Transplanting method for preventing seedling from being crooked and seedling transplanting machine

Abstract

The application discloses a seedling transplanting method and a seedling transplanting machine, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, aiming to keep the seedling in a vertical state during the seedling transplanting process, and to reduce or avoid the seedling from being inclined and lodging. The seedling transplanting machine comprises a power system, a walking system, a soil breaking device and a transplanting device. The seedling transplanting machine firstly removes the hardened layer of the matrix or soil at the bottom of the seedling, which is beneficial to the downward development of the root system, and meanwhile, the bottom of the seedling is trimmed into a shape with a regular center of gravity and high adaptability. Then, the seedling is sent to a seedling placing device (7), the opening and closing sheet (21) with a special supporting and clamping structure in the seedling placing device (7) is used to keep the seedling stable during the falling process, and the seedling is prevented from being inclined and tilted. Finally, the seedling placing device (7) is lifted, the soil covers the seedling, and the seedling falls into a correct vertical state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a transplanting method for preventing seedlings from tilting and a seedling transplanting machine thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Transplanting seedlings is a crucial step in the cultivation of many crops, requiring attention to several aspects, including transplanting time, hardening-off treatment, soil preparation and fertilization, transplanting procedures, and post-transplanting management. When transplanting, select seedlings of uniform size and ensure equal fertilization per planting hole. Handle transplanting carefully to avoid damaging the roots and leaves. Water promptly after transplanting to keep the soil moist and promote seedling growth. Transplanting crop seedlings requires professional skills and meticulous management; only by properly preparing before transplanting and managing afterward can healthy seedling growth and high yields be ensured.

[0003] With the continuous development of agricultural machinery technology, the transplanting of crop seedlings is now mostly done semi-automatically with the assistance of transplanting machines. This reduces labor costs and improves labor productivity, representing an important trend in agricultural mechanization with broad application prospects. For example, "CN202222123187.7 A front-drive self-propelled seedling planting and transplanting composite machine" completes a series of operations such as planting, transplanting, fertilizing, and watering of seedlings in one go. It plants crops in the planting pit in one operation, which not only has high efficiency in planting and transplanting, but also allows the operator to automatically complete all other tasks by simply feeding seedlings into the seedling tray of the transplanting mechanism, resulting in a high degree of mechanization.

[0004] However, when placing seedlings, the aforementioned transplanting equipment directly removes the plastic or non-woven bag from the bottom of the bagged seedlings and places them, along with the cylindrical or inverted frustum-shaped substrate or soil attached to the bottom of the seedlings, into seedling cups on a circular seedling tray, and then transplants them using the seedling placement device 7. During this process, no adjustments are made to improve the stability of the falling of the bagged seedlings after removing the packaging bag, causing the substrate or soil at the bottom to partially fall off during the transfer of the seedlings, resulting in an uneven surface and a shift in the center of gravity. In addition, the duckbill transplanter used in the above solution or existing technology has a conical structure. Due to the large space of the cone, when the seedlings are too small, the center of gravity of the substrate shifts, and the seedlings are difficult to keep upright when they fall to the bottom of the cone. In addition, the uneven bottom of the bagged seedlings ultimately results in the seedlings being transplanted in a crooked or fallen state, which is not conducive to the growth of the seedlings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a transplanting method and a seedling transplanter to prevent seedlings from tilting, thereby maintaining seedlings in an upright position during transplanting and reducing or avoiding tilting and lodging of seedlings.

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a transplanter that prevents seedlings from tilting, characterized in that:

[0007] It includes a power system, a walking system, a pond-making device, and a transplanting device; the transplanting device includes a transmission box and a seedling conveying channel 1; the seedling conveying channel 1 is mounted on the frame 2 via a support frame, and a rotary conveyor belt 3 is installed on it, which is driven by a rotary motor mounted on the side of the support frame to perform intermittent movement at a fixed frequency;

[0008] A movable baffle 4 is installed below the starting end of the seedling conveying channel 1. The bottom of the movable baffle 4 is a 3 / 4 ring, an arc-shaped push plate 5 is installed on the vertical side, and a semi-circular pressure plate 6 is installed on the top. The distance between the pressure plate 6 and the bottom is adjustable. One end of the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is connected to the bottom of the support frame through a movable pivot pin, and the other end opposite to the movable pivot pin is connected to an adjusting motor installed at the bottom of the support frame through a lever. Adjusting the motor drives the lever, which can drive the movable baffle 4 to rotate around the movable pivot pin, thereby closing or opening, supporting the seedlings placed above or pushing them towards the rotary conveyor belt 3. The outlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1 is directly opposite the inlet of the seedling placer 7. After the seedlings are sent to the outlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1, they enter the seedling placer 7 through the guide tube.

[0009] A seedling substrate or soil shaping device is installed below the movable baffle 4 at the beginning of the seedling transport channel 1. This device is mainly used to remove the hardened layer at the bottom of the substrate or soil carried by the seedling roots, and to trim and flatten the bottom, so that the bottom forms a shape with a central depression and gradually flattened edges. This improves the bottom of the seedling substrate or soil's ability to accommodate the uneven surface of the transplanting pond, and corrects the center line of gravity of the substrate or soil.

[0010] Its structure is as follows: Below the bottom of the movable baffle 4, there is an independently powered micro motor and a lifting cylinder. The motor output shaft is installed vertically upwards, and a shaping head is set on the top of it. The shaping head includes three parts: a bottom trimming plate 8 and a side trimming plate 9 fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and a positioning shaft 10 connected to the lifting cylinder. The positioning shaft 10 is fitted into a hollow cylinder 11 in which the bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 are installed. The two rotate relative to each other. The top of the positioning shaft 10 is inserted into the seedling substrate or soil to achieve positioning, while the bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 fixedly connected to the motor output shaft rotate with the motor.

[0011] The top of the positioning shaft 10 has three or more pointed tips, which are inserted into the center of the circular end face of the substrate or soil. A bottom trimming plate 8 is fixed to the side of the hollow cylinder 11 below the top of the positioning shaft 10. The inner end face of the bottom trimming plate 8 is fixed to the hollow cylinder 11 and extends outward. Its top gradually narrows and its bottom is set horizontally. The overall shape is a right triangle and a cutting edge is provided on its hypotenuse. A vertical side trimming plate 9 is installed on the bottom side of the bottom trimming plate 8. The vertical angle of the side trimming plate 9 is adjustable, and its distance from the positioning shaft 10 can be adjusted and fixed along the slot to adapt to seedling substrates or soils of different shapes and bottom diameters.

[0012] The transplanting device includes a seedling placer 7, which is connected to and driven by a transmission box via a connecting rod and a transmission chain.

[0013] The seedling feeder 7 includes a left duckbill seat 12 and a right duckbill seat 13 with a semi-circular arc shape and a notch at the top. Both have connecting holes on the protruding parts on both sides of their middle section. Two connecting shafts 14 pass through the connecting holes on both sides respectively. The protruding parts overlap each other, connecting the concave sides of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 together to form an arc-shaped feeding channel.

[0014] In addition, an "L"-shaped bracket 15 is fitted on the outside of each of the two connecting shafts 14. The brackets 15 face the same direction, and a crossbar 16 is provided to connect the two brackets 15 into one unit, located on the side of the left duckbill seat 12 or the right duckbill seat 13. A through hole is provided in the middle of the crossbar 16, and a bushing 17 is installed in it. An elastic support rod 18 is connected to the end of the bushing 17. The other end of the elastic support rod 18 is connected to the left duckbill seat 12. The elastic support rod 18 has an opening inside, and a traction wire 19 is provided to pass through the bushing 17, through the hole in the elastic support rod 18 and the side wall of the left duckbill seat 12, extend along the arc-shaped side wall of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, penetrate the side wall of the right duckbill seat 13 and be fixed on its outside.

[0015] On the outer walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 below the bracket 15, opposite mounting seats are respectively set with the contact line of the two as the midpoint. The mounting seats are provided with elastic reset connectors 20 to pull the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 together.

[0016] Below the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, three-section semi-conical opening and closing pieces 21 are fixedly connected. The opening and closing piece 21 includes, from top to bottom, a vertical cylinder 21-1, a first arc 21-2 and a second arc 21-3 with the same curvature direction and different curvature radii, a first connecting segment 21-4 connecting the vertical cylinder 21-1 and the first arc 21-2, and a second connecting segment 21-5 connecting the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3, which together form a three-section arc transition structure.

[0017] Preferably, a movable baffle 4 and a corresponding drive and transmission mechanism are provided below the outlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1, which is symmetrical to the inlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1. The bottom of the movable baffle 4 is kept closed before the seedling is delivered. After the seedling is delivered to it and stops, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is rotated open, and the seedling enters the seedling placer 7 through the guide cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, the traction line 19 is a single line that extends along the arc-shaped sidewall of either the left duckbill seat 12 or the right duckbill seat 13, penetrates the sidewall of the right duckbill seat 13, and is fixed to its outer side.

[0019] Preferably, the traction wires 19 are two wires, which extend along the two arc-shaped sidewalls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 respectively, and are fixed to the outside of the right duckbill seat 13 after penetrating its sidewall.

[0020] Preferably, a number of fastening buckles 22 are provided at intervals along the installation path of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 along the traction line 19, so as to attach the traction line 19 to the side wall of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13.

[0021] Preferably, the elastic reset connector 20 is a spring.

[0022] Preferably, the first connecting segment 21-4 between the vertical cylinder 21-1 and the first arc 21-2 faces inward and has a diameter R = 11.5 cm; the first arc 21-2 faces outward and has a diameter R = 112 cm; the second connecting segment 16 between the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3 faces inward and has a diameter R = 8 cm; the second arc 21-3 faces outward and has a diameter R = 140 cm.

[0023] A method for preventing seedlings from tilting when using the above-mentioned seedling transplanter is characterized by including the steps of transporting the seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at their bottom, as well as the step of placing the seedlings in the seedling holder 7.

[0024] I. Transporting seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at their base

[0025] ① The seedlings are first placed in the storage tray above the seedling conveying channel 1. The operator manually places them at the beginning of the seedling conveying channel 1. At this time, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is at the beginning of the seedling conveying channel 1 to support the seedlings. After the seedlings are placed on it, they are accommodated between the bottom and top of the movable baffle 4.

[0026] ②The positioning shaft 10 in the seedling substrate or soil shaping device rises upward. Under the clamping of the bottom and top of the movable baffle 4, the tip of the positioning shaft 10 penetrates into the center or near the center of the seedling substrate or soil, thereby positioning the seedling substrate or soil.

[0027] ③ The adjustment motor on the movable baffle 4 is activated, which drives the lever to rotate the bottom of the movable baffle 4 by a certain angle. The bottom of the movable baffle 4 exposes the bottom of the seedling. The bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 in the shaping device are driven by their motors to trim the substrate or soil at the bottom of the seedling, remove or partially remove the hardened layer at the bottom, and shape it into a structure with an upward concave conical space. This space can accommodate the small soil clods that protrude from the bottom of the pond after the seedling falls, preventing tilting caused by uneven ground. At the same time, the shaping process can adjust the overall center of gravity of the seedling and improve its stability.

[0028] ④ After the seedlings have completed bottom shaping at the beginning of the seedling conveying channel 1, the motor is adjusted to operate again, driving the vertically set arc-shaped push plate 5 on the side of the movable baffle 4 to rotate towards the rotary conveyor belt 3, pushing the shaped seedlings onto the rotary conveyor belt 3, which then transports the seedlings to the seedling placement device 7.

[0029] Placement of seedlings in seedling container 7

[0030] ① The seedlings are sent by the rotary conveyor belt 3 to the seedling placement device 7 above the seedling conveying channel 1. Before the seedlings arrive, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 set below the outlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1 is closed. After the seedlings are sent to it and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 rotates and opens, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device 7 through the guide cylinder.

[0031] ②The seedlings enter the beak of the seedling holder 7. The three-section arc transition structure of the inner wall of the two sides of the beak opening and closing piece 21 forms a surface support and holds the seedlings in turn. The first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3 form two force support parts to keep the seedlings upright.

[0032] ③ The duckbill is inserted into the soil, and the traction line 19 is pulled. The two opening and closing pieces 21 open outwards respectively. The seedling is kept vertical and falls into the pond. The conical space and edge structure of the bottom of the seedling are in contact with the bottom of the pond. Then the test piece is lifted while it is still open. The surrounding soil returns to its original position and the substrate or soil part of the seedling is buried. The transplanting work is completed.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The seedling transplanter described in this application first removes the compacted layer of substrate or soil at the bottom of the seedling, which is conducive to the downward development of the root system. At the same time, it trims the bottom of the seedling into a shape with a regular center of gravity and high adaptability. Then, the seedling is sent to the seedling placer 7. The opening and closing plate 21 with special support and clamping structure in the seedling placer 7 keeps the seedling stable during the falling process and prevents it from tilting or leaning. Finally, the seedling placer 7 is raised, the soil covers the seedling, and the seedling falls into a vertical and correct state. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling transplanter described in this application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling delivery channel described in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and operation of the seedling delivery channel described in Example 2.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and operation status of the seedling delivery channel described in Example 2.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable baffle.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the use of the movable baffle in conjunction with the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage status of a seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the second state of use of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage status of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage status of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the transplanting device described in Example 1.

[0046] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and combination of the left and right duckbill seats.

[0047] Figure 14It is a schematic diagram of the structure and combination of two opening and closing pieces.

[0048] Figure 15 yes Figure 12 Top view.

[0049] Figure 16 This is a top view of the transplanting device in Example 2.

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the opening and closing plate supports the seedling.

[0051] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram showing the seedling falling after the opening and closing plate is opened.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Seedling conveying channel; 2. Frame; 3. Rotary conveyor belt; 4. Movable baffle; 5. Push plate; 6. Pressure plate; 7. Seedling holder; 8. Bottom trimming plate; 9. Side trimming plate; 10. Positioning shaft; 11. Hollow cylinder; 12. Left duckbill seat; 13. Right duckbill seat; 14. Connecting shaft; 15. Bracket; 16. Crossbar; 17. Bushing; 18. Support rod; 19. Traction line; 20. Elastic reset connector; 21. Opening and closing piece; 21-1. Vertical cylinder; 21-2. First arc; 21-3. Second arc; 21-4. First connecting section; 21-5. Fastening buckle; 22. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0054] refer to Figure 1 , 2 ,as well as Figure 5-15 and Figure 17 , 18 This embodiment describes a transplanter that prevents seedlings from tilting.

[0055] The system includes a power system, a walking system, a pond-making device, and a transplanting device. The transplanting device includes a transmission box and a seedling conveying channel 1. The seedling conveying channel 1 is mounted on a frame 2 via a support frame, and a rotary conveyor belt 3 is installed on it. It is driven by a rotary motor installed on the side of the support frame to move intermittently at a fixed frequency. A movable baffle 4 is installed below the starting end of the seedling conveying channel 1. The bottom of the movable baffle 4 is a 3 / 4 ring, an arc-shaped push plate 5 is installed on the vertical side, and a semi-circular pressure plate 6 is installed on the top. The distance between the pressure plate 6 and the bottom is adjustable. One end of the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is connected to the bottom of the support frame via a movable pivot pin, and the other end opposite the movable pivot pin is connected to an adjusting motor installed at the bottom of the support frame via a lever. Adjusting the motor drives the lever, which can drive the movable baffle 4 to rotate around the movable pivot pin, thereby closing or opening, supporting the seedlings placed on it or pushing them toward the rotary conveyor belt 3. The outlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1 is directly opposite the inlet of the seedling placer 7. After the seedlings are sent to the outlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1, they enter the seedling placer 7 through the guide tube.

[0056] A seedling substrate or soil shaping device is installed below the movable baffle 4 at the beginning of the seedling transport channel 1. This device is mainly used to remove the compacted layer at the bottom of the substrate or soil carried by the seedling roots, and to trim and level the bottom, making it into a shape with a concave center and gradually flattened edges. This improves the bottom of the seedling substrate or soil's capacity to accommodate the uneven surface of the transplanting pond and corrects the center line of gravity of the substrate or soil. Its structure is as follows: Below the bottom of the movable baffle 4, there is an independently powered micro motor and a lifting cylinder. The motor output shaft is installed vertically upwards, and a shaping head is installed on its top. The shaping head consists of three parts: a bottom trimming plate 8 and a side trimming plate 9 fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and a positioning shaft 10 connected to the lifting cylinder. The positioning shaft 10 is fitted into the hollow structure on which the bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 are installed. In cylinder 11, the two rotate relative to each other. The top of positioning shaft 10 is inserted into seedling substrate or soil to achieve positioning, while bottom trimming plate 8 and side trimming plate 9, which are fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, rotate with the motor. The top of positioning shaft 10 is provided with three or more pointed tops, which are inserted into the center of the circular end face of the bottom of substrate or soil. Bottom trimming plate 8 is fixed to the side of hollow cylinder 11 below the top of positioning shaft 10. The inner end face of bottom trimming plate 8 is fixed on hollow cylinder 11 and extends outward. Its top gradually narrows and its bottom is set horizontally. The overall shape is a right triangle, and its hypotenuse is provided with a cutting edge. Vertical side trimming plate 9 is installed on the bottom side of bottom trimming plate 8. The vertical angle of side trimming plate 9 is adjustable, and its distance from positioning shaft 10 can be adjusted and fixed along the slot to adapt to seedling substrate or soil of different shapes and bottom diameters.

[0057] The transplanting device includes a seedling holder 7, which is connected to and driven by a transmission box via a connecting rod and a transmission chain. The seedling holder 7 includes a left duckbill seat 12 and a right duckbill seat 13, which are semi-circular arc-shaped and have a notch at the top. Both have connecting holes on the protruding parts on both sides of their middle section. Two connecting shafts 14 pass through the connecting holes on both sides respectively. The protruding parts overlap each other, connecting the concave sides of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 together to form an arc-shaped feeding channel.

[0058] Additionally, an "L"-shaped bracket 15 is fitted onto the outer side of each of the two connecting shafts 14. The brackets 15 face the same direction, and a crossbar 16 connects the two brackets 15 into one unit, located on the side of the left duckbill seat 12 or the right duckbill seat 13. A through hole is provided in the middle of the crossbar 16, into which a bushing 17 is installed. An elastic support rod 18 is connected to one end of the bushing 17, and the other end of the elastic support rod 18 is connected to the left duckbill seat 12. The elastic support rod 18 has an internal opening, and a traction wire 19 passes through the bushing 17 and through the elastic support rod 18. The hole in the strut 18 and the side wall of the left duckbill seat 12 extend along the arcuate side walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, and are fixed to the outside after penetrating the side wall of the right duckbill seat 13; the traction line 19 is a single line that extends along the arcuate side wall of either the left duckbill seat 12 or the right duckbill seat 13, and is fixed to the outside after penetrating the side wall of the right duckbill seat 13; preferably, a number of fastening buckles 22 are provided at intervals along the installation path of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 along the traction line 19, so as to attach the traction line 19 to the side wall of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13.

[0059] On the outer walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 below the bracket 15, opposite mounting seats are respectively set with the contact line between the two as the midpoint. An elastic reset connector 20 is set on the mounting seat. The elastic reset connector 20 is a spring that pulls the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 together.

[0060] Below the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, three-section semi-conical opening and closing pieces 21 are fixedly connected. Each opening and closing piece 21, from top to bottom, includes a vertical cylinder 21-1, a first arc 21-2 and a second arc 21-3 with the same curvature but different radii, a first connecting segment 21-4 connecting the vertical cylinder 21-1 and the first arc 21-2, and a second connecting segment 21-4 connecting the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3. 1-5 together form a three-segment arc transition structure; the first connecting segment 21-4 between the vertical cylinder 21-1 and the first arc 21-2 faces inward and has a diameter R=11.5cm; the first arc 21-2 faces outward and has a diameter R=112cm; the second connecting segment 16 between the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3 faces inward and has a diameter R=8cm; the second arc 21-3 faces outward and has a diameter R=140cm.

[0061] A method for preventing seedlings from tilting when using the above-mentioned seedling transplanter is characterized by including the steps of transporting the seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at their bottom, as well as the step of placing the seedlings in the seedling holder 7.

[0062] I. Transporting seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at their base

[0063] ① The seedlings are first placed in the storage tray above the seedling conveying channel 1. The operator manually places them at the beginning of the seedling conveying channel 1. At this time, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is at the beginning of the seedling conveying channel 1 to support the seedlings. After the seedlings are placed on it, they are accommodated between the bottom and top of the movable baffle 4.

[0064] ②The positioning shaft 10 in the seedling substrate or soil shaping device rises upward. Under the clamping of the bottom and top of the movable baffle 4, the tip of the positioning shaft 10 penetrates into the center or near the center of the seedling substrate or soil, thereby positioning the seedling substrate or soil.

[0065] ③ The adjustment motor on the movable baffle 4 is activated, which drives the lever to rotate the bottom of the movable baffle 4 by a certain angle. The bottom of the movable baffle 4 exposes the bottom of the seedling. The bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 in the shaping device are driven by their motors to trim the substrate or soil at the bottom of the seedling, remove or partially remove the hardened layer at the bottom, and shape it into a structure with an upward concave conical space. This space can accommodate the small soil clods that protrude from the bottom of the pond after the seedling falls, preventing tilting caused by uneven ground. At the same time, the shaping process can adjust the overall center of gravity of the seedling and improve its stability.

[0066] ④ After the seedlings have completed bottom shaping at the beginning of the seedling conveying channel 1, the motor is adjusted to operate again, driving the vertically set arc-shaped push plate 5 on the side of the movable baffle 4 to rotate towards the rotary conveyor belt 3, pushing the shaped seedlings onto the rotary conveyor belt 3, which then transports the seedlings to the seedling placement device 7.

[0067] Placement of seedlings in seedling container 7

[0068] ① The seedlings are sent by the rotary conveyor belt 3 to the seedling placement device 7 above the seedling conveying channel 1. Before the seedlings arrive, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 set below the outlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1 is closed. After the seedlings are sent to it and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 rotates and opens, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device 7 through the guide cylinder.

[0069] ②The seedlings enter the beak of the seedling holder 7. The three-section arc transition structure of the inner wall of the two sides of the beak opening and closing piece 21 forms a surface support and holds the seedlings in turn. The first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3 form two force support parts to keep the seedlings upright.

[0070] ③ The duckbill is inserted into the soil, and the traction line 19 is pulled. The two opening and closing pieces 21 open outwards respectively. The seedling is kept vertical and falls into the pond. The conical space and edge structure of the bottom of the seedling are in contact with the bottom of the pond. Then the test piece is lifted while it is still open. The surrounding soil returns to its original position and the substrate or soil part of the seedling is buried. The transplanting work is completed. Example 2

[0071] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3-11 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, The transplanter for preventing seedling tilting described in this embodiment has a structure that is basically the same as that described in Embodiment 1, the difference being:

[0072] ①A movable baffle 4 and a corresponding drive and transmission mechanism are provided below the outlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1, which is symmetrical to the inlet end of the seedling conveying channel 1. The bottom of the movable baffle 4 is kept closed before the seedling is delivered. After the seedling is delivered to it and stops, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is rotated open, and the seedling enters the seedling placer 7 through the guide tube.

[0073] ②The traction line 19 consists of two lines, which extend along the two arc-shaped sidewalls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 respectively, and are fixed to the outside of the right duckbill seat 13 after penetrating its sidewall.

[0074] In addition, the transplanting method for preventing seedlings from tilting described in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned transplanting machine, and its steps are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A transplanter that prevents seedlings from tilting, characterized in that: It includes a power system, a walking system, a pond-making device, and a transplanting device; the transplanting device includes a transmission box and a seedling conveying channel (1); the seedling conveying channel (1) is installed on the frame (2) through a support frame, and a rotary conveyor belt (3) is set on it, which is driven by a rotary motor installed on the side of the support frame to perform intermittent movement at a fixed frequency; A movable baffle (4) is set below the starting end of the seedling conveying channel (1). The bottom of the movable baffle (4) is a 3 / 4 ring, an arc-shaped push plate (5) is set on the vertical side, and a semi-circular pressure plate (6) is set on the top. The distance between the pressure plate (6) and the bottom is adjustable. One end of the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is connected to the bottom of the support frame through a movable pivot pin, and the other end opposite to the movable pivot pin is connected to the adjustment motor set at the bottom of the support frame through a lever. The adjustment motor drives the lever to drive the movable baffle (4) to rotate around the movable pivot pin, thereby closing or opening, supporting the seedlings placed above or pushing them towards the rotary conveyor belt (3). The outlet end of the seedling conveying channel (1) is directly opposite the inlet of the seedling placer (7). After the seedlings are sent to the outlet end of the seedling conveying channel (1), they enter the seedling placer (7) through the guide tube. A seedling substrate or soil shaping device is set below the movable baffle (4) at the beginning of the seedling transport channel (1). The shaping device is used to remove the hardened layer at the bottom of the substrate or soil carried by the seedling roots and to repair and level the bottom of the seedling. Its structure is as follows: Below the bottom of the movable baffle (4), there is a micro motor and a lifting cylinder with independent power supply. The motor output shaft is installed vertically upward, and a shaping head is set on its top. The shaping head includes three parts: a bottom trimming plate (8) and a side trimming plate (9) fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and a positioning shaft (10) connected to the lifting cylinder. The positioning shaft (10) is fitted in a hollow cylinder (11) with the bottom trimming plate (8) and the side trimming plate (9) installed. The two rotate relative to each other. The top of the positioning shaft (10) is inserted into the seedling substrate or soil to achieve positioning. The bottom trimming plate (8) and the side trimming plate (9) fixedly connected to the motor output shaft rotate with the motor. The top of the positioning shaft (10) is provided with three or more pointed tops, which are inserted into the center of the circular end face of the substrate or soil bottom; a bottom trimming plate (8) is fixed on the side of the hollow cylinder (11) below the top of the positioning shaft (10), the inner end face of the bottom trimming plate (8) is fixed on the hollow cylinder (11) and extends outward, its top gradually narrows, and its bottom is set horizontally, the overall shape is a right triangle, and a cutting edge is provided on its hypotenuse; a vertical side trimming plate (9) is installed on the bottom side of the bottom trimming plate (8), the vertical angle of the side trimming plate (9) is adjustable, and its distance from the positioning shaft (10) can be adjusted and fixed along the slot; The transplanting device includes a seedling placer (7), which is connected to and driven by a transmission box via a connecting rod and a transmission chain; The seedling device (7) includes a left duckbill seat (12) and a right duckbill seat (13) with a semi-circular arc shape and a notch at the top. Both have connecting holes on the protruding parts on both sides of their middle part. Two connecting shafts (14) pass through the connecting holes on both sides respectively. The protruding parts overlap each other, and the concave sides of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13) are connected together to form an arc-shaped feeding channel. In addition, an "L"-shaped bracket (15) is fitted on the outside of both connecting shafts (14). The brackets (15) face the same direction. A crossbar (16) is set to connect the two brackets (15) into one piece and is located on the side of the left duckbill seat (12) or the right duckbill seat (13). A through hole is set in the middle of the crossbar (16) and a bushing (17) is installed inside it. An elastic support rod (18) is connected to the end of the bushing (17). The other end of the elastic support rod (18) is connected to the left duckbill seat (12). The elastic support rod (18) has an opening inside and a traction line (19) is set to pass through the bushing (17), through the hole in the elastic support rod (18) and the side wall of the left duckbill seat (12), and extend along the arc-shaped side wall of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13). After penetrating the side wall of the right duckbill seat (13), it is fixed on its outside. On the outer walls of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13) below the bracket (15), opposite mounting seats are set with the contact line of the two as the midpoint. An elastic reset connector (20) is set on the mounting seat to pull the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13) together. Below the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13), a three-section semi-conical opening and closing piece (21) is fixedly connected. The opening and closing piece (21) includes, from top to bottom, a vertical cylinder (21-1), a first arc (21-2) and a second arc (21-3) with the same curvature and different curvature radii, a first connecting segment (21-4) connecting the vertical cylinder (21-1) and the first arc (21-2), and a second connecting segment (21-5) connecting the first arc (21-2) and the second arc (21-3), which together form a three-section arc transition structure.

2. The transplanter for preventing seedling tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the outlet end of the seedling conveying channel (1), a movable baffle (4) and a corresponding drive and transmission mechanism are provided, which are symmetrical to the inlet end of the seedling conveying channel (1). The bottom of the movable baffle (4) is kept closed before the seedling is delivered. After the seedling is delivered to it and stops, the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is rotated open, and the seedling enters the seedling placer (7) through the guide tube.

3. The transplanter for preventing seedling tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction line (19) is a single line that extends along the arc-shaped sidewall of either the left duckbill seat (12) or the right duckbill seat (13), and is fixed to the outside of the right duckbill seat (13) after penetrating its sidewall.

4. A transplanter for preventing seedling tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction lines (19) are two, extending along the two arc-shaped sidewalls of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13) respectively, and are fixed to the outside of the right duckbill seat (13) after penetrating its sidewall.

5. A transplanter for preventing seedling tilting according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Along the traction line (19), several fastening buckles (22) are set at intervals on the installation path of the left duckbill seat (12) or / and the right duckbill seat (13) to attach the traction line (19) to the side wall of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13).

6. A transplanter for preventing seedling tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic reset connector (20) is a spring.

7. A transplanter for preventing seedling tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting segment (21-4) between the vertical cylinder (21-1) and the first arc (21-2) faces inward and has a diameter R=11.5cm; the first arc (21-2) faces outward and has a diameter R=112cm; the second connecting segment 16 between the first arc (21-2) and the second arc (21-3) faces inward and has a diameter R=8cm; the second arc (21-3) faces outward and has a diameter R=140cm.

8. A method for preventing seedling tilting during transplanting using a seedling tilt-prevention transplanter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, This includes the steps of transporting the seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at their bottom, as well as the steps of placing the seedlings in the seedling holder (7); I. Transporting seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at their base ①The seedlings are first placed in the storage tray above the seedling conveying channel (1), and the operator manually places them at the beginning of the seedling conveying channel (1); at this time, the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is at the beginning of the seedling conveying channel (1) to support the seedlings. After the seedlings are placed on it, they are accommodated between the bottom and top of the movable baffle (4). ②The positioning shaft (10) in the seedling substrate or soil shaping device rises upward. Under the clamping of the bottom and top of the movable baffle (4), the tip of the positioning shaft (10) penetrates into the center or near the center of the seedling substrate or soil, and plays a positioning role for the seedling substrate or soil. ③ The adjustment motor on the movable baffle (4) moves, driving the lever to rotate the bottom of the movable baffle (4) by a certain angle. The bottom of the movable baffle (4) exposes the bottom of the seedling. The bottom trimming plate (8) and the side trimming plate (9) in the shaping device trim the substrate or soil at the bottom of the seedling under the drive of its motor, removing or partially removing the hardened layer at the bottom, and shaping it into a structure with an upward concave conical space. This space can accommodate the small soil clods that protrude from the bottom of the pond after the seedling falls, preventing the tilt caused by uneven ground. At the same time, the shaping process can adjust the overall center of gravity of the seedling and improve its stability. ④ After the seedlings have completed bottom shaping at the starting end of the seedling conveying channel (1), the motor is adjusted to operate again, driving the arc-shaped push plate (5) vertically set on the side of the movable baffle (4) to rotate towards the rotary conveyor belt (3), pushing the shaped seedlings onto the rotary conveyor belt (3), which then transports the seedlings to the seedling placement device (7). Placement of seedlings in seedling container (7) ①The seedlings are sent to the seedling placement device (7) above the seedling channel (1) by the rotary conveyor belt (3). Before the seedlings arrive, the bottom of the movable baffle (4) set below the outlet end of the seedling channel (1) is closed. After the seedlings are sent to it and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is rotated open, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device (7) through the guide tube. ②The seedlings enter the beak of the seedling holder (7). The three-section arc transition structure of the inner wall of the two sides of the beak opening and closing piece (21) forms a surface support and holds the seedlings. In addition, two force support parts are formed in the first arc (21-2) and the second arc (21-3) to keep the seedlings upright. ③ The duckbill is inserted into the soil and the traction line (19) is pulled. The two opening and closing pieces (21) open outwards respectively. The seedling is kept vertical and falls into the pond. The conical space and edge structure of the bottom of the seedling are in contact with the bottom of the pond. Then the test piece is lifted while it is open. The surrounding soil returns to its original position and the substrate or soil part of the seedling is buried. The transplanting work is completed.

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