Filling head capable of realizing reliable filling without splashing

Abstract

The invention relates to a filling head (13) comprising a body (15) comprising a main body portion (17) closed by a cover to form a cavity for receiving a separating device (21), a top end (21A) of the separating device (21) facing the cover of the body (15) comprising at least one recess (22) which improves the pressure equalization in the filling head (13) when a dispensing nozzle is received in the separating device (21), in this way, it is ensured that the possibility of fluid flowing out of the nozzle flowing back from the filling head (13) during automatic stop of the nozzle closing is limited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a filling head which enables reliable (re)filling (filling) of a fluid tank, such as a vehicle tank, using a nozzle (automatic or non-automatic) without splashing, i.e. without any fluid being ejected back from the filling head during the (re)filling phase. Background Art

[0002] Legislative provisions on emissions from cars (passenger vehicles) and trucks provide, inter alia, for the reduction of emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO) into the atmosphere. x . A known method for achieving this purpose is to use the "SCR" (acronym for the term "selective catalytic reduction") method, which is able to reduce nitrogen oxides by injecting a reducing agent (for example ammonia) into the exhaust gas line. Typically, an SCR system comprises a tank for storing an aqueous additive (for example a urea solution), a pump for conveying the aqueous additive in a supply line, and a device for metering the required amount of the aqueous additive and injecting it into the ventilation line. The aqueous additive is thus precisely metered and injected into the exhaust gas flow (exhaust gas flow), where it reduces nitrogen oxides (NO x ) is hydrolyzed before being converted into nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O).

[0003] Urea solution (sometimes also called The application of dispensing in trucks has been known for many years. The tank capacity is very important in the truck series and in addition to the fuel delivery, dispensing systems have been developed with a filling rate of 40 l.min. -1 (ISO 222-41-4 standard). Furthermore, truck urea tanks have a large inlet diameter, which enables a high ventilation capacity.

[0004] Regarding passenger cars, the initial market demand is to design a filling head compatible with manual filling, which has a screw-on bottle. Filling (filling) is done by gravity and is usually slow to about 3 l.min -1 (ISO 222-41-5 standard). However, as more stringent decontamination levels lead to increased urea solution consumption, regular refilling of the urea solution tank has become more common. In addition, customers have noted that they have been able to obtain dispensing devices for trucks, thus being able to apply a unique delivery rate that is different from what was expected.

[0005] Therefore, car manufacturers now require SCR systems designed to be compatible with automatic filling technology originally designed for heavy-duty applications as well as manual filling. Examples of filling heads are disclosed in documents WO 2019 / 149750 and WO2021152071.

[0006] In addition, currently, three main automatic filling technologies are used, depending on the sensor included in the nozzle (ZVA nozzle sensor, Horn nozzle sensor, or PUISI nozzle sensor). Each sensor is not installed at the tip of the nozzle (such as ZVA nozzle), but can also be installed upstream of the nozzle (such as Horn and PUISI nozzle sensors), up to 16mm from the tip.

[0007] Therefore, whatever type of sensor is used in the nozzle, it must meet many conflicting specifications, such as the small diameter of the existing screw-on bottle but the high filling rate of 40 l / min. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a filling head which avoids splashing (spraying) from the filling head before and during closing of the autostop nozzle and at the same time allows faster sensing by the autostop sensor of the (re)filling nozzle.

[0009] Therefore, the object of the present invention is a filling head for a storage system, the filling head comprising a body, the body comprising a main body portion closed by a cover portion to form a cavity for receiving (accommodating) a separation device, the filling head being constructed as a dispensing nozzle for receiving a fluid in a cylindrical wall of the separation device extending around a filling direction, the dispensing nozzle having an automatic stop sensor to prevent overfilling of the filling head, the filling head being constructed to be connected to a filling line and a ventilation line of a fluid storage tank, and the separation device being arranged to improve the separation of a flow from the ventilation line and a flow to the filling line, characterized in that the top end of the cover portion of the separation device facing the main body comprises at least one recess, and when the nozzle is received in the cylindrical wall of the separation device, the at least one recess improves the pressure balance in the filling head to ensure that during the automatic stop nozzle closure, the possibility of the fluid flowing out of the nozzle flowing back from the filling head is limited.

[0010] According to the invention, with the aid of each recess, a better circulation of the fluid between the inner volume and the outer volume of the cylindrical wall is obtained, thereby avoiding the application of a lower pressure in the area between the top end and the cover, which lower pressure might locally cause a suction effect (suction) of the fluid near the nozzle tip, which suction effect, if high (strong) enough, would lead to the discharge (spraying) of the fluid from the filling head.

[0011] The present invention may also include one or more of the following optional features used alone or in combination.

[0012] The top end of the separator is an annular wall and the at least one recess forms a through channel in the thickness of the annular wall, thereby obtaining better fluid communication between the inner volume and the outer volume of the cylindrical wall by locally increasing the gap between the top end and the cover.

[0013] The buffer volume can be configured to be connected to the ventilation line and reduce the speed of the flow from the ventilation line. The buffer volume can be laterally integrated with the main body. The common wall of the main body and the buffer volume can include a hole that allows the flow from the ventilation line to pass and enter the cavity of the body. This construction allows further improvement for the purpose of avoiding any splashing from the filling head. Therefore, regardless of the volume of the tank and / or the (re)filling rate, it is possible to better reduce the speed of the flow from the ventilation line and better rupture of bubbles along the wall of the buffer volume.

[0014] The cylindrical wall may include at least one orifice in the top end of the separation device, which allows the flow of fluid from the ventilation line to pass through the cylindrical wall to be discharged to the outside of the filling head. At least four flanges, preferably laterally extending (protruding) from the outer surface of the cylindrical wall, may be mounted around the holes of the buffer volume to form a passage to the at least one orifice, thereby improving the separation of the flow from the ventilation line and the flow to the filling line. Thus, when exiting the orifice, the flow from the ventilation line can basically only communicate with the at least one orifice 31 at an upstream level relative to the filling flow direction.

[0015] The cover comprises a protruding guide element to guide the dispensing nozzle into the separating device. When the nozzle is not received in the separating device, the protruding guide element can be closed in a sealing manner by the cover.

[0016] The inner surface of the protruding guide element may have at least one groove, such that when the nozzle is received in the protruding guide element, flow from the vent line is allowed to be discharged to the exterior of the filling head via the at least one groove.

[0017] The bottom end of the main body part of the separation device facing the body includes a fixing element which is mounted on the outer surface of the cylindrical wall to cooperate (match) with the inner wall of the main body part protruding in the cavity to fix the separation device in the cavity and serve as an extension of the inner wall.

[0018] The fixing element and the inner wall may have complementary shapes to limit the possibility of fluid flow between the bottom end of the separation device and the inner wall of the main body portion.This configuration forms a labyrinth shape between the bottom of the filling head and the separation device.

[0019] The inner wall may be at least partially annular in shape and the fixing element has a hook shape to catch (hook) the free end of the inner wall. Closing of the auto-stop nozzle is significantly improved because the sensor can sense the fluid in the filling head faster.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is a storage system comprising a fluid tank connected to a filling line and a ventilation line, the filling line being constructed to direct the gravity flow of the fluid from a filling head to the tank, the ventilation line being constructed to compensate for pressure changes in the tank, characterized in that the filling head is a filling head according to any of the above-mentioned embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly in the following detailed description of embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings and provided as non-limiting illustrations, in which:

[0022] - Figure 1 is a schematic top view of an example of a vehicle to which the present invention may be applied;

[0023] - Figure 2 is a perspective view of an example of a filling head according to the present invention;

[0024] - Figure 3 is a partial perspective view of an example of a filling head according to the present invention;

[0025] - Figure 4 is a partial top view of an example of a filling head according to the present invention;

[0026] - Figure 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an example of a filling head according to the present invention when receiving a nozzle;

[0027] - Figure 6 It is along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view taken along plane VI-VI;

[0028] - Figure 7 It is along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view taken along plane VII-VII;

[0029] - Figure 8 It is along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view taken along plane VIII-VIII. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In the various figures, identical or similar elements are provided with identical reference numerals, optionally supplemented with indices. Therefore, the description of their structure and their function is not systematically repeated.

[0031] In all the following, the orientation is the general orientation of the drawings. In particular, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" are placed above, below, left and right relative to the view in the figure. In addition, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" generally refer to the position of one element relative to another element relative to the direction of the filling flow F.

[0032] It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other orientations than described or illustrated herein.

[0033] It should be noted that the term "comprising" used in the claims should not be interpreted as being limited to the means listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. Therefore, it should be interpreted as specifying the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components or groups thereof. Therefore, the scope of the expression "a device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to devices consisting only of components A and B. This means that with regard to the present invention, the only relevant components of the device are A and B.

[0034] The term "tank" is to be understood as meaning an impermeable tank which can store a fluid such as fuel, urea solution or water under universal and various environmental and use conditions. Examples are a fuel tank for supplying a motor vehicle with fuel (gasoline, diesel, hydrogen, etc.), a tank for injecting a urea solution in an exhaust system, or a tank for supplying a motor vehicle with water.

[0035] The term "SCR system" is understood to mean a system for catalytically reducing exhaust gas NOx from an internal combustion engine, preferably a vehicle 41, using for example urea solution as liquid additive. The invention is advantageously applicable to diesel engines, in particular passenger car or heavy goods vehicle diesel engines.

[0036] Furthermore, the urea dispensing nozzle 10 can be introduced into the filling head 13 according to the invention. Therefore, a valve activated by a magnetic field has been developed for the dispensing nozzle 10. Therefore, when applied to a urea tank, the filling head 13 must have a magnetic element for activating the valve and allowing the delivery of urea solution.

[0037] In the description provided herein, many specific details are set forth. However, it should be understood that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In other cases, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail to avoid obscuring the understanding of the description.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the invention relates to a vehicle 41 equipped with a power system 43 connected to a purification system 45. More precisely, the purification system 45 comprises an exhaust device 47 and an additive injection device 49 in the exhaust device 47, the additive being, for example, a urea solution.

[0039] The injection device 49 comprises a storage system 1 comprising a tank 3 for storing an aqueous additive. The injection device 49 may also or may not comprise a plurality of sensors immersed in the aqueous additive, such as a level sensor, a temperature sensor and / or a quality sensor, which may be of the capacitive effect type, the ultrasonic type or the mechanical type.

[0040] The injection device 49 also comprises a pump 5 associated with an injection element 7 managed by a processing unit connected to a central computer of the vehicle 41. The processing unit comprises a memory in which coded instructions are stored. When the coded instructions are executed by the processing unit, for example the steps of the SCR method are performed.

[0041] The tank 3 must be regularly (re)filled with an aqueous additive, such as a urea solution or an ammonia solution. Therefore, the storage system 1 comprises a filling line 9, a venting line 11 (also referred to as a return line) and a filling head 13. The filling line 9 is configured to direct the gravity flow of the fluid from the filling head 13 to the tank 3. The venting line 11 is configured to compensate for pressure variations in the tank 3 during refilling by discharging from the filling head 13 the fluid contained in the tank 3 (the fluid being compressed due to the fluid from the filling line 9 reaching the tank 3, which mainly comprises air and gas of the liquid vapor finally contained in the tank 3).

[0042] Finally, the filling head 13 is configured to receive the nozzle 10 of the fluid dispensing system (in Figure 5 ), and is connected to the filling line 9 and the ventilation line 11 in a sealed manner for all kinds of fluids (such as air and aqueous additives) intended to be stored in the tank 3. The filling head 13 thus allows the fluid flowing out of the nozzle 10 during refilling to flow into the tank 3 via the filling line 9, and at the same time allows the fluid present above the liquid in the tank 3 to be able to be discharged from the tank 3 through the filling head 13 via the ventilation line 11 to escape into the ambient air (external atmosphere) surrounding the vehicle 41.

[0043] The present invention aims to provide a new filling system for a fluid tank 3 that can withstand a wide range of filling rates regardless of the volume of the tank 3. More specifically, the present invention relates to the optimization of the filling head 13 to avoid the aqueous additive from being sprayed out of the filling head 13 before and during the closing of the automatic stop nozzle 10, and to allow faster sensing of the automatic stop sensor of the refilling nozzle 10.

[0044] The object of the present invention is therefore a filling head 13 comprising a body 15 to be mounted inclined according to a predetermined angle relative to the direction of gravity in the vehicle 41. According to the invention, the predetermined angle can be comprised between 0° and 60° when the direction of gravity is taken into account. This angular range allows a good flow by means of gravity and an easy introduction of the dispensing nozzle 10 in the filling head 13.

[0045] The filling head 13 comprises a body portion 17 closed by a cover 19 to form a cavity 20. According to a first example, the cover 19 can be fixed in a sealed manner to the body portion 17 by welding. Thus, a unique weld is used during the manufacturing process, making it possible to reduce cycle times and associated costs.

[0046] According to a second example, the cover 19 can be fixed to the main body 17 in a sealed manner by snap-fitting the sealing ring 24 between the cover 19 and the main body 17. Therefore, the manufacturing process can avoid the use of welding steps, thereby allowing an easier method and allowing the cover 19 to be easily removed for after-sales purposes.

[0047] The cover 19 may comprise a protruding guide element 18 to guide the dispensing nozzle 10 into a separating device 21 (described below) so as to allow better mechanical protection of its cylindrical wall 23. Preferably, when the nozzle 10 is not received in the separating device 21, the protruding guide element 18 is closed in a sealed manner by a screw cap (not shown).

[0048] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the cover 19 may comprise magnets 16 at the periphery of the protruding guide element 18 in order to activate the valve of the nozzle 10 by means of a magnetic field when the tank 3 is of the urea type allowing the delivery of urea solution.

[0049] Furthermore, the inner surface of the protruding guide element 18 has at least one groove 18A to allow the flow V from the vent line 11 to be discharged outside the filling head 13 via the at least one groove 18A when the nozzle 10 is received in the protruding guide element 18 .

[0050] The main body portion 17 may include a plurality of ribs 17B (four ribs 17B in Figure 6 17B) to receive the separator 21 against the upper end of each rib 17B (by abutting against the lower surface of the lower flange 29). Thus, the separator 21 can be easily removed from the cavity 20 for replacement. Thus, the separator 21 can be replaced with a different geometry to fit another type or size of nozzle 10 and / or tank 3.

[0051] The filling head 13 may also comprise a buffer volume 12 integral with the body portion 17, so as to reduce the velocity of the flow V coming from the ventilation line 11. This configuration enables a further improvement to be obtained with regard to the purpose of avoiding any splashing from the filling head 13. Depending on the sensor type, the buffer volume 12 is comprised between 80 ml and 140 ml, preferably between 90 ml and 130 ml and more preferably between 94 ml and 129 ml. More precisely, when considering the filling direction F, the further the sensor of the nozzle is located upstream, the greater the buffer volume 12.

[0052] Specifically, the buffer volume 12 is configured to be connected to the ventilation line 11 and to reduce the velocity of the flow V coming from the ventilation line 11. Figure 2-8 In the exemplary embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, the buffer volume 12 is laterally integral with the main body portion 17. The common wall of the main body portion 17 and the buffer volume 12 includes a hole 26 that allows the flow V from the ventilation line 11 to pass through and enter the cavity 20 of the body 15. Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the hole 26 is as high as possible in the buffer volume to facilitate a smooth flow of the flow V to the top of the filling head 13 .

[0053] Thus, the buffer volume 12 can be as far away as possible from the tank 3. Advantageously, a better reduction in the velocity of the flow V coming from the ventilation line 11 and a better collapse of the bubbles along the walls of the buffer volume 12 are obtained, whatever the volume and / or the filling rate of the tank 3. Moreover, the flow F is advantageously better separated in the chamber 20 by means of the separation device 21 into: the fluid flow F flowing out of the nozzle 10 and the fluid flow V coming from the ventilation line 11 in the body 15, so as to avoid activating the automatic stop function of the dispensing nozzle until the tank 3 is effectively filled.

[0054] According to the invention, the separating device 21, preferably suspended in the cavity 20 of the body 15, is configured to receive the dispensing nozzle 10 in its cylindrical wall 21C extending around the filling direction F, such as Figure 5 As shown in the exemplary embodiment of . The separation device 21 is arranged to improve the separation of the flow V from the ventilation line 11 and the flow F to the filling line 9. Thus, as Figure 5 As shown, when the nozzle 10 abuts against the inner rib 21D of the cylindrical wall 21C, the sensor (ZVA nozzle sensor) mounted at the tip of the nozzle 10 is located in plane I. Even if the sensor (Horn and PIUSI nozzle sensor) is located in the upstream direction of the nozzle 10 when considering the filling direction F (possibly as far as 16 mm from the tip of the nozzle 10), all technical effects and results of the present invention still apply advantageously.

[0055] According to a first aspect of the invention, the separating device 21 comprises a top end 21A of the cap 19 facing the body 15, the top end 21A comprising at least one notch 22 which improves the pressure balance in the filling head 13 when the nozzle 10 is received in the cylindrical wall 21C of the separating device 21, thereby ensuring that, during the closing of the automatic stop nozzle 10, the possibility of the fluid flowing out of the nozzle 10 flowing back from the filling head 13 is limited. In fact, at the moment of closing of the automatic stop nozzle 10, it has been observed that the internal pressure in the cylindrical wall 21C may suddenly rise. With the help of the notch 22, a better fluid circulation is obtained between the internal volume and the external volume of the cylindrical wall 21C, so as to avoid the application of a lower pressure in the area between the top end 21A and the cap 19, which lower pressure could locally cause a suction effect of the additive solution near the tip of the nozzle 10, which suction effect is high enough to discharge it from the filling head 13.

[0056] exist Figure 3-4 In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the top end 21A of the separation device 21 is an annular wall 28, wherein each notch 22 (at Figure 3-4 In the third embodiment, a through-channel is formed relative to the thickness T of the annular wall, thereby allowing better fluid communication between the internal volume and the external volume of the cylindrical wall 21C by locally increasing the gap between the top end 21A and the cover 19. Figure 3 In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 , it can be seen that three recesses 22 are provided along the entire height H of the annular wall 28 up to the upper flange 23A. In addition, the recesses 22 are each regularly distributed at an angle of approximately 120 degrees around the direction of the filling flow F, and each empties the annular wall 28 at an angle α of approximately 60 degrees around the direction of the filling flow F, thereby allowing to improve the pressure balance between the internal volume and the external volume of the cylindrical wall 21C.

[0057] According to a second aspect of the invention, the cylindrical wall 21C comprises at least one orifice 31 in the top end 21A of the separator 21, downstream of the upper flange 23A, allowing the fluid flow V from the ventilation line 11 to pass through the cylindrical wall 21C as close as possible to the cover 19. Figure 5 and Figure 7 As can be seen in the exemplary embodiment of , the fluid flow V coming from the ventilation line 11 (via the buffer volume 12 ) passes through the cylindrical wall 21C as far as possible from the tip (plane I) of the nozzle 10 in order to be discharged to the outside of the filling head 13 .

[0058] Furthermore, at least four flanges 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D (two horizontal flanges 23A, 23B and two vertical flanges 23C, 23D) project laterally from the outer surface of the cylindrical wall 21C and are mounted around the hole 26 of the buffer volume 12 so as to form a passage 27 leading to at least one orifice 31, thereby allowing an improved separation between the flow V coming from the ventilation line 11 and the flow F going to the filling line 9. Thus, when flowing out of the hole 26, the flow V coming from the ventilation line 11 via the buffer volume 12 can essentially only communicate with at least one orifice 31 at an upstream level relative to the direction of the filling flow F. Figure 8 As better shown in FIG. 2 , the channel 27 opens into an orifice 31, the bottom of which is formed by the shielding flange 25. It can also be seen that the length L of the hole 26 is substantially equal to the length of the buffer volume 12 and the channel 27. This configuration ensures a laminar flow F of the fluid flowing out of the nozzle 10 in the body 15 to the filling line 9, and a direct discharge V of the fluid coming from the venting line 11 through the buffer volume 12 through the cylindrical wall 21C. Therefore, this configuration also makes it possible to limit any fluid distribution closure / failure during filling.

[0059] According to a third aspect of the invention, a shielding flange 25 protruding laterally from the outer surface of the cylindrical wall 21C is mounted in the cavity 20 upstream of the sensor of the nozzle 10 (when received in the cylindrical wall 21C), when considering the direction of the filling flow F. This configuration of the shielding flange 25 ensures that the possibility of the fluid flowing out of the nozzle 10 present in the filling head 13 to flow back from the filling head 13 is limited without affecting the operation of the sensor.

[0060] Thus, when considering the filling flow F direction, downstream of the level of the orifice 31, a dead volume is formed in the chamber 20 between the shielding flange 25 and the lower flange 29 in order to receive the fluid that eventually passes before reaching the top end 21A of the separation device 21. In other words, the dead volume forms an additional volume to eventually store the fluid that is slowed down by contact with the lower flange 29, so as to avoid splashing from the filling head 13 before and during the closing of the automatic stop nozzle 10.

[0061] The shielding flange 25 of the separation device 21 covers substantially all the horizontal bottoms at the level of the orifice 31, and the lower flange 29 covers substantially all the horizontal parts of the chamber 20 (downstream of the lower horizontal flange 23B when considering the filling flow F direction). This configuration makes it possible to form a shield substantially over all the upper surfaces of the fluid present in the filling head 13. In other words, this increases the difficulty of the fluid reaching the dead volume above the lower flange 29 and even more above the shielding flange 25. It can also be seen that the lower part of the lower flange 29 is substantially located in the plane I of the nozzle 10 tip.

[0062] According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the bottom end 21B of the main body portion 17 of the separator 21 facing the body 15 includes a fixing element 21E mounted on the outer surface of the cylindrical wall 21C. The fixing element is configured to cooperate (match) with the inner wall 17A of the main body portion 17 protruding in the cavity 20 to fix the separator 21 in the cavity 20 as an extension of the inner wall 17A. This fixing function is complementary to the fixing function obtained by abutting the lower surface of the lower flange 29 against the upper end of each rib 17B.

[0063] exist Figure 5-7 In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fixing element 21E and the inner wall 17A have complementary shapes so as to limit the possibility of the fluid flowing between the bottom end 21B of the separation device 21 and the inner wall 17A of the body 17. Specifically, the inner wall 17A is at least partially annular in shape, and the fixing element 21E has a hook shape to catch (hook) the free end of the inner wall 17A. Therefore, the closing of the automatic stop nozzle 10 is significantly improved because the sensor can sense the fluid in the filling head 13 more quickly. This configuration forms a labyrinth shape between the bottom of the filling head 13 and the separation device 21.

[0064] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and variations presented, but may employ various other embodiments and / or variations that will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, while some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, the combination of features of different embodiments is intended to be within the scope of the present invention and to form different embodiments, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0065] In particular, the shape and / or the dimensions may be modified according to the specific application, in particular according to the type of tank 3 .

Claims

1. A filling head (13) for a storage system (1), comprising a body (15), the body (15) comprising a main part (17), the main part (17) being closed by a cover (19) to form a cavity (20), a separation device (21) being received in the cavity (20), the filling head (13) being configured to receive a dispensing nozzle (10) of a fluid in a cylindrical wall (21C) of the separation device (21) extending around a filling direction (F), the dispensing nozzle (10) having an automatic stop sensor to prevent overfilling of the filling head (13), the filling head (13) being configured to be connected to a filling line (9) and a ventilation line (11) of a fluid storage tank (3), and the separation device (21) being arranged to improve the separation of a flow (V) from the ventilation line (11) and a flow (F) to the filling line (9), characterised in that The top end (21A) of the cover portion (19) of the separation device (21) facing the body (15) includes at least one recess (22), which improves the pressure balance in the filling head (13) when the nozzle (10) is received in the cylindrical wall (21C) of the separation device (21) to ensure that the possibility of the fluid flowing out of the nozzle (10) flowing back from the filling head (13) is limited during the automatic stop of the nozzle (10) closure.

2. Filling head (13) according to the preceding claim, wherein: The top end (21A) of the separation device (21) is an annular wall (28), and the at least one recess (22) forms a through-going channel in the thickness (T) of the annular wall (28).

3. The filling head (13) according to claim 1 or 2 comprises a buffer volume (12), which is constructed to be connected to the ventilation line (11) and to reduce the speed of the flow (V) from the ventilation line (11), the buffer volume (12) being laterally integrated with the main body (17), and the common wall of the main body (17) and the buffer volume (12) comprising a hole (26), which allows the flow (V) from the ventilation line (11) to pass through and enter the cavity (20) of the body (15).

4. Filling head (13) according to the preceding claim, wherein: The cylindrical wall (21C) comprises at least one orifice (31) in the top end (21A) of the separation device (21) and at least four flanges (23A, 23B, 23C, 23D), the at least one orifice (31) allowing a flow (V) of fluid from the ventilation line (11) to pass through the cylindrical wall (23) to be discharged to the outside of the filling head (13), the at least four flanges (23A, 23B, 23C, 23D) extending laterally from the outer surface of the cylindrical wall (21C) and being installed around the hole (26) of the buffer volume (12) to form a channel (27) leading to the at least one orifice (31), thereby improving the separation of the flow (V) from the ventilation line (11) and the flow (F) to the filling line (9).

5. A filling head (13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The cover (19) comprises a protruding guide element (18) for guiding the dispensing nozzle into the separating device (21).

6. Filling head (13) according to the preceding claim, wherein: When the nozzle (10) is not received in the separating device (21), the protruding guide element (18) is closed in a sealing manner by the cover.

7. The filling head (13) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: The inner surface of the protruding guide element (18) has at least one groove (18A) so that when the nozzle (10) is received in the protruding guide element (18), the flow (V) from the ventilation line (11) is allowed to be discharged to the outside of the filling head (13) via the at least one groove (18A).

8. A filling head (13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The bottom end (21B) of the main body (17) of the separation device (21) facing the body (15) includes a fixing element (21E), which is mounted on the outer surface of the cylindrical wall (21C) to cooperate with the inner wall (17A) of the main body (17) protruding in the cavity (20) to fix the separation device (21) in the cavity (20) and serve as an extension of the inner wall (17A).

9. A filling head (13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The fixing element (21E) and the inner wall (17A) have complementary shapes to limit the possibility of fluid flow between the bottom end (21B) of the separation device (21) and the inner wall (17A) of the main body (17).

10. The filling head (13) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: The inner wall (17A) is at least partially annular in shape, and the fixing element (21E) has a hook shape to grasp the free end of the inner wall (17A).

11. A storage system (1) comprising a fluid tank (3) and a vent line (11), the fluid tank (3) being connected to a filling line (9), the filling line (9) being configured to direct a gravity flow of fluid from a filling head (13) to the tank (3), the vent line (11) being configured to compensate for pressure variations in the tank (3), characterized in that The filling head (13) is a filling head according to any one of the preceding claims.

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