Structure forming force thermal coupling analysis method and system for composite material interface friction

Abstract

The invention discloses a structure forming force thermal coupling analysis method and system for composite material interface friction, and relates to the technical field of thermoplastic composite material welding, and the method comprises the following steps: constructing a two-dimensional numerical model of a to-be-calculated composite material interface, and comprehensively considering a solid mechanics physical field and a heat transfer physical field when the two-dimensional numerical model is constructed; a heat source model is added into the two-dimensional numerical model, a coupling model is obtained, the heat source model comprises a viscoelastic heat source model and a friction heat source model, and when the heat source model is introduced, the influence of the tangential rigidity of the introduced interface elastic thin layer and the friction coefficient changing along with the temperature on the friction parameter heat is comprehensively considered; solving the coupling model to obtain a simulation result; and the coupling model is optimized based on the simulation result and the experiment result, and the optimal welding process parameters are obtained. According to the invention, a numerical simulation analysis method of multi-physics field coupling is adopted, so that the interaction of a plurality of physics fields in the welding process can be accurately researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding of thermoplastic composite materials, and in particular to a structural forming force-thermal coupling analysis method and system for composite material interface friction. Background Art

[0002] Thermoplastic composites have the advantages of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, and good thermal insulation, so they are widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile and other fields. Ultrasonic welding, as a non-contact welding method, has the advantages of fast welding speed, high welding quality, and little impact on materials. Therefore, it is widely used in the welding of thermoplastic composites. However, in the welding process of thermoplastic composites, due to the interaction of multiple physical fields, such as plastic flow, viscoelastic deformation, frictional heat, heat conduction and other factors of the material during welding, the numerical simulation analysis of the welding process becomes extremely complicated. Traditional experimental research methods are not only time-consuming and costly, but also prone to errors. Therefore, an efficient and accurate numerical simulation analysis method is needed to study the welding process of thermoplastic composites. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems in the above background, the present invention simulates the ultrasonic welding process of single lap joint specimens of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite materials. The present invention aims to realize the automation and efficiency of the welding process and improve the welding quality and reliability.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a structural forming force-heat coupling analysis method for composite material interface friction, the steps comprising:

[0005] Constructing a two-dimensional numerical model of the interface of the composite material to be calculated, and when constructing the two-dimensional numerical model, comprehensively considering the solid mechanics physical field and the heat transfer physical field;

[0006] A heat source model is added to the two-dimensional numerical model to obtain a coupled model, wherein the heat source model includes a viscoelastic heat source model and a friction heat source model. When introducing the heat source model, the influence of the tangential stiffness of the interface elastic thin layer and the change of the friction coefficient with temperature on the friction parameter heat is comprehensively considered;

[0007] Solving the coupling model to obtain simulation results;

[0008] The coupling model is optimized based on the simulation results and the experimental results to obtain the best welding process parameters.

[0009] Preferably, the method for constructing the two-dimensional model comprises: using COMSOL Multiphysics to establish the two-dimensional numerical model; the solid mechanics physical field comprises:

[0010] ,

[0011] Wherein, P represents pressure; Fv represents volume force; ρ represents material density; T represents temperature; t represents time; u represents translational velocity;

[0012] The heat transfer physics fields include:

[0013] ,

[0014] Where ρ represents the material density; T represents the temperature; t represents the time; c p represents the specific heat capacity at constant pressure; u represents the speed in the translation direction; represents the heat source; q0 represents the initial conduction heat flux; Radiative heat flux; d z represents the range of heat transfer; q represents the conduction heat flux; Represents the partial derivative and gradient of a vector.

[0015] Preferably, the added heat source model includes:

[0016] Viscoelastic heat source model:

[0017] ,

[0018] In the formula, viscoelastic heat dissipation; Represents the loss modulus of the material represents the strain tensor; It represents the hammer coefficient;

[0019] Friction heat source model:

[0020] ,

[0021] In the formula, represents the interfacial friction heat dissipation; It represents the hammer coefficient; Indicates the vibration frequency; represents the friction coefficient; represents the vertical stress at the horizontal interface; represents displacement; δ represents differential.

[0022] Preferably, the following model is introduced on the basis of adding the heat source model:

[0023] Interface heat flow distribution:

[0024] ,

[0025] In the formula, q u and q l represent the heat flux density transferred to the upper and lower parts respectively; represents the heat source; r represents the heat distribution coefficient; ρ l , u Represent the density of the upper and lower parts of the composite material respectively; c l 、c u Represent the heat capacity of the upper and lower parts of the composite material respectively; k l , k u Thermal conductivity of the upper and lower parts of the composite material; represents the conversion coefficient;

[0026] Spring stiffness of the interfacial elastic layer:

[0027] ,

[0028] In the formula, K t represents the tangential stiffness of the elastic thin layer; E comp represents the composite material modulus; h represents the equivalent layer thickness; D0 represents the tangential stiffness constant; D ic Indicates the degree of contact; D h Indicates the degree of healing.

[0029] Preferably, the method for calculating the contact degree includes:

[0030] ,

[0031] Where D ic represents the degree of contact; t represents the time; P app represents static stress; T represents temperature; A represents exponential factor; E a represents free energy; a0 represents the initial height of the rectangular surface; b0 represents the initial width of the rectangular surface; w0 represents the initial distance between two adjacent elements;

[0032] The calculation method of the healing degree includes:

[0033] ,

[0034] Where D h Indicates the degree of healing; t w Indicates the correction time; A rep represents the pre-exponential coefficient; R represents the gas constant; T represents the temperature; x represents the position distance; E a Represents free energy.

[0035] Preferably, in the modeling process of the coupling model, a single lap configuration is set based on the symmetry of the configuration, and a quarter of the entire single lap welded structure is used for modeling; the coupling model is composed of half of the upper composite material plate and a quarter of the energy conduction term; unstructured triangular units are used for meshing, and refinement is performed at the interface.

[0036] Preferably, the method for solving the coupling model includes: using the Newton iteration method to process all coupling calculations, processing the large geometric deformations involved in the model within the Euler framework, using a transient solver to set the termination condition so that the temperatures of all energy conduction terms reach the melting point, and simultaneously performing numerical solutions for the surface integral of the energy conduction terms and the line integral of the contact interface for the viscoelastic heat and friction heat to obtain the dissipated power.

[0037] The present invention also provides a structural forming force-heat coupling analysis system for composite material interface friction, the system is used to implement the above method, including: a construction module, a coupling module, a solution module and an optimization module;

[0038] The construction module is used to construct a two-dimensional numerical model of the interface of the composite material to be calculated, and when constructing the two-dimensional numerical model, the solid mechanics physical field and the heat transfer physical field are comprehensively considered;

[0039] The coupling module is used to add a heat source model to the two-dimensional numerical model to obtain a coupling model, wherein the heat source model includes a viscoelastic heat source model and a friction heat source model. When introducing the heat source model, the influence of the tangential stiffness of the interface elastic thin layer and the change of the friction coefficient with temperature on the friction parameter heat is comprehensively considered;

[0040] The solution module is used to solve the coupling model to obtain simulation results;

[0041] The optimization module is used to optimize the coupling model based on the simulation results and experimental results to obtain optimal welding process parameters.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] The present invention adopts a numerical simulation analysis method of multi-physical field coupling, which can accurately study the interaction of multiple physical fields in the welding process; the present invention can not only improve the simulation efficiency, but also numerically solve the heat generation power of viscoelastic heat sources and friction heat sources; applying the simulation analysis method of the present invention to actual production can reduce the time and cost of experimental research, improve the accuracy and efficiency of the welding process, and thus improve the welding quality and reliability of thermoplastic composite materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method flow of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of multi-model coupling logic according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of mesh division of a two-dimensional quarter model of ultrasonic welding of thermoplastic composite materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional quarter thermoplastic composite ultrasonic welding simulation model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of power variation during welding according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein: Figure 5 (a) represents the change of friction power; Figure 5 (b) Represents the viscoelastic power change. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] like Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method flow of this embodiment, and the steps include:

[0054] S1. Construct a two-dimensional numerical model of the composite material interface to be calculated. When constructing the two-dimensional numerical model, the solid mechanics physics field and the heat transfer physics field are comprehensively considered.

[0055] A two-dimensional numerical model was established using COMSOL Multiphysics, where the solid mechanics physics field is as follows:

[0056] ,

[0057] Wherein, P represents pressure; Fv represents volume force; ρ represents material density; T represents temperature; t represents time; u represents translational velocity;

[0058] Heat transfer physics include:

[0059] ,

[0060] Where ρ represents the material density; T represents the temperature; t represents the time; c p represents the specific heat capacity at constant pressure; u represents the speed in the translation direction; represents the heat source; q0 represents the initial conduction heat flux; Radiative heat flux; d z represents the range of heat transfer; q represents the conduction heat flux; Represents the partial derivative and gradient of a vector.

[0061] S2. Add a heat source model to the two-dimensional numerical model to obtain a coupled model. The heat source model includes: a viscoelastic heat source model and a friction heat source model. When introducing the heat source model, the influence of the tangential stiffness of the interface elastic thin layer and the change of the friction coefficient with temperature on the friction parameters is comprehensively considered.

[0062] The added heat source models include:

[0063] Viscoelastic heat source model:

[0064] ,

[0065] In the formula, viscoelastic heat dissipation; Represents the loss modulus of the material represents the strain tensor; It represents the hammer coefficient;

[0066] Friction heat source model:

[0067] ,

[0068] In the formula, represents the interfacial friction heat dissipation; It represents the hammer coefficient; Indicates the vibration frequency; represents the friction coefficient; represents the vertical stress at the horizontal interface; Indicates displacement.

[0069] In addition to the heat source model, the following models are also introduced:

[0070] Interface heat flow distribution:

[0071] ,

[0072] In the formula, q u and q l represent the heat flux density transferred to the upper and lower parts respectively; represents the heat source; r represents the heat distribution coefficient; ρ l ,u Represent the density of the upper and lower parts of the composite material respectively; c l 、c u Represent the heat capacity of the upper and lower parts of the composite material respectively; k l , k u Thermal conductivity of the upper and lower parts of the composite material; Indicates the conversion factor;

[0073] Spring stiffness of the interfacial elastic layer:

[0074] ,

[0075] In the formula, K t represents the tangential stiffness of the elastic thin layer; E comp represents the composite material modulus; h represents the equivalent layer thickness; D0 represents the tangential stiffness constant; D ic Indicates the degree of contact; D h Indicates the degree of healing.

[0076] The above contact level calculation method includes:

[0077] ,

[0078] Where D ic represents the degree of contact; t represents the time; P app represents static stress; T represents temperature; A represents exponential factor; E a represents free energy; a0 represents the initial height of the rectangular surface; b0 represents the initial width of the rectangular surface; w0 represents the initial distance between two adjacent elements;

[0079] The above healing degree calculation method includes:

[0080] ,

[0081] Where D h Indicates the degree of healing; t w Indicates the correction time; A rep represents the pre-exponential coefficient; R represents the gas constant; T represents the temperature; x represents the position distance; E a Represents free energy.

[0082] The above multi-physics field coupling logic structure is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0083] In the coupling modeling process of this embodiment, a single overlap configuration is used to set the symmetry based on the configuration. Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown in the figure, in order to improve the calculation efficiency, a quarter of the entire single lap welded structure is used for modeling. The two-dimensional model consists of half of the upper composite plate and a quarter of the energy conduction term. Unstructured triangular elements are used for meshing, and refinement is performed at the interface to ensure the accuracy of the calculation. The final number of model elements is 5063.

[0084] S3. Solve the coupling model to obtain simulation results.

[0085] The Newton iteration method is used to process all coupled calculations. The large geometric deformations involved in the model are processed within the Euler framework, and the transient solver is used to set the termination condition that the temperature of all energy-conducting terms reaches the melting point. At the same time, the surface integral of the energy-conducting terms and the line integral of the contact interface of the viscoelastic heat and friction heat are numerically solved to obtain the dissipated power.

[0086] S4. Based on the simulation results and experimental results, the coupling model is optimized to obtain the best welding process parameters. The specific method includes: comparing the simulation results with the experimental results to find out the differences in power and peak time; adjusting the hammer coefficient α and tangential stiffness constant D0 in the model according to the differences for correction and optimization; simulating and experimenting on the corrected model, and comparing the results again until the simulation results are consistent with the experimental results.

[0087] Embodiment 2

[0088] The following will describe in detail how the present invention solves the technical problems in practical work in conjunction with the present embodiment.

[0089] Two thermoplastic composite sheets are ultrasonically welded. The sheet thickness is 2.7 mm, the size is 100 mm × 25.4 mm, the ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz, and the amplitude is 40 μm. Before establishing the COMSOL Multiphysics model, the physical parameters of the thermoplastic composite material need to be measured and calculated. The thermoplastic composite material used in this example has a density of 1.6 g / cm³, a thermal conductivity of 0.7 W / mK, a Young's modulus of 9.3 GPa, and a Poisson's ratio of 0.4.

[0090] Establish COMSOL Multiphysics geometry model and divide the mesh, such as Figure 3 As shown. In COMSOL Multiphysics, a two-dimensional model is established, and boundary conditions and initial conditions are set. The solid mechanics equation model includes the stress and strain distribution of the material, and the heat transfer equation model includes parameters such as temperature and thermal conductivity.

[0091] The viscoelastic heat source and the friction heat source are set. According to the formula of the first embodiment, the viscoelastic heat and the friction heat energy of the material are calculated.

[0092] Numerical simulation is performed to obtain the changes in friction and viscoelastic power during welding. Figure 5 (a) and Figure 5 (b). According to the calculation results, the welding parameters are optimized.

[0093] Welding experiments were conducted to verify the accuracy of the calculation results. The experimental results show that the numerical simulation analysis method of the present invention can be used to simulate and analyze the welding process comprehensively, optimize welding parameters, and improve welding quality and efficiency.

[0094] Embodiment 3

[0095] The present invention also provides a structural forming force-heat coupling analysis system for composite material interface friction, comprising: a construction module, a coupling module, a solution module and an optimization module; the construction module is used to construct a two-dimensional numerical model of the composite material interface to be calculated, and when constructing the two-dimensional numerical model, the solid mechanics physical field and the heat transfer physical field are comprehensively considered; the coupling module is used to add a heat source model to the two-dimensional numerical model to obtain a coupling model, and the heat source model includes: a viscoelastic heat source model and a friction heat source model. When introducing the heat source model, the influence of the tangential stiffness of the interface elastic thin layer and the change of the friction coefficient with temperature on the friction parameters is comprehensively considered; the solution module is used to solve the coupling model to obtain simulation results; the optimization module is used to optimize the coupling model based on the simulation results and experimental results to obtain the best welding process parameters.

[0096] First, a 2D numerical model is built using COMSOL Multiphysics using the building blocks; the solid mechanics physics fields include:

[0097] ,

[0098] Wherein, P represents pressure; Fv represents volume force; ρ represents material density; T represents temperature; t represents time; u represents translational velocity;

[0099] Heat transfer physics include:

[0100] ,

[0101] Where ρ represents the material density; T represents the temperature; t represents the time; c p represents the specific heat capacity at constant pressure; u represents the speed in the translation direction; represents the heat source; q0 represents the initial conduction heat flux; Radiative heat flux; d z represents the range of heat transfer; q represents the conduction heat flux; Represents the partial derivative and gradient of a vector.

[0102] Then the coupling module adds the heat source model based on the above, and the added heat source model includes:

[0103] Viscoelastic heat source model:

[0104] ,

[0105] In the formula, viscoelastic heat dissipation; Represents the loss modulus of the material represents the strain tensor; It represents the hammer coefficient;

[0106] Friction heat source model:

[0107] ,

[0108] In the formula, represents the interfacial friction heat dissipation; It represents the hammer coefficient; Indicates the vibration frequency; represents the friction coefficient; represents the vertical stress at the horizontal interface; Indicates displacement.

[0109] In addition to the heat source model, the following models are also introduced:

[0110] Interface heat flow distribution:

[0111] ,

[0112] In the formula, q u and q l represent the heat flux density transferred to the upper and lower parts respectively; represents the heat source; r represents the heat distribution coefficient; ρ l , u Represent the density of the upper and lower parts of the composite material respectively; c l 、c u Represent the heat capacity of the upper and lower parts of the composite material respectively; k l , k u Thermal conductivity of the upper and lower parts of the composite material; Indicates the conversion factor;

[0113] Spring stiffness of the interfacial elastic layer:

[0114] ,

[0115] In the formula, K t represents the tangential stiffness of the elastic thin layer; E comp represents the composite material modulus; h represents the equivalent layer thickness; D0 represents the tangential stiffness constant; Dic Indicates the degree of contact; D h Indicates the degree of healing.

[0116] The above contact level calculation method includes:

[0117] ,

[0118] Where D ic represents the degree of contact; t represents the time; P app represents static stress; T represents temperature; A represents exponential factor; E a represents free energy; a0 represents the initial height of the rectangular surface; b0 represents the initial width of the rectangular surface; w0 represents the initial distance between two adjacent elements;

[0119] The calculation method of healing degree includes:

[0120] ,

[0121] Where D h Indicates the degree of healing; t w Indicates the correction time; A rep represents the pre-exponential coefficient; R represents the gas constant; T represents the temperature; x represents the position distance; E a Represents free energy.

[0122] In the coupling modeling process of this embodiment, a single overlap configuration is used to set the symmetry based on the configuration. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in the figure, in order to improve the calculation efficiency, a quarter of the entire single lap welded structure is used for modeling. The two-dimensional model consists of half of the upper composite plate and a quarter of the energy conduction term. Unstructured triangular elements are used for meshing, and refinement is performed at the interface to ensure the accuracy of the calculation. The final number of model elements is 5063.

[0123] The solution module uses the Newton iteration method to process all coupled calculations. The large geometric deformations involved in the model are processed within the Euler framework, and the transient solver is used to set the termination condition that the temperature of all energy-conducting terms reaches the melting point. At the same time, the surface integral of the energy-conducting terms and the line integral of the contact interface of the viscoelastic heat and friction heat are numerically solved to obtain the dissipated power.

[0124] Finally, the optimization module compares the simulation results with the experimental results to find out the differences in power and peak time; based on the differences, the hammer coefficient α and tangential stiffness constant D0 in the model are adjusted for correction and optimization; the corrected model is simulated and tested, and the results are compared again until the simulation results are consistent with the experimental results.

[0125] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structural forming force-heat coupling analysis method for composite material interface friction, characterized in that the steps include: Constructing a two-dimensional numerical model of the interface of the composite material to be calculated, and when constructing the two-dimensional numerical model, comprehensively considering the solid mechanics physical field and the heat transfer physical field; A heat source model is added to the two-dimensional numerical model to obtain a coupled model, wherein the heat source model includes a viscoelastic heat source model and a friction heat source model. When introducing the heat source model, the influence of the tangential stiffness of the interface elastic thin layer and the change of the friction coefficient with temperature on the friction parameter heat is comprehensively considered; Solving the coupling model to obtain simulation results; The coupling model is optimized based on the simulation results and the experimental results to obtain the best welding process parameters.

2. The structural forming force-thermal coupling analysis method of composite material interface friction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for constructing the two-dimensional model includes: using COMSOL Multiphysics to establish the two-dimensional numerical model; the solid mechanics physical field includes: ， Wherein, P represents pressure; Fv represents volume force; ρ represents material density; T represents temperature; t represents time; u represents translational velocity; The heat transfer physics fields include: ， Among them, c p represents the specific heat capacity at constant pressure; represents the heat source; q0 represents the initial conduction heat flux; Radiative heat flux; d z represents the range of heat transfer; q represents the conduction heat flux; Represents the partial derivative and gradient of a vector.

3. The structural forming force-thermal coupling analysis method of composite material interface friction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The added heat source model includes: Viscoelastic heat source model: ， In the formula, viscoelastic heat dissipation; Represents the loss modulus of the material; represents the strain tensor; It represents the hammer coefficient; Friction heat source model: ， In the formula, represents the interfacial friction heat dissipation; Indicates the vibration frequency; represents the friction coefficient; represents the vertical stress at the horizontal interface; represents displacement; δ represents differential.

4. The structural forming force-thermal coupling analysis method of composite material interface friction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In addition to the heat source model, the following models are introduced: Interface heat flow distribution: ， In the formula, q u and q l They represent the heat flux density transferred to the upper and lower parts respectively; r represents the heat distribution coefficient; ρ l , u Represent the density of the upper and lower parts of the composite material respectively; c l 、c u Represent the heat capacity of the upper and lower parts of the composite material respectively; k l , k u Thermal conductivity of the upper and lower parts of the composite material; represents the conversion coefficient; Spring stiffness of the interfacial elastic layer: ， In the formula, K t represents the tangential stiffness of the elastic thin layer; E comp represents the composite material modulus; h represents the equivalent layer thickness; D0 represents the tangential stiffness constant; D ic Indicates the degree of contact; D h Indicates the degree of healing.

5. The structural forming force-thermal coupling analysis method of composite material interface friction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method for calculating the contact degree includes: ， Where P app represents static stress; A represents exponential factor; E a represents free energy; a0 represents the initial height of the rectangular surface; b0 represents the initial width of the rectangular surface; w0 represents the initial distance between two adjacent elements; The calculation method of the healing degree includes: ， Where, t w Indicates the correction time; A rep represents the pre-exponential coefficient; R represents the gas constant; x represents the position distance.

6. The structural forming force-thermal coupling analysis method of composite material interface friction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the modeling process of the coupling model, a single lap configuration is used to set up a configuration based on the symmetry of the configuration, and a quarter of the entire single lap welded structure is used for modeling; the coupling model is composed of half of the upper composite material plate and a quarter of the energy conduction term; unstructured triangular units are used for meshing, and refinement is performed at the interface.

7. The structural forming force-thermal coupling analysis method of composite material interface friction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for solving the coupling model includes: using the Newton iteration method to process all coupling calculations, processing the large geometric deformations involved in the model within the Euler framework, using a transient solver to set the termination condition that the temperatures of all energy conduction terms reach the melting point, and simultaneously performing numerical solutions for the surface integrals of the energy conduction terms and the line integrals of the contact interfaces for viscoelastic heat and friction heat to obtain the dissipated power.

8. A structural forming force-heat coupling analysis system for composite material interface friction, the system being used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Building module, coupling module, solving module and optimization module; The construction module is used to construct a two-dimensional numerical model of the interface of the composite material to be calculated, and when constructing the two-dimensional numerical model, the solid mechanics physical field and the heat transfer physical field are comprehensively considered; The coupling module is used to add a heat source model to the two-dimensional numerical model to obtain a coupling model, wherein the heat source model includes a viscoelastic heat source model and a friction heat source model. When introducing the heat source model, the influence of the tangential stiffness of the interface elastic thin layer and the change of the friction coefficient with temperature on the friction parameter heat is comprehensively considered; The solution module is used to solve the coupling model to obtain simulation results; The optimization module is used to optimize the coupling model based on the simulation results and experimental results to obtain optimal welding process parameters.

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