Intelligent loading system and method based on big data

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent loading system and method based on big data, and relates to the technical field of intelligent loading. Comprising a vehicle confirmation module which is used for automatically reading vehicle information of a coal train, confirming whether the coal train is a correct vehicle or not, and outputting a vehicle correct signal if the coal train is the correct vehicle; the train moving module is used for controlling the train to move and detecting and outputting position data of the coal train in real time; the coal loading module loads coal into the coal train according to the position data and records and outputs weight data; the coal leveling compaction module collects meteorological data, analyzes the meteorological data to obtain a coal leveling height, and performs coal leveling on the coal train according to the coal leveling height; the coal leveling compaction module comprises a coal leveling height assembly, a coal leveling controller and a coal leveler, and the coal leveling height assembly analyzes and outputs a coal leveling height signal according to the weight data; and the coal leveling controller controls the coal leveler to work according to the coal leveling height signal. According to the invention, the environmental protection property of intelligent loading based on big data is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent loading, and in particular to an intelligent loading system and method based on big data. Background Art

[0002] In today's coal transportation field, the automatic loading technology of train coal is gradually becoming a key means to improve transportation efficiency, reduce labor intensity and reduce environmental pollution. Compared with traditional manual loading, automatic loading technology greatly shortens the loading time and improves the overall efficiency of railway transportation. At the same time, it reduces manual participation, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and improves the working environment. In the current automatic loading technology of train coal, dust suppressants are usually added to coal to reduce the dust generated during transportation and loading and unloading of coal, thereby reducing environmental pollution and protecting the health of the surrounding people. However, the spraying of dust suppressants will not only increase the cost of coal loading, but also some dust suppressants will change the water content or surface properties of coal, thereby affecting its combustion efficiency or subsequent processing performance. At the same time, some dust suppressants have poor degradability in the environment, and long-term and large-scale use will cause certain pollution to the soil, water and other environments. Therefore, using dust suppressants to reduce dust during transportation will not only increase costs and affect coal quality, but also be detrimental to environmental protection. The solution can be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent loading system and method based on big data to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] In the first aspect, the intelligent loading system based on big data provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions: The vehicle confirmation module is used to automatically read the vehicle information of the coal train, and confirm whether the coal train is the correct vehicle according to the vehicle information. If it is the correct vehicle, it outputs a vehicle correct signal; The vehicle movement module is connected to the vehicle confirmation module signal, and is used to receive the vehicle correct signal, control the train movement and output the position data after detecting the position of the coal train in real time; The coal loading module is connected to the vehicle moving module by signal, and is used to receive the position data, load coal into the coal train according to the position data, and output weight data after recording the weight of the loaded coal; The flat coal compacting module is connected to the coal loading module signal, and is used to receive the weight data, collect meteorological data, obtain the flat coal height according to the weight data and meteorological data analysis, and flatten the coal for the coal train according to the flat coal height; The flat coal compaction module includes a flat coal height component, a flat coal controller and a flat coal device. The flat coal height component is signal-connected to the coal loading module for receiving the weight data and outputting a flat coal height signal based on the weight data analysis; the flat coal controller is signal-connected to the flat coal height component for receiving the flat coal height signal. The flat coal controller is signal-connected to the flat coal device for controlling the operation of the flat coal device based on the flat coal height signal.

[0005] Preferably, the coal loading module includes a chute assembly and a weight assembly, the chute assembly is signal-connected to the vehicle movement module, for receiving the position data, and adjusting the angle, telescopic length and chute switch of the chute according to the position data and then outputting the chute data; the weight assembly is signal-connected to the vehicle movement module, for receiving the position data, and recording the coal weight of each carriage of the coal train according to the position data and outputting the weight data.

[0006] Preferably, the weight component includes a weighing unit and an alarm unit. The weighing unit is used to obtain the weight and weight distribution of the coal in the coal train compartment and output weight data; the alarm unit is connected to the weighing unit signal, is used to receive the weight data, and judge whether weight concentration occurs based on the weight distribution. If weight concentration occurs, an alarm is promptly issued to notify the user.

[0007] Preferably, the flat coal height component includes a loading and unloading difficulty unit, an external environment unit, a coal characteristic unit and a flat coal height unit. The loading and unloading difficulty unit is signal-connected with the coal loading module for receiving the weight data, evaluating the difficulty of unloading coal according to the weight data, and obtaining the maximum threshold value of coal compactness according to the unloading difficulty; the external environment unit is used to detect the external meteorological environment and output meteorological data; the coal characteristic unit is signal-connected with the external environment unit for receiving the meteorological data, collecting coal physical characteristic data, and obtaining the minimum threshold value of coal compactness according to the meteorological data and the coal physical characteristic data; the flat coal height unit is signal-connected with the loading and unloading difficulty unit and the coal characteristic unit for receiving the maximum threshold value of coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness, confirming the height of the coal leveler according to the maximum threshold value of coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness, and outputting a flat coal height signal.

[0008] Preferably, the loading and unloading difficulty unit is configured as a microcomputer, and the microcomputer is connected to the weight component signal to receive the weight data, obtain the historical coal unloading records, query all coal compactnesses of successful coal unloading under the corresponding weight according to the historical coal unloading records, and select the coal compactness with the largest value from all coal compactnesses as the maximum threshold value of the coal compactness.

[0009] Preferably, the external environment unit includes a humidity sensor and a wind sensor, the humidity sensor is used to detect air humidity and output meteorological humidity data; the wind sensor is used to detect wind speed and output meteorological wind speed data.

[0010] Preferably, the coal characteristic unit is configured as a collection subunit, a judgment subunit and a calculation subunit, the collection subunit is used to collect and output coal characteristic data, the coal characteristic data including coal moisture content and coal particle size distribution data; the judgment subunit is signal-connected with the collection subunit and the external environment unit, and is used to receive the coal characteristic data and the meteorological data, confirm the flowability performance value of the coal according to the coal characteristic data and the meteorological humidity data, and judge whether the coal dust level reaches a preset dust level threshold according to the meteorological wind speed data, and output a calculation signal if the preset dust level threshold is reached; the calculation subunit is signal-connected with the judgment subunit, and is used to receive the calculation signal, calculate the dust difference between the dust level and the dust level threshold, and confirm the minimum threshold of the coal compactness according to the dust difference.

[0011] Preferably, the flat coal height unit includes a fragmentation subunit and a height subunit, and the fragmentation subunit is signal-connected with the loading and unloading difficulty unit and the coal characteristics unit, and is used to receive the maximum threshold value of the coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of the coal compactness, form a coal compactness range, obtain the coal fragmentation threshold value, and obtain the corresponding coal compactness according to the coal fragmentation threshold value and the coal compactness range and record it as the final compactness; the height subunit is signal-connected with the fragmentation subunit and the weight component, and is used to receive the final compactness and the weight data, obtain the car volume parameters of the coal train, and calculate the expected height of the coal according to the weight data and the car volume parameters; obtain the initial compactness of the coal, calculate the height difference according to the initial compactness and the final compactness, calculate the flat coal height in combination with the expected coal height and the height difference, and output the flat coal height signal.

[0012] Preferably, the fragmentation subunit is configured as a processor, which obtains a coal fragmentation threshold, obtains a corresponding coal compactness according to the coal fragmentation threshold and records it as a reference compactness; determines whether the reference compactness is within the coal compactness range, and if the reference compactness is within the coal compactness range, uses the reference compactness as the final compactness; if the reference compactness is not within the coal compactness range, determines whether the reference compactness is greater than a maximum threshold of the coal compactness, and if the reference compactness is greater than the maximum threshold of the coal compactness, uses the maximum threshold of the coal compactness as the final compactness; if the reference compactness threshold is not greater than the maximum threshold of the coal compactness, sets a weight ratio of the reference compactness and a minimum threshold of the coal compactness, respectively, calculates an ideal compactness according to the reference compactness, the minimum threshold of the coal compactness and the corresponding weight ratio, and selects the coal compactness in the coal compactness range that is closest to the ideal compactness as the final compactness.

[0013] In the second aspect, the intelligent loading method based on big data provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions: Intelligent loading methods based on big data include: Read the vehicle information of the coal train, and confirm whether the coal train is the correct vehicle according to the vehicle information; If it is the correct vehicle, the train is controlled to move and the position of the coal train is detected in real time to obtain the position data; Loading coal into the coal train according to the position data and recording the weight of the loaded coal to obtain weight data; Evaluate the difficulty of unloading coal and obtain the maximum threshold of coal compactness based on the unloading difficulty; Detect the external meteorological environment and obtain meteorological data, collect coal physical property data, and obtain the minimum threshold value of coal compactness based on the meteorological data and coal physical property data; The height of the coal leveler is determined based on the maximum threshold value of coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness, combined with the preset threshold value of coal fragmentation; The operation of the coal leveler is controlled according to the height of the coal leveler, and the user is prompted that loading is complete after the coal leveler has finished working.

[0014] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The vehicle confirmation module automatically reads the vehicle information of the coal train and confirms the coal train. The vehicle movement module controls the movement of the train and detects the position of the coal train in real time. The coal loading module loads coal into the coal train according to the position, and outputs the weight data after recording the weight of the loaded coal. The coal leveling and compacting module collects meteorological data, obtains the coal leveling height based on the weight data and meteorological data, and levels the coal for the coal train based on the coal leveling height. In the process of leveling coal for the coal train, the weight of the coal train and the external weather are combined to reduce the use of dust suppressants and improve the economy of intelligent loading based on big data.

[0015] 2. The difficulty of unloading coal is assessed through the loading and unloading difficulty unit to obtain the maximum threshold of coal compactness. The external meteorological environment is detected through the external environment unit and meteorological data is output. The coal characteristics unit is used to collect coal physical characteristics data, and the minimum threshold of coal compactness is obtained based on the meteorological data and coal physical characteristics data. The flat coal height unit confirms the height of the flat coal device according to the maximum threshold of coal compactness and the minimum threshold of coal compactness and outputs the flat coal height signal. The coal compactness is confirmed from the difficulty of unloading coal, external meteorology and coal characteristics, and the flat coal height is obtained for flat coal operation. The coal compactness is set according to the actual situation to reduce dust, which is more environmentally friendly than dust suppressants and improves the environmental friendliness of intelligent loading based on big data.

[0016] 3. Obtain the coal fragmentation threshold through the fragmentation subunit, and obtain the corresponding reference compactness. According to the three situations that the reference compactness is less than the minimum threshold of the coal compactness range, greater than the maximum threshold of the coal compactness, and within the coal compactness range, respectively confirm the final appropriate coal compactness as the final compactness. Then use the height subunit to confirm the height of the coal leveler according to the final compactness, and carry out subsequent coal leveling work. The coal fragmentation situation is taken into account in the setting of the coal leveling height, which reduces the loss of coal caused by coal leveling, is more in line with the actual transportation situation, and improves the practicality of intelligent loading based on big data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of module connection of an embodiment of an intelligent loading system based on big data of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a connection diagram of the flat coal height components of an embodiment of the intelligent loading method based on big data of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the specific steps of an embodiment of the intelligent loading method based on big data of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Vehicle confirmation module; 2. Vehicle movement module; 3. Coal loading module; 31. Chute assembly; 32. Weight assembly; 321. Weighing unit; 322. Alarm unit; 4. Flat coal compaction module; 41. Flat coal height assembly; 411. Loading and unloading difficulty unit; 412. External environment unit; 4121. Humidity sensor; 4122. Wind sensor; 413. Coal characteristic unit; 4131. Collection subunit; 4132. Judgment subunit; 4133. Calculation subunit; 414. Flat coal height unit; 4141. Crushing subunit; 4142. Height subunit; 42. Flat coal controller; 43. Flat coal device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Below is a combination of the embodiments and Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention is further described in detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0022] The present invention discloses an intelligent loading system based on big data, which specifically includes: The vehicle confirmation module 1 is used to automatically read the vehicle information of the coal train, and confirm whether the coal train is a correct vehicle according to the vehicle information. If it is a correct vehicle, a vehicle correct signal is output.

[0023] The vehicle confirmation module 1 includes a camera and intelligent software. The camera takes a picture of the vehicle information in the carriage, and reads the vehicle information through the intelligent analysis software to ensure that each vehicle is read correctly. After the vehicle is aligned, a complete weighing list is formed, including information such as vehicle model, vehicle number, car body weight, load, etc., to prepare for automatic loading. The system automatically generates a weighing list in the server management system based on the read vehicle information. By marking the vehicles to be loaded in the table, the system automatically identifies the faulty vehicle information. When the faulty vehicle arrives at the loading position, the traction winch does not stop, the loading belt conveyor and the upper system stop, and the system automatically pushes the faulty vehicle off the track scale to prevent the faulty vehicle from being loaded by mistake.

[0024] The vehicle movement module 2 is connected to the vehicle confirmation module 1 by signal, and is used to receive the correct signal of the vehicle, control the movement of the train, detect the position of the coal train in real time, and then output the position data.

[0025] During the loading process, the belt conveyor does not stop running when the carriage passes. Controlling the forward speed of the traction winch can realize the moving speed control of the coal train. With laser radar detection technology as the core, its high detection accuracy, high scanning frequency, long-distance and wide-angle scanning range and all-weather operation are used to acquire on-site data, realize accurate detection of the carriage position, and control the positioning accuracy at the centimeter level, so as to realize subsequent automatic continuous and balanced loading.

[0026] The coal loading module 3 is connected to the vehicle moving module 2 by signal, and is used to receive the position data, load coal into the coal train according to the position data, and output the weight data after recording the weight of the loaded coal.

[0027] The flat coal compacting module 4 is connected to the coal loading module 3 by signal, and is used to receive weight data, collect meteorological data, obtain the flat coal height according to the weight data and meteorological data analysis, and flatten the coal for the coal train according to the flat coal height.

[0028] The flat coal compacting module 4 includes a flat coal height component 41, a flat coal controller 42 and a flat coal device 43. The flat coal height component 41 is connected to the coal loading module 3 by signal, and is used to receive weight data and output a flat coal height signal according to the weight data analysis. The flat coal controller 42 is connected to the flat coal height component 41 by signal, and is used to receive the flat coal height signal. The flat coal controller 42 is connected to the flat coal device 43 by signal, and controls the operation of the flat coal device 43 according to the flat coal height signal.

[0029] In actual use, in general loading systems, dust suppressants are usually sprayed to reduce dust during transportation. However, the use of dust suppressants will not only affect the coal, but also the ecological environment. During the loading process, it is necessary to solve the problem of uneven distribution of coal in the carriage through coal leveling operations. Therefore, by operating the height of the coal leveler and changing the compactness of the coal, dust during transportation can be reduced, which not only reduces the cost, but also improves the environmental friendliness of coal transportation.

[0030] The coal loading module 3 includes a chute assembly 31 and a weight assembly 32. The chute assembly 31 is connected to the vehicle moving module 2 by signal, and is used to receive position data, and output the chute data after adjusting the angle, telescopic length and chute switch of the chute according to the position data. The weight assembly 32 is connected to the vehicle moving module 2 by signal, and is used to receive position data, and record the coal weight of each carriage of the coal train according to the position data and output the weight data.

[0031] In actual use, the carriage's travel position is detected in real time. When the loading carriage moves to the loading position, the system automatically adjusts the loading chute angle and telescopic length so that the material falls on the first loading point in the carriage. At this time, the system automatically starts the loading belt conveyor, and the automatic loading starts normally. When the weight of the first loading point reaches the specified value, the winch starts to run and the carriage moves forward. During the loading process, the system calculates the winch's operating frequency and the angle and telescopic length of the loading chute based on the amount of coal fed and the weight data fed back by the track scale, and continuously adjusts the carriage's moving speed and the angle of the chute to achieve a balanced and smooth loading effect. When the weight reaches the measurement requirement, the data is saved and the loading data is recorded. Then the winch moves forward and pulls the next carriage to the corresponding position for loading. By adjusting the chute and recording the weight distribution of coal in the carriage, it is conducive to uniform loading and reduces the weight imbalance in the carriage.

[0032] The weight component 32 includes a weighing unit 321 and an alarm unit 322. The weighing unit 321 is used to obtain the weight and weight distribution of the coal in the coal train compartment and output weight data. The alarm unit 322 is connected to the weighing unit 321 by signal, and is used to receive the weight data and determine whether the weight concentration phenomenon occurs according to the weight distribution. If the weight concentration phenomenon occurs, the alarm is promptly issued to notify the user.

[0033] In actual use, the weight data fed back by the track scale can be used to obtain the weight distribution of coal in the carriage. When the vehicle has concentrated weight, an alarm can be issued in time to notify the user and adjust the coal in the carriage. Concentrated weight refers to the situation where the weight of the goods is concentrated on a small part of the floor of the loading vehicle. Specifically, when the weight of a single piece of cargo is large and its contact area with the vehicle floor is relatively small, the weight of the cargo will fall more concentratedly on the vehicle floor, resulting in an increase in the pressure on this part of the floor. The alarm unit 322 also includes a voice subunit, which not only realizes voice alarms, but also provides voice prompts in various links. Remind patrol personnel to observe whether there are any abnormalities in the operation process and equipment operation.

[0034] The alarm unit 322 involves equipment status alarm, sensor data alarm, software control alarm, loading quality alarm, etc. Alarms of different impact levels are divided into three levels, with level one being the lowest and level three being the highest. Each level is handled differently. Level one alarm: indicates a small hidden danger of failure that is not enough to cause production interruption, such as belt deviation, light curtain single-point alarm, etc. The handling method is to display it on the upper computer interface in a more eye-catching way to remind the supervisor to pay attention. Level two alarm: includes medium-sized faults that may cause parking if major hidden dangers are present and are not handled. For example, insufficient coal quantity, auxiliary system failure, etc. The handling method is the "next section stop" logic, that is, at the same time as the alarm signal is issued, after the current section of the car is loaded, the system suspends loading and waits for manual inspection or processing to avoid larger problems. If the alarm is lifted, the system can continue loading. Level three alarm: is an alarm that requires immediate stopping of loading, such as overloading, serious eccentric loading, hydraulic system failure, etc. The handling method is to immediately lift the chute above the horizontal position, stop unloading coal, and light up the sound and light warning lights to remind the supervisor that it must be handed over to manual processing at this time. When the alarm is lifted, the system can take over again in the next car.

[0035] The coal leveling height component 41 includes a loading and unloading difficulty unit 411, an external environment unit 412, a coal characteristic unit 413 and a coal leveling height unit 414. The loading and unloading difficulty unit 411 is connected to the coal loading module 3 by signal, and is used to receive weight data, evaluate the difficulty of unloading coal according to the weight data, and obtain the maximum threshold of coal compactness according to the unloading difficulty. The external environment unit 412 is used to detect the external meteorological environment and output meteorological data. The coal characteristic unit 413 is connected to the external environment unit 412 by signal, and is used to receive meteorological data, collect coal physical characteristic data, and obtain the minimum threshold of coal compactness according to the meteorological data and coal physical characteristic data. The coal leveling height unit 414 is connected to the loading and unloading difficulty unit 411 and the coal characteristic unit 413 by signal, and is used to receive the maximum threshold of coal compactness and the minimum threshold of coal compactness, confirm the height of the coal leveler according to the maximum threshold of coal compactness and the minimum threshold of coal compactness, and output the coal leveling height signal.

[0036] In actual use, compacting the coal can effectively reduce the amount of dust generated during transportation, but the more compact the coal is, the better. Compressing the coal too tightly will make it difficult to unload the coal and affect subsequent work. The compactness of the coal can be changed by adjusting the height of the coal leveler 43. Therefore, how to set the height of the coal leveler 43 so that the coal can reduce dust and reduce the impact of flat coal on coal requires multi-faceted consideration. The external environment, the physical properties of coal, and the difficulty of unloading coal are all related to the adjustment of the height of the coal leveler. For example, if the height of the coal leveler is too high and the coal is relatively loose, dust is likely to occur, which will aggravate the pollution to the environment during transportation. If the height of the coal leveler is too low, the coal will be very compact and difficult to dump out when unloading.

[0037] The loading and unloading difficulty unit 411 is configured as a microcomputer, which is connected to the weight component 32 by signal, and is used to receive weight data, obtain historical coal unloading records, query all coal compactnesses of coal unloaded successfully under corresponding weights according to historical coal unloading records, and select the coal compactness with the largest value from all coal compactnesses as the maximum threshold of coal compactness.

[0038] In actual use, the gaps between coal particles with high compactness are small, and the fluidity is poor. The gaps between coal particles with low compactness are large, and the fluidity is good. Under the condition of the same coal fluidity and other conditions are the same, coal with heavier weight will show different behaviors when unloading due to greater inertia or gravity. For example, during mechanical unloading, coal with heavier weight is more easily driven by the turning or vibrating device, thereby accelerating its flow and unloading process. Therefore, it can be considered that the heavier the coal weight, the higher the coal compactness that can be accepted when unloading smoothly. For example, when 100 kg of coal is dumped, if the coal compactness is greater than 70, it cannot be dumped smoothly, that is, it cannot be unloaded smoothly. Therefore, the maximum threshold value of coal compactness that 100 kg of coal can accept is 70. The maximum threshold value of coal compactness that 200 kg of coal can accept is 80. Since the coal weight is heavier during dumping, its gravity is more helpful to overcome the friction between coal particles, making it easier for coal to flow out of the carriage.

[0039] The external environment unit 412 includes a humidity sensor 4121 and a wind sensor 4122. The humidity sensor 4121 is used to detect air humidity and output meteorological humidity data. The wind sensor 4122 is used to detect wind speed and output meteorological wind speed data.

[0040] In actual use, humidity has a significant effect on the fluidity of coal. An appropriate amount of moisture can increase the lubricity between coal particles and improve fluidity. However, too much moisture will cause adhesion between coal particles and reduce fluidity. Since there is no shelter on the top of the coal train, the external environmental humidity can easily affect the fluidity of coal, thereby affecting the dust of coal. Similarly, wind speed will also affect the dust of coal. Wind is the driving factor for the movement of dust particles and the dust in the atmosphere. When the wind speed gradually increases to a level sufficient to cause the scattered particles on the surface of the coal pile to undergo vector displacement under the action of the airflow, the dust particles will break away from the static state and enter a state of motion. When the wind speed reaches its critical wind speed, the coal particles will vibrate or swing back and forth due to the influence of air turbulence. As the wind speed continues to increase, once it exceeds the critical wind speed, the vibration amplitude and trend of the coal particles will also become stronger, eventually causing some coal particles in an unstable state to roll or slide along the surface of the pile, or even be carried away by the airflow to form dust. Therefore, the higher the wind speed, the higher the demand for coal compactness. The higher the coal compactness, the more it can resist the influence of wind.

[0041] The coal characteristic unit 413 is configured as a collection subunit 4131, a judgment subunit 4132 and a calculation subunit 4133. The collection subunit 4131 is used to collect and output coal characteristic data, and the coal characteristic data includes coal moisture content and coal particle size distribution data. The judgment subunit 4132 is signal-connected with the collection subunit 4131 and the external environment unit 412, and is used to receive coal characteristic data and meteorological data, confirm the flow performance value of coal according to the coal characteristic data and meteorological humidity data, and judge whether the coal dust level reaches the preset dust level threshold according to the meteorological wind speed data, and output a calculation signal if the preset dust level threshold is reached. The calculation subunit 4133 is signal-connected with the judgment subunit 4132, and is used to receive the calculation signal, calculate the dust difference between the dust level and the dust level threshold, and confirm the minimum threshold of coal compactness according to the dust difference. The coal characteristic unit 413 is configured as a data processing device, including but not limited to a computer.

[0042] In actual use, wind does affect the dust of coal, but the actual dust content is also related to the physical properties of coal. When the fluidity of coal is small, the dust will be reduced. In addition to the compactness of coal, the fluidity of coal is also related to the water content of coal and the distribution of coal particle size. Coal with uniform particle size distribution usually has good fluidity, because the gaps between particles are relatively uniform, which is conducive to the flow of coal. On the contrary, for coal with uneven particle size distribution, large particles may form a "bridge" phenomenon, which hinders the flow of small particles. When the water content of coal is higher, excessive water will cause adhesion between coal particles and reduce fluidity. Therefore, the water content of coal should not only consider the initial water content, but also the water content of coal with increased air humidity. The weight ratios of coal water content and coal particle size distribution uniformity are set respectively, and the flow performance value is calculated. The dust amount is judged according to the flow performance value and wind speed. The worse the fluidity and the higher the wind speed, the greater the dust amount, that is, the more serious the dust level. If the preset dust level threshold is not reached, it means that the coal does not need to be further compacted and can be set according to the daily coal leveling height. If the preset dust level threshold is reached, it means that the coal needs to be further compacted. At this time, according to the dust difference, combined with the preset dust level and coal compactness correspondence table, the minimum threshold of coal compactness is obtained, that is, the minimum coal compactness needs to be reached to meet the dust demand.

[0043] The flat coal height unit 414 includes a fragmentation subunit 4141 and a height subunit 4142. The fragmentation subunit 4141 is signal-connected to the loading and unloading difficulty unit 411 and the coal characteristics unit 413, and is used to receive the maximum threshold value of coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness, form a coal compactness range, obtain the coal fragmentation threshold value, obtain the corresponding coal compactness according to the coal fragmentation threshold value and the coal compactness range, and record it as the final compactness. The height subunit 4142 is signal-connected to the fragmentation subunit 4141 and the weight component 32, and is used to receive the final compactness and weight data, obtain the car volume parameters of the coal train, and calculate the expected height of the coal according to the weight data and the car volume parameters. The initial compactness of the coal is obtained, and the height difference is calculated according to the initial compactness and the final compactness. The flat coal height is calculated by combining the expected coal height and the height difference, and the flat coal height signal is output. The height subunit 4142 is configured as a calculator for calculating data.

[0044] In actual use, the process of applying pressure to coal will also cause coal fragmentation, so we cannot just consider the dust situation. If the coal is broken and cannot be used due to dust, the gain will outweigh the loss. According to the acceptable fragmentation threshold of coal, the corresponding coal compactness is obtained. Different coals have different uses and different fragmentation thresholds. If coal needs to be ground into carbon powder for use, the fragmentation threshold is higher. If coal needs to be burned in large pieces, the fragmentation threshold is lower. Obviously, the greater the compactness of the coal, the greater the degree of coal fragmentation. Coal, as a porous medium, has a large number of weak surfaces such as cracks, joints and beddings. The existence of these weak surfaces makes coal prone to breakage when subjected to external forces. Therefore, according to the acceptable degree of fragmentation of coal, the coal compactness of the coal leveler 43 that the coal can accept can be obtained. According to the confirmed coal compactness, the height of the coal leveler is confirmed. The lower the height of the coal leveler, the greater the compactness of the coal, and vice versa.

[0045] The fragmentation subunit 4141 is configured as a processor, which obtains a coal fragmentation threshold value, obtains a corresponding coal compactness according to the coal fragmentation threshold value and records it as a reference compactness. It is determined whether the reference compactness is within the coal compactness range. If the reference compactness is within the coal compactness range, the reference compactness is used as the final compactness. If the reference compactness is not within the coal compactness range, it is determined whether the reference compactness is greater than the maximum threshold value of the coal compactness. If the reference compactness is greater than the maximum threshold value of the coal compactness, the maximum threshold value of the coal compactness is used as the final compactness. If the reference compactness threshold is not greater than the maximum threshold value of the coal compactness, the weight ratio of the reference compactness and the minimum threshold value of the coal compactness is set respectively, and the ideal compactness is calculated according to the reference compactness, the minimum threshold value of the coal compactness and the corresponding weight ratio, and the coal compactness closest to the ideal compactness in the coal compactness range is selected as the final compactness.

[0046] In actual application, if the reference compactness corresponding to the acceptable coal fragmentation threshold is within the coal compactness range, the height of the coal leveler can be adjusted directly according to the reference compactness. If it is not within the range, but the reference coal compactness is greater than the maximum threshold of the coal compactness range, the maximum value of the range can be used directly. For example, the coal compactness range is 50-70, and the reference compactness is 80. The greater the reference compactness, the greater the acceptable degree of coal fragmentation. When the coal compactness is 70, the degree of coal fragmentation does not reach the fragmentation threshold, so it meets both the dust and fragmentation requirements. If the reference compactness is neither within the coal compactness range nor greater than the maximum compactness threshold, it means that the reference compactness is smaller than the minimum threshold of the coal compactness range. At this time, it is necessary to calculate based on the weight ratio of the reference compactness and the minimum threshold. For example, the reference compactness and minimum threshold are 30 and 50 respectively, and the weight ratios are 70% and 30% respectively. Then the calculation result is 30×70%+50×30%=36, which weighs the coal fragmentation and dust to get the appropriate compactness. If the reference compactness weight ratio is 100%, it means that the coal fragmentation exceeds the threshold and cannot be used. Therefore, the compactness can only be selected as 30, and the coal fragmentation cannot exceed the threshold.

[0047] The intelligent loading method based on big data, by applying the intelligent loading system based on big data as described above, includes: The vehicle information of the coal train is read, and whether the coal train is the correct vehicle is confirmed based on the vehicle information.

[0048] If it is the correct vehicle, the train is controlled to move and the position of the coal train is detected in real time to obtain the position data.

[0049] The coal train is loaded with coal according to the position data, and the weight data is obtained after the weight of the loaded coal is recorded.

[0050] Evaluate the difficulty of unloading coal and obtain the maximum threshold of coal compactness based on the unloading difficulty.

[0051] The external meteorological environment is detected and meteorological data is obtained, coal physical property data is collected, and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness is obtained based on the analysis of meteorological data and coal physical property data.

[0052] The height of the coal leveler is determined based on the maximum threshold value of coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness, combined with the preset threshold value of coal fragmentation.

[0053] The operation of the coal leveler is controlled according to the height of the coal leveler, and the user is prompted that loading is complete after the coal leveler has finished working.

[0054] In actual use, the vehicle information of the coal train is read and confirmed, the train movement is controlled to realize coal loading, and the height of the coal leveler is confirmed in combination with the difficulty of unloading coal, external weather and the preset threshold of coal fragmentation, so as to control the operation of the coal leveler and realize one-key operation of the loading process, reducing the tediousness of manual operation. At the same time, the coal is compacted by the coal leveler, thereby reducing the amount of dust during transportation and the use of dust suppressants, which reduces costs on the one hand and improves the environmental protection of loading on the other.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Intelligent loading system based on big data, characterized by: include: The vehicle confirmation module (1) is used to automatically read the vehicle information of the coal train, confirm whether the coal train is a correct vehicle according to the vehicle information, and output a vehicle correct signal if it is a correct vehicle; The vehicle movement module (2) is connected to the vehicle confirmation module (1) by signal, and is used to receive the vehicle correct signal, control the movement of the train, detect the position of the coal train in real time, and then output the position data; The coal loading module (3) is connected to the vehicle moving module (2) by signal, and is used to receive the position data, load coal into the coal train according to the position data, and output weight data after recording the weight of the loaded coal; The flat coal compacting module (4) is connected to the coal loading module (3) by signal, and is used to receive the weight data, collect meteorological data, obtain the flat coal height according to the weight data and meteorological data, and flatten the coal for the coal train according to the flat coal height; The flat coal compacting module (4) comprises a flat coal height component (41), a flat coal controller (42) and a flat coal device (43); the flat coal height component (41) is connected to the coal loading module (3) by signal, and is used to receive the weight data, and output a flat coal height signal according to the weight data analysis; the flat coal controller (42) is connected to the flat coal height component (41) by signal, and is used to receive the flat coal height signal; the flat coal controller (42) is connected to the flat coal device (43) by signal, and controls the operation of the flat coal device (43) according to the flat coal height signal.

2. The intelligent loading system based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coal loading module (3) comprises a chute component (31) and a weight component (32); the chute component (31) is connected to the vehicle moving module (2) by signal, and is used to receive the position data, and output the chute data after adjusting the angle, telescopic length and chute switch of the chute according to the position data; the weight component (32) is connected to the vehicle moving module (2) by signal, and is used to receive the position data, and record the coal weight of each carriage of the coal train according to the position data and output the weight data.

3. The intelligent loading system based on big data according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The weight component (32) comprises a weighing unit (321) and an alarm unit (322). The weighing unit (321) is used to obtain the weight and weight distribution of coal in the coal train compartment and output weight data. The alarm unit (322) is connected to the weighing unit (321) by signal, is used to receive the weight data, and judge whether a concentrated weight phenomenon occurs based on the weight distribution. If a concentrated weight phenomenon occurs, an alarm is promptly issued to notify the user.

4. The intelligent loading system based on big data according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The coal leveling height component (41) comprises a loading and unloading difficulty unit (411), an external environment unit (412), a coal characteristic unit (413) and a coal leveling height unit (414); the loading and unloading difficulty unit (411) is connected to the coal loading module (3) by signal, and is used to receive the weight data, evaluate the difficulty of unloading coal according to the weight data, and obtain the maximum threshold value of coal compactness according to the unloading difficulty; the external environment unit (412) is used to detect the external meteorological environment and output meteorological data; the coal characteristic unit (413) is connected to the external environment unit (412) by signal, and is used to receive the meteorological data, collect coal physical characteristic data, and obtain the minimum threshold value of coal compactness according to the meteorological data and the coal physical characteristic data; the coal leveling height unit (414) is connected to the loading and unloading difficulty unit (411) and the coal characteristic unit (413) by signal, and is used to receive the maximum threshold value of coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness, confirm the coal leveling device height according to the maximum threshold value of coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness, and output the coal leveling height signal.

5. The intelligent loading system based on big data according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The loading and unloading difficulty unit (411) is configured as a microcomputer, which is connected to the weight component (32) by signal, and is used to receive the weight data, obtain the historical coal unloading record, query all coal compactnesses of coal unloaded successfully under the corresponding weight according to the historical coal unloading record, and select the coal compactness with the largest value from all coal compactnesses as the maximum threshold value of the coal compactness.

6. The intelligent loading system based on big data according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The external environment unit (412) comprises a humidity sensor (4121) and a wind sensor (4122), wherein the humidity sensor (4121) is used to detect air humidity and output meteorological humidity data; and the wind sensor (4122) is used to detect wind speed and output meteorological wind speed data.

7. The intelligent loading system based on big data according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The coal characteristic unit (413) is configured as a collection subunit (4131), a judgment subunit (4132) and a calculation subunit (4133), wherein the collection subunit (4131) is used to collect and output coal characteristic data, wherein the coal characteristic data includes coal moisture content and coal particle size distribution data; the judgment subunit (4132) is signal-connected with the collection subunit (4131) and the external environment unit (412), and is used to receive the coal characteristic data and the meteorological data, confirm the flowability performance value of the coal according to the coal characteristic data and the meteorological humidity data, and judge whether the dust level of the coal reaches a preset dust level threshold according to the meteorological wind speed data, and output a calculation signal if the preset dust level threshold is reached; the calculation subunit (4133) is signal-connected with the judgment subunit (4132), and is used to receive the calculation signal, calculate the dust difference between the dust level and the dust level threshold, and confirm the minimum threshold of the coal compactness according to the dust difference.

8. The intelligent loading system based on big data according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The flat coal height unit (414) includes a fragmentation subunit (4141) and a height subunit (4142). The fragmentation subunit (4141) is signal-connected with the loading and unloading difficulty unit (411) and the coal characteristics unit (413) for receiving the maximum threshold value of the coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of the coal compactness to form a coal compactness range, obtaining the coal fragmentation threshold value, and obtaining the corresponding coal compactness according to the coal fragmentation threshold value and the coal compactness range and recording it as the final compactness; the height subunit (4142) is signal-connected with the fragmentation subunit (4141) and the weight component (32) for receiving the final compactness and the weight data, obtaining the car volume parameters of the coal train, and calculating the expected coal height according to the weight data and the car volume parameters; obtaining the initial compactness of the coal, calculating the height difference according to the initial compactness and the final compactness, and calculating the flat coal height in combination with the expected coal height and the height difference, and outputting the flat coal height signal.

9. The intelligent loading system based on big data according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The fragmentation subunit (4141) is configured as a processor, obtains a coal fragmentation threshold, obtains a corresponding coal compactness according to the coal fragmentation threshold and records it as a reference compactness; Determine whether the reference compactness is within the coal compactness range. If the reference compactness is within the coal compactness range, use the reference compactness as the final compactness. If the reference compactness is not within the coal compactness range, determine whether the reference compactness is greater than the maximum threshold of the coal compactness. If the reference compactness is greater than the maximum threshold of the coal compactness, take the maximum threshold of the coal compactness as the final compactness. If the reference compactness threshold is not greater than the maximum threshold of coal compactness, the weight ratio of the reference compactness and the minimum threshold of coal compactness is set respectively, and the ideal compactness is calculated according to the reference compactness, the minimum threshold of coal compactness and the corresponding weight ratio, and the coal compactness closest to the ideal compactness in the coal compactness range is selected as the final compactness.

10. The intelligent loading method based on big data is characterized by: By applying the intelligent loading system based on big data as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the system comprises: Read the vehicle information of the coal train, and confirm whether the coal train is the correct vehicle according to the vehicle information; If it is the correct vehicle, the train is controlled to move and the position of the coal train is detected in real time to obtain the position data; Loading coal into the coal train according to the position data and recording the weight of the loaded coal to obtain weight data; Evaluate the difficulty of unloading coal and obtain the maximum threshold of coal compactness based on the unloading difficulty; Detect the external meteorological environment and obtain meteorological data, collect coal physical property data, and obtain the minimum threshold value of coal compactness based on the meteorological data and coal physical property data; The height of the coal leveler is determined based on the maximum threshold value of coal compactness and the minimum threshold value of coal compactness, combined with the preset threshold value of coal fragmentation; The operation of the coal leveler is controlled according to the height of the coal leveler, and the user is prompted that loading is complete after the coal leveler has finished working.

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