[0031] During the laser welding process of the sheet metal to be welded by the laser welding part, the outer sleeve is driven by the laser welding part to slide and connect to the sheet metal to be welded at its bottom, and the motor is controlled to run. The motor drives the gear shaft to rotate during operation, and the other end of the gear shaft uses the combination of bevel gear B and bevel gear A to apply torque to sleeve B, and the sleeve B drives the drainage fan to rotate rapidly in the upper port of the inner sleeve. Driven by the drainage fan, the welding smoke and air at the lower port of the outer sleeve flow upward, and then flow into the interlayer between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. A part of the welding smoke and air flows into the cooling room through pipe A. After being cooled and purified in the cooling room, the welding smoke and air flow into the grinding room through pipe B. The welding smoke and air entering the grinding room flow into sleeve A through the exhaust hole, and finally flow into the grinding wheel and the sheet metal through the shaft core A, thereby accelerating the air flow rate between the grinding wheel and the plate.

[0032] The shaft sleeve B will also drive the shaft core B to rotate during its rotation. The shaft core B will drive the piston disc to rotate and also drive the transmission shaft to rotate rapidly. The transmission shaft drives the gear ring to rotate in the transmission groove B through the umbrella frame. The gear ring drives the two transmission gears A to rotate through the two transmission gears B. The two transmission gears A respectively drive the shaft sleeves A connected thereto to rotate. The rotation of the two shaft sleeves A will respectively drive the shaft core A connected thereto to rotate. The two shaft cores A respectively drive the grinding wheel and the cleaning wheel to rotate.

[0033] During the rotation of the piston disc, multiple balls are driven to perform circular motion through multiple connecting shafts. When the balls roll out of the corrugated groove, the balls will receive the upward thrust from the supporting ring, the piston disc rises upward, and pushes the shaft core B to slide upward in the shaft sleeve B, and at the same time squeezes the supporting spring B to cause it to undergo elastic deformation. When the balls roll into the corrugated groove from the end face of the supporting ring, the supporting spring B begins to restore the elastic deformation, and the supporting spring B pushes the piston disc downward through the shaft core B. According to this rule, the piston disc performs reciprocating lifting motion in the inner sleeve. When the piston disc moves downward, the air pressure below it will increase. When the piston disc moves upward, the sealing plate disengages from the limiting groove and pulls the supporting spring C to cause it to undergo elastic deformation. The welding smoke and air in the lower port of the outer sleeve flow upward through the pressure relief hole and the gap between the inner wall of the inner sleeve and the piston disc.

[0034] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] 1. In the present invention, welding smoke and air flow into the grinding room through pipe B after being cooled and purified in the cooling room. The welding smoke and air entering the grinding room flow into the sleeve A through the exhaust hole, and finally flow into the gap between the grinding wheel and the sheet metal through the shaft core A, thereby accelerating the air flow rate between the grinding wheel and the plate. The welding smoke and air flowing out through pipe B will carry a small amount of water, thereby having a certain cooling effect on the grinding wheel and the sheet metal, thereby avoiding the high temperature of the grinding wheel and affecting the grinding effect. The remaining welding smoke and air flow into the cleaning room through pipe C, and finally flow into the gap between the cleaning wheel and the sheet metal. The heat carried by the welding smoke and air is used on the sheet metal to be welded, thereby not only being able to drive away the cleaned pollutants, but also being able to preheat the unwelded area to a certain extent. The preheating can reduce the temperature gradient of the weldment during welding, thereby reducing welding stress and avoiding welding deformation.

[0036] 2. In the present invention, when the piston disc moves upward, the sealing plate disengages from the limiting groove and pulls the supporting spring C to cause elastic deformation. The welding smoke and air in the lower port of the outer sleeve flow upward through the pressure relief hole and the gap between the inner wall of the inner sleeve and the piston disc. The air pressure under the piston disc will decrease. The air pressure under the piston disc changes in a diverse manner, so that the bubbles in the molten pool can be eliminated to a certain extent, the escape of air inside the molten pool can be accelerated, and the quality of laser welding can be further improved.

[0037] 3. In the present invention, the bottom of the outer sleeve is slidably connected to the sheet metal to be welded under the drive of the laser welding part. Using the outer sleeve to press down the current welding position of the sheet metal to be welded helps to improve the stability of the sheet metal to be welded, thereby reducing the impact of thermal stress on the weld. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a disassembled welding surface treatment component in a laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a transformer assembly in a laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed in the present invention from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 4 A laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed by the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0042] Figure 5 A laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed by the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0043] Figure 6 A laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed by the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the C structure;

[0044] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a welding surface treatment component in a laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a welding surface treatment component in a laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed in the present invention from another perspective;

[0046] Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a laser welding device and a laser welding method proposed by the present invention;

[0047] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a laser welding device and a laser welding method from another perspective.

[0048] Legend:

[0049] 1. Welding machine; 2. Object carrier; 3. Laser welding parts; 4. Welding surface treatment components; 401. Shock absorber; 402. Outer sleeve; 403. Grinding room; 404. Cleaning room; 405. Transmission part A; 4051. Mounting seat; 4052. Bushing A; 4053. Transmission gear A; 4054. Shaft core A; 4055. Exhaust hole; 406. Grinding wheel; 407. Transmission part B; 408. Cleaning wheel; 5. Transmission assembly; 501. Gear ring; 502. Transmission gear B; 503. Umbrella frame; 504. Transmission Shaft; 6. Inner sleeve; 7. Drainage assembly; 701. Drainage fan; 702. Bushing B; 703. Bevel gear A; 704. Bevel gear B; 705. Gear shaft; 706. Motor; 8. Transformer assembly; 801. Shaft core B; 802. Support spring B; 803. Piston disc; 804. Support ring; 805. Connecting shaft; 806. Ball bearing; 9. One-way plugging assembly; 901. Blocking plate; 902. Directional shaft; 903. Support spring C; 10. Pipeline A; 11. Cooling chamber; 12. Pipeline B; 13. Pipeline C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Fig.10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a laser welding device, comprising a welding machine 1, a carrier 2 is installed on the welding machine 1, a laser welding part 3 is installed on the welding machine 1 corresponding to the carrier 2, and is used to laser weld the sheet metal on the carrier 2, a weld surface treatment component 4 is installed at the end of the laser welding part 3, and the weld surface treatment component 4 includes a shock-absorbing seat 401 connected to the end of the laser welding part 3, an outer sleeve 402 is rotatably connected under the shock-absorbing seat 401, and a cleaning chamber 404 and a grinding chamber 403 arranged symmetrically are connected to the bottom of the circumferential surface of the outer sleeve 402, and a transmission part A405 and a transmission part B407 are respectively clamped in the grinding chamber 403 and the cleaning chamber 404, and a cleaning wheel 408 and a grinding wheel 406 are respectively installed under the transmission part B407 and the transmission part A405, and are used to clean the unwelded area and grind the welded area respectively;

[0052] The inner sleeve 6 is clamped in the outer sleeve 402, and a drainage component 7 is arranged between the inner sleeve 6 and the outer sleeve 402. The drainage fan 701 of the drainage component 7 is rotatably connected to the upper port of the inner sleeve 6. The rotation of the drainage fan 701 reduces the air pressure at the laser welding point.

[0053] Specifically, the transmission member A405 and the transmission member B407 have the same structure. The transmission member A405 includes a mounting seat 4051 clamped in the grinding chamber 403, a shaft sleeve A4052 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 4051, a transmission gear A4053 is sleeved on the shaft sleeve A4052, an exhaust hole 4055 is opened on the shaft sleeve A4052, a shaft core A4054 is sleeved in the lower end of the shaft sleeve A4052, a support spring A is connected to the end of the shaft core A4054, and the shaft core A4054 is elastically supported and connected to the inner top wall of the shaft sleeve A4052 through the support spring A;

[0054] A grinding wheel 406 or a cleaning wheel 408 is installed at the other end of the shaft core A4054. The bottoms of the cleaning wheel 408 and the grinding wheel 406 are both provided with exhaust grooves.

[0055] Specifically, a transmission groove A is formed on the wall of the outer sleeve 402 corresponding to the transmission member A405 and the transmission member B407, and a transmission assembly 5 for driving the transmission gear A4053 to rotate is embedded in the transmission groove A.

[0056] Specifically, the transmission assembly 5 includes a gear ring 501 rotatably connected to the transmission groove A. The corresponding gear ring 501 in the transmission groove A and the two transmission gears A4053 are rotatably connected to the transmission gear B502. The gear ring 501 drives the two transmission gears A4053 to rotate through the two transmission gears B502. The inner side of the gear ring 501 is connected to an umbrella frame 503.

[0057] Specifically, a shaft sleeve B702 is clamped on the drainage fan 701 of the drainage assembly 7, a bevel gear A703 is mounted on the end of the shaft sleeve B702, a bevel gear B704 is meshed on the bevel gear A703, a gear shaft 705 is clamped on the inner side of the bevel gear B704, the gear shaft 705 is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 402, and a motor 706 connected to the end of the gear shaft 705 is installed on the outer sleeve 402.

[0058] Specifically, the other end of the sleeve B702 is sleeved with a transformer assembly 8, and the transformer assembly 8 includes a piston disc 803 sleeved in the inner sleeve 6, and the piston disc 803 is connected to the shaft core B801, and the other end of the shaft core B801 is connected to a support spring B802, and the shaft core B801 is elastically supported and connected to the inner top wall of the sleeve B702 through the support spring B802;

[0059] A supporting ring 804 is clamped under the corresponding piston disk 803 in the inner sleeve 6, and a plurality of corrugated grooves in a ring array are provided on the supporting ring 804. A plurality of link shafts 805 in a ring array are connected to the corresponding plurality of corrugated grooves under the piston disk 803, and a spherical hoop groove is provided at the other end of each of which a ball 806 is sleeved.

[0060] Specifically, the umbrella frame 503 is connected to a transmission shaft 504, and the other end of the transmission shaft 504 is sleeved in a transmission groove B opened at the bottom of the piston disc 803 and the shaft core B801, for receiving the torsion transmitted from the shaft core B801 and driving the gear ring 501 to rotate.

[0061] Specifically, a limiting groove is provided at the bottom of the piston disc 803, a pressure relief hole is provided on the top wall of the limiting groove, and a one-way blocking component 9 is sleeved in the limiting groove.

[0062] Specifically, the one-way blocking component 9 includes a blocking plate 901 sleeved in the limiting groove, a directional hole is provided on the blocking plate 901, a directional shaft 902 is sleeved in the directional hole, the end of the directional shaft 902 is connected to the inner top wall of the limiting groove, a support spring C903 is sleeved on the directional shaft 902, and the directional shaft 902 is elastically supported and connected to the bottom of the blocking plate 901 through the support spring C903;

[0063] A cooling chamber 11 is installed on the grinding chamber 403, and a pipe A10 is connected to the cooling chamber 11. The other end of the pipe A10 is clamped on the circumferential surface of the outer sleeve 402. A pipe B12 is connected to the cooling chamber 11 and the grinding chamber 403 corresponding to the exhaust hole 4055. The cleaning chamber 404 is connected to a pipe C13, and the other end of the pipe C13 is clamped on the circumferential surface of the outer sleeve.

[0064] A laser welding method comprises the following steps:

[0065] The sheet metal to be welded is clamped and positioned on the object carrier 2 by using a fixture. During the process of controlling the operation of the laser welding component 3, the sheet metal to be welded is driven by the object carrier 2 to move until the welding process is completed. A steering control component for driving the outer sleeve 402 to rotate to change the orientation of the grinding wheel 406 and the cleaning wheel 408 is installed on the laser welding component 3, and the orientation of the grinding wheel 406 and the cleaning wheel 408 is adjusted according to the processing requirements of the sheet metal to be welded before controlling the operation of the laser welding component 3;

[0066] During the laser welding process of the laser welding part 3 on the sheet metal to be welded, the outer sleeve 402 is driven by the laser welding part 3 to slide and connect to the sheet metal to be welded at the bottom, and the motor 706 is controlled to run. During the operation, the motor 706 drives the gear shaft 705 to rotate. The other end of the gear shaft 705 uses the combination of the bevel gear B704 and the bevel gear A703 to apply torque to the shaft sleeve B702, and the shaft sleeve B702 drives the drainage fan 701 to rotate rapidly in the upper port of the inner sleeve 6. The welding smoke and air at the lower end of the outer sleeve 402 flow upward, and then flow into the interlayer between the inner sleeve 6 and the outer sleeve. A part of the welding smoke and air flows into the cooling chamber 11 through the pipe A10. After being cooled and purified by the cooling chamber 11, the welding smoke and air flow into the grinding chamber 403 through the pipe B12. The welding smoke and air entering the grinding chamber 403 flow into the sleeve A4052 through the exhaust hole 4055, and finally flow into the grinding wheel 406 and the sheet metal through the shaft core A4054, thereby accelerating the air flow rate between the grinding wheel 406 and the plate.

[0067] The shaft sleeve B702 will also drive the shaft core B801 to rotate during its rotation. The shaft core B801 drives the piston plate 803 to rotate and also drives the transmission shaft 504 to rotate rapidly. The transmission shaft 504 drives the gear ring 501 to rotate in the transmission groove B through the umbrella frame 503. The gear ring 501 drives the two transmission gears A4053 to rotate through the two transmission gears B502. The two transmission gears A4053 respectively drive the shaft sleeves A4052 connected thereto to rotate. The rotation of the two shaft sleeves A4052 will respectively drive the shaft core A4054 connected thereto to rotate. The two shaft cores A4054 respectively drive the grinding wheel 406 and the cleaning wheel 408 to rotate.

[0068] During the rotation of the piston disc 803, multiple balls 806 are driven to perform circular motion via multiple link shafts 805. During the process of the balls 806 rolling out of the corrugated groove, the balls 806 receive an upward thrust from the support ring 804, the piston disc 803 rises upward, and pushes the shaft core B801 to slide upward in the sleeve B702, while squeezing the support spring B802 to cause it to undergo elastic deformation. During the process of the balls 806 rolling into the corrugated groove from the end face of the support ring 804, the support spring B802 begins to recover its elasticity. The supporting spring B802 pushes the piston disc 803 downward through the shaft core B801. According to this rule, the piston disc 803 performs a reciprocating lifting motion in the inner sleeve 6. When the piston disc 803 moves downward, the air pressure below it will increase. When the piston disc 803 moves upward, the sealing plate 901 disengages from the limiting groove and pulls the supporting spring C903 to cause it to undergo elastic deformation. The welding smoke and air in the lower port of the outer sleeve 402 flow upward through the pressure relief hole and the gap between the inner wall of the inner sleeve 6 and the piston disc 803.

[0069] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding device, comprising a welding machine (1), wherein a carrier (2) is mounted on the welding machine (1), and a laser welding part (3) is mounted on the welding machine (1) corresponding to the carrier (2), and is used for laser welding sheet metal on the carrier (2), characterized in that: A weld surface treatment component (4) is installed at the end of the laser weld (3), and the weld surface treatment component (4) includes a shock-absorbing seat (401) connected to the end of the laser weld (3), and an outer sleeve (402) is rotatably connected below the shock-absorbing seat (401), and a cleaning chamber (404) and a grinding chamber (403) are connected to the bottom of the circumferential surface of the outer sleeve (402) in a symmetrical arrangement, and a transmission member A (405) and a transmission member B (407) are respectively clamped in the grinding chamber (403) and the cleaning chamber (404), and a cleaning wheel (408) and a grinding wheel (406) are respectively installed under the transmission member B (407) and the transmission member A (405), and are used for cleaning the unwelded area and grinding the welded area respectively; The outer sleeve (402) is clamped with an inner sleeve (6), and a drainage component (7) is provided between the inner sleeve (6) and the outer sleeve (402). The drainage fan (701) of the drainage component (7) is rotatably connected to the upper port of the inner sleeve (6), and the rotation of the drainage fan (701) reduces the air pressure at the laser welding point.

2. A laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission member A (405) and the transmission member B (407) have the same structure. The transmission member A (405) comprises a mounting seat (4051) which is clamped in the grinding chamber (403). The mounting seat (4051) is rotatably connected with a shaft sleeve A (4052). The shaft sleeve A (4052) is sleeved with a transmission gear A (4053). The shaft sleeve A (4052) is provided with an exhaust hole (4055). The lower end of the shaft sleeve A (4052) is sleeved with a shaft core A (4054). The end of the shaft core A (4054) is connected with a support spring A. The shaft core A (4054) is elastically supported and connected to the inner top wall of the shaft sleeve A (4052) through the support spring A. A grinding wheel (406) or a cleaning wheel (408) is installed at the other end of the shaft core A (4054), and exhaust grooves are provided at the bottom of the cleaning wheel (408) and the grinding wheel (406).

3. A laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (402) wall is provided with a transmission groove A corresponding to the transmission member A (405) and the transmission member B (407), and a transmission assembly (5) for driving the transmission gear A (4053) to rotate is embedded in the transmission groove A.

4. A laser welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (5) comprises a gear ring (501) rotatably connected to a transmission groove A, wherein the corresponding gear ring (501) and two transmission gears A (4053) in the transmission groove A are both rotatably connected to transmission gears B (502), and the gear ring (501) drives the two transmission gears A (4053) to rotate via the two transmission gears B (502), and an umbrella frame (503) is connected to the inner side of the gear ring (501).

5. A laser welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A shaft sleeve B (702) is clamped on the drainage fan (701) of the drainage component (7), and a bevel gear A (703) is sleeved on the end of the shaft sleeve B (702). A bevel gear B (704) is meshed on the bevel gear A (703). A gear shaft (705) is clamped on the inner side of the bevel gear B (704). The gear shaft (705) is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve (402), and a motor (706) connected to the end of the gear shaft (705) is installed on the outer sleeve (402).

6. A laser welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transformer assembly (8) is sleeved in the other end of the shaft sleeve B (702), and the transformer assembly (8) includes a piston disc (803) sleeved in the inner sleeve (6), and an axial core B (801) is connected to the piston disc (803), and a support spring B (802) is connected to the other end of the axial core B (801), and the axial core B (801) is elastically supported and connected to the inner top wall of the shaft sleeve B (702) through the support spring B (802); A supporting ring (804) is clamped below the corresponding piston disc (803) in the inner sleeve (6), and a plurality of corrugated grooves in an annular array are provided on the supporting ring (804). A plurality of link shafts (805) in an annular array are connected to the corresponding plurality of corrugated grooves below the piston disc (803), and a spherical hoop groove is provided at the other end of each of the plurality of link shafts (805), and a ball (806) is sleeved in each of the plurality of spherical hoop grooves.

7. A laser welding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The umbrella-shaped frame (503) is connected to a transmission shaft (504), and the other end of the transmission shaft (504) is sleeved in a transmission groove B provided at the bottom of the piston plate (803) and the shaft core B (801), so as to receive the torsion transmitted from the shaft core B (801) and drive the gear ring (501) to rotate.

8. A laser welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting groove is provided at the bottom of the piston disc (803), a pressure relief hole is provided on the top wall of the limiting groove, and a one-way blocking component (9) is sleeved in the limiting groove.

9. A laser welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The one-way blocking component (9) comprises a blocking plate (901) sleeved in a limiting groove, the blocking plate (901) is provided with a directional hole, a directional shaft (902) is sleeved in the directional hole, the end of the directional shaft (902) is connected to the inner top wall of the limiting groove, a support spring C (903) is sleeved on the directional shaft (902), and the directional shaft (902) is elastically supported and connected to the bottom of the blocking plate (901) via the support spring C (903); The grinding chamber (403) is provided with a cooling chamber (11), the cooling chamber (11) is connected with a pipe A (10), the other end of the pipe A (10) is clamped on the circumferential surface of the outer sleeve (402), the cooling chamber (11) and the grinding chamber (403) are connected with a pipe B (12) corresponding to the exhaust hole (4055), the cleaning chamber (404) is connected with a pipe C (13), the other end of the pipe C (13) is clamped on the circumferential surface of the outer sleeve.

10. A laser welding method, which uses the laser welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: A clamp is used to clamp and position the sheet metal to be welded on the carrier (2); during the process of controlling the operation of the laser welding component (3), the carrier (2) drives the sheet metal to be welded to move until the welding process is completed; a steering control component is installed on the laser welding component (3) to drive the outer sleeve (402) to rotate to change the orientation of the grinding wheel (406) and the cleaning wheel (408); and before controlling the operation of the laser welding component (3), the orientation of the grinding wheel (406) and the cleaning wheel (408) is adjusted according to the processing requirements of the sheet metal to be welded; During the process of laser welding the sheet metal to be welded by the laser welding part (3), the outer sleeve (402) is driven by the laser welding part (3) to slide and connect to the sheet metal to be welded at its bottom, and the motor (706) is controlled to operate. During the operation, the motor (706) drives the gear shaft (705) to rotate. The other end of the gear shaft (705) uses the combination of the bevel gear B (704) and the bevel gear A (703) to apply torque to the shaft sleeve B (702), and the shaft sleeve B (702) drives the drainage fan (701) to rotate rapidly in the upper port of the inner sleeve (6). Driven by the drainage fan (701), The welding smoke and air at the lower end of the outer sleeve (402) flow upward and then flow into the interlayer between the inner sleeve (6) and the outer sleeve. A portion of the welding smoke and air flows into the cooling chamber (11) through the pipe A (10). After being cooled and purified in the cooling chamber (11), the welding smoke and air flow into the grinding chamber (403) through the pipe B (12). The welding smoke and air entering the grinding chamber (403) flow into the sleeve A (4052) through the exhaust hole (4055), and finally flow into the grinding wheel (406) and the sheet metal through the shaft core A (4054), thereby accelerating the air flow rate between the grinding wheel (406) and the plate. During the rotation of the shaft sleeve B (702), the shaft core B (801) is also driven to rotate. The shaft core B (801) drives the piston plate (803) to rotate and also drives the transmission shaft (504) to rotate rapidly. The transmission shaft (504) drives the gear ring (501) to rotate in the transmission groove B through the umbrella frame (503). The gear ring (501) drives the two transmission gears A (4053) to rotate through the two transmission gears B (502). The two transmission gears A (4053) respectively drive the shaft sleeves A (4052) connected thereto to rotate. The rotation of the two shaft sleeves A (4052) will respectively drive the shaft core A (4054) connected thereto to rotate. The two shaft cores A (4054) respectively drive the grinding wheel (406) and the cleaning wheel (408) to rotate. During the rotation process, the piston disc (803) drives the multiple balls (806) to make circular motion through the multiple link shafts (805). When the balls (806) roll out of the corrugated groove, the balls (806) receive the upward thrust from the support ring (804), and the piston disc (803) rises upward and pushes the shaft core B (801) to slide upward in the shaft sleeve B (702). At the same time, it squeezes the support spring B (802) to make it elastically deformed. When the balls (806) roll from the end face of the support ring (804) into the corrugated groove, the support spring B (802) begins to recover. The support spring B (802) pushes the piston disc (803) to move downward through the shaft core B (801) due to elastic deformation. According to this rule, the piston disc (803) performs reciprocating lifting motion in the inner sleeve (6). When the piston disc (803) moves downward, the air pressure below it will increase. When the piston disc (803) moves upward, the sealing plate (901) disengages from the limit groove and pulls the support spring C (903) to cause it to undergo elastic deformation. The welding smoke and air in the lower port of the outer sleeve (402) flow upward through the pressure relief hole and the gap between the inner wall of the inner sleeve (6) and the piston disc (803).

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