Semi-centralized central air conditioner cold source control method based on multiple agents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioner control, and discloses a semi-centralized central air conditioner cold source control method based on multiple agents, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: establishing an energy consumption model of a central air conditioner cold source system; establishing an energy efficiency model of the central air-conditioning cold source system; establishing a control black box model of the central air-conditioning cold source system; a control model of the central air conditioner terminal equipment is established, the control model comprises a management intelligent agent and at least one intelligent agent control unit, the intelligent agent control unit comprises a region intelligent agent, an environment intelligent agent and a personnel intelligent agent, and the region intelligent agent, the environment intelligent agent and the personnel intelligent agent are in communication connection through wireless signals. And the regional intelligent agent and the management intelligent agent are in communication connection through the Ethernet. According to the semi-centralized central air conditioner cold source control method based on the multiple agents, the communication burden of the central controller can be reduced, the pressure calculation time can be shortened, and the operation energy efficiency of the cold source system can be improved in an assisting mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of air-conditioning control, and in particular to a multi-agent-based semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method. Background Art

[0002] According to the connection mode of the central air conditioning system control equipment and whether there is a control center, the central air conditioning control mode can be divided into four categories: centralized, semi-centralized, distributed and decentralized. Among them, the centralized and semi-centralized control modes are currently the most widely used in China, that is, there is a control center that directly establishes a communication link with each air conditioning load to realize direct information distribution. The information distributed is mostly the average distribution of demand response targets, and ultimately the air conditioning load group fully responds to the target issued by the control center. However, the survey found that the centralized or semi-centralized control mode has the following problems:

[0003] (1) When the system is large in scale, the central controller in the centralized control system needs to be connected to each device. The communication process has a heavy burden and computing pressure, is easily affected by communication failures, and has a high decision-making cost.

[0004] (2) From the perspective of control system operation results, less than 20% of central air-conditioning control systems operate well, and 50% of central air-conditioning control systems do not function or only function slightly.

[0005] (3) In terms of system energy efficiency, the annual average energy efficiency ratio (EER) of most public building refrigeration rooms does not exceed 3.5, and the energy efficiency level is low.

[0006] Multi-agents have been widely used in many fields due to their strong autonomy, responsiveness and distribution. Their distribution makes the application system more robust, more flexible and more scalable. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method based on multi-agents is urgently needed to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the central air-conditioning system while ensuring the user's environmental comfort requirements. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present disclosure proposes a multi-agent-based semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method to solve the technical problem of low energy efficiency level of semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control in the prior art.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure proposes a multi-agent-based semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method, comprising:

[0009] An energy consumption model of the central air conditioning cold source system is established. The formula of the energy consumption model is:

[0010] P ao=P chiller +P CHWpump +P CWpump +P tfan

[0011] Among them, P ao is the total energy consumption of the system, in kWh; P chiller is the energy consumption of the water-cooling unit, in kWh; P CHWpump is the energy consumption of the chilled water pump, in kWh; P CWpump is the energy consumption of cooling water pump, in kW; P tfan is the energy consumption of the cooling tower, in kWh;

[0012] An energy efficiency model of the central air conditioning cold source system is established, and the formula of the energy efficiency model is:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, Q chiller is the total cooling capacity of the host, in kWh;

[0015] A control black box model of the central air conditioning cold source system is established. The formula of the control black box model is:

[0016] EER ao =f(T CHWS ,ΔP set ,T 冷却水温差 ,T 室外湿球温度 )

[0017] Among them, EER ao is the average energy efficiency ratio, T CHWS is the chilled water outlet temperature, in °C; ΔP is the most unfavorable loop pressure difference, in Pa; T 冷却水温差 T is the temperature difference of cooling water supply and return main pipes, in °C; 室外湿球温度 is the outdoor wet-bulb temperature, in °C;

[0018] Establish a control model for the terminal equipment of central air-conditioning. The control model includes a management agent and at least one agent control unit. The agent control unit includes a zone agent, an environment agent, and a personnel agent. The zone agent, the environment agent, and the personnel agent are connected by wireless signals for communication. The zone agent and the management agent are connected by Ethernet for communication. The personnel agent is used to send out the personnel information signal of the target area. The environment agent is used to obtain the environmental information signal of the target area according to the personnel information signal. The zone agent is used to obtain the environmental information signal and the personnel information signal, and obtain the first control signal according to the environmental information signal, the personnel information signal, and the control black box model. The zone agent controls the air-conditioning terminal equipment according to the first control signal.

[0019] Optionally, the method for obtaining the personnel information signal and the environmental information signal includes:

[0020] After the human body agent enters the target area, it sends out an induction signal;

[0021] The air-conditioning terminal equipment obtains the induction signal;

[0022] The environment agent obtains the environmental information signal of the target area. The environmental information signal includes indoor temperature and humidity, illuminance, and carbon dioxide concentration.

[0023] Optionally, the zone agent is communicatively connected to the fan coil controller;

[0024] After obtaining the personnel information signal and the environmental information signal,

[0025] When T1>T0+ΔT1 and the continuous duration exceeds t1, the zone agent sends out a second control signal. The fan coil controller controls the fan of the fan coil to increase one gear in turn according to the three gears of "low gear, medium gear, high gear" until it reaches "high gear" or controls the water valve of the fan coil to increase the water valve opening until the water valve reaches 100% opening;

[0026] When T1<T0+ΔT1 and the continuous duration exceeds t1, the zone agent sends out a third control signal. The fan coil controller controls the fan of the fan coil to decrease one gear in turn according to the three gears of "low gear, medium gear, high gear" until it reaches "low gear" or controls the water valve of the fan coil to reduce the water valve opening until it reaches the lower limit opening of the water valve;

[0027] Wherein, T1 is the indoor temperature and humidity, T0 is the set temperature, ΔT1 is the threshold temperature, and t1 is the first preset duration.

[0028] Optionally, if the personnel information signal and the environmental information signal are not obtained within a second preset time period, the regional agent sends a fourth control signal, and the fan coil unit controller closes the fan coil unit and the water valve according to the fourth control signal;

[0029] The method for the management agent to control the number of operating chillers in the cold source system and the most unfavorable loop pressure difference ΔP of chilled water according to the total load demand of the cold and hot sources of each of the agent control units includes:

[0030] When the chilled water outlet temperature feedback value is greater than the outlet temperature setting value T CHWS + deviation value △T2, and the load rate is greater than the set ratio of the host load rate limit value, and the above conditions last for a third preset time t3, the unit is loaded.

[0031] When the chilled water outlet temperature feedback value is less than the outlet temperature set value T CHWS -deviation value △T2, and the sum of the unit load factors is less than the correctable limit value. If the above conditions last for a third preset time t3, the unit load is reduced.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method based on multi-agent disclosed in the present invention is equivalent to the cold source system in the semi-centralized central air-conditioning system being centrally optimized and controlled by the central management agent, while the air-conditioning terminal equipment is controlled by the regional agent. It can not only reduce the communication burden and computing pressure time of the central controller, but also help improve the energy efficiency of the cold source system and ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the central air-conditioning system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by corresponding drawings, which do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations unless otherwise stated.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method based on multi-agents in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a control model of a central air-conditioning terminal device in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of controlling a central air-conditioning terminal device in one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present disclosure. The terms used in the specification of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present disclosure. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0039] In addition, the terms first, second, third, etc. in the specification and claims are only used for the purpose of describing the same technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, nor necessarily describing the order or time sequence. The terms are interchangeable where appropriate. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0040] Similarly, the terms "fixed" and "connected" used in the specification and claims should not be construed as limited to direct connection. Therefore, the expression "device A is connected to device B" should not be limited to a device or system in which device A is directly connected to device B, but means that there is a path between device A and device B, which may be a path including other devices or tools.

[0041] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present disclosure described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a multi-agent-based semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method, comprising:

[0043] Step 1: Establish an energy consumption model of the central air conditioning cold source system. The formula of the energy consumption model is:

[0044] P ao =P chiller +P CHWpump +P CWpump +P tfan

[0045] Among them, P ao is the total energy consumption of the system, in kWh; P chiller is the energy consumption of the water-cooling unit, in kWh; P CHWpump is the energy consumption of the chilled water pump, in kWh; P CWpump is the energy consumption of cooling water pump, in kW; P tfan is the energy consumption of the cooling tower, in kWh;

[0046] Step 2: Establish an energy efficiency model for the central air conditioning cold source system. The formula of the energy efficiency model is:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, Q chiller is the total cooling capacity of the host, in kWh;

[0049] Step 3, establish a control black box model of the central air conditioning cold source system, simplify the system operation constraints and control parameters such as the chilled water outlet temperature and the most unfavorable chilled water loop pressure difference, and take the highest energy efficiency ratio of the entire cold source system as the control optimization target. The formula of the control black box model is:

[0050] EER ao =f(T CHWS ,ΔP set ,T 冷却水温差 ,T 室外湿球温度 )

[0051] Among them, EER ao is the average energy efficiency ratio, T CHWS is the chilled water outlet temperature, in °C; ΔP is the most unfavorable loop pressure difference, in Pa; T 冷却水温差 T is the temperature difference of cooling water supply and return main pipes, in °C; 室外湿球温度 is the outdoor wet-bulb temperature, in °C;

[0052] Step 4, establish a control model for the central air-conditioning terminal equipment, the control model includes a management agent and at least one agent control unit, the agent control unit includes a regional agent, an environmental agent and a personnel agent, the regional agent, the environmental agent and the personnel agent are connected via wireless signal communication, the regional agent and the management agent are connected via Ethernet communication, the personnel agent is used to send a personnel information signal of the target area, the environmental agent is used to obtain an environmental information signal of the target area according to the personnel information signal, the regional agent is used to obtain the environmental information signal and the personnel information signal, and a first control signal is obtained according to the environmental information signal, the personnel information signal and the control black box model, and the regional agent controls the air-conditioning terminal equipment according to the first control signal.

[0053] In the semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method based on multi-agents of this embodiment, the human agent is carried by a person. When the person carrying the human agent enters the target area, the human agent will continuously send personnel information signals to the surroundings so that the terminal agents in the area can recognize it.

[0054] The semi-centralized central air-conditioning cold source control method based on multi-agents in this embodiment is equivalent to the cold source system in the semi-centralized central air-conditioning system being centrally optimized and controlled by the central management agent, while the air-conditioning terminal equipment is controlled by the regional agent. It can not only reduce the communication burden and computing pressure time of the central controller, but also help improve the energy efficiency system of the cold source system, and ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the central air-conditioning system. Among them, the regional agent can use UM24552.4G low-power wireless transceiver chip and Advantech Ethernet module ADAM-6000; the environmental agent integrates temperature and humidity sensors, light intensity sensors, carbon dioxide concentration sensors, infrared counter-radiation counting devices, etc.; the personnel agent uses radio frequency identification technology to identify the radio frequency signal of the personnel identity to identify the target object; the management agent is one or more computers equipped with an efficient refrigeration room monitoring software platform. The management agent uniformly manages these data, and can also send terminal device control commands to the regional agent according to the optimization control target of step 3, and complete the control of the corresponding air-conditioning terminal equipment.

[0055] In one embodiment, the method for obtaining the personnel information signal and the environment information signal includes:

[0056] The human intelligent body sends out a sensing signal after entering the target area;

[0057] The air-conditioning terminal device obtains the sensing signal;

[0058] The environmental agent acquires the environmental information signal of the target area, and the environmental information signal includes indoor temperature and humidity, illuminance, and carbon dioxide concentration.

[0059] In one embodiment, the environmental agent and the area agent can be used as backups for adjacent agents.

[0060] In one embodiment, the area agent is communicatively connected to the fan coil controller;

[0061] After acquiring the personnel information signal and the environmental information signal,

[0062] When T1 > T0 + ΔT1 and the duration exceeds t1, the area agent issues a second control signal, and the fan coil controller controls the fan of the fan coil to increase one level in sequence according to the three levels of "low gear, medium gear, high gear" until reaching "high gear" or controls the water valve of the fan coil to increase the water valve opening until the water valve reaches 100% opening;

[0063] When T1 < T0 + ΔT1 and the duration exceeds t1, the area agent issues a third control signal, and the fan coil controller controls the fan of the fan coil to decrease one level in sequence according to the three levels of "low gear, medium gear, high gear" until reaching "low gear" or controls the water valve of the fan coil to reduce the water valve opening until reaching the lower limit opening of the water valve;

[0064] Wherein, T1 is the indoor temperature and humidity, T0 is the set temperature, ΔT1 is the threshold temperature, and t1 is the first preset duration.

[0065] In one embodiment, if the personnel information signal and the environmental information signal are not acquired within the second preset duration, the area agent issues a fourth control signal, and the fan coil controller closes the fan coil and the water valve according to the fourth control signal;

[0066] The method for the management agent to control the number of operating units of the chiller in the cold source system and the differential pressure ΔP of the most unfavorable loop of the chilled water according to the total cooling and heating load requirements of each intelligent agent control unit includes:

[0067] When the feedback value of the chilled water outlet temperature is greater than the outlet temperature set value T CHWS + deviation value △T2, and the load rate is greater than the set ratio of the host load rate limit value, and the above conditions last for the third preset duration t3, then load the unit.

[0068] When the feedback value of the chilled water outlet temperature is less than the outlet temperature set value T CHWS-deviation value △T2, and the sum of the unit load factors is less than the correctable limit value. If the above conditions last for a third preset time t3, the unit load is reduced.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Under the idea of ​​the present disclosure, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may also be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present disclosure as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in each of the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A semi-centralized central air conditioning cold source control method based on multi-agent, characterized in that: Including: Establishing an energy consumption model for the central air-conditioning cold source system, the formula of the energy consumption model being: P ao =P chiller +P CHWpump +P CWpump +P tfan Among them, P ao is the total energy consumption of the system, in kWh; P chiller is the energy consumption of the water-cooling unit, in kWh; P CHWpump is the energy consumption of the chilled water pump, in kWh; P CWpump is the energy consumption of cooling water pump, in kW; P tfan is the energy consumption of the cooling tower, in kWh; Establishing an energy efficiency model for the central air-conditioning cold source system, the formula of the energy efficiency model being: Among them, Q chiller is the total cooling capacity of the host, in kWh; Establishing a control black box model for the central air-conditioning cold source system, the formula of the control black box model being: EER ao =f(T CHWS ,ΔP set ,T 冷却水温差 ,T 室外湿球温度 ) Among them, EER ao is the average energy efficiency ratio, T CHWS is the chilled water outlet temperature, in °C; ΔP is the most unfavorable loop pressure difference, in Pa; T 冷却水温差 T is the temperature difference of cooling water supply and return main pipes, in °C; 室外湿球温度 is the outdoor wet-bulb temperature, in °C; Establishing a control model for the terminal equipment of the central air-conditioning, the control model including a management agent and at least one agent control unit, the agent control unit including a zone agent, an environment agent, and a personnel agent, the zone agent, the environment agent, and the personnel agent being communicatively connected via a wireless signal, the zone agent and the management agent being communicatively connected via an Ethernet, the personnel agent being configured to emit a personnel information signal of the target zone, the environment agent being configured to obtain an environment information signal of the target zone according to the personnel information signal, the zone agent being configured to obtain the environment information signal and the personnel information signal, and obtain a first control signal according to the environment information signal, the personnel information signal, and the control black box model, and the zone agent controlling the air-conditioning terminal equipment according to the first control signal.

2. The multi-agent based semi-centralized central air conditioning cold source control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A method for obtaining the personnel information signal and the environment information signal, including: After the human body agent enters the target zone, it emits an induction signal; The air-conditioning terminal equipment obtains the induction signal; The environment agent obtains the environment information signal of the target zone, the environment information signal including indoor temperature and humidity, illuminance, and carbon dioxide concentration.

3. The multi-agent based semi-centralized central air conditioning cold source control method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The zone agent is communicatively connected to the fan coil controller; If the personnel information signal and the environment information signal are obtained, When T1 > T0 + ΔT1 and the duration exceeds t1, the zone agent emits a second control signal, and the fan coil controller controls the fan of the fan coil to increase one gear in sequence according to "low gear, medium gear, high gear" until reaching "high gear" or controls the water valve of the fan coil to increase the water valve opening until the water valve reaches 100% opening; When T1 < T0 + ΔT1 and the duration exceeds t1, the zone agent emits a third control signal, and the fan coil controller controls the fan of the fan coil to decrease one gear in sequence according to "low gear, medium gear, high gear" until reaching "low gear" or controls the water valve of the fan coil to reduce the water valve opening until reaching the lower limit opening of the water valve; Wherein, T1 is the indoor temperature and humidity, T0 is the set temperature, ΔT1 is the threshold temperature, and t1 is the first preset duration.

4. The multi-agent based semi-centralized central air conditioning cold source control method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: If the personnel information signal and the environment information signal are not obtained within the second preset duration, the zone agent emits a fourth control signal, and the fan coil controller closes the fan coil and the water valve according to the fourth control signal; The method for the management agent to control the number of operating units of the chiller in the cold source system and the differential pressure ΔP of the most unfavorable loop of the chilled water according to the total cooling and heating load requirements of each agent control unit includes: When the chilled water outlet temperature feedback value is greater than the outlet temperature setting value T CHWS + deviation value △T2, and the load rate is greater than the set ratio of the host load rate limit value, and the above conditions last for a third preset time t3, the unit is loaded. When the chilled water outlet temperature feedback value is less than the outlet temperature set value T CHWS -deviation value △T2, and the sum of the unit load factors is less than the correctable limit value. If the above conditions last for a third preset time t3, the unit load is reduced.

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