Airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of cloud water collection equipment, and relates to an airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system, including: an air inlet pipe, a collection tank, an air outlet pipe, a plurality of collection bottles, a guide assembly; a centrifugal assembly, which is arranged in the air inlet pipe and located between the air inlet and the collection tank, and is used to generate centrifugal force for cloud droplets entering the air inlet pipe, and drive the cloud droplets to move along the inner wall of the air inlet pipe by centrifugal force until they enter the collection tank. The present invention can generate centrifugal force for cloud droplets entering the air inlet pipe, and drive the cloud droplets to move along the inner wall of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe by centrifugal force, and flow downward into the collection tank under the action of air shear force and gravity, and can finally enter multiple collection bottles, so that the cloud droplets can be completely collected under the action of centrifugal force, air shear force and gravity, avoiding the cloud droplets from breaking during the collection process and releasing the dissolved substances wrapped therein, and improving the accuracy of subsequent chemical analysis results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cloud water collection equipment and relates to an airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system. Background Art

[0002] Cloud water collection involves the collection and analysis of cloud droplets in the atmosphere, which is an important aspect of meteorological and environmental science research. The assessment and utilization of cloud water resources are of great significance for understanding the water cycle, improving the efficiency of water resource management, and potential artificial rainmaking technology.

[0003] At present, cloud water collectors are often used to collect cloud water samples. The cloud water collectors include multiple cylindrical rods made of Teflon or polyformaldehyde materials and storage containers. A narrow gap is opened at the front stationary point of each cylindrical rod. The cloud water collector is installed on the aircraft during collection. During the flight, when the air flows around each cylindrical rod, the cloud droplets are collected through inertial impact, merge in the gap, and flow downward along the gap into the storage container under the action of gravity and aerodynamic resistance.

[0004] However, inertial impact can easily cause cloud droplets to break up and change the size distribution of cloud droplets, resulting in the release of dissolved substances contained in the cloud droplets during the breakup process, reducing the accuracy of subsequent chemical analysis results. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system, which can collect complete cloud droplets, avoid the cloud droplets from breaking during the collection process and releasing the dissolved substances wrapped therein, and improve the accuracy of subsequent chemical analysis results.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solution of an airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system, comprising:

[0008] The air intake pipe has an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the other end. A collecting groove is provided along the circumference of the inner wall of the air intake pipe near the air outlet. The air intake pipe is installed in parallel on the aircraft.

[0009] The air outlet pipe is arranged at a position of the air inlet pipe close to the air outlet, and one end of the air outlet pipe is located in the air inlet pipe and connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe.

[0010] A plurality of collecting bottles are arranged at the lower part of the air outlet pipe, the plurality of collecting bottles are evenly arranged along the length direction of the air outlet pipe, and the plurality of collecting bottles are connected with the collecting tank through the guide assembly.

[0011] The centrifugal assembly is arranged in the air intake pipe and located between the air intake port and the collection tank. It is used to generate centrifugal force for the cloud droplets entering the air intake pipe, and drive the cloud droplets to move along the inner wall of the air intake pipe until they enter the collection tank through the centrifugal force.

[0012] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0013] The flow guide components include:

[0014] The guide pipe is arranged relatively parallel to the lower part of the air outlet pipe and is located close to multiple collecting bottles. Each collecting bottle is connected to the guide pipe through a connecting pipe. One end of each guide pipe passes through the end of the air inlet pipe and is located in the collecting tank.

[0015] The side wall of the collecting tank close to the centrifugal assembly is an inclined surface, and the distance between the collecting tank and the centrifugal assembly is 4 cm to 7 cm.

[0016] The centrifugal components include:

[0017] The central axis is horizontally arranged on the air intake pipe and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air intake pipe.

[0018] A plurality of axial flow cyclone fan blades are arranged in the air inlet pipe and are evenly arranged around the central axis. One end of each axial flow cyclone fan blade is connected to the central axis.

[0019] The end of the central axis close to the air inlet is semi-ellipsoidal, and the end of the central axis away from the air inlet is conical.

[0020] The outlet angle of each axial flow vortex fan blade is 50°~70°.

[0021] The plurality of axial flow cyclone fan blades are 10 cm to 20 cm away from the air inlet.

[0022] An annular expansion groove is provided inside the air inlet pipe near the positions of the multiple axial flow cyclone fan blades. The diameter of the annular expansion groove near the air inlet gradually increases from the air inlet to the air outlet. The bottom of the collection groove is located at the bottom of the annular expansion groove near the air outlet.

[0023] The air inlet of the air inlet pipe is a trumpet-shaped structure.

[0024] The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] First, through the cooperation of the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe, multiple collecting bottles and the centrifugal assembly, the cloud droplets entering the air inlet pipe can generate centrifugal force, which drives the cloud droplets to move along the inner walls of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, and flow downward into the collection tank under the action of air shear force and gravity, and can finally enter multiple collecting bottles, so that the cloud droplets can be completely collected under the action of centrifugal force, air shear force and gravity, avoiding the cloud droplets from breaking during the collection process and releasing the dissolved substances wrapped therein, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent chemical analysis results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the experimental structure for verifying the collection efficiency of the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Inlet pipe, 2. Outlet pipe, 3. Axial flow cyclone fan blades, 4. Collecting tank, 5. Collecting bottle, 6. Connecting pipe, 7. Blower, 8. Flow meter, 9. Delivery pipeline, 10. Valve, 11. Neutralizer, 12. Drying tank, 13. Oscillating aperture aerosol generator, 14. Central axis, 15. Guide pipe, 16. Annular expansion groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution in the present application will be described clearly and in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Among them, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B: "and / or" in the text is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, such as A and / or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two. The following terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides an airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system, including an air inlet pipe 1, an air outlet pipe 2, a plurality of collecting bottles 5 and a centrifugal assembly, one end of the air inlet pipe 1 is an air inlet, the other end of the air inlet pipe 1 is an air outlet, a collecting groove 4 is provided on the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 1 near the air outlet along its circumference, that is, the collecting groove 4 is annular, the air inlet pipe 1 is installed in parallel on the aircraft, so that when the air inlet pipe 1 flies with the aircraft, the cloud water airflow enters the air inlet pipe 1 at a high speed, the air outlet pipe 2 is arranged at a position of the air inlet pipe 1 near the air outlet, one end of the air outlet pipe 2 is located in the air inlet pipe 1 and connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 1, the air outlet pipe 2 is coaxially arranged with the air inlet pipe 1, a plurality of collecting bottles 5 are arranged at the lower part of the air outlet pipe 2, and the plurality of collecting bottles 5 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the air outlet pipe 2 The plurality of collecting bottles 5 are connected with the collecting tank 4 through the guide component, so that the cloud droplets can enter the collecting bottle 5 from the collecting tank 4. The centrifugal component is arranged in the air inlet pipe 1, and the centrifugal component is located between the air inlet and the collecting tank 4. The centrifugal component is used to generate centrifugal force for the cloud droplets entering the air inlet pipe 1, and the cloud droplets are separated from the air by the centrifugal force and move along the inner wall of the air inlet pipe into the collecting tank 4. Under the action of air shear force and gravity, the cloud droplets flow downward along the inner wall of the collecting tank 4 to the lowest bottom of the collecting tank 4, and enter the plurality of collecting bottles 5 through the guide component, so that the cloud droplets can be completely collected under the action of centrifugal force, air shear force and gravity, so as to avoid the cloud droplets from breaking during the collection process and releasing the dissolved substances wrapped therein, thereby improving the accuracy of the subsequent chemical analysis results.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the guide assembly includes a guide pipe 15, which is arranged relatively parallel to the lower part of the outlet pipe 2 and is located close to multiple collecting bottles 5. The side of the guide pipe 15 is connected to the lower part of the outlet pipe 2, and each collecting bottle 5 is connected to the guide pipe 15 through a connecting pipe 6. One end of each guide pipe 15 passes through the end of the inlet pipe 1 and is located in the collecting tank 4 and close to the lowest point of the bottom of the collecting tank 4. The other end of each guide pipe 15 is a closed structure, which facilitates cloud droplets to flow into the corresponding collecting bottle 5 through the guide pipe 15 and each connecting pipe 6 to avoid flowing out from the other end of the guide pipe 15.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the side wall of the collecting tank 4 close to the centrifugal assembly is an inclined surface, which is convenient for cloud droplets to enter the collecting tank 4 while moving along the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 1. The distance between the collecting tank 4 and the centrifugal assembly is 4 cm to 7 cm, preferably 5.5 cm, which is convenient for cloud droplets to move along the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 1 into the collecting tank 4 under the action of centrifugal force, avoiding the influence of the cloud droplet collection due to the long distance. The cloud droplet collection efficiency is optimal within this distance range. The depth of the collecting tank 4 is 0.5 cm to 0.8 cm, preferably 0.6 cm, and the width is 0.1 cm to 0.3 cm, preferably 0.2 cm.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the centrifugal component includes a central axis 14 and a plurality of axial cyclone blades 3, the central axis 14 is horizontally arranged on the air inlet pipe 1, the central axis 14 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 1, and the plurality of axial cyclone blades 3 are arranged in the air inlet pipe 1, and the plurality of axial cyclone blades 3 are evenly arranged around the central axis 14, and one end of each axial cyclone blade 3 is connected to the central axis 14. When the air inlet pipe 1 flies with the aircraft, a high-speed cloud and water airflow enters the air inlet pipe 1 and drives the plurality of axial cyclone blades 3 to rotate. During the rotation process, the plurality of axial cyclone blades 3 drive the cloud and water airflow to form a rotating flow field in the air inlet pipe 1, and the cloud droplets carried in the cloud and water airflow move to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 1 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the cloud droplets are separated from the air.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the end of the central axis 14 close to the air inlet is semi-ellipsoidal, and the end of the central axis 14 away from the air inlet is conical. By designing the front end of the central axis 14 to be semi-ellipsoidal and the rear end to be conical, the distortion of air flowing through the air inlet pipe 1 can be minimized, the aerodynamic characteristics can be improved, and the separation of cloud droplets from air can be further accelerated, thereby further preventing the cloud droplets from breaking during the collection process and releasing the dissolved substances wrapped therein.

[0038] Among them, the outlet angle of each axial cyclone fan blade 3 is 50°~70°. The outlet angle of the axial cyclone fan blade 3 refers to the angle of the blade when it leaves the rotating axis. This angle has an important influence on the performance of the axial cyclone fan blade 3. The outlet angle of the axial cyclone fan blade 3 is deflected relative to the center line of the air inlet pipe 1, which can affect the air flow and the ability to extract and collect water. As the outlet angle of the axial cyclone fan blade 3 increases, the incoming airflow is redirected and rotated to a large extent, and the total air volume passing through the air duct is more restricted, resulting in a decrease in the total flow rate and a decrease in the collection efficiency. As the outlet angle of the axial cyclone fan blade 3 decreases, the cloud droplets gathered on the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 1 maintain a large axial velocity, making it more difficult for the cloud droplets to generate radial velocity from the surface of the air duct and enter the collection tank for separation. Therefore, according to the fluid mechanics simulation results and the experimental calibration results, the outlet angle of the axial cyclone fan blade 3 is selected to be 50°~70°. At the same time, the outlet angle of the axial cyclone fan blade 3 is preferably 65°. When the outlet angle of the axial cyclone fan blade 3 is 65°, the maximum collection efficiency can be guaranteed.

[0039] Among them, multiple axial flow cyclone blades 3 are 10cm to 20cm away from the air inlet, so that the airflow can form a relatively stable airflow after passing through the front air inlet, avoiding the external airflow directly reaching the fan blades and causing turbulence when passing through the fan blades, thereby avoiding the reduction of separation efficiency and improving the effect of cloud droplet collection.

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, an annular expansion groove 16 is provided inside the air inlet pipe 1 near the positions of the multiple axial cyclone fan blades 3, and the diameter of the annular expansion groove 16 near the air inlet gradually increases from the air inlet to the air outlet, and the bottom of the collecting groove 4 is located at the bottom of the annular expansion groove 16 near the air outlet. By providing the annular expansion groove 16 near the positions of the multiple axial cyclone fan blades 3 inside the air inlet pipe 1 and gradually expanding the diameter of the entering part, the airflow entering the air inlet pipe 1 can be fully rotated and obtain a greater tangential velocity, thereby enhancing the separation effect of cloud droplets and air. The size of the airborne equipment varies limitedly. Without affecting the airborne safety and having portability, the diameter of the air inlet pipe 1 is 6 cm, the diameter of the annular expansion groove is 7 cm, and the length of the annular expansion groove is 3 cm.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the air inlet of the air inlet pipe 1 is a trumpet-shaped structure, which can be better compatible with the environment. When collecting cloud water, the problem of unstable air intake caused by aircraft turbulence or angle deviation from the air inlet will be greatly reduced. It has better robustness, and while ensuring the collection efficiency, it further avoids the breakage of cloud droplets during the collection process.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the following experimental method is used to verify the collection efficiency of an airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system of the present invention. The specific steps of the experimental method are as follows:

[0043] 1) Experimental preparation

[0044] Prepare the equipment used in the experiment: blower 7, flowmeter 8, delivery pipe 9, valve 10, neutralizer 11, drying tank 12 and oscillating aperture aerosol generator 13. Connect the air inlet of the air inlet pipe 1 to the outlet of the neutralizer 11 through the valve 10, connect the inlet of the neutralizer 11 to the outlet of the drying tank 12, connect the inlet of the drying tank 12 to the outlet of the oscillating aperture aerosol generator 13, then connect the end of the air outlet pipe 2 away from the air inlet pipe 1 to one end of the delivery pipe 9, connect the other end of the delivery pipe 9 to the inlet of the blower 7, and install the flowmeter 8 at the inlet position of the blower 7.

[0045] 2) Generate and introduce droplets

[0046] Monodisperse droplets with diameters of 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 20 μm were generated using an oscillating aperture aerosol generator 13, and each experiment was run for 4 to 5 hours. The droplets contained a fluorescein label for recovery and detection in subsequent steps.

[0047] The generated droplets are introduced into the air intake pipe 1, and the airflow generated by the blower 7 simulates the flight speed of the aircraft to ensure that the movement state of the droplets conforms to the actual flight conditions.

[0048] 3) Droplet deposition and collection

[0049] After entering the air inlet pipe 1 , the liquid droplets will be deposited at different positions due to the effect of the rotating airflow, including the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 1 , the axial flow cyclone blades 3 , the inner wall of the air outlet pipe 2 , and other positions.

[0050] After being deposited, the droplets gradually flow downward into the collecting tank 4 due to the shear force of the air and gravity, and finally enter into a plurality of collecting bottles 5 .

[0051] 4) Extraction of droplets

[0052] After each experiment, extraction is performed on multiple locations where droplets are deposited and multiple collection bottles 5. The specific method is to immerse the deposition surface in a known volume of solution to ensure that the fluorescein dye in the droplets can be completely dissolved into the solution.

[0053] A fluorescent solution was used to label the deposited droplets, and the fluorescein was transferred from the surface to the solution through an immersion process. It is important to note that the volume of solution and the type of solvent used in the experiment were precisely controlled to facilitate subsequent analysis.

[0054] 5) Detect and calculate collection efficiency

[0055] The extracted solution was placed in a spectrophotometer to detect the concentration of fluorescein, thereby calculating the amount of droplets deposited at each location.

[0056] The fluorescence intensity of fluorescein was read using a spectrophotometer and the actual amount of droplet recovered was calculated based on the known concentration-intensity curve.

[0057] Correct for multiple droplet deposition in the experiment to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0058] 6) Data analysis and collection efficiency calculation

[0059] The internal collection efficiency was obtained by summing the amount of fluorescein label recovered from all surfaces and calculating the total recovery of the droplets.

[0060] The experimental results showed that the average recovery rate was 98.3%, indicating that the recovery rate for different droplet diameters was very high.

[0061] 7) Collection efficiency calculation

[0062] The external suction efficiency is The external suction efficiency is defined as the ratio of the number of droplets entering the probe inlet to the number of all droplets in the upwind direction, and the calculation formula is:

[0063] ,

[0064] When the collector operates under sub-isokinetic conditions, small droplets can more easily bypass the inlet with the air flow, so the aspiration efficiency increases with the increase of droplet size.

[0065] The internal collection efficiency is The internal collection efficiency is defined as the proportion of droplets that enter the probe and can reach the inner wall of the upstream extraction tank and be collected. The calculation assumes that all droplets that reach the upstream extraction tank will eventually be extracted and collected. The calculation formula is:

[0066] ,

[0067] Internal collection efficiency increases with droplet diameter because larger droplets have higher inertia and reach the collection wall faster.

[0068] The total collection efficiency is , the total collection efficiency is the product of the external suction efficiency and the internal collection efficiency, that is:

[0069] ,

[0070] The total collection efficiency represents the fraction of oncoming droplets in the free stream that are ultimately collected in the extraction tank.

[0071] 50% cutoff diameter, 50% cutoff diameter is a parameter used to describe collector performance, defined as the diameter of droplets at which the collection efficiency reaches 50%. For the design of an airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system of the present invention, this diameter is about 8 microns, that is, about 50% of the droplets can be successfully collected at this diameter.

[0072] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system, characterized in that: include: An air intake pipe (1), one end of which is an air inlet, and the other end of which is an air outlet. A collecting groove (4) is provided along the circumference of the inner wall of the air intake pipe (1) near the air outlet, and the air intake pipe (1) is installed in parallel on the aircraft; An air outlet pipe (2) is arranged at a position of the air inlet pipe (1) close to the air outlet, one end of the air outlet pipe (2) is located inside the air inlet pipe (1) and connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe (1); A plurality of collecting bottles (5) are arranged at the bottom of the air outlet pipe (2), the plurality of collecting bottles (5) are evenly arranged along the length direction of the air outlet pipe (2), and the plurality of collecting bottles (5) are connected to the collecting tank (4) via a flow guide assembly; A centrifugal assembly is arranged in the air intake pipe (1) and located between the air intake port and the collection tank (4), and is used to generate centrifugal force in the cloud droplets entering the air intake pipe (1), and to drive the cloud droplets to move along the inner wall of the air intake pipe (1) until they enter the collection tank (4).

2. The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flow guide assembly comprises: The guide pipe (15) is arranged relatively parallel to the lower part of the air outlet pipe (2) and is located close to the plurality of collecting bottles (5). Each of the collecting bottles (5) is connected to the guide pipe (15) via a connecting pipe (6). One end of each of the guide pipes (15) passes through the end of the air inlet pipe (1) and is located in the collecting tank (4).

3. The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The side wall of the collecting tank (4) close to the centrifugal assembly is an inclined surface, and the distance between the collecting tank (4) and the centrifugal assembly is 4 cm to 7 cm.

4. The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The centrifugal assembly comprises: A central shaft (14) is horizontally arranged on the air intake pipe (1) and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air intake pipe (1); A plurality of axial flow cyclone fan blades (3) are arranged in the air inlet pipe (1) and are evenly arranged around the central axis (14); one end of each of the axial flow cyclone fan blades (3) is connected to the central axis (14).

5. The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The end of the central axis (14) close to the air inlet is semi-ellipsoidal, and the end of the central axis (14) away from the air inlet is conical.

6. The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The plurality of axial flow cyclone fan blades (3) are 10 cm to 20 cm away from the air inlet.

7. The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outlet angle of each axial flow vortex fan blade (3) is 50° to 70°.

8. The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An annular expansion groove (16) is provided inside the air inlet pipe (1) near the plurality of axial flow cyclone blades (3); the diameter of the annular expansion groove (16) near the air inlet gradually increases from the air inlet toward the air outlet; the bottom of the collecting groove (4) is located at a position near the bottom of the annular expansion groove (16) near the air outlet.

9. The airborne multi-channel cloud water automatic collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the air inlet pipe (1) is a trumpet-shaped structure.

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