Absorption tower for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas

Abstract

The invention discloses an absorption tower for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas, relates to the technical field of flue gas purification, and solves the problems that moisture in soot can be condensed into water drops on the surface of a pipe network when passing through the pipe network with lower temperature, residual substances can be adsorbed on the pipe network after volatile substances in the water drops are quickly volatilized, and the residual substances cannot be adsorbed on the pipe network due to the porous structure of the pipe network. The smoke absorption tower comprises an absorption tower body, a butt joint pipe communicated with the absorption tower body is fixedly installed on the outer side of the absorption tower body, and a smoke pipe is installed on the side, away from the absorption tower body, of the butt joint pipe; by installing the air cooling mechanism and the air blower, low-temperature gas is fed into the smoke pipe to exchange heat with soot, the cooling effect on the soot is good, the soot can be effectively pre-cooled, and the soot flow in the absorption tower cannot be affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas purification, in particular to an absorption tower for capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas. Background Art

[0002] Carbon capture absorption tower is an important technical means to cope with climate change and reduce carbon emissions. The absorption tower uses the acidic properties of CO2 to react with alkaline substances to absorb it. Commonly used absorbents include hot potassium carbonate method, organic amine method and concentrated ammonia method. The final product of concentrated ammonia absorption is ammonium carbonate, which can be used as agricultural fertilizer or as a chemical raw material.

[0003] The existing Chinese public patent CN118874159A discloses a flue gas carbon dioxide capture absorption tower, which solves the problems of large resistance, high energy consumption and difficult adjustment of the absorption tower in the prior art, and by setting up a pipe network, the heat in the flue gas can be initially reduced. By setting up a toothed ring, a second gear and a motor, the pipe network can be rotated, so that the flue gas can fully contact the pipe network, thereby improving the cooling effect of the flue gas. The above-mentioned device achieves the purpose of initially reducing the heat in the flue gas by injecting circulating cold water into the pipe network. However, since hydrogen reacts with oxygen to generate water during the combustion of coal, the coal smoke will contain moisture. The moisture in the coal smoke will condense into water droplets on the surface of the pipe network when passing through the pipe network with a lower temperature. After the volatile substances in the water droplets evaporate quickly, the residual substances will be adsorbed on the pipe network. Due to the porous structure of the pipe network itself, it will not only affect the cooling effect of the pipe network on the coal smoke, but also cause the pipe network to be blocked by the residues after the volatilization of the water droplets when the coal smoke is initially cooled, affecting the flue gas flow in the absorption tower. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an absorption tower for capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The absorption tower for capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas comprises an absorption tower body, a docking tube interconnected with the absorption tower body is fixedly installed on the outer side of the absorption tower body, a smoke pipe is installed on the side of the docking tube away from the absorption tower body, and also comprises an air cooling mechanism for precooling the soot entering the absorption tower body, the air cooling mechanism is installed on the outer side of the smoke pipe; a water absorption component for reducing the moisture in the cold air generated by the air cooling mechanism, the water absorption component is installed inside the air cooling mechanism; a driving component for driving the water absorption component to move back and forth, the driving component is also installed inside the air cooling mechanism; an extrusion component for squeezing out the moisture in the water absorption component, the extrusion component is installed on the outer side of the water absorption component, the number of the extrusion components is two, and the extrusion components are symmetrically distributed.

[0006] The outer side of the smoke pipe is fixedly sleeved with a cover shell, and the interior of the cover shell is filled with thermal insulation cotton. The air cooling mechanism includes two annular tubes that are symmetrically distributed and fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the cover shell, and the inner side of the annular tubes is fixedly installed with a plurality of circumferentially equidistantly distributed thermal insulation cottons for preventing heat from the smoke pipe from being transferred to the annular tubes, and an air blowing pipe that is interconnected with the annular tubes and passes through the smoke pipe, and a conduit 1 is fixedly installed between the two annular tubes.

[0007] Preferably, the duct one is respectively interconnected with the two annular tubes, one end of the duct one away from the two annular tubes is fixedly connected to a blower, a motor is fixedly installed on the side of the blower away from the absorption tower body, a duct two interconnected with the blower is fixedly installed on the outside of the blower, the blower transports cold air to the inside of the smoke duct through the duct one, a water tank is installed between the blower and the absorption tower body, and one end of the duct two away from the blower is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the water tank, an air pump is fixedly installed on the upper end of the water tank, a duct three is fixedly installed between the air pump and the water tank, and the docking point between the duct three and the water tank is close to the lower end of the water tank.

[0008] Preferably, the water absorption component includes a perforated plate capable of moving inside the water tank, a positioning plate is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the perforated plate, water-absorbing cotton is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the positioning plate, the perforated plate is used to discharge water squeezed out of the water-absorbing cotton, a limit pin is movably embedded on one side of the perforated plate that is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank, and the connection between the limit pin and the water tank is a fixed connection, and the limit pin is slidably connected to the perforated plate through a straight groove.

[0009] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a multi-axis reduction gearbox installed between the blower and the water tank, and the rotating shaft of the blower impeller is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the multi-axis reduction gearbox, the multi-axis reduction gearbox is provided with two output shafts which are symmetrical in upper and lower directions, a turntable is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the multi-axis reduction gearbox on the lower side, the output shaft of the multi-axis reduction gearbox docking with the turntable is rotatably connected to the water tank through a sealed bearing, and a capped pin is fixedly embedded at the center of a side of the perforated plate away from the limit pin and at a side of the turntable away from the multi-axis reduction gearbox.

[0010] Preferably, the capped pins on the turntable are away from the center of the turntable, and connecting rods are movably sleeved on the outer sides of the two capped pins, and the capped pins are used to prevent the connecting rods from detaching from the perforated plate and the turntable. The extrusion assembly includes a triangular top block installed on the end of the perforated plate, and a pressure plate is installed on the side of the absorbent cotton away from the positioning plate, and the connection between the absorbent cotton and the pressure plate is a movable abutment.

[0011] Preferably, a push rod 1 is fixedly embedded in the center of the side of the pressure plate away from the absorbent cotton, and a ball 1 is movably embedded in the end of the push rod 1 away from the pressure plate, and two symmetrically distributed limit pins 2 are fixedly installed on the side of the pressure plate that is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank, and the limit pins 2 are slidably connected to the water tank through straight grooves 2, and the limit pins 2 are used to prevent the pressure plate from separating from the water tank, and a connecting plate is movably abutted on the side of the ball 1 away from the push rod 1, and a triangular top block 2 is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting plate close to the pressure plate, and the ball 1 is in rolling contact with the hypotenuse of the triangular top block 2, and a push rod 2 is fixedly embedded in the center of the lower end of the connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a second ball is movably embedded in the lower end of the second push rod, and the second ball is in rolling contact with the hypotenuse of the first triangular top block through the second ball, and the first triangular top block can drive the connecting plate to move up through the second ball, and a spring is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the connecting plate, and a positioning block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring, and the connection between the positioning block and the spring is a fixed connection, and a limit pin three is movably embedded in one side of the connecting plate that fits the inner wall of the water tank, and the connection between the limit pin three and the water tank is a fixed connection, and the limit pin three is slidably connected to the connecting plate through a straight groove three.

[0013] Preferably, a scraping assembly is installed between the butt joint tube and the smoke pipe, and the scraping assembly includes a sleeve movably sleeved on the butt joint tube and the outside of the smoke pipe, and the sleeve is rotatably connected to the butt joint tube and the smoke pipe respectively through two sealing bearings, a connecting ring is installed on the inner side of the sleeve, and the inner ring diameter of the connecting ring is equal to the inner ring diameter of the butt joint tube and the smoke pipe, and the butt joint tube is used to prevent ash from accumulating in the gap between the butt joint tube and the smoke pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting ring is located between the butt joint tube and the smoke pipe, the connecting ring is fixedly connected to the sleeve via a plurality of connecting columns equidistantly distributed around the circumference, two symmetrically distributed scrapers are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the connecting ring, and the scrapers are movably fitted to the inner walls of the butt joint tube and the smoke pipe respectively, the scrapers are used to scrape off soot dust attached to the inner walls of the butt joint tube and the smoke pipe, and the sleeve is assembled with a multi-axis reducer through a driving wheel and a transmission belt.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention installs an air cooling mechanism. Before the gas enters the blower in the air cooling mechanism, it will first exchange heat with the cold water in the water tank. The blower sends the gas with a lower temperature into the smoke pipe to exchange heat with the coal smoke, which has a better cooling effect on the coal smoke and can effectively pre-cool the coal smoke without affecting the coal smoke flow in the absorption tower.

[0016] 2. The present invention installs a water absorption component. Before the gas in the water tank enters the second conduit, it needs to pass through the water absorbent cotton. The water absorbent cotton can absorb a large amount of moisture in the gas, which can prevent the gas from containing a large amount of moisture and causing a large amount of water droplets to be generated inside the smoke pipe, thereby reducing the residues after the water droplets in the smoke pipe evaporate.

[0017] 3. The present invention installs a driving component and an extrusion component. The rotation of the turntable in the driving component can drive the two absorbent cottons to move back and forth through the connecting rod, so that the two absorbent cottons alternately absorb moisture in the gas. In the process of a certain absorbent cotton moving away from the second conduit, the pressure plate in the extrusion component cooperates with the positioning plate to squeeze out the moisture in the absorbent cotton, so that during the continuous working process, the absorbent cotton can always maintain a strong water absorption.

[0018] 4. The present invention installs a scraping assembly, in which two scrapers can rotate in contact with the inner walls of the smoke pipe and the butt pipe, and can scrape off the residues of the evaporated water droplets attached to the pipe wall after the moisture in the soot is cooled and condensed into water droplets on the pipe wall and evaporated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front side cross-sectional diagram of the smoke pipe, the butt pipe and the water tank of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a right side cross-sectional diagram of the butt joint pipe and the water tank of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional perspective schematic diagram of the scraping assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the annular tube and the conduit in the air cooling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the water absorption component inside the water tank and the two ports of the conduit of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the water absorption component, the driving component and the extrusion component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rear side disassembly of the water absorption component, the driving component and the extrusion component of the present invention after being connected.

[0020] In the figure: 1. absorption tower body; 2. butt joint; 3. smoke pipe; 4. cover; 5. annular pipe; 6. blowing pipe; 7. conduit 1; 8. blower; 9. motor; 10. conduit 2; 11. water tank; 12. air pump; 13. conduit 3; 14. perforated plate; 15. positioning plate; 16. absorbent cotton; 17. limit pin 1; 18. multi-axis reduction box; 19. turntable; 20. capped pin; 21. connecting rod; 22. triangular top block 1; 23. pressure plate; 24. top rod 1; 25. ball 1; 26. limit pin 2; 27. connecting plate; 28. triangular top block 2; 29. ​​top rod 2; 30. ball 2; 31. spring; 32. positioning block; 33. limit pin 3; 34. sleeve; 35. connecting ring; 36. connecting column; 37. scraper; 38. thermal insulation cotton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 The absorption tower for capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas shown in the figure includes an absorption tower body 1, a docking pipe 2 interconnected with the absorption tower body 1 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the absorption tower body 1, a smoke pipe 3 is installed on the side of the docking pipe 2 away from the absorption tower body 1, and also includes an air cooling mechanism for precooling the soot entering the absorption tower body 1, and the air cooling mechanism is installed on the outer side of the smoke pipe 3; a water absorption component for reducing the moisture in the cold air generated by the air cooling mechanism, and the water absorption component is installed inside the air cooling mechanism; a driving component for driving the water absorption component to move back and forth, and the driving component is also installed inside the air cooling mechanism; an extrusion component for squeezing out the moisture in the water absorption component, and the extrusion component is installed on the outer side of the water absorption component. The number of the extrusion components is two, and they are symmetrically distributed.

[0023] The outer side of the smoke pipe 3 is fixedly sleeved with a cover shell 4, and the interior of the cover shell 4 is filled with thermal insulation cotton 38. The air cooling mechanism includes two annular tubes 5 that are symmetrically distributed and fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the cover shell 4. The inner side of the annular tube 5 is fixedly installed with a plurality of circumferentially equidistantly distributed thermal insulation cotton 38, which is used to prevent the heat of the smoke pipe 3 from being transferred to the annular tube 5, and the blowing pipe 6 that is interconnected with the annular tube 5, and the blowing pipe 6 passes through the smoke pipe 3, and a guide tube 7 is fixedly installed between the two annular tubes 5.

[0024] Preferably, the duct one 7 is respectively interconnected with the two annular tubes 5, one end of the duct one 7 away from the two annular tubes 5 is fixedly connected to a blower 8, a motor 9 is fixedly installed on the side of the blower 8 away from the absorption tower body 1, a duct two 10 interconnected with the blower 8 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the blower 8, the blower 8 transports cold air to the inside of the smoke pipe 3 through the duct one 7, a water tank 11 is installed between the blower 8 and the absorption tower body 1, and one end of the duct two 10 away from the blower 8 is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the water tank 11, an air pump 12 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the water tank 11, a duct three 13 is fixedly installed between the air pump 12 and the water tank 11, and the docking point between the duct three 13 and the water tank 11 is close to the lower end of the water tank 11.

[0025] Working principle: the coal smoke enters the absorption tower body 1 through the smoke pipe 3 and the docking pipe 2. During this process, the air pump 12 runs to send the gas into the water tank 11 through the conduit three 13. Since the docking point between the conduit three 13 and the water tank 11 is close to the lower end of the water tank 11, the gas sent into the water tank 11 by the conduit three 13 will first exchange heat with the cold water in the water tank 11 (in order to keep the cold water in the water tank 11 at a low temperature at all times, a cold water circulation method can be adopted, which belongs to the prior art and will not be described here). The impeller in the blower 8 is driven by the motor 9 to rotate, and the gas in the water tank 11 that has exchanged heat with the cold water is sent into the smoke pipe 3 through the conduit one 7 and the annular pipe 5, so that the cold air exchanges heat with the coal smoke in the smoke pipe 3, which has a better cooling effect on the coal smoke and can effectively pre-cool the coal smoke without affecting the coal smoke flow in the absorption tower. Example 2: Please refer to Figure 6 The present embodiment further explains Example 1, the water absorption component includes a perforated plate 14 that can move inside the water tank 11, a positioning plate 15 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the perforated plate 14, and absorbent cotton 16 is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the positioning plate 15. The perforated plate 14 is used to discharge the moisture squeezed out by the absorbent cotton 16, and a limit pin 17 is movably embedded on one side of the perforated plate 14 that is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank 11, and the connection between the limit pin 17 and the water tank 11 is a fixed connection, and the limit pin 17 is slidably connected to the perforated plate 14 through a straight groove 1.

[0026] In this embodiment: before the gas in the water tank 11 enters the conduit 2 10, it needs to pass through the absorbent cotton 16. In the process of the gas passing through the absorbent cotton 16, the absorbent cotton 16 can absorb a large amount of moisture in the gas, preventing the gas from carrying a large amount of moisture into the interior of the smoke pipe 3, thereby preventing the gas from containing a large amount of moisture and causing a large amount of water droplets to be generated inside the smoke pipe 3, thereby reducing the residues after the water droplets in the smoke pipe 3 evaporate. Example 3: Please refer to Figure 6-Figure 8 This embodiment further explains Example 1. The driving assembly includes a multi-axis reduction box 18 installed between the blower 8 and the water tank 11, and the rotating shaft of the impeller of the blower 8 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the multi-axis reduction box 18. The multi-axis reduction box 18 is provided with two output shafts which are symmetrical in upper and lower directions. A turntable 19 is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the multi-axis reduction box 18 located on the lower side. The output shaft of the multi-axis reduction box 18 connected to the turntable 19 is rotatably connected to the water tank 11 through a sealed bearing. A capped pin 20 is fixedly embedded at the center of the side of the perforated plate 14 away from the limit pin 17 and at the side of the turntable 19 away from the multi-axis reduction box 18.

[0027] The capped pins 20 on the turntable 19 are away from the center of the turntable 19, and the outer sides of the two capped pins 20 are movably sleeved with connecting rods 21. The capped pins 20 are used to prevent the connecting rods 21 from detaching from the perforated plate 14 and the turntable 19. The extrusion assembly includes a triangular top block 22 installed at the end of the perforated plate 14, and a pressure plate 23 is installed on the side of the absorbent cotton 16 away from the positioning plate 15, and the connection between the absorbent cotton 16 and the pressure plate 23 is a movable abutment.

[0028] A push rod 24 is fixedly embedded at the center of the side of the pressure plate 23 away from the absorbent cotton 16, and a ball 25 is movably embedded at the end of the push rod 24 away from the pressure plate 23. Two symmetrically distributed limit pins 26 are fixedly installed on the side of the pressure plate 23 that is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank 11, and the limit pins 26 are slidably connected to the water tank 11 through straight grooves 2. The limit pins 26 are used to prevent the pressure plate 23 from separating from the water tank 11. A connecting plate 27 is movably abutted on the side of the ball 25 away from the push rod 24. A triangular top block 28 is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting plate 27 close to the pressure plate 23, and the ball 25 is in rolling contact with the hypotenuse of the triangular top block 28. A push rod 29 is fixedly embedded at the center of the lower end of the connecting plate 27.

[0029] A ball 2 30 is movably embedded in the lower end of the second push rod 29, and the ball 2 30 rolls in contact with the triangular top block 1 22 through the hypotenuse. The triangular top block 1 22 can drive the connecting plate 27 to move upward through the ball 2 30. A spring 31 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the connecting plate 27. A positioning block 32 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring 31, and the connection between the positioning block 32 and the spring 31 is a fixed connection. A limit pin 33 is movably embedded on one side of the connecting plate 27 that fits the inner wall of the water tank 11, and the connection between the limit pin 33 and the water tank 11 is a fixed connection. The limit pin 33 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 27 through a straight groove 3.

[0030] In this embodiment: during the process of precooling the soot in the smoke pipe 3 by the air cooling mechanism, the multi-axis reduction box 18 drives the turntable 19 to rotate. Under the action of the limit pin 17, the rotation of the turntable 19 can drive the perforated plate 14 and the two absorbent cottons 16 to reciprocate through the connecting rod 21. The two absorbent cottons 16 can alternately absorb moisture in the gas during the reciprocating movement. When one of the absorbent cottons 16 moves away from the catheter 2 10, the side of the absorbent cotton 16 away from the positioning plate 15 will press against the corresponding pressure plate 23. When the absorbent cotton 16 presses against the pressure plate 23 and continues to move, the perforated plate 14 will drive the ball 2 30 and the connecting plate 27 to move upward through the hypotenuse of the triangular top block 1 22. When the triangular top block 28 moves upward with the connecting plate 27, the triangular top block 28 will drive the ball 1 25 and the pressure plate 23 to move toward the absorbent cotton 16 through the hypotenuse. During this process, the pressure plate 23 and the positioning plate 15 will squeeze the absorbent cotton 16, which can squeeze out the moisture in the absorbent cotton 16, so that the absorbent cotton 16 can always maintain a strong water absorption during the continuous working process. Example 4: Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 This embodiment further explains Example 1. A scraping assembly is installed between the butt joint tube 2 and the smoke pipe 3. The scraping assembly includes a sleeve 34 movably sleeved on the outside of the butt joint tube 2 and the smoke pipe 3, and the sleeve 34 is rotatably connected to the butt joint tube 2 and the smoke pipe 3 respectively through two sealing bearings. A connecting ring 35 is installed on the inner side of the sleeve 34, and the inner ring diameter of the connecting ring 35 is equal to the inner ring diameter of the butt joint tube 2 and the smoke pipe 3. The butt joint tube 2 is used to prevent ash from accumulating in the gap between the butt joint tube 2 and the smoke pipe 3.

[0031] The connecting ring 35 is located between the butt joint tube 2 and the smoke pipe 3. The connecting ring 35 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 34 through a plurality of connecting columns 36 that are equidistantly distributed around the circumference. Two symmetrically distributed scrapers 37 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting ring 35. The scrapers 37 are movably fitted to the inner walls of the butt joint tube 2 and the smoke pipe 3 respectively. The scrapers 37 are used to scrape off the soot dust attached to the inner walls of the butt joint tube 2 and the smoke pipe 3. The sleeve 34 is assembled with the multi-axis reduction box 18 through a driving wheel and a transmission belt.

[0032] In the present embodiment: in the process of the multi-axis reduction box 18 driving the turntable 19 to rotate, the multi-axis reduction box 18 will drive the sleeve 34 to rotate through the driving wheel and the transmission belt. In the process of the sleeve 34 rotating, the two scrapers 37 will be driven to rotate respectively in contact with the inner walls of the docking tube 2 and the smoke tube 3, so that the moisture in the coal smoke can be cooled, condensed into water droplets on the tube wall and evaporated, and the residues after the volatilization of the water droplets attached to the tube wall can be scraped off.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide, comprising an absorption tower body (1), a butt joint pipe (2) in communication with the absorption tower body (1) being fixedly mounted on the outer side of the absorption tower body (1), a smoke pipe (3) being mounted on the side of the butt joint pipe (2) away from the absorption tower body (1), characterized in that: Also includes: An air cooling mechanism, used for precooling the soot entering the absorption tower body (1), the air cooling mechanism being installed on the outside of the smoke pipe (3); A water absorption component, used to reduce the moisture in the cold air generated by the air cooling mechanism, and the water absorption component is installed inside the air cooling mechanism; A driving assembly, used for driving the water absorption assembly to move back and forth, and the driving assembly is also installed inside the air cooling mechanism; The squeezing assembly is used to squeeze out the water in the water absorbing assembly. The squeezing assembly is installed on the outside of the water absorbing assembly. There are two groups of squeezing assemblies, which are symmetrically distributed.

2. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the smoke pipe (3) is fixedly sleeved with a cover shell (4), and the interior of the cover shell (4) is filled with thermal insulation cotton (38). The air cooling mechanism comprises two annular tubes (5) which are symmetrically distributed and fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the cover shell (4). A plurality of air blowing tubes (6) which are equidistantly distributed around the circumference and are interconnected with the annular tubes (5) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the annular tubes (5), and the air blowing tubes (6) pass through the smoke pipe (3). A guide tube (7) is fixedly installed between the two annular tubes (5).

3. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conduit 1 (7) is communicated with the two annular tubes (5) respectively; one end of the conduit 1 (7) away from the two annular tubes (5) is fixedly connected to a blower (8); a motor (9) is fixedly installed on the side of the blower (8) away from the absorption tower body (1); a conduit 2 (10) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the blower (8) and is communicated with the blower; a water tank (11) is installed between the blower (8) and the absorption tower body (1); one end of the conduit 2 (10) away from the blower (8) is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the water tank (11); an air pump (12) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the water tank (11); a conduit 3 (13) is fixedly installed between the air pump (12) and the water tank (11); and a docking point between the conduit 3 (13) and the water tank (11) is close to the lower end of the water tank (11).

4. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water absorption component comprises a perforated plate (14) that can move inside the water tank (11), a positioning plate (15) is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the perforated plate (14), and water-absorbing cotton (16) is fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the positioning plate (15), and a limit pin (17) is movably embedded on one side of the perforated plate (14) that is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank (11), and the connection between the limit pin (17) and the water tank (11) is a fixed connection, and the limit pin (17) is slidably connected to the perforated plate (14) through a straight groove (1).

5. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a multi-axis reduction gearbox (18) installed between the blower (8) and the water tank (11), and the rotating shaft of the impeller of the blower (8) is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the multi-axis reduction gearbox (18), the multi-axis reduction gearbox (18) is provided with two output shafts which are symmetrical in upper and lower directions, a rotating disk (19) is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft located at the lower side of the multi-axis reduction gearbox (18), and a capped pin (20) is fixedly embedded at the center of a side of the perforated plate (14) away from the limit pin 1 (17) and a side of the rotating disk (19) away from the multi-axis reduction gearbox (18).

6. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 5, characterized in that: The capped pins (20) on the rotating disk (19) are away from the center of the rotating disk (19), and connecting rods (21) are movably sleeved on the outer sides of the two capped pins (20). The extrusion assembly includes a triangular top block (22) installed at the end of the perforated plate (14), and a pressing plate (23) is installed on the side of the absorbent cotton (16) away from the positioning plate (15), and the connection between the absorbent cotton (16) and the pressing plate (23) is a movable abutment.

7. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 6, characterized in that: A push rod (24) is fixedly embedded at the center of a side of the pressure plate (23) away from the absorbent cotton (16); a ball (25) is movably embedded at one end of the push rod (24) away from the pressure plate (23); two symmetrically distributed limit pins (26) are fixedly installed on one side of the pressure plate (23) that is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank (11); and the limit pins (26) are slidably connected to the water tank (11) through straight grooves; a connecting plate (27) is movably abutted against the side of the ball (25) away from the push rod (24); a triangular push block (28) is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting plate (27) close to the pressure plate (23); and the ball (25) is in rolling contact with the hypotenuse of the triangular push block (28); and a push rod (29) is fixedly embedded at the center of the lower end of the connecting plate (27).

8. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second ball (30) is movably embedded in the lower end of the second push rod (29), and the second ball (30) rolls in contact with the first triangular push block (22) through the hypotenuse thereof; a spring (31) is fixedly mounted at the center of the upper end of the connecting plate (27); a positioning block (32) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring (31), and the positioning block (32) and the spring (31) are connected in a fixed manner; a third limit pin (33) is movably embedded in one side of the connecting plate (27) that is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank (11), and the third limit pin (33) is connected to the water tank (11) in a fixed manner; and the third limit pin (33) is slidably connected to the connecting plate (27) through a third straight groove.

9. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A scraping assembly is installed between the butt joint tube (2) and the smoke pipe (3), the scraping assembly comprising a sleeve (34) movably sleeved on the outside of the butt joint tube (2) and the smoke pipe (3), and the sleeve (34) is rotatably connected to the butt joint tube (2) and the smoke pipe (3) respectively via two sealing bearings, a connecting ring (35) is installed on the inner side of the sleeve (34), and the inner diameter of the connecting ring (35) is equal to the inner diameter of the butt joint tube (2) and the smoke pipe (3).

10. The absorption tower for capturing flue gas carbon dioxide according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connecting ring (35) is located between the butt joint tube (2) and the smoke pipe (3); the connecting ring (35) is fixedly connected to the sleeve (34) via a plurality of connecting columns (36) equidistantly distributed around the circumference; two symmetrically distributed scrapers (37) are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the connecting ring (35); the scrapers (37) are movably fitted to the inner walls of the butt joint tube (2) and the smoke pipe (3), respectively; and the sleeve (34) is assembled with a multi-axis reduction gearbox (18) via a driving wheel and a transmission belt.

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