Corn ear shunting device and corn harvester thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of corn harvesters, and discloses a corn ear shunting device, which comprises a blanking inclined plate on which a shunting assembly is arranged, and is characterized in that the shunting assembly comprises a distribution deflector rod and a swing driving mechanism, the distribution deflector rod is rotationally connected to the blanking inclined plate, and the swing driving mechanism is arranged on the blanking inclined plate. And the swing driving mechanism drives the distribution deflector rod to swing left and right on the blanking inclined plate in a reciprocating manner. The invention further discloses a corn harvester comprising the corn ear shunting device. The device has the advantages of reducing the production cost, improving the efficiency, preventing blockage and preventing corn ears from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of corn harvesters, and in particular to a corn cob diverting device and a corn harvester thereof. Background Art

[0002] Corn harvester is an agricultural machine that mechanically completes multiple operations such as picking ears, peeling, stacking, and returning the stems to the field at one time when the corn is ripe. It is generally composed of chassis, cutting platform, bridge, elevator, peeling machine (including pressure feeder), field return machine, granary, platform cab, transmission mechanism, etc. When the corn ears are fed between the peeling roller group and the pressure feeder, the corn ears are tightly attached to the peeling roller under the action of the pressure feeder, and slide forward along the surface of the peeling roller under the action of gravity and the continuous advancement of the peeling roller and the pressure feeder. The corn ears rotate along their own axis. The ear bracts are broken during the rotation and sliding process, and the bracts are peeled off when the friction between the peeling roller and the bracts is greater than the connection force between the bracts and the ear stalk.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN210987077U discloses a modified peeling mechanism for improving the peeling rate of corn ears, comprising a pressure feeder and a peeler, the pressure feeder and the peeler are arranged relatively to each other up and down, the pressure feeder adopts a star wheel pressure feeder structure, and the peeler adopts a combination structure of floating peeling rollers and fixed peeling rollers arranged at intervals, the floating peeling roller is in a high position, and the fixed peeling roller is in a low position, forming a high-low arrangement peeling roller group.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN204350646U discloses a corn harvester, including an elevator and a peeling machine, a diverter device for diverting corn ears is provided between the discharge end of the elevator and the feed end of the peeling machine, the diverter device includes a slide plate and a diverter body provided on the slide plate, the length direction of the slide plate extends obliquely upward from the feed end of the peeling machine toward a direction gradually away from the discharge end of the elevator, the end of the slide plate away from the discharge end of the elevator is the front end, the width direction of the slide plate extends in the left-right direction, and the diverter body is a structure that is high in the middle and low on the left and right sides.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN204350646U has the following disadvantages: the elevator device pours the corn ears into the corn harvester in a concentrated manner, and the corn ears are peeled by the pressure conveyor and the peeling roller. The corn ears are not peeled cleanly and are easily squeezed and damaged by the pressure conveyor and the peeling roller. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem that corn ears are not cleanly peeled and are easily damaged, the present invention provides a corn ear diversion device, including a blanking inclined plate, on which a diversion component is provided. The feature is that the diversion component includes a distribution lever and a swing drive mechanism, the distribution lever is rotatably connected to the blanking inclined plate, and the swing drive mechanism drives the distribution lever to swing back and forth left and right on the blanking inclined plate.

[0007] Preferably, the swing drive mechanism includes a drive box, a first eccentric structure, a first guide wheel, a connecting rod, a second guide wheel and a second eccentric structure. The drive box drives the first eccentric structure to rotate. The first eccentric structure is rotatably connected to the first guide wheel on the disk body. The first guide wheel is connected to the second guide wheel through a connecting rod. The second guide wheel is rotatably connected to the disk body of the second eccentric structure. The center hole of the second eccentric structure is connected to one end of the distribution rod through a distributor shaft.

[0008] In order to ensure uniform distribution of corn, the distribution lever is rotatably connected to the upper middle part of the drop plate.

[0009] In order to facilitate the left-right swing of the distribution lever, the first eccentric structure and the second eccentric structure are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner.

[0010] Preferably, the center hole of the first eccentric structure is connected to the power output shaft of the drive box, and the first guide wheel is connected to the eccentric hole of the first eccentric structure through the first guide wheel rotating shaft; the center hole of the second eccentric structure is connected to the distributor rotating shaft, and the second guide wheel is connected to the eccentric hole of the second eccentric structure through the second guide wheel rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting rod is arranged parallel to the blanking inclined plate.

[0012] In order to further improve the uniformity of corn distribution, a guide rib is provided at the lower part of the falling inclined plate. The guide rib is curved and inclined downward to the left and right. The guide rib is located obliquely below the distribution lever.

[0013] In order to prevent the swing drive mechanism from hindering the corn from falling, the swing drive mechanism is hidden under the falling inclined plate.

[0014] In order to further avoid corn damage, a flexible material is sleeved on the distribution lever.

[0015] A corn harvester, wherein the corn ear diverter is installed at a feed inlet above a pressure feeder and a peeling roller.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the prior art, after the corn ears are discharged in a concentrated manner, they will accumulate in the middle of the feed port of the pressure feeder and the peeling roller. Although the Chinese patent document CN204350646U has a diverter to divert the corn ears, a simple inclined plate can only assist a small amount of corn ears to be discharged to both sides, and a large number of corn ears will still accumulate in the middle. The corn ears are squeezed against each other at the feed port, and the rotation of the pressure feeder and the peeling roller will damage the corn ears. The present invention evenly distributes the corn ears at the feed port of the pressure feeder and the peeling roller by moving the corn ears left and right, so that the corn ears will not be squeezed against each other at the same place, and the pressure in the middle is relieved. The corn ears can enter between the pressure feeder and the peeling roller in turn for peeling, thereby reducing the mechanical damage and mutual squeezing damage of the corn ears caused by accumulation and congestion; at the same time, it is avoided that the corn ears squeeze against each other to enter between the pressure feeder and the peeling roller, thereby improving the husk stripping rate.

[0017] 2. The present invention avoids a large number of corn ears from being blocked at the feed port, ensuring that each corn ear can enter the subsequent processing part at the same speed, reducing downtime caused by blockage, reducing maintenance costs, improving the harvesting efficiency of corn ears, and optimizing the peeling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a corn ear diverting device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A front view of Figure 3 for Figure 1 Left view of Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the shunt component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Those skilled in the art know that corn cob: in botany, it specifically refers to the fruit developed from the ovary of the corn plant after pollination and fertilization of the pistil.

[0020] Bract stripping rate: In the test area, pick out the ears with more than or equal to 3 bracts (more than 2 / 3 of the leaves are counted as 1 leaf) from the grain collection box, and calculate the rate according to the formula B={(GG j ) / G}×100%. B——husk stripping rate; G j ——The number of fruit ears without peeling off the bracts, in pieces; G——The total number of fruit ears received, in pieces.

[0021] Grain breakage rate: In the measurement area, collect the grains in the grain collection box and the grain recovery device, pick out the grains with damage and incompleteness of more than 1 / 5 of the grain volume, including the broken grains on the ears (converted according to the weight of 100 grains), weigh their mass, and calculate according to the formula (Z z =W zm / W sb ) × 100% to calculate the grain breakage rate. z ——Grain impurity rate; W zm ——impurity mass, in grams (g); W sb ——Mass of mixed grains, in grams (g).

[0022] 1. The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: blanking inclined plate 1, diverter assembly 2, distribution lever 3, swing drive mechanism 4, drive box 5, first eccentric structure 6, first guide wheel 7, connecting rod 8, second guide wheel 9, second eccentric structure 10, distributor shaft 11, power output shaft 12, first guide wheel shaft 13, second guide wheel shaft 14, guide rib 15.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1-4 As shown, a corn cob diversion device includes a blanking inclined plate 1 and a diversion component 2, wherein the diversion component 2 is located on the blanking inclined plate 1, and the diversion component 2 includes a distribution lever 3 and a swing drive mechanism 4, wherein the distribution lever 3 is rotatably connected to the blanking inclined plate 1, and the swing drive mechanism 4 drives the distribution lever 3 to swing back and forth on the blanking inclined plate 1.

[0024] The swing drive mechanism 4 includes a drive box 5, a first eccentric structure 6, a first guide wheel 7, a connecting rod 8, a second guide wheel 9 and a second eccentric structure 10. The drive box 5 drives the first eccentric structure 6 to rotate. The first eccentric structure 6 is rotatably connected to the first guide wheel 7 on the disk body. The first guide wheel 7 is connected to the second guide wheel 9 through the connecting rod 8. The second guide wheel 9 is rotatably connected to the disk body of the second eccentric structure 10. The center hole of the second eccentric structure 10 is connected to the upper end of the distribution lever 3 through a distributor shaft 11. The drive box 5 drives the first eccentric structure 6 to make a circular motion. The first eccentric structure 6 drives the first guide wheel 7 and the connecting rod 8 to make a circular motion. The connecting rod 8 drives the second guide wheel 9 and the second eccentric structure 10 to make a swing motion. The distribution lever 3 makes a cyclic reciprocating swing within a certain angle. The first eccentric structure 6 rotates one circle, and the distribution lever 3 swings left and right once, so that the fallen corn ears are evenly pushed to the two ends of the feed port.

[0025] The first eccentric structure 6 specifically adopts an eccentric disk, and the second eccentric structure 10 adopts an eccentric swing arm. The eccentric swing arm saves space, and of course, an eccentric disk can also be adopted. The distribution lever and the eccentric swing arm swing synchronously left and right.

[0026] The greater the eccentricity of the first eccentric structure 6 and the smaller the eccentricity of the second eccentric structure 10 , the greater the swing amplitude of the distribution lever 3 ; otherwise, the smaller it is.

[0027] The distribution lever 3 is rotatably connected to the upper middle portion of the blanking inclined plate 1 via a bearing, and the distribution lever 3 rotates and swings around its upper end.

[0028] The center hole of the first eccentric structure 6 is connected to the power output shaft 12 of the driving box 5, and the first guide wheel 7 is connected to the eccentric hole of the first eccentric structure 6 through the first guide wheel rotating shaft 13; the center hole of the second eccentric structure 10 is connected to the distributor rotating shaft 11, and the second guide wheel 9 is connected to the eccentric hole of the second eccentric structure 10 through the second guide wheel rotating shaft 14; the first eccentric structure 6 and the second eccentric structure 10 are arranged in an upper and lower staggered manner, and the installation position of the first eccentric structure 6 on the blanking inclined plate 1 is lower than the installation position of the second eccentric structure 10 on the blanking inclined plate 1, one end of the connecting rod 8 is connected to the highest point of the first eccentric structure 6, and the other end of the connecting rod 8 is connected to the lowest point of the second eccentric structure 10, and the first eccentric structure 6 and the second eccentric structure 10 both rotate around the center hole.

[0029] The connecting rod 8 is arranged parallel to the blanking inclined plate 1 .

[0030] A guide rib 15 is provided at the lower part of the blanking inclined plate 1 . The guide rib 15 is curved and tilted downward to the left and right. The guide rib 15 is located obliquely below the distribution lever 3 .

[0031] The swing driving mechanism 4 is hidden under the blanking inclined plate 1 .

[0032] The distribution lever 3 is sleeved with a flexible material, such as rubber and elastic fabric, to protect the corn ears from being damaged by collision.

[0033] The corn ear diversion device described above is installed at the discharge port of the elevator of the corn harvester. Below the discharge port of the elevator is the feed port of the pressure feeder and the peeling roller. The pressure feeder and the peeling roller of the corn harvester are existing structures and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] 1000 jin of corn was poured into the harvester of Example 1 in batches for husking, and the grain breakage rate and the husk removal rate were counted.

[0035] Corn ears are considered damaged if the kernels fall off or are broken; corn ears are considered peeled completely if all the husks are completely peeled.

[0036] Comparative Example 1 1,000 kilograms of corn were poured into a harvester without a corn cob diversion device in batches for husking, and the kernel breakage rate and husk removal rate were counted. Kernel breakage rate Bract stripping rate Example 1 0.7% 95% Comparative Example 1 10% 80%

[0037] The corn harvester equipped with the corn ear diverter has a grain breakage rate of 0.7% and a husk stripping rate of 95%, which are significantly higher than the harvester without the corn ear diverter having a damage rate of 10% and a husk stripping rate of 80%. The present invention makes full use of the left and right positions of the feed port of the corn harvester, and doubles the production efficiency on the original basis.

[0038] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A corn ear diversion device, comprising a material-dropping inclined plate, on which a diversion component is provided, characterized in that: The diversion assembly includes a distribution lever and a swing drive mechanism. The distribution lever is rotatably connected to the blanking inclined plate, and the swing drive mechanism drives the distribution lever to swing back and forth on the blanking inclined plate.

2. The corn ear diversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing drive mechanism includes a drive box, a first eccentric structure, a first guide wheel, a connecting rod, a second guide wheel and a second eccentric structure. The drive box drives the first eccentric structure to rotate. The first eccentric structure is rotatably connected to the first guide wheel on the disk body. The first guide wheel is connected to the second guide wheel through a connecting rod. The second guide wheel is rotatably connected to the disk body of the second eccentric structure. The center hole of the second eccentric structure is connected to one end of the distribution lever through a distributor shaft.

3. The corn ear diversion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution lever is rotatably connected to the upper middle portion of the blanking inclined plate.

4. The corn ear diverter device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first eccentric structure and the second eccentric structure are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner.

5. The corn ear diverter device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center hole of the first eccentric structure is connected to the power output shaft of the drive box, and the first guide wheel is connected to the eccentric hole of the first eccentric structure through the first guide wheel rotating shaft; the center hole of the second eccentric structure is connected to the distributor rotating shaft, and the second guide wheel is connected to the eccentric hole of the second eccentric structure through the second guide wheel rotating shaft.

6. The corn ear diverter device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting rod is arranged parallel to the blanking inclined plate.

7. The corn ear diverter device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide rib is provided at the lower part of the blanking inclined plate. The guide rib is in a curved shape that is inclined leftward and rightward, and the guide rib is located obliquely below the distribution lever.

8. The corn ear diverter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The swing driving mechanism is hidden under the blanking inclined plate.

9. The corn ear diverter device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distribution lever is sleeved with a flexible material.

10. A corn harvester, characterized in that: The corn ear diverting device described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is installed at the feed inlet above the pressure feeder and the peeling roller.

Images