Solar cell module IV and EL automatic test system for space

Abstract

The invention discloses a space solar cell module IV and EL automatic test system which comprises a test area and a feeding and discharging area which are arranged side by side left and right, the feeding and discharging area is provided with a material taking disc, an automatic feeding and discharging module and a visual positioning module, the test area is composed of a light source darkroom, and an IV test module and an EL detection module are arranged in the light source darkroom at the same time. A test workbench is horizontally arranged; the automatic feeding and discharging module grabs a to-be-tested solar cell module from a material taking disc through positioning information provided by the visual positioning module and places the to-be-tested solar cell module on the testing workbench, the IV testing module conducts electrical performance testing on the to-be-tested solar cell module, and the EL detection module conducts EL defect detection on the to-be-tested solar cell module. And automatically positioning and judging the battery pieces with mismatched electrical properties and the battery pieces with hidden cracks in the solar cell module to be tested, and forming and uploading a test result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of spacecraft power supply, in particular to an IV and EL automatic testing system for a solar cell assembly used in space. Background Art

[0002] Solar arrays are the main energy source for spacecraft in orbit. Solar cell modules convert light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect to ensure the power demand of spacecraft. The development of traditional solar cell arrays is not intelligent, automated, and integrated. Its quality consistency, development efficiency, and cost are seriously inconsistent with the explosive growth demand of the industry. It is necessary to optimize the development process of solar cell arrays and move towards a large-scale automated and batch development model. The IV test and EL detection of solar cell modules are key links in the development of solar cell arrays. At present, the IV and EI detection processes of solar cell modules rely more on manual methods. It is a discrete manufacturing production model with a long construction period, a low level of automation, and low production efficiency. In view of this, it is urgent to develop a highly integrated automatic integrated intelligent testing and detection system, and to open up the digital and networked context of the development process to quickly respond to the development needs of efficient and high-quality solar cell arrays. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide an IV and EL automatic testing system for solar cell components for space, and to achieve highly integrated and integrated intelligent testing of solar cell arrays.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: an IV and EL automatic testing system for solar cell modules for space use, including a testing area and a loading and unloading area arranged in parallel on the left and right, the loading and unloading area is provided with a material taking tray, an automatic loading and unloading module and a visual positioning module, the testing area is composed of a light source darkroom, in which an IV testing module and an EL detection module are simultaneously provided, and a testing workbench is horizontally provided; the automatic loading and unloading module uses the positioning information provided by the visual positioning module to grab the solar cell module to be tested from the material taking tray and place it on the testing workbench, the IV testing module performs an electrical performance test on the solar cell module to be tested, the EL detection module performs an EL defect detection on the solar cell module to be tested, automatically locates and distinguishes the battery cells with mismatched electrical performance and the battery cells with hidden cracks in the solar cell module to be tested, and forms a test result for uploading.

[0005] Furthermore, the automatic loading and unloading module is composed of a 5-axis robot, and the visual positioning module is composed of two cameras, which are respectively mounted directly above the two ends of the material tray to obtain the position of the solar cell module to be tested on the material tray, and guide the robot to grab the solar cell module to be tested and place it on the test workbench.

[0006] Furthermore, the IV test module includes an IV light source unit and a double-headed probe fixture automatic measurement slide located on the test workbench; the IV light source unit provides AM0 lighting conditions, thereby realizing the electrical performance measurement of the solar cell module to be tested under AM0 lighting; on the double-headed probe fixture automatic measurement slide, two test electrodes, namely voltage and current test electrodes, are pre-buried at the positions corresponding to each solar cell, and the moving measurement probe is used to press down the solar cell module to be tested to complete data collection.

[0007] Furthermore, the double-headed probe fixture automatic measurement slide is divided into two areas, one area is used to measure the solar cell modules to be tested in a ×1 arrangement, and the other area is used to measure the solar cell modules to be tested in a ×1 to ×3 arrangement.

[0008] Furthermore, the IV test adopts electronic load test, sets the starting range of scanning voltage, performs bright field IV data scanning on the solar cell module to be tested, calculates standard light intensity IV correction compensation, draws IV curve, and calculates the short-circuit current Isc, opening voltage Voc, fill factor FF, maximum power current Ipm, maximum power voltage Vpm, maximum power Pmax, efficiency Eff, string group Rs, parallel group Rsh, and light intensity Insol of the battery cell.

[0009] Furthermore, the EL detection module includes an EL camera and a filter component. The filter component consists of three filters and is arranged below the camera. The EL camera is mounted above the test workbench and moves along the test workbench to take multiple shots to obtain a complete image of the solar cell component to be tested. Then, different filters are automatically adjusted to collect images under different filtering conditions to determine the hidden cracks in the image.

[0010] Furthermore, the transmission wavelengths of the three filters are respectively the cut-off wavelengths of the top, middle and bottom subcells of the triple-junction solar cell.

[0011] Furthermore, EL detection uses AI recognition algorithms to identify the acquired images and determine the hidden cracks present therein.

[0012] Furthermore, the loading and unloading area is also provided with a code recognition module to read the code of the solar cell assembly to be tested and associate the test result with the code of the solar cell assembly to be tested.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a display area, including 2 groups of displays, which are used to display an IV test page and an EL detection page respectively.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0015] (1) The technical solution proposed in the present invention performs IV electrical performance testing and EL defect detection on the solar cell module after the series welding is completed, and automatically locates and identifies individual solar cells with mismatched electrical performance and hidden crack solar cells in the module, forming automatic testing and data collection and uploading, which can quickly respond to the development needs of efficient and high-quality solar cell arrays.

[0016] (2) The present invention designs an automatic loading and unloading module composed of two 5-axis manipulators, which can automatically take out the battery components from the battery component rack, transport them to the test workbench, and put them back on the component rack.

[0017] (3) The present invention uses a positioning camera to take pictures to guide the robot to accurately place the battery assembly on the test workbench.

[0018] (4) In the IV test module of the present invention, the AM0 spectrum is matched to achieve electrical performance measurement under AM0 illumination.

[0019] (4) EL camera and software to realize EL luminescence imaging of different sub-cells of the component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall composition of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2a A top view of the operation sequence of the battery assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the robot of the present invention carrying a battery assembly;

[0023] Figure 3a Positioning camera arrangement diagram for the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the position switching of the positioning camera of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the pre-buried electrodes on the test bench of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of the specification division of the test workbench of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the electrode distribution and product specifications of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the multiple-photographing motion mode of the EL camera of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the test system includes a main frame 1, an AGV docking and material rack placement and lifting module 2, a telescopic material tray mechanism 3, a Keyence QR code and barcode scanner 4, a visual positioning module 5, an automatic loading and unloading module 6, a test workbench 7, an automatic measuring slide 8, an IV light source unit 10, and a display 11, in which the test software 12 is installed.

[0031] The test system includes a test area and a loading and unloading area arranged in parallel on the left and right, and the main frame 1 provides structural support; wherein, the loading and unloading area is provided with a telescopic feeding tray mechanism 3, an automatic loading and unloading module 6 and a visual positioning module 5; the test area is composed of a light source darkroom, which provides a stray light-free, fully enclosed light path environment; in the light source darkroom, an IV test module and an EL detection module are simultaneously arranged, and a test workbench 7 is horizontally arranged; the automatic loading and unloading module 6 uses the positioning information provided by the visual positioning module 5 to grab the solar cell module to be tested from the telescopic feeding tray mechanism 3 and place it on the test workbench 7, the IV test module performs an electrical performance test on the solar cell module to be tested, and the EL detection module performs EL defect detection on the solar cell module to be tested, automatically locates and distinguishes the battery cells with mismatched electrical performance and the battery cells with hidden cracks in the solar cell module to be tested, and forms the test results for uploading. In addition, the test system also includes a display area, including a cabinet and two sets of displays 11, in which test software 12 is installed. The displays can be placed in the left and right or up and down directions, and are IV test displays and EL image displays respectively. The test software is used to control the action of the entire device as well as IV testing and EL detection, process the collected data and images, and perform data collection analysis and report generation.

[0032] Automatic loading and unloading module 6, such as Figure 2b As shown, it is composed of a 5-axis robot.

[0033] Visual positioning module 5, such as Figure 3a , 3b As shown, it is composed of two cameras, which are respectively mounted directly above the two ends of the telescopic material taking tray mechanism 3. Figure 2a As shown, the camera obtains the position of the solar cell module to be tested on the material picking tray and guides the robot to grab it. The operation sequence is: loading, the robot carries the module, the robot places the solar cell module to be tested on the test workbench through parallel movement, and the robot carries the module back to the loading area after the test. During operation, wait for the previous string of modules to be tested and put back in place before grabbing the next module. The number of handling times is less, which reduces the probability of fragmentation caused by multiple grabbing.

[0034] Preferably, the loading and unloading area is also provided with a Keyence QR code or barcode scanner 4 to read the code of the solar cell module to be tested during transportation, so as to subsequently associate the test result with the code of the solar cell module to be tested.

[0035] Preferably, the loading and unloading area is also provided with an AGV docking and material rack placement and lifting module 2, which cooperates with the telescopic material tray mechanism 3 for storing the solar cell components to be tested.

[0036] The IV test module includes an IV light source unit 10 and a double-headed probe fixture automatic measurement slide 8 located on a test workbench 7; the IV light source unit provides AM0 lighting conditions, thereby achieving electrical performance measurement of the solar cell assembly to be tested under AM0 lighting.

[0037] Double-ended probe fixture automatic measurement slide 8, such as Figure 4a The double-headed probe fixture automatically measures the position corresponding to each cell on the slide 8. Two test electrodes are pre-buried, namely voltage and current test electrodes. The double-headed probe fixture automatically measures the position corresponding to each cell on the slide 8. The measuring probe moving above the slide 8 presses down the solar cell module to be tested to complete data collection. Figure 4b The double-headed probe fixture automatic measuring slide 8 is divided into two areas, one area is used to measure the solar cell components to be tested in a parallel number × 1 arrangement mode, and the other area is used to measure the solar cell components to be tested in a parallel number × 3 arrangement mode.

[0038] In this embodiment, the test bench has a size of 2000mm×500mm, and is designed to meet the measurement of the arrangement of 32 small-size solar cells in a string and ×3 parallels, and the arrangement of 27 large-size solar cells in a string and ×1 parallels. The red test area is used for the ×3 parallel, and the blue test area is used for the ×1 parallel.

[0039] In order to be compatible with the contact test of solar cell modules of different sizes (four-wire contact test) as mentioned above, a compatible solution is designed as follows Figure 5 Shown: The Figure 5 A in the middle is the copper bar contacting the negative busbar of the solar cell module; B in the figure is the distribution area of ​​the separate column of the copper bar contacting the positive electrode on the back of the large-size and wide module; C in the figure is the distribution area of ​​the separate column of the copper bar contacting the positive electrode on the back of the small-size and narrow module; D in the figure is a separately led-out multi-contact electrode area, with two contacts in each group, which are separate test points for current and voltage (four-wire test), respectively. The black group of contacts are the negative contacts led out by the pressed copper bar of the negative busbar of the module, and the red contacts are the positive contacts led out by the positive electrode contact copper bar at the bottom of each battery cell. There is one group of negative contacts and 39 groups of positive contacts, and the spacing between the group contacts is evenly distributed, so that when the IV test shows an abnormal curve and there are unmatched battery individuals, different contact contact tests can be performed through the positioning probe combined with logic editing to filter out the unmatched battery individuals.

[0040] Specifically, the IV test uses an electronic load test, sets the starting range of the scanning voltage, performs a bright field IV data scan on the solar cell module to be tested, calculates the standard light intensity IV correction compensation, draws the IV curve, and calculates the short-circuit current Isc, opening voltage Voc, fill factor FF, maximum power current Ipm, maximum power voltage Vpm, maximum power Pmax, efficiency Eff, string group Rs, parallel group Rsh, and light intensity Insol of the battery cell.

[0041] EL detection module, such as Figure 6 As shown, it includes an EL camera and a filter assembly. The filter assembly consists of three filters and is arranged below the camera. The EL camera is set above the test workbench and moves along the test workbench to take multiple shots to obtain a complete image of the solar cell assembly to be tested. Then, different filters are adjusted to collect images of the top cell, the middle cell, and the bottom cell respectively. The EL images are presented on the left, middle, and right sides of the software interface, corresponding to the EL image areas of the top, middle, and bottom cells respectively.

[0042] In this embodiment, the camera is photographed four times and the four images are stitched together, with a theoretical comprehensive pixel of 256 million pixels. According to the camera resolution of 9344×7000, 9344 corresponds to the 2-meter test bench range. The total resolution of the four shots is 9344×4=37376, which is equivalent to 18 pixels per mm of the 2000mm test bench = 0.055mm / pixel.

[0043] Specifically, EL detection uses AI recognition algorithms to identify acquired images and determine the hidden cracks present therein.

[0044] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by way of embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and embodiments that can fall within the scope of the claims of this application all fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0045] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A space solar cell module IV and EL automatic test system, characterized by: It includes a test area and a loading and unloading area arranged in parallel on the left and right. The loading and unloading area is provided with a material taking tray, an automatic loading and unloading module and a visual positioning module. The test area is composed of a light source darkroom. In the light source darkroom, an IV test module and an EL detection module are simultaneously arranged, and a test workbench is horizontally arranged; the automatic loading and unloading module uses the positioning information provided by the visual positioning module to grab the solar cell assembly to be tested from the material taking tray and place it on the test workbench, the IV test module performs an electrical performance test on the solar cell assembly to be tested, and the EL detection module performs EL defect detection on the solar cell assembly to be tested, automatically locates and distinguishes the battery cells with mismatched electrical performance and the battery cells with hidden cracks in the solar cell assembly to be tested, and forms the test results for uploading.

2. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic loading and unloading module is composed of a 5-axis robot, and the visual positioning module is composed of two cameras, which are respectively mounted directly above the two ends of the material tray to obtain the position of the solar cell module to be tested on the material tray, and guide the robot to grab the solar cell module to be tested and place it on the test workbench.

3. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The IV test module includes an IV light source unit and a double-headed probe fixture automatic measurement slide located on the test workbench; the IV light source unit provides AM0 lighting conditions, thereby realizing the electrical performance measurement of the solar cell module to be tested under AM0 lighting; on the double-headed probe fixture automatic measurement slide, two test electrodes, namely voltage and current test electrodes, are pre-buried at the positions corresponding to each battery cell, and the moving measurement probe is used to press down the solar cell module to be tested to complete data collection.

4. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The double-head probe fixture automatic measurement slide is divided into two areas, one area is used to measure the solar cell modules to be tested in a ×1 arrangement, and the other area is used to measure the solar cell modules to be tested in a ×1 to ×3 arrangement.

5. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The IV test uses an electronic load test, sets the starting range of the scanning voltage, performs a bright field IV data scan on the solar cell module to be tested, calculates the standard light intensity IV correction compensation, draws the IV curve, and calculates the short-circuit current Isc, opening voltage Voc, fill factor FF, maximum power current Ipm, maximum power voltage Vpm, maximum power Pmax, efficiency Eff, string group Rs, parallel group Rsh, and light intensity Insol of the battery cell.

6. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The EL detection module includes an EL camera and a filter assembly, wherein the filter assembly is composed of three filters and is arranged below the camera; the EL camera is mounted above the test workbench, moves along the test workbench, and takes multiple shots to obtain a complete image of the solar cell assembly to be tested; Then, different filters are automatically adjusted to collect images under different filtering conditions, and the hidden cracks in the images are determined.

7. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission wavelengths of the three filters are the cutoff wavelengths of the top, middle and bottom sub-cells of the triple-junction solar cell respectively.

8. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: EL detection uses AI recognition algorithms to identify the acquired images and determine the hidden cracks that exist therein.

9. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading and unloading area is also provided with a code recognition module for reading the code of the solar cell assembly to be tested and correspondingly associating the test result with the code of the solar cell assembly to be tested.

10. The space solar cell module IV and EL automatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a display area, which comprises two groups of displays, respectively used for displaying an IV test page and an EL detection page.

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