A method for determining and analyzing modern dam types in water conservancy and hydropower projects

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for determining and analyzing modern dam types for water conservancy and hydropower projects, belonging to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower projects. The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, determining a characteristic water level based on flood control calculations; Step 2, determining a maximum dam height H; Step 3, determining a maximum discharge flow Q; Step 4, calculating a discharge height ratio R; and Step 5, selecting a dam type based on the discharge height ratio R. Selecting a dam type based on the discharge height ratio can quantitatively analyze the capacity of various dam types to accommodate discharge flow, narrow the range of dam type selection, and scientifically and rationally select a dam type and corresponding key hub structures that are suitable for the discharge scale. Determining a dam type by considering flood discharge factors can save time and effort in comparison and selection, and improve the efficiency of dam type determination. During the dam type determination process, there is no need for multiple disciplines to cooperate with each other to carry out a large amount of calculation and analysis work, which simplifies the dam type determination process and reduces the requirements for personnel professional level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an analytical method for determining modern dam types in water conservancy and hydropower projects, belonging to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology. Background Technology

[0002] The dam types commonly used in water conservancy and hydropower projects are mainly divided into two categories: concrete dams and earth-rock dams, including concrete arch dams, concrete gravity dams, homogeneous earth dams, face rockfill dams, core rockfill dams, etc. There are many types of dams to choose from, so specific designs need to be made according to the actual conditions of the project.

[0003] Traditional dam type selection methods primarily employ a comparative approach. This involves initially identifying potential dam types by considering the topography, lithology, geological structure, and hydrological conditions of the selected dam site. Then, a comprehensive analysis of the engineering suitability of various dam types is conducted, taking into account technical, economic, environmental, and operational factors, to determine the recommended dam type. It is evident that using the comparative method to determine the dam type requires extensive calculation and analysis work involving multiple disciplines, resulting in a cumbersome and complex process, high requirements for personnel expertise, and significant time and labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a modern dam type determination and analysis method for water conservancy and hydropower projects, which can greatly simplify the dam type determination process, significantly improve work efficiency, and provide a completely new approach for the rational selection of dam types.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for determining the modern dam type in water conservancy and hydropower projects includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Determine the characteristic water level based on flood control calculations;

[0008] Step 2: Determine the maximum dam height H;

[0009] Step 3: Determine the maximum discharge flow rate Q;

[0010] Step 4: Calculate the leakage ratio R;

[0011] Step 5: Select the dam type based on the discharge height ratio R.

[0012] The characteristic water levels in step one include the normal storage water level and the check flood level.

[0013] The formula for calculating the leakage ratio R in step four is as follows:

[0014] R = Q / H.

[0015] In step five, when the discharge ratio R > 180, a gravity dam is selected.

[0016] In step five, when 100 < discharge height ratio R < 180, the dam type is selected as an arch dam.

[0017] When the discharge height ratio R is between 100 and 122, the dam type can also be selected as an earth-rock dam, but one of the following conditions must be met: (1) the geological conditions are not conducive to the construction of concrete dams; (2) the dam site has natural topographic and geological conditions for arranging flood discharge structures on the bank; (3) the dam site is located in a remote mountainous area with poor external transportation conditions; (4) the source of cementitious materials is not guaranteed.

[0018] In step five, when the discharge height ratio R < 100, the dam type is selected as an earth-rock dam.

[0019] The earth-rock dams include core rockfill dams and face rockfill dams.

[0020] In step five, after selecting the dam type based on the discharge height ratio R, the dam type is reviewed and verified through a comprehensive technical and economic comparison, taking into account factors such as the topography and geology of the dam site, the layout of the key structures, the adaptability of the dam type, the impact of adverse geological bodies in the reservoir area, flood discharge and energy dissipation, erosion control and bank protection, engineering volume, construction diversion, construction conditions, construction period, building materials, engineering investment and operating conditions.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Selecting the dam type based on the discharge height ratio allows for quantitative analysis of the capacity of various dam types to absorb water discharge, narrowing the range of dam types to choose from. This enables the scientific and rational selection of dam types and corresponding key structures that are compatible with the discharge scale. Considering flood discharge factors in dam type determination saves time and effort in comparison and selection, improving efficiency. Furthermore, the dam type determination process does not require extensive calculation and analysis work involving multiple disciplines, simplifying the process and reducing the required professional expertise of personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an analysis and statistical chart of the dam type, dam height, and discharge height ratio of existing water conservancy and hydropower projects. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for determining and analyzing modern dam types in water conservancy and hydropower projects, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Determine the characteristic water level based on flood control calculations;

[0027] Step 2: Determine the maximum dam height H;

[0028] Step 3: Determine the maximum discharge flow rate Q;

[0029] Step 4: Calculate the leakage ratio R;

[0030] Step 5: Select the dam type based on the discharge height ratio R.

[0031] The characteristic water levels in step one include the normal storage water level and the check flood level.

[0032] The formula for calculating the leakage ratio R in step four is as follows:

[0033] R = Q / H.

[0034] When using this formula, Q can be either the maximum discharge flow rate or the engineering design discharge flow rate (m³ / s). 3 / s), where H is the maximum dam height (m).

[0035] In step five, when the discharge ratio R > 180, a gravity dam is selected.

[0036] In step five, when 100 < discharge height ratio R < 180, the dam type is selected as an arch dam.

[0037] When the discharge height ratio R is between 100 and 122, the dam type can also be selected as an earth-rock dam, but one of the following conditions must be met: (1) The geological conditions are not conducive to the construction of concrete dams, such as a deep overburden foundation (Xiaolangdi Project), weak dam foundation rock or low rock bearing capacity (Tianshengqiao Level 1 Project), uneven rock mass of dam foundation (Nuozhadu Project), and unfavorable structural surfaces that restrict the anti-sliding stability of dam foundation or dam shoulder; (2) The dam site has natural topographic and geological conditions for arranging flood discharge structures on the bank, such as low and gentle slopes on the bank, natural passes, and thin ridges formed by gully cutting; (3) The dam site is located in a remote mountainous area with poor external transportation conditions, such as long external road transport distances and winter transportation restricted by high-altitude snow and ice blocking mountain sections, which makes it impossible to guarantee the continuous transportation of bulk external materials such as cement and admixtures, resulting in no guarantee of construction intensity and construction period; (4) The source of cementitious materials is not guaranteed, that is, the source of cement or admixtures (admixtures greater than 5%) is not secured or guaranteed.

[0038] In step five, when the discharge height ratio R < 100, the dam type is selected as an earth-rock dam.

[0039] The earth-rock dams include core rockfill dams and face rockfill dams.

[0040] Table 1. Dam type selection based on discharge ratio R

[0041]

[0042] In step five, after selecting the dam type based on the discharge height ratio R, the dam type is reviewed and verified through a comprehensive technical and economic comparison, taking into account factors such as the topography and geology of the dam site, the layout of the key structures, the adaptability of the dam type, the impact of adverse geological bodies in the reservoir area, flood discharge and energy dissipation, erosion control and bank protection, engineering volume, construction diversion, construction conditions, construction period, building materials, engineering investment and operating conditions.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] The determination of the dam type of the Shatuo Hydropower Station in the Wujiang River Basin of Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County in northeastern Guizhou Province is taken as an example.

[0045] The preliminary determination of the normal water level for the Shatuo Hydropower Station is 365.00m, the check flood level is 369.65m, and the maximum dam height is 101m. The maximum discharge flow rate is determined to be 32019m³. 3 / s.

[0046] Calculate the discharge height ratio: R = Q / H = 32019 / 101 = 317 (m) 3 / sm).

[0047] Referring to Table 1, a gravity dam was selected as the dam type. Ultimately, the Shatuo Hydropower Station was constructed as a concrete gravity dam.

[0048] Example 3:

[0049] The determination of the dam type of the Baihetan Hydropower Station on the lower reaches of the Jinsha River in Ningnan County, Sichuan Province and Qiaojia County, Yunnan Province is taken as an example.

[0050] The Baihetan Hydropower Station has preliminarily determined its normal water level to be 825.00m, its check flood level to be 832.34m, and its maximum dam height to be 289m.

[0051] The maximum discharge flow rate was determined to be 42356 m³ / h. 3 / s.

[0052] Calculate the discharge height ratio: R = Q / H = 42356 / 289 = 146.56 (m) 3 / sm).

[0053] Referring to Table 1, an arch dam was selected as the dam type. Ultimately, the Baihetan Hydropower Station's main structure was constructed as a concrete double-curvature dam.

[0054] Example 4:

[0055] The determination of the dam type of the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station on the Dadu River in Maerkang County and Jinchuan County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, is taken as an example.

[0056] The Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station has preliminarily determined its normal reservoir level to be 2500.00m, its check flood level to be 2504.42m, and its maximum dam height to be 314m. The maximum discharge flow rate has been determined to be 8102m³ / h.3 / s.

[0057] Calculate the discharge height ratio: R = Q / H = 810² / 314 = 25.8 (m) 3 / sm).

[0058] Referring to Table 1, the dam type was selected as an earth-rock dam. Ultimately, the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station was built as a core-wall rockfill dam.

Claims

1. A method for determining and analyzing modern dam types in water conservancy and hydropower projects, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the characteristic water level based on flood control calculations; Step 2: Determine the maximum dam height H ; Step 3: Determine the maximum discharge flow rate Q ; Step 4: Calculate the discharge ratio R ; Step 5: Based on the discharge height ratio R Choose the dam type; In step four, the leakage height ratio R The calculation formula is: R = Q / H ; In step five, the discharge height ratio R When the value is greater than 180, a gravity dam should be selected. In step five, when 100 < leakage ratio R When the dam diameter is less than 180, an arch dam should be selected. In step five, the discharge height ratio R When the value is less than 100, the dam type should be an earth-rock dam. In step five, based on the leakage height ratio R After selecting the dam type, the dam type is reviewed and verified based on the topography and geology of the dam site, the layout of the key structures, the adaptability of the dam type, the impact of adverse geological bodies in the reservoir area, flood discharge and energy dissipation, erosion control and bank protection, engineering volume, construction diversion, construction conditions, construction period, building materials, engineering investment and operating conditions, through a comprehensive technical and economic comparison and demonstration.

2. The method for determining and analyzing modern dam types in water conservancy and hydropower projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic water levels in step one include the normal storage water level and the check flood level.

3. The method for determining and analyzing modern dam types in water conservancy and hydropower projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage height ratio R When the value is between 100 and 122, the dam type should be either an arch dam or an earth-rock dam. When choosing an earth-rock dam, one of the following conditions must be met: (1) the geological conditions are not conducive to the construction of a concrete dam; (2) the dam site has natural topographic and geological conditions suitable for arranging flood discharge structures on the bank; (3) the dam site is located in a remote mountainous area with poor external transportation conditions; and (4) the source of cementitious materials is not guaranteed.

4. The method for determining and analyzing modern dam types in water conservancy and hydropower projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The earth-rock dams include core rockfill dams and face rockfill dams.

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