Drilling method and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling method. The drilling method comprises the steps that a plurality of concentric lightening holes are preset in a workpiece; an expansion chuck of the automatic feeding drill is controlled to move into the blind hole, and the expansion chuck is tightly supported on the inner wall of the blind hole; and a drill bit of the automatic feeding drill is started to drill a riveting hole in the bottom of the blind hole. The expansion chuck is tightly supported in the blind hole, the stability of the expansion chuck can be guaranteed, an additional clamping device is not needed to clamp the expansion chuck, the drilling cost can be effectively reduced, stable operation of the automatic feeding drill can be guaranteed, and then the drilling precision is guaranteed. Besides, during drilling, the expansion chuck and the drill bit are moved into the blind hole, other extra devices do not need to be operated to position the expansion chuck, and therefore the drilling efficiency can be effectively improved. The invention further discloses drilling equipment, the concentric lightening hole in the workpiece can be used for supporting and positioning the expansion chuck of the automatic feeding drill, and the drilling efficiency and the drilling precision can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and in particular to a drilling method and equipment. Background Art

[0002] For a rail vehicle body, after the chassis is assembled with the carbon fiber floor, the bolster and the floor need to be connected together by riveting to complete the preparation of the chassis. Since there are a large number of rivet holes on each bolster, in order to ensure the drilling accuracy, it is necessary to drill the vehicle after the bolster and the floor are closed and fixed.

[0003] At present, automatic feed drills are mainly used for drilling, but automatic feed drills need to use auxiliary drilling jigs to complete positioning and fixing. Due to the large size of the base frame and the large number of riveting holes, it is not suitable to use automatic feed drills and drilling jigs designed according to the hole positions of the workpiece for drilling. This method has the problems of low drilling accuracy and low efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve drilling accuracy and drilling efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling method and equipment, which can effectively improve the drilling accuracy and drilling efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A drilling method, comprising:

[0008] Presetting a plurality of concentric lightening holes on the workpiece, wherein the concentric lightening holes are blind holes;

[0009] Controlling the expansion chuck of the automatic feed drill to move into the blind hole, and making the expansion chuck tighten against the inner wall of the blind hole;

[0010] The drill bit of the automatic feed drill is activated to drill a rivet hole at the bottom of the blind hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, the diameter of the concentric lightening hole is D1=D+0.05mm, where dimension D is the diameter of the expansion chuck when it is contracted; the depth of the concentric lightening hole is H=t-t1, and is not less than 8mm, where dimension t is the thickness of the workpiece, and dimension t1 is the depth of the rivet hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, before controlling the expansion chuck of the automatic feed drill to move into the blind hole, the method further includes:

[0013] A self-expanding drill jig is placed in the blind hole, a mounting hole for cooperating with the expansion chuck is provided in the self-expanding drill jig, and an opening groove is provided on the side wall of the self-expanding drill jig.

[0014] In some embodiments, a hand-held boss is provided at the upper end of the self-expanding drill template, and the outer diameter of the hand-held boss is larger than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill template.

[0015] In some embodiments, a limiting boss is provided on the inner bottom of the mounting hole.

[0016] In some embodiments, the diameter of the mounting hole D2=D+0.05mm, wherein dimension D is the diameter of the expansion chuck when it is contracted; the width of the opening groove is 2mm; the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill jig D3=D1-0.05mm, wherein dimension D1 is the diameter of the concentric lightening hole; the outer diameter of the handheld boss is 4mm larger than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill jig; the height of the limiting boss is 10mm, and the inner hole diameter of the limiting boss is 20mm.

[0017] A drilling device, used to implement any of the drilling methods described above, the drilling device comprising: an automatic feed drill, the automatic feed drill comprising an expansion chuck and a drill bit, the expansion chuck is used to brace against the inner wall of a concentric lightening hole of a workpiece, the concentric lightening hole is a blind hole, and the drill bit is used to drill a rivet hole at the bottom of the blind hole.

[0018] In some embodiments, the drilling equipment also includes a self-expanding drill jig, which is provided with a mounting hole for cooperating with the expansion chuck, a side wall of the self-expanding drill jig is provided with an open groove, and an avoidance groove is provided on the side of the mounting hole away from the opening groove.

[0019] In some embodiments, a hand-held boss is provided at the upper end of the self-expanding drill template, and the outer diameter of the hand-held boss is larger than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill template; a limiting boss is provided at the inner bottom of the mounting hole.

[0020] In some embodiments, a plurality of the mounting holes are provided in the self-expanding drilling template, the side walls of two adjacent mounting holes are connected to each other, and the axes of the plurality of mounting holes are arranged parallel to each other.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0022] The present invention provides a drilling method, comprising: presetting a plurality of concentric lightening holes on a workpiece; controlling the expansion chuck of an automatic feed drill to move into a blind hole, and making the expansion chuck brace against the inner wall of the blind hole; starting the drill bit of the automatic feed drill to drill a riveting hole at the bottom of the blind hole. The concentric lightening holes can reduce the weight of the workpiece, and can also provide positioning and support for the expansion chuck of the automatic feed drill, thereby ensuring the stability of the expansion chuck. No additional clamping device is required to clamp the expansion chuck, which can effectively reduce the drilling cost, and can ensure the stable operation of the automatic feed drill, thereby ensuring the drilling accuracy and improving the drilling efficiency.

[0023] The drilling equipment provided by the present invention can utilize the concentric lightening holes on the workpiece to position and support the expansion chuck of the automatic feed drill, thereby ensuring the drilling accuracy and drilling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a drilling device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a drilling device, a self-expanding drilling template and a workpiece provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a self-expanding drilling template;

[0028] Figure 4 A top view of a self-expanding drilling jig with two mounting holes;

[0029] Figure 5 A top view of a self-expanding drilling jig with three mounting holes.

[0030] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0031] 10-automatic feed drill, 11-expansion chuck, 12-handheld part;

[0032] 20-first plate, 21-concentric lightening hole, 22-riveting hole;

[0033] 30- second plate;

[0034] 40 - self-expanding drilling template, 41 - mounting hole, 42 - hand-held boss, 43 - limiting boss, 44 - avoidance groove, 45 - opening groove, 46 - through groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 .

[0037] A drilling method provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Preset a plurality of concentric lightening holes 21 on the workpiece, wherein the concentric lightening holes 21 are blind holes. The concentric lightening holes 21 can reduce the weight of the workpiece and can also provide positioning and support for the expansion chuck 11 of the automatic feed drill 10.

[0039] Step 2: Control the expansion chuck 11 of the automatic feed drill 10 to move into the blind hole, and make the expansion chuck 11 tightened on the inner wall of the blind hole. Regarding the structure and working principle of the automatic feed drill 10, reference can be made to the prior art, and the present invention will not go into details. Among them, by tightening the expansion chuck 11 in the blind hole, the stability of the expansion chuck 11 can be guaranteed, and no additional clamping device is required to clamp the expansion chuck 11, which can effectively reduce the drilling cost, and can ensure the stable operation of the automatic feed drill 10, thereby ensuring the drilling accuracy. In addition, when drilling, it is sufficient to move the expansion chuck 11 and the drill bit into the blind hole, and there is no need to operate other additional devices to position the expansion chuck 11, so the drilling efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0040] Step 3: Start the drill bit of the automatic feed drill 10 to drill a rivet hole 22 at the bottom of the blind hole. The rivet hole 22 is coaxial with the concentric lightening hole 21. The ratio of the hole spacing S between adjacent rivet holes 22 to the diameter d of the rivet hole 22 is not less than 5, that is, S / d≥5. When two workpieces need to be riveted, for example, the first plate 20 and the second plate 30 are riveted, the first plate 20 is placed above the second plate 30, the first plate 20 is provided with a concentric lightening hole 21, and the thickness of the second plate 30 is consistent with the bottom thickness of the concentric lightening hole 21. The rivet hole 22 can be drilled at the bottom of the blind hole and the second plate 30 by drilling. After the drilling is completed, the expansion chuck 11 is contracted, the expansion chuck 11 and the drill bit are removed from the blind hole, and then a rivet is driven into the rivet hole 22 to achieve the riveting of the first plate 20 and the second plate 30.

[0041] In some embodiments, the diameter D1 of the concentric lightening hole 21 is D+0.05 mm, where the dimension D is the diameter of the expansion chuck 11 when it is contracted. For example, the diameter of the expansion chuck 11 when it is contracted is about 25.4 mm, that is, the diameter of the concentric lightening hole 21 is slightly larger than the diameter of the expansion chuck 11 when it is contracted, so that the expansion chuck 11 can be expanded to a smaller size and can be tightened in the concentric lightening hole 21; the depth H of the concentric lightening hole 21 is H=t-t1, and is not less than 8 mm, where the dimension t is the thickness of the workpiece, the dimension t1 is the depth of the rivet hole 22, and the thickness t2 of the second plate 30 is consistent with the depth t1 of the rivet hole 22 of the first plate 20. The concentric lightening hole 21 of a certain depth can improve the tightening stability of the expansion chuck 11, thereby ensuring the accuracy of drilling.

[0042] In some embodiments, in order to further achieve the goal of lightweighting the plate, it is necessary to further increase the size of the lightening hole. Since the diameter of the concentric lightening hole 21 is too much beyond the diameter size of the expansion chuck 11 of the automatic feed drill 10 after expansion, the single fixing method of the concentric lightening hole 21 cannot meet the positioning and clamping requirements of the automatic feed drill 10. At this time, it is necessary to use a combination of the concentric lightening hole 21 and the self-expanding drill jig 40 for fixing. Before controlling the expansion chuck 11 of the automatic feed drill 10 to move into the blind hole, the drilling method also includes the following steps: placing the self-expanding drill jig 40 in the blind hole, wherein the self-expanding drill jig 40 is provided with a mounting hole 41 for cooperating with the expansion chuck 11, and the side wall of the self-expanding drill jig 40 is provided with an opening groove 45. When drilling, the automatic feed drill 10 carries the expansion chuck 11 and moves into the mounting hole 41 of the automatic expansion jig. Under the expansion of the expansion chuck 11, the self-expanding jig 40 expands accordingly, thereby fixing the expansion chuck 11 in the concentric lightening hole 21, and then the riveting hole 22 can be drilled at the inner bottom of the blind hole through the drill bit. After the drilling is completed, the expansion chuck 11 shrinks, and the self-expanding jig 40 also shrinks, so that the expansion chuck 11 and the self-expanding jig 40 are easily removed from the concentric lightening hole 21. The opening groove 45 can facilitate the expansion and contraction of the self-expanding jig 40.

[0043] In some embodiments, a circular concentric lightening hole 21 and an oblong concentric lightening hole 21 are provided on the workpiece, and accordingly, the self-expanding jig 40 is divided into a single-hole jig that cooperates with the circular concentric lightening hole 21 and a multi-hole jig that cooperates with the oblong concentric lightening hole 21. A hand-held boss 42 is provided at the upper end of the self-expanding jig 40, and the hand-held boss 42 is preferably an annular protrusion structure integrally formed on the outer side of the upper end of the self-expanding jig 40. The outer diameter of the hand-held boss 42 is greater than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding jig 40, and the outer diameter of the hand-held boss 42 is also greater than the inner diameter of the concentric lightening hole 21. The hand-held boss 42 can limit the depth of the self-expanding jig 40 placed in the concentric lightening hole 21. In addition, it is also convenient for the user to grasp the hand-held boss 42, so as to place the self-expanding jig 40 in the concentric lightening hole 21 of the workpiece, or take out the self-expanding jig 40 from the concentric lightening hole 21.

[0044] In some embodiments, a limiting boss 43 is provided at the inner bottom of the mounting hole 41 . The limiting boss 43 is preferably an annular protrusion structure integrally formed in the mounting hole 41 . The limiting boss 43 can limit the depth of the expansion chuck 11 extending into the mounting hole 41 .

[0045] In some embodiments, the diameter D2 of the mounting hole 41 is D+0.05mm, wherein the dimension D is the diameter of the expansion chuck 11 when it is contracted, and the height of the mounting hole 41 depends on actual needs, wherein the height of the mounting hole 41 is preferably not less than 20mm; the width of the opening groove 45 is 2mm; the outer diameter D3 of the body of the self-expanding drill jig 40 is D1-0.05mm, wherein the dimension D1 is the diameter of the concentric lightening hole 21; the outer diameter of the handheld boss 42 is 4mm larger than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill jig 40; the height of the limiting boss 43 is 10mm, and the inner hole diameter of the limiting boss 43 is 20mm.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a drilling device for implementing the drilling method provided in any of the above embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drilling equipment includes: an automatic feed drill 10, the automatic feed drill 10 includes an expansion chuck 11 and a drill bit, the drill bit can rotate relative to the expansion chuck 11, and in order to facilitate the operation of the automatic feed drill 10, a handheld portion 12 is provided on the automatic feed drill 10. A plurality of concentric lightening holes 21 are provided on the workpiece, and the distribution mode of the plurality of concentric lightening holes 21 can be selected according to actual needs. The concentric lightening holes 21 are blind holes. When drilling, the expansion chuck 11 can be tightened on the inner wall of the concentric lightening hole 21 of the workpiece, and then the drill bit is started, and the drill bit can drill a riveting hole 22 at the bottom of the blind hole. By utilizing the concentric lightening holes 21 on the workpiece, on the one hand, it can play a role in weight reduction, and on the other hand, it can play a role in supporting and positioning the expansion chuck 11. The positioning effect can be achieved without an additional clamping device to fix the expansion chuck 11, so that the drilling efficiency and drilling accuracy can be effectively improved.

[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, for the processing requirements of the concentric lightening hole 21 with a larger hole diameter, the drilling equipment also includes a self-expanding jig 40, which can be placed in the concentric lightening hole 21, wherein the self-expanding jig 40 is provided with a mounting hole 41 for cooperating with the expansion chuck 11, the side wall of the self-expanding jig 40 is provided with an opening groove 45, and a side of the mounting hole 41 away from the opening groove 45 is provided with an avoidance groove 44. After the expansion chuck 11 is placed in the mounting hole 41 in the self-expanding jig 40, the expansion of the expansion chuck 11 can tighten the self-expanding jig 40, thereby achieving the fixing of the expansion chuck 11. The opening groove 45 and the avoidance groove 44 provided on the self-expanding jig 40 can facilitate the expansion and contraction of the self-expanding jig 40.

[0048] In some embodiments, a hand-held boss 42 is provided at the upper end of the self-expanding drill jig 40, and the outer diameter of the hand-held boss 42 is larger than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill jig 40, and the outer diameter of the hand-held boss 42 is also larger than the inner diameter of the concentric lightening hole 21. The hand-held boss 42 can limit the depth of the self-expanding drill jig 40 in the concentric lightening hole 21. In addition, it is also convenient for the user to hold the hand-held boss 42 to place the self-expanding drill jig 40 in the concentric lightening hole 21 of the workpiece, or to remove the self-expanding drill jig 40 from the concentric lightening hole 21; a limiting boss 43 is provided at the inner bottom of the mounting hole 41, and the limiting boss 43 can limit the depth of the expansion chuck 11 extending into the mounting hole 41.

[0049] In some embodiments, a plurality of mounting holes 41 are provided in the self-expanding drilling template 40, and the side walls of two adjacent mounting holes 41 are connected to each other, and the axes of the plurality of mounting holes 41 are arranged parallel to each other. For example, two mounting holes 41 are provided in the self-expanding drilling template 40, and a through groove 46 is provided on the side wall between the two mounting holes 41, and the through groove 46 facilitates the expansion and contraction of the two mounting holes 41. Alternatively, three mounting holes 41 distributed along a straight line are provided in the self-expanding drilling template 40, and in design, an open groove 45 can be provided from one side to the other side, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the right end of the opening slot 45 is an open end, and the self-expanding drilling template 40 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center plane of the opening slot 45 . Figures 3 to 5 The size of the self-expanding drilling template 40 shown in the figure is only an example, and the unit is millimeter. In addition, the size of the relevant size can also be changed according to actual needs.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0051] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0052] The above is a detailed introduction to a drilling method and device provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling method, characterized in that: include: Presetting a plurality of concentric lightening holes on the workpiece, wherein the concentric lightening holes are blind holes; Controlling the expansion chuck of the automatic feed drill to move into the blind hole, and making the expansion chuck tighten against the inner wall of the blind hole; The drill bit of the automatic feed drill is activated to drill a rivet hole at the bottom of the blind hole.

2. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the concentric lightening hole is D1=D+0.05mm, where dimension D is the diameter of the expansion chuck when it is contracted; the depth of the concentric lightening hole is H=t-t1, and is not less than 8mm, where dimension t is the thickness of the workpiece, and dimension t1 is the depth of the riveting hole.

3. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before controlling the expansion chuck of the automatic feed drill to move into the blind hole, the method further comprises: A self-expanding drill jig is placed in the blind hole, a mounting hole for cooperating with the expansion chuck is provided in the self-expanding drill jig, and an opening groove is provided on the side wall of the self-expanding drill jig.

4. The drilling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hand-held boss is provided at the upper end of the self-expanding drilling template, and the outer diameter of the hand-held boss is larger than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drilling template.

5. The drilling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting boss is provided at the inner bottom of the mounting hole.

6. The drilling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the mounting hole is D2=D+0.05mm, wherein dimension D is the diameter of the expansion chuck when it is contracted; the width of the opening groove is 2mm; the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill jig is D3=D1-0.05mm, wherein dimension D1 is the diameter of the concentric lightening hole; the outer diameter of the handheld boss is 4mm larger than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill jig; the height of the limiting boss is 10mm, and the inner hole diameter of the limiting boss is 20mm.

7. A drilling device for implementing the drilling method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The drilling equipment comprises: an automatic feed drill, the automatic feed drill comprises an expansion chuck and a drill bit, the expansion chuck is used to brace against the inner wall of a concentric lightening hole of a workpiece, the concentric lightening hole is a blind hole, and the drill bit is used to drill a rivet hole at the bottom of the blind hole.

8. The drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that The drilling equipment also includes a self-expanding drill jig, which is provided with a mounting hole for cooperating with the expansion chuck, a side wall of the self-expanding drill jig is provided with an open groove, and a side of the mounting hole away from the open groove is provided with an avoidance groove.

9. The drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that A hand-held boss is provided at the upper end of the self-expanding drill template, and the outer diameter of the hand-held boss is larger than the outer diameter of the body of the self-expanding drill template; a limiting boss is provided at the inner bottom of the mounting hole.

10. The drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that A plurality of the mounting holes are arranged in the self-expanding drilling template, the side walls of two adjacent mounting holes are connected to each other, and the axes of the plurality of mounting holes are arranged parallel to each other.

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