Efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting waste heat boiler

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat boilers, and provides an efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting of a waste heat boiler, the efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system is used in cooperation with the waste heat boiler and an ash bucket, the waste heat boiler is provided with a first radiation channel, a second radiation channel and a third radiation channel, and the efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system comprises a cyclone separator arranged on the outer side of the waste heat boiler; an inlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with a flue gas inlet of the second radiation channel, a flue gas outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with a flue gas inlet of the third radiation channel through a first pipeline, a first flue gas baffle is installed on the first pipeline, and the flue gas outlet of the cyclone separator is further communicated with a flue gas outlet of the third radiation channel through a second pipeline. A second flue gas baffle plate is mounted on the second pipeline; and a slag discharge port of the cyclone separator is communicated with the ash bucket. According to the efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting the waste heat boiler, the temperature of main steam output by a superheater can rapidly reach a rated parameter when the boiler is just started.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat boilers, and in particular to a high-efficiency smoke and air circulation bypass system for starting a waste heat boiler. Background Art

[0002] For conventional waste heat boilers, Figure 1 As shown, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator enters the first radiation channel, the second radiation channel, the third radiation channel and the convection heating surface channel of the waste heat boiler in turn, and is discharged from the boiler after heat exchange with the superheater in the convection heating surface channel. At the same time, an ash hopper is usually set under the first radiation channel, the second radiation channel, the third radiation channel and the convection heating surface channel to collect ash. Fly ash treatment equipment is set at the flue gas outlet of the boiler to collect and treat the fly ash generated by the boiler.

[0003] However, the waste heat boiler currently has the following disadvantages: 1. Due to the characteristics of waste heat boilers, after new construction or renovation, the main steam temperature output by the superheater is basically low when the boiler is first started. The boiler needs to run for a period of time before it can reach the rated parameters, which reduces the work efficiency. 2. At present, for horizontal waste heat boilers, fly ash is mainly discharged to the ash conveying equipment through the ash hopper and then transported to the slag remover for solid waste treatment. The fly ash at the tail of the waste heat boiler is solidified and treated as hazardous waste after passing through the flue gas purification equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting up a waste heat boiler, so that the main steam temperature output by the superheater can quickly reach the rated parameters when the boiler is just started, and the amount of fly ash at the tail of the boiler can be reduced.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: an efficient flue gas circulation bypass system for starting a waste heat boiler, used in conjunction with a waste heat boiler and an ash hopper, wherein the waste heat boiler has a first radiation channel, a second radiation channel and a third radiation channel, comprising:

[0006] A cyclone separator, wherein the cyclone separator is arranged on the outside of the waste heat boiler, the inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the smoke inlet of the second radiation channel, the smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the smoke inlet of the third radiation channel through a first pipe, a first smoke baffle is installed on the first pipe, the smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is also connected to the smoke outlet of the third radiation channel through a second pipe, a second smoke baffle is installed on the second pipe, and the slag discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected to the ash hopper.

[0007] Furthermore, the smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is also connected to the smoke outlet of the second radiation channel through a third pipe, and a third smoke baffle is installed on the third pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a shock wave cleaning component, which includes four shock wave cleaners, and the four shock wave cleaners are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the cyclone separator.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of the shock wave cleaning components is 2-3, and the 2-3 shock wave cleaning components are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the cyclone separator.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes an expansion joint, the inlet of the expansion joint is connected to the smoke inlet of the second radiation channel, and the outlet of the expansion joint is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator.

[0011] Furthermore, a butterfly valve is installed at the inlet of the cyclone separator.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides an efficient flue gas circulation bypass system for starting up a waste heat boiler, which controls the amount of flue gas entering the third radiation channel to participate in boiler heat exchange, thereby increasing the flue gas temperature entering the convection heating surface channel, so that the main steam temperature in the superheater after heat exchange will increase rapidly and reach the rated parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing waste heat boiler;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a cyclone separator.

[0016] Figure numbers: 10-waste heat boiler, 11-first radiation channel, 12-second radiation channel, 13-third radiation channel, 14-convection heating surface channel, 15-superheater, 16-ash hopper, 20-cyclone separator, 21-first pipeline, 22-first flue gas baffle, 23-second pipeline, 24-second flue gas baffle, 25-third pipeline, 26-third flue gas baffle, 30-ash cleaning assembly, 31-ash cleaner, 40-expansion joint, 50-incinerator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0018] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0019] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "up", "down", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides an efficient flue gas circulation bypass system for starting up a waste heat boiler, which is used in conjunction with a waste heat boiler 10 and an ash hopper 16. The waste heat boiler 10 has a first radiation channel 11, a second radiation channel 12, a third radiation channel 13 and a convection heating surface channel 14. A superheater 15 is installed in the convection heating surface channel 14. The superheater 15 generates main steam after heat exchange. The above contents are all prior arts, and the specific structure will not be repeated here.

[0022] The system includes a cyclone separator 20, which is arranged outside the waste heat boiler 10. The inlet of the cyclone separator 20 is connected to the smoke inlet of the second radiation channel 12. The smoke outlet of the cyclone separator 20 is connected to the smoke inlet of the third radiation channel 13 through a first pipe 21, and a first smoke damper 22 is installed on the first pipe 21. The first smoke damper 22 is used to adjust the amount of smoke entering the smoke inlet of the third radiation channel 13. The smoke outlet of the cyclone separator 20 is also connected to the smoke outlet of the third radiation channel 13 through a second pipe 23, and a second smoke damper 24 is installed on the second pipe 23. The second smoke damper 24 is used to adjust the amount of smoke entering the smoke outlet of the third radiation channel 13. The slag discharge port of the cyclone separator 20 is connected to the ash hopper 16.

[0023] The first smoke damper 22 and the second smoke damper 24 may be pneumatically controlled or electrically controlled.

[0024] When the system is working, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator 50 enters the first radiation channel 11, the second radiation channel 12, the third radiation channel 13 and the convection heating surface channel 14 in sequence, and is discharged from the boiler after heat exchange with the superheater 15 in the convection heating surface channel 14. Among them, a part of the flue gas at the flue gas inlet of the second radiation channel 12 will enter the cyclone separator 20 for separation, and the separated high-temperature flue gas will be discharged through the flue gas outlet, and the separated ash will be discharged from the slag discharge port into the ash hopper 16.

[0025] This system has three working states:

[0026] In the first working state, the first smoke damper 22 is closed, the second smoke damper 24 is closed, and the entire system does not operate.

[0027] In the second working state, the first flue gas damper 22 is closed and the second flue gas damper 24 is opened, and the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the cyclone separator 20 directly enters the flue gas outlet of the third radiation channel 13 through the second pipe 23, and the flue gas does not flow through the second radiation channel 12 and the third radiation channel 13, thereby reducing the heat loss of this part of the flue gas in the second radiation channel 12 and the third radiation channel 13, thereby increasing the flue gas temperature entering the convection heating surface channel 14, and maximizing the main steam temperature of the superheater 15 when the boiler is just started.

[0028] In the third working state, the first smoke damper 22 is opened and the second smoke damper 24 is closed. The high-temperature smoke discharged from the smoke outlet of the cyclone separator 20 directly enters the smoke inlet of the third radiation channel 13 through the first pipe 21. The smoke does not flow through the second radiation channel 12 but still flows through the third radiation channel 13, reducing the heat loss of this part of the smoke in the second radiation channel 12, and the reduced heat absorption is less than that in the first working state.

[0029] On the one hand, the system controls the amount of flue gas entering the third radiation channel 13 to participate in the boiler heat exchange, thereby increasing the flue gas temperature entering the convection heating surface channel 14, so that the main steam temperature in the superheater 15 after heat exchange will increase rapidly and reach the rated parameters, thereby improving the working efficiency. On the other hand, the amount of slag discharge at the front end of the boiler is increased, but the amount of fly ash in the boiler can be reduced as a whole, reducing the investment in flue gas purification equipment at the tail end of the boiler and the amount of hazardous waste treatment.

[0030] This embodiment is a horizontally arranged waste heat boiler 10 , and the principle is the same for a vertically arranged waste heat boiler 10 .

[0031] In one embodiment, the smoke outlet of the cyclone separator 20 is also connected to the smoke outlet of the second radiation channel 12 through a third pipe 25 , and a third smoke baffle 26 is installed on the third pipe 25 .

[0032] In one embodiment, a shock wave cleaning assembly 30 is further included. The shock wave cleaning assembly 30 includes four shock wave cleaners 31 . The four shock wave cleaners 31 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the cyclone separator 20 .

[0033] The main purpose is to prevent the ash in the cyclone separator 20 from adhering to the inner wall and unable to fall off in time. The shock wave cleaning component 30 can be used to blow the inner wall of the cyclone separator 20 to facilitate the falling of the ash attached to the inner wall.

[0034] In one embodiment, the number of shock wave cleaning assemblies 30 is 2-3, and the 2-3 shock wave cleaning assemblies 30 are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the cyclone separator 20 to improve the cleaning effect.

[0035] In one embodiment, an expansion joint 40 is further included, the inlet of the expansion joint 40 is communicated with the smoke inlet of the second radiation channel 12, and the outlet of the expansion joint 40 is communicated with the inlet of the cyclone separator 20. The expansion joint 40 is used to compensate for the expansion and contraction deformation caused by temperature change.

[0036] In one embodiment, a butterfly valve is installed at the inlet of the cyclone separator 20 to close or open the flow of high-temperature flue gas to the cyclone separator 20 and control the operation or shutdown of the entire system.

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention.

[0038] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An efficient flue gas circulation bypass system for starting a waste heat boiler, used in conjunction with a waste heat boiler and an ash hopper, wherein the waste heat boiler has a first radiation channel, a second radiation channel and a third radiation channel, and is characterized in that: include: A cyclone separator, wherein the cyclone separator is arranged on the outside of the waste heat boiler, the inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the smoke inlet of the second radiation channel, the smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the smoke inlet of the third radiation channel through a first pipe, a first smoke baffle is installed on the first pipe, the smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is also connected to the smoke outlet of the third radiation channel through a second pipe, a second smoke baffle is installed on the second pipe, and the slag discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected to the ash hopper.

2. According to claim 1, a highly efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting up a waste heat boiler, characterized in that: The smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is also connected to the smoke outlet of the second radiation channel through a third pipe, and a third smoke baffle is installed on the third pipe.

3. According to claim 1, a highly efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting up a waste heat boiler, characterized in that: It also includes a shock wave cleaning component, which includes four shock wave cleaners, and the four shock wave cleaners are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the cyclone separator.

4. The efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting up a waste heat boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the shock wave cleaning components is 2-3, and the 2-3 shock wave cleaning components are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the cyclone separator.

5. The efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting up a waste heat boiler according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes an expansion joint, the inlet of the expansion joint is connected to the smoke inlet of the second radiation channel, and the outlet of the expansion joint is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator.

6. The efficient flue gas and air circulation bypass system for starting up a waste heat boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A butterfly valve is installed at the inlet of the cyclone separator.

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