Anti-typhoon FSRU mooring system

Abstract

An anti-typhoon FSRU mooring system is characterized in that a plurality of berthing piers are arranged in a row on the sea, an FSRU ship transversely leans against the berthing piers, the berthing piers are located in the middle of the FSRU ship, the distribution range of the berthing piers is not smaller than 40% of the FSRU ship, an LNG ship transversely leans against the outer side of the FSRU ship, and a rubber fender is arranged between the FSRU ship and the LNG ship. Two FSRU mooring piers and an LNG mooring pier are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the berthing pier, the two FSRU mooring piers are arranged side by side behind the berthing pier and away from the berthing pier on the outermost side by at least 40 m, and the LNG mooring pier and the berthing pier are located on the same horizontal line. The FSRU ship tying pier, the LNG ship tying pier and the berthing pier are sequentially connected through a gap bridge, the FSRU ship tying pier is moored with the bow end and the stern end of an FSRU ship, and the LNG ship tying pier is moored with an LNG ship. The wind resistance of the FSRU ship is greatly improved, the defect that an existing FSRU ship cannot resist typhoons is overcome, the installation and maintenance cost of the FSRU ship in the later period is reduced, the FSRU ship is suitable for long-term mooring use, and the defects that traditional tandem mooring is long in construction period and high in cost are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of ship construction and design, and in particular relates to a typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the advantages of high safety and convenient transportation, liquefied natural gas (LNG) has been applied more and more widely and is becoming the new favorite of the world's energy industry. As a new high-end equipment in today's international marine engineering, the offshore LNG floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU ship) can be used as an offshore terminal to provide natural gas to the land. Its function is equivalent to a natural gas station that can store, regasify and supply natural gas to the land.

[0003] However, the site selection of FSRU ships is affected by the local environment and usually needs to be selected in areas with mild sea conditions. Most coastal areas in my country are subject to typhoons, and the traditional FSRU ship mooring method is difficult to resist typhoon sea conditions. When the wind level is high, the FSRU ship needs to be disconnected from the terminal, the mooring cables need to be released, and the FSRU ship needs to be moved to a safe anchorage and reinstalled after the typhoon, resulting in an increase in the subsequent maintenance and installation costs and reducing the operating efficiency of the FSRU ship; especially in the southeast coast, typhoons are frequent and the daily sea conditions are relatively severe. The application of the traditional FSRU ship and LNG ship siding mooring solution has a short export window period and cannot be effectively implemented in sea areas with severe sea conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the environmental resistance level of FSRU permanent mooring and FSRU-LNG ship joint mooring. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system, which aims to improve the environmental resistance level of the permanent mooring of FSRU ships and the joint mooring of FSRU ships and LNG ships. The technical solution adopted is: A typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system has multiple mooring piers fixed at sea, which are arranged in a row with intervals between them. The FSRU ship moors horizontally on the mooring piers, and the multiple mooring piers are located in the middle of the FSRU ship, with a distribution range of not less than 40% of the FSRU ship. The LNG ship moors horizontally on the outside of the FSRU ship, and a rubber fender is arranged between the FSRU ship and the LNG ship.

[0005] FSRU mooring piers and LNG mooring piers are symmetrically arranged at the bow and stern ends of the mooring pier. There are two FSRU mooring piers and one LNG mooring pier on each side of the mooring pier. The two FSRU mooring piers are arranged side by side at the rear of the mooring pier, at least 40m away from the outermost mooring pier. The LNG mooring pier is on the same horizontal line as the mooring pier.

[0006] The FSRU mooring pier, LNG mooring pier and berthing pier are connected in sequence through a bridge. The FSRU mooring pier is extended with FSRU mooring cross cables to be moored to the bow and stern of the FSRU ship, and the LNG mooring pier is extended with shore mooring cables to be moored to the LNG ship.

[0007] The FSRU ship and the LNG ship are fixed by the LNG mooring cross cable. Quick-release hooks are provided on the decks of the bow and the stern of the FSRU ship. One end of the LNG mooring cross cable is fixed to the quick-release hook, and the other end is fixed to the fairlead hole on the side of the LNG ship.

[0008] The above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system is further fixed by piling to the pier.

[0009] The above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system further comprises a mooring pier fender provided between the mooring pier and the FSRU vessel.

[0010] In the above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system, further, the maximum deformation of the fender is at least 1.5 meters.

[0011] The above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system further comprises a plurality of winches fixed on the bow and the fore decks of the FSRU vessel, and the pre-tension of the FSRU mooring transverse cable is adjusted and locked by the winches.

[0012] In the above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system, further, the angle between the FSRU mooring transverse cable and the FSRU ship length direction is between 60 and 90 degrees, which is infinitely close to 90 degrees.

[0013] The above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system further has an LNG ship fall cable between the FSRU ship and the LNG ship, and the angle between the LNG ship fall cable and the length direction of the FSRU ship is between 5 and 20 degrees, which is infinitely close to 5 degrees.

[0014] The above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system, further, is provided with a fairlead hole on the side of the FSRU ship, the position of the fairlead hole on the side of the FSRU ship corresponds to the position of the fairlead hole on the side of the LNG ship, and the LNG mooring cross cable passes through the fairlead hole on the side of the FSRU ship and the fairlead hole on the side of the LNG ship in sequence.

[0015] The above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system further comprises a FSRU mooring cable arranged between the pier and the FSRU vessel.

[0016] In the above-mentioned typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system, further, the pre-tension of the FSRU mooring transverse cable needs to be ensured to be at least 10 tons at low tide.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention proposes a mooring scheme for a single-system mooring terminal for FSRU ships. By designing and selecting wear-resistant steel wire ropes + high-elastic nylon ropes, large-size cylindrical fenders, and rationally arranging the positions and angles of the cables, the wind resistance of the FSRU ship is greatly improved, making up for the fact that the existing FSRU ships cannot resist typhoons, thereby reducing the installation and maintenance costs of the later FSRU ships.

[0018] 2. The FSRU ship and the LNG ship of the present invention are moored alongside at the dock, the FSRU ship is moored for a long time, and the LNG ship arriving at the port is moored outside the FSRU ship. When the FSRU ship is permanently moored, a configuration scheme of steel wire rope + nylon rope is adopted. The application of steel wire rope can effectively reduce the size of the mooring winch equipment, improve the deck utilization rate, and is more suitable for long-term mooring use. The high elastic nylon rope is beneficial to reducing the dynamic response of the first-order wave motion to the mooring system; the mooring cable between the FSRU ship and the LNG ship adopts a composite cable of high-strength HMPE and high-elastic nylon cable, which takes into account the general mooring equipment configuration level of existing LNG ships, and further provides a quick release hook by extending the cable at least 15 meters on one side of the FSRU ship, which can quickly achieve connection and increase the length of the nylon cable, reduce the change of cable stiffness caused by waves, tide level and loading changes, and increase the operation window period of the side-by-side mooring.

[0019] 3. The present invention adopts the mode of FSRU and LNG ship mooring side by side, which can reduce the use length of the opposite shore station, has a simple process, and solves the shortcomings of the traditional serial mooring with long construction period and high cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the boat pier; Among them: 1-FSRU ship, 2-LNG ship, 3-berthing pier, 4-FSRU mooring pier, 5-bridge, 6-FSRU mooring transverse cable, 7-FSRU mooring reverse cable, 8-berthing pier fender, 9-winch, 10-quick release hook, 11-rubber fender, 12-LNG mooring reverse cable, 13-LNG mooring transverse cable, 14-shore cable, 15-fairlead, 16-LNG mooring pier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] A typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system, taking a 175,000-ton FSRU as an example, Figure 1As shown, three groups of mooring piers are arranged, distributed in the middle of the ship, and two groups symmetrically distributed at the bow and stern. The mooring piers are fixed by piling. The middle mooring pier can withstand a load of 2000 tons, and the bow and stern groups can withstand a load of 1000 tons. The FSRU ship is moored horizontally on the mooring piers. Multiple mooring piers are located in the middle and both sides of the FSRU ship, and their distribution range is not less than 40% of the FSRU ship. The LNG ship is moored horizontally on the outside of the FSRU ship, and a rubber fender is set between the FSRU ship and the LNG ship.

[0023] FSRU mooring piers and LNG mooring piers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mooring pier. There are two FSRU mooring piers and one LNG mooring pier on each side of the mooring pier. The two FSRU mooring piers are arranged side by side at the rear of the mooring pier, at least 40m away from the outermost mooring pier. The LNG mooring pier is on the same horizontal line as the mooring pier.

[0024] The FSRU mooring pier, LNG mooring pier and berthing pier are connected in sequence through a bridge. The FSRU mooring pier is extended with FSRU mooring cross cables to be moored to the bow and stern of the FSRU ship, and the LNG mooring pier is extended with shore mooring cables to be moored to the LNG ship.

[0025] The FSRU ship and the LNG ship are fixed by the LNG mooring cross cable. The decks of the bow and the rear of the FSRU ship are equipped with quick release hooks to achieve quick connection and release of the cable. One end of the LNG mooring cross cable is fixed to the quick release hook, and the other end is fixed to the fairlead hole on the side of the LNG ship.

[0026] There are 6 groups of mooring piers, each of which can moor up to 6 cables. The mooring piers can withstand a cable tension load of 1,000 tons. The minimum distance between the mooring pier and the berthing side of the FSRU is 42m.

[0027] There are 8 groups of mooring pier fenders on the three groups of mooring piers. The maximum reaction force of the fenders is 500 tons. When the compression is 50%, the deformation is 1.5 meters.

[0028] The cables of FSRU mooring transverse cable and FSRU mooring return cable are composite cables, FSRU mooring transverse cable and LNG mooring transverse cable are steel wire ropes, FSRU mooring return cable and LNG mooring return cable are high-elastic nylon ropes with a length of 11 meters and a breaking elongation of 22%.

[0029] The pre-tension of the wire rope on the FSRU is adjusted and locked by the winch on the FSRU. The pre-tension is 10 tons at low tide to ensure that the offset of the FSRU ship meets the engineering requirements under other water level changes.

[0030] The minimum angle between the FSRU mooring cross line and the FSRU length is 60 degrees.

[0031] The angle between the FSRU mooring line and the FSRU length is 8 degrees.

[0032] There are four rubber fenders with a diameter of 8 meters on the other side of the FSRU ship.

Claims

1. A typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system, characterized in that: A plurality of mooring piers (3) are fixed at sea, the plurality of mooring piers are arranged in a row, and there are intervals between the plurality of mooring piers. The FSRU ship (1) is moored transversely on the mooring piers, the plurality of mooring piers are located in the middle of the FSRU ship, and their distribution range is not less than 40% of the FSRU ship. The LNG ship (2) is moored transversely on the outer side of the FSRU ship, and a rubber fender (11) is arranged between the FSRU ship and the LNG ship. Two FSRU mooring piers (4) and one LNG mooring pier (16) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the mooring pier. The two FSRU mooring piers are arranged side by side at the rear of the mooring pier and are at least 40m away from the outermost mooring pier. The LNG mooring pier is located on the same horizontal line as the mooring pier. The FSRU mooring pier, the LNG mooring pier and the berthing pier are connected in sequence through a bridge (5); the FSRU mooring pier is provided with a FSRU mooring transverse cable (6) for mooring with the bow and stern of the FSRU ship; and the LNG mooring pier is provided with a shore mooring cable (14) for mooring with the LNG ship; The FSRU ship and the LNG ship are fixed via an LNG mooring transverse cable (13); quick-release hooks (10) are arranged on the decks of the bow and the stern of the FSRU ship; one end of the LNG mooring transverse cable is fixed to the quick-release hook, and the other end is fixed to a fairlead (15) on the side of the LNG ship.

2. A typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mooring pier is fixed by piling.

3. The typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mooring pier fender (8) is arranged between the mooring pier and the FSRU vessel.

4. The typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum deformation of the fender is at least 1.5 meters.

5. The typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of winches (9) are fixed on the bow and fore decks of the FSRU ship, and the pre-tension of the FSRU mooring transverse cable is adjusted and locked by the winches.

6. The typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of the FSRU mooring cross cable to the FSRU length is between 60 and 90 degrees, which is as close to 90 degrees as possible.

7. The typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An LNG mooring cable (12) is arranged between the FSRU ship and the LNG ship, and the angle between the LNG mooring cable and the length direction of the FSRU ship is between 5 and 20 degrees, which is infinitely close to 5 degrees.

8. The typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fairlead hole (15) is arranged on the side of the FSRU ship, the position of the fairlead hole on the side of the FSRU ship corresponds to the position of the fairlead hole on the side of the LNG ship, and the LNG mooring cross cable passes through the fairlead hole on the side of the FSRU ship and the fairlead hole on the side of the LNG ship in sequence.

9. The typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An FSRU mooring cable (7) is arranged between the pier and the FSRU vessel.

10. The typhoon-proof FSRU mooring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pre-tension of the FSRU mooring cross-cable must be ensured to be at least 10 tons at low tide.

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