Small-power hydrogen fuel cell test system

Abstract

The invention discloses a small-power hydrogen fuel cell test system, which comprises an anode hydrogen control part, a cathode oxygen control part and a cooling liquid circulation part, the anode hydrogen control part comprises a hydrogen supply pump and a proton flow meter, the hydrogen supply pump is communicated with the anode end of the battery to be tested, and the proton flow meter is communicated with the anode exhaust port of the battery to be tested; the cathode oxygen control component comprises an air blower, a PWM duty ratio controller and a cathode rotor flow meter, the air blower is communicated with the cathode end of the battery to be tested, the PWM duty ratio controller is electrically connected with the air blower, and the cathode rotor flow meter is communicated with a cathode exhaust port of the battery to be tested; one end of the cooling circulation component is communicated with a cooling cavity inlet of the to-be-tested battery, and the other end of the cooling circulation component is communicated with a cooling cavity outlet of the to-be-tested battery; according to the scheme, the technical problems that an existing testing system is low in hydrogen, oxygen and fuel cell temperature control precision and poor in heat dissipation effect can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and specifically relates to a low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system. Background Art

[0002] As the global energy structure transforms towards clean and efficient, hydrogen fuel cells, as one of the clean energy technologies, have received widespread attention. Especially in low-power applications, such as portable power supplies and small drones, low-power hydrogen fuel cells have shown great application potential due to their high efficiency and zero emissions. However, the development and optimization of low-power hydrogen fuel cells face many challenges, the most critical of which is how to effectively control the working state of the fuel cell to ensure its stability and reliability under different load conditions.

[0003] Most existing low-power hydrogen fuel cell test systems have problems with insufficient control accuracy, especially in terms of gas supply and temperature management. For a stack or a single cell, the supply of anode and cathode gases is an important factor in determining the performance of the fuel cell. The pressure and flow of the gas directly affect the output power and efficiency of the fuel cell. If these parameters cannot be precisely controlled, it will be difficult to accurately evaluate the true performance of the fuel cell, which will in turn affect the design optimization and performance improvement of the fuel cell. In addition, a large amount of heat is generated when the fuel cell is working. If the heat management is not effective, the temperature of the fuel cell may be too high, which will not only reduce the efficiency of the fuel cell, but may also cause irreversible damage to it. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a low-power hydrogen fuel cell test system, which can solve the technical problems of low control accuracy and poor heat dissipation effect of the current test system for hydrogen, oxygen and fuel cell temperature.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a low-power hydrogen fuel cell test system, comprising: an anode hydrogen control component, a cathode oxygen control component, and a coolant circulation component; the anode hydrogen control component comprises a hydrogen supply pump and a proton flowmeter, the hydrogen supply pump is connected to the anode end of the battery to be tested, and the proton flowmeter is connected to the anode exhaust port of the battery to be tested; the cathode oxygen control component comprises a blower, a PWM duty cycle controller and a cathode rotor flowmeter, the blower is connected to the cathode end of the battery to be tested, the PWM duty cycle controller is electrically connected to the blower, and the cathode rotor flowmeter is connected to the cathode exhaust port of the battery to be tested; one end of the cooling circulation component is connected to the cooling chamber inlet of the battery to be tested, and the other end of the cooling circulation component is connected to the cooling chamber outlet of the battery to be tested.

[0006] In one embodiment, a first-stage pressure reducing valve is further provided between the hydrogen supply pump and the anode terminal of the battery to be tested.

[0007] In one embodiment, a secondary pressure reducing valve is further provided between the primary pressure reducing valve and the anode terminal of the battery to be tested.

[0008] In one embodiment, an anode rotor flowmeter is further provided between the secondary pressure reducing valve and the anode terminal of the battery to be tested.

[0009] In one embodiment, a solenoid valve is further provided between the anode exhaust port and the proton flowmeter.

[0010] In one embodiment, the solenoid valve is connected to a relay.

[0011] In one embodiment, the coolant circulation component includes a water pump and a heat dissipation component, the water outlet of the water pump is connected to the heat dissipation component, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the cooling chamber outlet of the battery to be tested, and the heat dissipation component is connected to the cooling chamber inlet of the battery to be tested.

[0012] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation water radiator and a heat dissipation fan, the heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation water radiator and a heat dissipation fan, the water inlet of the heat dissipation water radiator is connected to the water outlet of the water pump, the air outlet of the heat dissipation fan is directly opposite to the heat dissipation water radiator, and the water outlet of the heat dissipation water radiator is connected to the cooling chamber inlet of the battery to be tested.

[0013] In one embodiment, the coolant circulation component further includes a temperature controller, a temperature measuring line of the temperature controller is adhered to the surface of the battery to be tested, and the temperature controller is control-connected to the cooling fan.

[0014] In one embodiment, a plurality of heat dissipation fins are disposed on the heat dissipation water cooling radiator.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: First, the system provided by the present invention realizes precise control of the intake of the cathode and anode of a low-power hydrogen fuel cell. By adopting the two-stage pressure reduction technology, it can not only adapt to a wide range of hydrogen gas source pressures, but also stably adjust the hydrogen pressure on the anode side to the optimal level required by the fuel cell, ensuring the continuity and stability of the hydrogen supply. At the same time, the PWM duty cycle controller is used to adjust the air volume and wind speed of the blower to achieve precise control of the oxygen supply on the cathode side. This precise gas management mechanism greatly improves the operating efficiency of the fuel cell, reduces unnecessary energy loss, and helps to extend the service life of the fuel cell.

[0016] Secondly, the system introduces an efficient liquid cooling temperature control device to effectively solve the heat problem generated during the operation of the fuel cell. Through the coordinated work of the water pump, heat dissipation water cooling row, cooling fan and temperature controller, it ensures that the fuel cell can operate stably within the optimal operating temperature range. Accurate temperature control not only avoids the risk of fuel cell performance degradation or even damage due to excessive temperature, but also improves the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell, further improving the overall performance of the fuel cell.

[0017] Furthermore, the test system is highly flexible and applicable, and is suitable for activation and performance testing of various types of low-power hydrogen fuel cells. Users can manually and accurately set relevant parameters according to actual needs, and quickly complete the entire process from activation to performance testing. This feature enables researchers to conduct fuel cell research more conveniently, accelerates the development of new technologies, and promotes the advancement of hydrogen energy technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the use of an embodiment of the present invention in testing a low-power hydrogen fuel cell; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the results of the test example of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Battery to be tested, 101. Anode terminal, 102. Anode exhaust port, 103. Cathode terminal, 104. Cathode exhaust port, 2. Hydrogen supply pump, 3. Primary pressure reducing valve, 4. Secondary pressure reducing valve, 5. Anode rotor flowmeter, 6. Solenoid valve, 7. Proton flowmeter, 8. Blower, 9. PWM duty cycle controller, 10. Cathode rotor flowmeter, 11. Relay, 12. Temperature controller, 13. Water pump, 14. Heat dissipation radiator, 15. Cooling fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Example

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The figure shows the use of an embodiment of the present invention in testing a low-power hydrogen fuel cell.

[0022] The present invention provides a low-power hydrogen fuel cell test system, comprising: an anode hydrogen control component, a cathode oxygen control component, and a coolant circulation component; the anode hydrogen control component comprises a hydrogen supply pump 2 and a proton flowmeter 7, the hydrogen supply pump 2 is connected to the anode end 101 of the battery to be tested 1, and the proton flowmeter 7 is connected to the anode exhaust port 102 of the battery to be tested 1; the cathode oxygen control component comprises a blower 8, a PWM duty cycle controller 9 and a cathode rotor flowmeter 10, the blower 8 is connected to the cathode end 103 of the battery to be tested 11, the PWM duty cycle controller 9 is electrically connected to the blower 8, and the cathode rotor flowmeter 10 is connected to the cathode exhaust port 104 of the battery to be tested 1; one end of the cooling circulation component is connected to the cooling chamber inlet of the battery to be tested 1, and the other end of the cooling circulation component is connected to the cooling chamber outlet of the battery to be tested 1.

[0023] In the anode, a proton flow meter 7 is used to observe the proton content in the exhaust gas to determine whether the fuel cell reaction is sufficient.

[0024] In the cathode, the selection of the blower 8 depends on the rated power of the fuel cell. The flow rate and wind speed of the blower 8 must meet the oxygen demand of the fuel cell cathode. The blockage pressure of the blower 8 cannot exceed the bearing limit of the proton exchange membrane and the pressure should be less than the intake pressure on the anode side. The PWM duty ratio controller 9 (model ZK-PP1K, other models can also be used) is used to control and adjust the duty ratio of the blower 8, so as to achieve the control of the air volume and wind speed of the blower 8. (The cathode intake wind speed and air volume can be accurately adjusted). The cathode side of the fuel cell to be tested is inhaled through the blower 8, and the cathode exhaust is connected to the rotor flowmeter. The blower 8 intake PWM duty ratio is adjusted by observing the real-time gas flow and real-time pressure of the rotor flowmeter. Thus, the real-time observation and precise control of the gas flow and pressure on the cathode side can be achieved.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, a first-stage pressure reducing valve 3 is further provided between the hydrogen supply pump 2 and the anode terminal 101 of the battery to be tested 1 .

[0026] The first-stage pressure reducing valve 3 is mainly adapted to the A1 gas source pressure (can withstand the high-pressure gas of the gas source), and reduces the pressure to a pressure slightly higher than the operating pressure of the low-power hydrogen fuel cell (higher than the operating pressure to ensure that the second-stage pressure reducing valve can reduce the pressure to the normal operating pressure of the fuel cell); if the pressure is directly reduced to the specified pressure, it will cause safety hazards.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present invention, a secondary pressure reducing valve 4 is further provided between the primary pressure reducing valve 3 and the anode terminal 101 of the battery 1 to be tested.

[0028] The two-stage pressure reducing valve 4 adjusts the pressure to the normal operating pressure of the fuel cell (the two-stage pressure reducing can keep the anode intake pressure stable without sudden pressure changes). This process can be precisely adjusted manually or by electronic control.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present invention, an anode rotor flowmeter 5 is further provided between the secondary pressure reducing valve 4 and the anode terminal 101 of the battery to be tested 1 .

[0030] After the gas undergoes secondary pressure reduction, it passes through the anode rotor flowmeter 5, and the anode gas intake volume can be observed in real time. According to the real-time flow display, the primary pressure reducing valve 3 is adjusted to achieve the optimal intake flow rate.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present invention, a solenoid valve 6 is further provided between the anode exhaust port 102 and the proton flowmeter 7 .

[0032] In the embodiment of the present invention, the solenoid valve 6 is connected to a relay 1 .

[0033] The gas on the anode side of the fuel cell is discharged through the exhaust solenoid valve 6. The relay 1 controls the exhaust duration and interval duration of the solenoid valve 6. The exhaust interval duration and exhaust duration are changed by the relay 1 to maintain the power stability of the fuel cell.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the coolant circulation component includes a water pump 13 and a heat dissipation component, the water outlet of the water pump 13 is connected to the heat dissipation component, the water inlet of the water pump 13 is connected to the cooling chamber outlet of the battery to be tested 1, and the heat dissipation component is connected to the cooling chamber inlet of the battery to be tested 11.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation water cooling row 14 and a heat dissipation fan 15. The heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation water cooling row 14 and a heat dissipation fan 15. The water inlet of the heat dissipation water cooling row 14 is connected to the water outlet of the water pump 13. The air outlet of the heat dissipation fan 15 is directly opposite to the heat dissipation water cooling row 14. The water outlet of the heat dissipation water cooling row 14 is connected to the cooling chamber inlet of the battery 1 to be tested.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, the coolant circulation component further comprises a temperature controller 12 , a temperature measuring line of the temperature controller 12 is adhered to the surface of the battery 1 to be tested, and the temperature controller 12 is controllably connected to the cooling fan 15 .

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of heat dissipation fins are disposed on the heat dissipation water cooling radiator 14 .

[0038] The water pump 13 should be selected to control the pressure within the pressure range that the fuel cell bipolar plate can withstand, and the pump flow rate should meet the basic cooling requirements (the flow rate requirement is 5 L / min--10 L / min). In this embodiment, the flow rate of the water pump 13 is 10 L / min; The coolant is pumped into the fuel cell through the water pump 13. After the coolant is discharged from the fuel cell, the temperature is (60~70℃). The coolant discharged from the fuel cell enters the water cooling row (the heat dissipation fins on the water cooling drainage channel increase the contact area between the coolant and the air, and part of the heat can be dissipated through thermal radiation), and the heat dissipation fan 15 is adjusted by the temperature controller 12. The temperature measuring line in the temperature controller 12 is bonded to the surface of the fuel cell for measuring the temperature of the fuel cell. The temperature parameters are set in the temperature controller 12. When the temperature of the fuel cell reaches or exceeds the set temperature, the temperature controller 12 controls the fan to start blowing the water cooling row to achieve the effect of lowering the temperature of the coolant, thereby achieving the purpose of fuel cell temperature control. (When the temperature changes during operation, the temperature controller 12 will adjust the wind speed and air volume of the heat dissipation fan 15 to achieve precise control of the temperature) The coolant after cooling the water cooling row flows back into the water pump 13 to form a coolant circulation system. In this embodiment, the model of the temperature controller 12 used is AI-526. In addition, other models can also be used.

[0039] Comparative Example 1 Direct use of flow meter and pressure reducing valve.

[0040] Comparative Example 2 Use the flow meter directly.

[0041] Test example The power of the fuel cell (catalytic layer area of ​​5cm*5cm) was measured from 0 to 140 days using the devices described in the examples and comparative examples 1 to 2, respectively. The constant current discharge conditions were: hydrogen 0.1 MPa, air 0.1 MPa, flow rate of 700 mL / min, 2800 mL / min, 60% humidification, 50-60°C, 15 A constant current discharge for 200 h. The stack power was continuously recorded, and the results were as follows: Figure 2 The results show that according to Figure 2 The results show that the power of the fuel cell measured by the system used in the embodiment of the present scheme is relatively high and close to the actual power value of the fuel cell itself. Therefore, it can be seen that the system used in the present invention has higher accuracy in measuring the power of the fuel cell.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "back", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. It should therefore be understood that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the various dependent claims and features described herein may be combined in a manner different from that described in the original claims. It should also be understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A low-power hydrogen fuel cell test system, characterized in that: include: Anode hydrogen control components, cathode oxygen control components, coolant circulation components; The anode hydrogen control component includes a hydrogen supply pump and a proton flow meter, the hydrogen supply pump is connected to the anode end of the battery to be tested, and the proton flow meter is connected to the anode exhaust port of the battery to be tested; The cathode oxygen control component includes a blower, a PWM duty cycle controller and a cathode rotor flowmeter, the blower is connected to the cathode end of the battery to be tested, the PWM duty cycle controller is electrically connected to the blower, and the cathode rotor flowmeter is connected to the cathode exhaust port of the battery to be tested; One end of the cooling circulation component is communicated with the cooling chamber inlet of the battery to be tested, and the other end of the cooling circulation component is communicated with the cooling chamber outlet of the battery to be tested.

2. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first-stage pressure reducing valve is also provided between the hydrogen supply pump and the anode terminal of the battery to be tested.

3. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A secondary pressure reducing valve is also provided between the primary pressure reducing valve and the anode terminal of the battery to be tested.

4. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An anode rotor flowmeter is also provided between the secondary pressure reducing valve and the anode end of the battery to be tested.

5. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solenoid valve is also provided between the anode exhaust port and the proton flowmeter.

6. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solenoid valve is connected with a relay.

7. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant circulation component includes a water pump and a heat dissipation component, the water outlet of the water pump is connected to the heat dissipation component, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the cooling chamber outlet of the battery to be tested, and the heat dissipation component is connected to the cooling chamber inlet of the battery to be tested.

8. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation radiator and a heat dissipation fan. The water inlet of the heat dissipation radiator is connected to the water outlet of the water pump. The air outlet of the heat dissipation fan faces the heat dissipation radiator. The water outlet of the heat dissipation radiator is connected to the cooling chamber inlet of the battery to be tested.

9. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling liquid circulation component further comprises a temperature controller, a temperature measuring line of the temperature controller is bonded to the surface of the battery to be tested, and the temperature controller is control-connected to the cooling fan.

10. The low-power hydrogen fuel cell testing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat dissipation water cooling row is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins.

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