Deacidification control method and device for garbage incinerator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas, and provides a deacidification control method and device for a garbage incinerator, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining combustion parameter data, purification parameter data and gas detection data, inputting a preset prediction model, and outputting future emission data; inputting the future emission data into a preset parameter model, outputting future control parameters, and calculating future concentration parameters and future injection quantity parameters of the lime slurry; analyzing a future concentration parameter linear interval and a future injection quantity parameter linear interval; inputting the future concentration parameter and the injection quantity parameter into a preset temperature control model, and outputting a future temperature parameter linear interval; all the intervals are input into the semi-dry method deacidification tower, so that the future temperature and the future production concentration can be controlled by automatically adjusting a valve port of the semi-dry method deacidification tower, and the problem that when components and loads of garbage change, control parameters are difficult to adjust in time, and consequently flue gas emission exceeds the standard or lime slurry is wasted is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas, and in particular to a deacidification control method and device for a garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] Waste incineration is a pyrolysis process that converts solid waste into three-phase substances of gas, liquid and solid. It is an effective way to reduce, harmlessly treat and recycle waste. However, some harmful pollutants such as flue gas, leachate and fly ash are also produced during the waste incineration process. Flue gas is the main source of pollution because it contains a large amount of acidic gas, heavy metals, organic matter and particulate matter. If it is not effectively treated, it will have a serious impact on the atmospheric environment and human health.

[0003] In order to control the acidic gases in the flue gas of garbage incineration, such as HCl, SO2, FH, etc., the commonly used methods are semi-dry method and dry method. Both methods are to spray alkaline substances such as lime or limestone to react with the acidic gases in the flue gas to generate soluble or insoluble salts, thereby achieving the purpose of deacidification. Compared with the dry method, the semi-dry method has the advantages of high reaction efficiency, simple equipment, and low operating cost. Therefore, it has been widely used in the treatment of flue gas from garbage incineration.

[0004] However, the control method of the semi-dry deacidification system is mainly to adjust the concentration, injection volume and temperature of the lime slurry through a cascade PID control loop (negative feedback control system) to ensure that the acid gas in the flue gas is within a reasonable range; but this control method has a certain hysteresis and instability, and can only be stably controlled when the composition and load of the garbage do not change much. When the composition and load of the garbage change greatly, there is poor control stability and it is difficult to adjust the control parameters in time, resulting in excessive flue gas emissions or waste of lime slurry. At the same time, the regulating valve generally has a nonlinear adjustment area, and it is generally difficult to obtain good adjustment characteristics in the nonlinear adjustment area, resulting in difficulty in controlling the concentration of acid gases. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of excessive flue gas emission or waste of lime slurry in the existing semi-dry deacidification system, and to provide a deacidification control method and device for a garbage incinerator.

[0006] The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for controlling deacidification of a waste incinerator comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Obtain the on-site data of the waste incinerator and input it into the prediction model to output the future emission data of the gas in the future preset time period;

[0009] S2, inputting the future emission data into a parameter model and outputting future control parameters;

[0010] S3, inputting the future control parameters into a calculation model, and outputting future concentration parameters and future injection amount parameters of the lime slurry;

[0011] S4, obtaining the acid gas content of the on-site data of the waste incinerator and inputting it into a linear regression model, and outputting a linear interval of a future concentration parameter and a linear interval of a future injection amount parameter;

[0012] S5, inputting the future concentration parameter and the future injection amount parameter into a temperature control model, and outputting a linear interval of future temperature parameters;

[0013] S6. Input the future concentration parameter linear interval, the future injection amount parameter linear interval and the future temperature parameter linear interval into the semi-dry deacidification tower, so that the semi-dry deacidification tower can adjust the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future concentration parameter linear interval and the future injection amount parameter linear interval, and adjust the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future temperature parameter linear interval.

[0014] In some embodiments, the following technical features are also included:

[0015] In step S1, the waste incinerator field data includes real-time combustion parameter data collected based on sensors installed at preset positions of the waste incinerator, purification parameter data obtained based on a purification system, and gas detection data obtained through an online gas analysis device installed in the exhaust duct; the purification parameter data includes desulfurization efficiency, denitrification efficiency, and injection amount of desulfurizer; the gas detection data includes at least any one of the following: sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, sulfur trioxide, and hydrogen fluoride;

[0016] Step S1 specifically also includes: inputting the combustion parameter data, the purification parameter data and the gas detection data into the prediction model to analyze and process the input data, and the prediction model predicts the future emission data of the gas in the future time period based on the long-short term memory time series analysis and regression analysis chain prediction algorithm.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S2, the parameter model calculates the future control parameter based on the input future emission data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0018] C(t) = a·E9t) + b;

[0019] Among them, C(t) is the future control parameter, E9t) is the future emission data, and a and b are the model parameters obtained from historical data analysis.

[0020] In some embodiments, in step S3, the calculation model calculates the future concentration parameter of the lime slurry according to the input future control parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Where D(t) is the future concentration parameter, C(t) is the future control parameter, e is the base of the natural logarithm, and c0 is the threshold of the control parameter;

[0023] The future injection amount parameter is calculated according to the future concentration parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0024] S(t) = k·D(t);

[0025] Among them, S(t) is the future injection quantity parameter, and k is the proportional coefficient.

[0026] In some embodiments, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] S41, obtaining the acid gas content of the gas detection data;

[0028] S42, inputting the acid gas content into a preset linear regression model to calculate the linear interval of the future concentration parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0029] D min =α·A(t)+β;

[0030] D max =γ·A(t)+δ;

[0031] Among them, D min is the lower limit of the future concentration parameter, A(t) is the acid gas content, D max is the upper limit of the future concentration parameter, α, γ, β, δ are the fitting coefficients of the historical concentration parameters;

[0032] The acid gas content is input into a preset linear regression model to calculate the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0033] S min =∈·A(t)+ζ;

[0034] S max =η·A(t)+θ;

[0035] Among them, S min is the lower limit of the future injection quantity parameter, S max is the upper limit of the future injection amount parameter, ∈, ζ, η, θ are the fitting coefficients of the historical injection amount;

[0036] S43, calibrating the future concentration parameter according to the future concentration parameter linear interval, and calibrating the future injection quantity parameter according to the future injection quantity parameter linear interval.

[0037] In some embodiments, step S5 specifically includes:

[0038] The verified future emission data and future concentration parameters are fused to obtain a fused data set, and the fused data set is input into a preset temperature control model. The temperature control model uses numerical simulation and optimization algorithms to calculate the fused data set to obtain the optimal temperature range for the reaction of lime slurry and acid gas, and the optimal temperature range is used as the linear range of future temperature parameters.

[0039] In some embodiments, step S6 specifically includes the following steps:

[0040] S61, the semi-dry deacidification tower obtains the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry based on the injection flow sensor, obtains the real-time concentration of the lime slurry based on the concentration sensor, and determines whether the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency are met according to the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry and the real-time concentration of the lime slurry;

[0041] If the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry does not meet the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency, the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower is adjusted to make the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry enter the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter;

[0042] If the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry is adjusted to the upper limit or lower limit of the linear range of the future injection amount parameter and still cannot meet the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency, the input amount of quicklime or slaked lime is increased or decreased so that the real-time concentration of the lime slurry enters the linear range of the future concentration parameter.

[0043] In some embodiments, step S6 further includes the following steps:

[0044] S62, the semi-dry deacidification tower obtains the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower based on the temperature sensor, compares the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower with the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, and determines whether the optimal temperature of the deacidification reaction is met;

[0045] If the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower is higher than the upper limit of the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower is automatically adjusted to increase the flow of cooling water and reduce the temperature of the flue gas, so that the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower enters the linear interval of the future temperature parameter;

[0046] If the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower is lower than the lower limit of the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, the flow rate of the cooling water of the semi-dry deacidification tower is automatically adjusted to reduce the cooling of the flue gas and increase the temperature of the flue gas, so that the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower enters the linear interval of the future temperature parameter.

[0047] In some embodiments, the linear range of the future concentration parameter is 10% to 15%, the linear range of the future injection amount parameter is 1.0 to 3.0 L / min, and the linear range of the future temperature parameter is 145° C. to 155° C.

[0048] The technical problem of the present invention is also solved by the following technical solutions:

[0049] A garbage incinerator device adopts the above-mentioned deacidification control method of a garbage incinerator, comprising:

[0050] An acquisition module, used to acquire combustion parameter data, purification parameter data and gas detection data of the waste incinerator, input the combustion parameter data, the purification parameter data and the gas detection data into a preset prediction model, and output future emission data of the gas within a preset time period in the future;

[0051] A calculation module, used for inputting the future emission data into a preset parameter model, outputting future control parameters, inputting the future control parameters into a preset calculation model, and the calculation model calculating future concentration parameters and future injection amount parameters of the lime slurry according to the future control parameters;

[0052] a calibration module, configured to obtain the acid gas content of the gas detection data, input the acid gas content into a preset linear regression model, output the linear interval of the future concentration parameter and the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter, calibrate the future concentration parameter according to the linear interval of the future concentration parameter, and calibrate the future injection amount parameter according to the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter;

[0053] An output module, used for inputting the verified future concentration parameter and the injection amount parameter into a preset temperature control model, and outputting a linear interval of future temperature parameters;

[0054] A control module is used to input the future concentration parameter linear interval, the future injection amount parameter linear interval and the future temperature parameter linear interval into the semi-dry deacidification tower, so that the semi-dry deacidification tower can adjust the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future concentration parameter linear interval and the future injection amount parameter linear interval, and adjust the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future temperature parameter linear interval.

[0055] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art include:

[0056] The deacidification control method and device of a garbage incinerator proposed in the present invention can accurately predict and adjust the key parameters in the garbage incineration process, and timely adjust the real-time temperature, real-time concentration and real-time injection amount by acquiring the on-site data of the garbage incinerator and processing it with a prediction model, a parameter model, a calculation model, a linear regression model, a temperature control model, and other technical features, thereby solving the technical problems of excessive flue gas emissions or waste of lime slurry in the existing semi-dry deacidification system, improving the accuracy of the semi-dry deacidification reaction and optimizing the ratio and injection amount of the lime slurry, thereby more effectively controlling flue gas emissions and protecting the environment.

[0057] Other beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a deacidification control method of a waste incinerator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a garbage incinerator device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3a It is a schematic diagram of the daily average consumption of lime slurry in the incineration line of the prior art;

[0061] Figure 3b Schematic diagram of the daily average consumption of lime slurry in the incineration line of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4a Schematic diagram of SO2 emission results of prior art;

[0063] Figure 4b It is a schematic diagram of the emission results of SO2 of the method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 5a Schematic diagram of HCL emission results in the prior art;

[0065] Figure 5b It is a schematic diagram of the emission results of HCL in the method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the investment rate of the flue gas pre-control system within one day according to the embodiment of the method of the present invention.

[0067] Description of reference numerals:

[0068] 10. Waste incinerator device; 11. Acquisition module; 12. Calculation module; 13. Verification module; 14. Output module; 15. Control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may also be decomposed, combined or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0071] It should also be understood that the terms used in this application specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the application. As used in this application specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0072] It should be further understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification and appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0073] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0074] In order to solve the problem that when the composition and load of garbage in the existing semi-dry deacidification system change greatly, the control stability is poor and the control parameters are difficult to adjust in time, which leads to excessive flue gas emissions or waste of lime slurry, the embodiment of the present invention provides a deacidification control method and device for a garbage incinerator, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0075] Step S1, obtaining the on-site data of the waste incinerator, which includes combustion parameter data, purification parameter data and gas detection data, inputting the combustion parameter data, purification parameter data and gas detection data into a preset prediction model, and outputting the future emission data of the gas within a preset time period in the future.

[0076] In this step, the combustion parameter data includes the operating temperature, pressure and other parameters of the waste incinerator, the purification parameter data involves the operating status of the purification system and the control parameters of each stage, and the gas detection data includes the concentration information of the gas components, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc. These data are sent to the preset prediction model, and the prediction model of the embodiment of the present invention is preferably a RNN deep neural network or a time series model; so that the prediction model can predict the emission level in the future period of time based on the existing operating status and historical data.

[0077] For example, a forecasting model can use time series analysis algorithms to predict gas emission trends over the next few hours based on historical emission data and current operating parameters.

[0078] Step S2: input the future emission data into a preset parameter model and output the future control parameters.

[0079] Step S3: input the future control parameters into a preset calculation model, and the calculation model calculates the future concentration parameters and future injection amount parameters of the lime slurry according to the future control parameters.

[0080] In steps S2 and S3, the system will calculate the optimal concentration and injection amount of lime slurry in the reaction tower based on the predicted gas emission data. The parameter model uses multiple linear regression to estimate the control parameters, while the calculation model uses dynamic system equations based on these control parameters to predict the ideal state of the lime slurry. The PID controller or fuzzy logic controller in control theory is used to enable the system to automatically adjust the injection valve of the lime slurry according to the future control parameters to maintain the optimal effect of the lime slurry.

[0081] For example, if the parametric model predicts that sulfur dioxide concentrations will rise within the next hour, the computational model will calculate to what extent the injection valves should be opened and to what proportion the lime slurry concentration should be adjusted to ensure that emissions continue to remain below safe standards.

[0082] Step S4, obtaining the acid gas content of the waste incinerator field data and inputting it into the linear regression model, outputting the linear interval of the future concentration parameter and the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter, specifically includes the following steps:

[0083] Step S41, obtaining acid gas content of gas detection data;

[0084] Step S42, inputting the acid gas content into a preset linear regression model, and outputting a linear interval of a future concentration parameter and a linear interval of a future injection amount parameter;

[0085] Step S43: calibrate the future concentration parameter according to the linear interval of the future concentration parameter, and calibrate the future injection quantity parameter according to the linear interval of the future injection quantity parameter.

[0086] In this step, the acid gas content data obtained by the system in real time is fed into a linear regression model, which is based on a data set from the same content value to the optimal lime slurry ratio. The output data includes the optimal range of future concentration parameters and injection volume. The calibration process adjusts the model by comparing the predicted values ​​with the actual values ​​to ensure its accuracy under changing process conditions.

[0087] For example, when the online gas analysis device detects that the concentration of hydrogen chloride exceeds the range of the preset linear model, the system will immediately adjust the injection amount and concentration of the lime slurry to ensure that the acid gas removal efficiency is not affected.

[0088] Step S5: input the verified future concentration parameter and injection amount parameter into a preset temperature control model, and output the linear interval of the future temperature parameter.

[0089] In this step, a temperature control model is used, which is a data-driven model such as random forest or gradient boosted regression tree. The model predicts a future temperature range based on the calibrated concentration and injection parameters so that the semi-dry deacidification tower operates in an ideal temperature range to maximize deacidification efficiency.

[0090] For example, if the model predicts that an increase in lime slurry concentration and injection volume will cause the reaction temperature to rise above the upper limit of the ideal range, the operation of the auxiliary cooling system will be adjusted in advance to prevent excessive temperatures from affecting the deacidification effect.

[0091] Step S6, input the future concentration parameter linear interval, the future injection amount parameter linear interval and the future temperature parameter linear interval into the semi-dry deacidification tower, so that the semi-dry deacidification tower can adjust the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future concentration parameter linear interval and the future injection amount parameter linear interval, and adjust the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future temperature parameter linear interval.

[0092] In this step, the control system will use the predicted temperature range, concentration range and injection volume range as input, and automatically adjust the actual operating parameters of the equipment through a series of feedback mechanisms, such as PID control loops. The system monitors real-time data such as the temperature of the deacidification tower, and compares it with the ideal range provided by the prediction model, and automatically adjusts the cooling water flow or fan speed to maintain the temperature in the optimal range; among which, the linear range of the future concentration parameter is 5% to 15%, the linear range of the future injection volume parameter is 1.0 to 3.0 L / min, and the linear range of the future temperature parameter is 140℃ to 155℃.

[0093] For example, if the current temperature is lower than the lower limit of the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, the system will gently increase the flue gas temperature by reducing the cooling water flow or adjusting the wind speed to ensure that the deacidification efficiency is not affected.

[0094] In this embodiment, by combining data processing technology and prediction models, key parameters in the waste incineration process can be accurately predicted and adjusted, thereby achieving more effective emission control and environmental protection. In the entire control process, by continuously acquiring field data and conducting real-time analysis, accurate predictions of future emission levels are ensured, and control parameters are adjusted in time to meet environmental protection requirements. The use of a linear regression model to obtain the linear interval of future injection volume and concentration parameters, combined with a preset temperature control model, further improves the accuracy of the reaction, optimizes the proportion and injection volume of the lime slurry, so as to achieve timely adjustment of the real-time temperature, real-time concentration and real-time injection volume, and improves the problem of poor control stability and difficulty in timely adjustment of control parameters when the composition and load of the garbage change significantly, resulting in excessive flue gas emissions or waste of lime slurry.

[0095] In some embodiments, in step S1, real-time combustion parameter data is collected based on sensors installed at preset positions of the waste incinerator; purification parameter data is obtained based on the purification system; wherein the purification parameter data include desulfurization efficiency, denitrification efficiency, and the injection amount of the desulfurizer; gas detection data is obtained based on an online gas analysis device installed in the exhaust duct; wherein the gas detection data includes at least any one of the following: sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, sulfur trioxide, and hydrogen fluoride; the combustion parameter data, purification parameter data, and gas detection data are input into a prediction model to analyze and process the input data, and the prediction model predicts future emission data of the gas in a future time period based on long and short-term memory time series analysis and regression analysis chain prediction algorithms.

[0096] By using multiple sensors and online analytical devices to capture real-time data, the deacidification control method uses time series data to build a predictive model. This model comprehensively considers the historical trends and current status of process parameters, and applies machine learning algorithms to perform time series analysis and regression analysis on these data to generate accurate future emission trend estimates. This estimate helps to foresee potential emission exceedance events in advance and take adjustment measures in advance to prevent the event.

[0097] For example, if the online analysis device monitors a gradual increase in SO2 concentration, the forecasting model will take into account the current operating conditions and match the trend with historical data to estimate the SO2 emission level in the next few hours.

[0098] In step S2, the parameter model calculates the future control parameters based on the input future emission data. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0099] C(t) = a·E(t) + b;

[0100] Among them, C(t) is the future control parameter, E(t) is the future emission data, and a and b are the model parameters obtained from historical data analysis.

[0101] In step S3, the calculation model calculates the future concentration parameter of the lime slurry according to the input future control parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] Where D(t) is the future concentration parameter, C(t) is the future control parameter, e is the base of the natural logarithm, and c0 is the threshold of the control parameter. The future injection amount parameter is calculated based on the future concentration parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0104] S(t) = k·D(t);

[0105] Among them, S(t) is the future injection quantity parameter, and k is the proportional coefficient.

[0106] By applying mathematical models and operations, such as using historical data to determine key factors a and b, and combining them with calculated future emission data E(t), control parameters C(t) suitable for future conditions are dynamically generated. Through the logistic regression formula D(t), the control parameters are converted into lime slurry concentration parameters that can be directly used for operation, and the injection volume S(t) that matches the concentration is further calculated. The application of this method ensures the accuracy of real-time adjustment strategies and operational flexibility to maximize deacidification efficiency.

[0107] For example, when the future emission data E(t) indicates that there will be higher emissions, the calculated future control parameter C(t) value will increase, and then a higher lime slurry concentration requirement will be obtained through the calculation of the future concentration parameter D(t), which will ultimately lead to a corresponding increase in the calculated future injection volume parameter S(t), ensuring that the deacidification efficiency can meet the required environmental protection standards.

[0108] Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41, obtaining gas detection data based on an online gas analysis device installed in the exhaust duct; wherein the gas detection data includes at least the concentration of any one of the following acidic gases: sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, sulfur trioxide, and hydrogen fluoride; the concentration of the acidic gas is used as the acidic gas content; S42, inputting the acidic gas content into a preset linear regression model to calculate the linear interval of the future concentration parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0109] D min =α·A(t)+β;

[0110] D max =γ·A(t)+δ;

[0111] Among them, D min is the lower limit of the future concentration parameter, A(t) is the acid gas content, D max is the upper limit of the future concentration parameter, and α, γ, β, δ are the fitting coefficients of the historical concentration parameters.

[0112] The acid gas content is input into the preset linear regression model to calculate the linear interval of the future injection amount parameters. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0113] S min =∈·A(t)+ζ;

[0114] S max =η·A(t)+θ;

[0115] Among them, S min is the lower limit of the future injection quantity parameter, S max is the upper limit of the future injection quantity parameter, ∈, ζ, η, θ are the fitting coefficients of the historical injection quantity.

[0116] By establishing a linear regression model and using the real-time monitored acid gas concentration as an input parameter, the linear range of concentration and injection volume that the lime slurry injection system should maintain is calculated. These linear ranges provide clear guidance for operators, allowing them to predict the range of concentration and injection volume that need to be maintained under future operating conditions, thereby ensuring the efficient desulfurization reaction.

[0117] For example, based on the real-time monitored SO2 concentration A(t), the model calculates that the concentration of lime slurry should be maintained at D min and D max The injection volume should be kept between S min and S max If in actual operation, the concentration and injection volume exceed these preset ranges, the system will automatically adjust to ensure that all parameters remain within the optimal working range.

[0118] In step S5, the verified future emission data and future concentration parameters are fused to obtain a fused data set, and the fused data set is input into a preset temperature control model. The temperature control model uses numerical simulation and optimization algorithms to calculate the fused data set to obtain the optimal temperature range for the reaction of lime slurry and acid gas. The optimal temperature range is used as the linear range of future temperature parameters.

[0119] By comprehensively considering the emission data and control parameters, the temperature control model uses numerical simulation and optimization algorithms to simulate the chemical reaction process of lime slurry to determine the ideal deacidification reaction temperature. In this way, the deacidification reaction can be carried out under the optimal temperature conditions, improving the reaction efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0120] For example, in cases where high emissions are predicted, the temperature control model calculates that the reaction temperature needs to be increased to increase the reaction rate and improve the efficiency of acid removal.

[0121] In step S6, the following steps are specifically included:

[0122] S61. The semi-dry deacidification tower obtains the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry based on the injection flow sensor, obtains the real-time concentration of the lime slurry based on the concentration sensor, and judges whether the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency are met according to the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry and the real-time concentration of the lime slurry; if the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry does not meet the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency, adjust the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower so that the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry enters the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter; if the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry is adjusted to the upper limit or lower limit of the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter and still cannot meet the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency, increase or decrease the input amount of quicklime or slaked lime so that the real-time concentration of the lime slurry enters the linear interval of the future concentration parameter.

[0123] By using the injection flow sensor and concentration sensor to collect data on the real-time injection volume and concentration of the lime slurry, these data are compared with the linear interval of the future injection volume parameter and the linear interval of the future concentration parameter to ensure that the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency are met immediately. If the real-time injection volume is not within the predetermined range, the system will adjust the opening of the lime slurry injection valve to compensate for the deviation. If the adjustment of the injection volume still cannot meet the efficiency requirements, the system will adjust the amount of quicklime or slaked lime.

[0124] For example, if the injection flow sensor detects that the real-time injection volume of lime slurry is lower than the lower limit of the linear interval of the future injection volume parameter, the system will automatically increase the opening of the lime slurry injection valve to increase the injection volume. If the injection volume reaches the upper limit after adjustment but still fails to meet the deacidification efficiency requirements, the system will increase the supply of quicklime to ensure that the future deacidification efficiency preset requirements are met immediately. On the contrary, if the real-time injection volume exceeds the upper limit of the interval, the system will reduce the opening of the lime slurry injection valve or reduce the amount of quicklime to reduce the concentration and volume of the injection to ensure the deacidification efficiency.

[0125] S62. The semi-dry deacidification tower obtains the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower based on the temperature sensor, compares the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower with the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, and determines whether the optimal temperature of the deacidification reaction is met; if the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower is higher than the upper limit of the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower is automatically adjusted to increase the flow rate of cooling water and reduce the temperature of the flue gas, so that the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower enters the linear interval of the future temperature parameter; if the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower is lower than the lower limit of the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, the flow rate of cooling water of the semi-dry deacidification tower is automatically adjusted to reduce the cooling of the flue gas and increase the temperature of the flue gas, so that the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower enters the linear interval of the future temperature parameter.

[0126] The temperature of the deacidification tower is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor, and this data is compared with the linear range of future temperature parameters to determine whether the current temperature state meets the optimal desulfurization conditions in the future. If the monitored temperature deviates from the predetermined range, the system will automatically adjust the flow of cooling water, increase or decrease the amount of cooling water flowing through the flue gas, adjust the temperature of the flue gas, and keep the temperature of the deacidification tower within the ideal working range.

[0127] For example, when the temperature sensor shows that the temperature in the deacidification tower is higher than the upper limit of the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, the control system will increase the opening of the cooling water regulating valve and increase the cooling water flow rate to reduce the flue gas temperature and prevent excessive temperature from affecting the desulfurization effect. Similarly, if the real-time temperature is lower than the lower limit of the linear interval, the system will reduce the cooling water flow rate and allow the flue gas temperature to increase moderately, thereby ensuring that the lime slurry can fully react with the acid gas under the optimal temperature conditions, thereby achieving efficient deacidification.

[0128] Through the intelligent control system, the system can monitor and adjust the opening of the injection valve in real time, ensuring that the injection amount of lime slurry is maintained within the optimal range. This not only helps to improve the desulfurization efficiency, but also optimizes resource utilization and prevents waste caused by excessive injection. The control system can be based on a pre-set control logic or algorithm, such as fuzzy control or PID control, and automatically adjusts according to the real-time monitoring data and the linear interval results predicted by the model to keep the injection amount always in the ideal state.

[0129] For example, if the real-time injection volume detected by the injection volume sensor exceeds the upper limit predicted by the model, the system will automatically reduce the opening of the injection valve to reduce the injection volume of the lime slurry. On the contrary, if the detected injection volume is lower than the lower limit, the control system will increase the valve opening to increase the injection volume. Assuming that in the case of high pollution emissions, the system needs to frequently adjust the injection volume to adapt to the changing emissions. The automated adjustment system can ensure that the deacidification efficiency is always in the optimal state.

[0130] like Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a waste incinerator device 10, including an acquisition module 11, a calculation module 12, a verification module 13, an output module 14 and a control module 15. Among them, the acquisition module 11 is mainly used to obtain the combustion parameter data, purification parameter data and gas detection data of the waste incinerator, input the combustion parameter data, purification parameter data and gas detection data into a preset prediction model, and output the future emission data of the gas in a preset time period in the future; the calculation module 12 is mainly used to input the future emission data into a preset parameter model, output the future control parameters, input the future control parameters into a preset calculation model, and the calculation model calculates the future concentration parameters and future injection amount parameters of the lime slurry according to the future control parameters; the verification module 13 is mainly used to obtain the acid gas content of the gas detection data, input the acid gas content into a preset linear regression model, and output the linear interval of the future concentration parameter and the future injection amount parameter. The output module 14 is mainly used to input the future concentration parameter and injection quantity parameter after verification into a preset temperature control model, and output the future temperature parameter linear interval; the control module 15 is mainly used to input the future concentration parameter linear interval, the future injection quantity parameter linear interval and the future temperature parameter linear interval into the semi-dry deacidification tower, so that the semi-dry deacidification tower can adjust the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future concentration parameter linear interval and the future injection quantity parameter linear interval, and adjust the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future temperature parameter linear interval.

[0131] In this embodiment, the modular system design realizes the automatic control of the emission control process of the entire waste incinerator, which not only improves the desulfurization efficiency and reduces pollutant emissions, but also has the advantages of optimizing energy use, reducing operating costs, and improving operational safety.

[0132] Experimental example

[0133] A verification experiment was conducted on a deacidification control method for a waste incinerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the experimental results are as follows:

[0134] The comparison results of the daily average consumption of lime slurry in the incineration line of the deacidification system of the prior art and the method of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: Figure 3a , Figure 3bAs shown, the horizontal axis represents the time change; the vertical axis represents the hourly mean of the lime slurry flow rate. The results show that the daily mean (MEAN) of lime slurry consumption of the incineration line of the prior art is 2.8359 L / h, and the daily mean (MEAN) of lime slurry consumption of the incineration line of the deacidification system using the method of the embodiment of the present invention is 1.9021 L / h, which is a reduction of 32.93%. The method of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively save the lime slurry consumption of the incineration line.

[0135] The comparison results of SO2 and HCL emissions between the prior art and the deacidification system using the method of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: Figure 4a-5b As shown, the horizontal axis represents the time change; the vertical axis represents the hourly average of SO2 or HCL emissions. The results show that although the overall hourly average of SO2 and HCL emissions in the prior art do not exceed the limit, there are still individual cases that exceed the limit; while the hourly average of SO2 and HCL emissions in the deacidification system using the method of the embodiment of the present invention are both stably controlled below the emission limit of the incineration plant.

[0136] The monitoring results of the input rate of the flue gas pre-control system using the method of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the change in time; the vertical axis represents the investment rate of the flue gas pre-control system. If the investment rate of the flue gas pre-control system is too low, there will be a problem of excessive lime slurry injection, which will cause a lot of waste on the one hand, and on the other hand will cause an increase in fly ash, resulting in a substantial increase in subsequent disposal costs. The experimental results show that the investment rate of the flue gas pre-control system using the method of the embodiment of the present invention can reach 100%, while the investment rate of the existing flue gas pre-control system is not higher than 80%. The experiment verifies that the embodiment of the present invention can effectively guarantee operation in all necessary time periods, thereby improving the removal efficiency of SO2, HCL and other pollutants, reducing the use of excess lime slurry, and reducing operating costs, thereby solving the problem of reduced flue gas treatment efficiency and inability to effectively control the emission of key pollutants (such as SO2 and HCL) in the existing flue gas pre-control system.

[0137] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: automatic adjustment and high stability. By combining data processing technology and prediction models, key parameters in the process of garbage incineration can be accurately predicted and adjusted, thereby achieving more effective emission control and environmental protection. In the entire control process, by continuously acquiring field data and performing real-time analysis, accurate prediction of future emission levels is ensured, and control parameters are adjusted in time to meet environmental protection requirements. The linear regression model is used to obtain the linear interval of future injection volume and concentration parameters. Combined with the preset temperature control model, the accuracy of the reaction is further improved, and the proportion and injection volume of lime slurry are optimized to achieve timely adjustment of real-time temperature, real-time concentration and real-time injection volume; all intervals are input into the semi-dry deacidification tower, so that it can automatically adjust the valve port of the semi-dry deacidification tower to control the future temperature and future production concentration, and improve the problem that when the composition and load of the garbage change greatly, there is poor control stability and it is difficult to adjust the control parameters in time, resulting in excessive flue gas emissions or waste of lime slurry.

[0138] It should be noted that technicians in the relevant technical field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the above-described device and each module can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned deacidification control method of the waste incinerator, and will not be repeated here.

[0139] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deacidification control method for a waste incinerator, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtain the on-site data of the waste incinerator and input it into the prediction model to output the future emission data of the gas in the future preset time period; S2, inputting the future emission data into a parameter model and outputting future control parameters; S3, inputting the future control parameters into a calculation model, and outputting future concentration parameters and future injection amount parameters of the lime slurry; S4, obtaining the acid gas content of the on-site data of the waste incinerator and inputting it into a linear regression model, and outputting a linear interval of a future concentration parameter and a linear interval of a future injection amount parameter; S5, inputting the future concentration parameter and the future injection amount parameter into a temperature control model, and outputting a linear interval of future temperature parameters; S6. Input the future concentration parameter linear interval, the future injection amount parameter linear interval and the future temperature parameter linear interval into the semi-dry deacidification tower, so that the semi-dry deacidification tower can adjust the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future concentration parameter linear interval and the future injection amount parameter linear interval, and adjust the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future temperature parameter linear interval.

2. The deacidification control method of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the waste incinerator field data includes real-time combustion parameter data collected by sensors installed at preset positions of the waste incinerator, purification parameter data obtained by the purification system, and gas detection data obtained by an online gas analysis device installed in the exhaust duct; the purification parameter data includes desulfurization efficiency, denitrification efficiency, and injection amount of desulfurizer; The gas detection data includes at least any one of the following: sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, sulfur trioxide, and hydrogen fluoride; Step S1 specifically includes: inputting the combustion parameter data, the purification parameter data and the gas detection data into the prediction model to analyze and process the input data, and the prediction model predicts the future emission data of the gas in the future time period based on the long-short term memory time series analysis and regression analysis chain prediction algorithm.

3. The deacidification control method of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the parameter model calculates the future control parameters according to the input future emission data, and the calculation formula is as follows: C(t) = a·E(t) + b; Among them, C(t) is the future control parameter, E(t) is the future emission data, and a and b are the model parameters obtained from historical data analysis.

4. The deacidification control method of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the calculation model calculates the future concentration parameter of the lime slurry according to the input future control parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows: Where D(t) is the future concentration parameter, C(t) is the future control parameter, e is the base of the natural logarithm, and c0 is the threshold of the control parameter; The future injection amount parameter is calculated according to the future concentration parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows: S(t) = k·D(t); Among them, S(t) is the future injection quantity parameter, and k is the proportional coefficient.

5. The deacidification control method of a waste incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41, obtaining the acid gas content of the gas detection data; S42, inputting the acid gas content into a preset linear regression model to calculate the linear interval of the future concentration parameter, and the calculation formula is as follows: D min =α·A(t)+β; D max =γ·A(t)+δ; Among them, D min is the lower limit of the future concentration parameter, A(t) is the acid gas content, D max is the upper limit of the future concentration parameter, α, γ, β, δ are the fitting coefficients of the historical concentration parameters; The acid gas content is input into a preset linear regression model to calculate the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter. The calculation formula is as follows: S min =∈·A(t)+ζ; S max =η·A(t)+θ; Among them, S min is the lower limit of the future injection quantity parameter, S max is the upper limit of the future injection amount parameter, ∈, ζ, η, θ are the fitting coefficients of the historical injection amount; S43, calibrating the future concentration parameter according to the future concentration parameter linear interval, and calibrating the future injection quantity parameter according to the future injection quantity parameter linear interval.

6. The deacidification control method of a waste incinerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S5 specifically includes: The verified future emission data and future concentration parameters are fused to obtain a fused data set, and the fused data set is input into a preset temperature control model. The temperature control model uses numerical simulation and optimization algorithms to calculate the fused data set to obtain the optimal temperature range for the reaction of lime slurry and acid gas, and the optimal temperature range is used as the linear range of future temperature parameters.

7. The deacidification control method of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 specifically includes the following steps: S61, the semi-dry deacidification tower obtains the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry based on the injection flow sensor, obtains the real-time concentration of the lime slurry based on the concentration sensor, and determines whether the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency are met according to the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry and the real-time concentration of the lime slurry; If the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry does not meet the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency, the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower is adjusted to make the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry enter the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter; If the real-time injection amount of the lime slurry is adjusted to the upper limit or lower limit of the linear range of the future injection amount parameter and still cannot meet the preset requirements of the future deacidification efficiency, the input amount of quicklime or slaked lime is increased or decreased so that the real-time concentration of the lime slurry enters the linear range of the future concentration parameter.

8. The deacidification control method of a waste incinerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S6 also includes the following steps: S62, the semi-dry deacidification tower obtains the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower based on the temperature sensor, compares the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower with the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, and determines whether the optimal temperature of the deacidification reaction is met; If the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower is higher than the upper limit of the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower is automatically adjusted to increase the flow of cooling water and reduce the temperature of the flue gas, so that the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower enters the linear interval of the future temperature parameter; If the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower is lower than the lower limit of the linear interval of the future temperature parameter, the flow rate of the cooling water of the semi-dry deacidification tower is automatically adjusted to reduce the cooling of the flue gas and increase the temperature of the flue gas, so that the real-time temperature of the semi-dry deacidification tower enters the linear interval of the future temperature parameter.

9. The deacidification control method of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear range of the future concentration parameter is 10% to 15%, the linear range of the future injection amount parameter is 1.0 to 3.0 L / min, and the linear range of the future temperature parameter is 145° C. to 155° C.

10. A garbage incinerator device, characterized in that: A method for controlling deacidification of a waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: An acquisition module, used to acquire combustion parameter data, purification parameter data and gas detection data of the waste incinerator, input the combustion parameter data, the purification parameter data and the gas detection data into a preset prediction model, and output future emission data of the gas within a preset time period in the future; A calculation module, used for inputting the future emission data into a preset parameter model, outputting future control parameters, inputting the future control parameters into a preset calculation model, and the calculation model calculating future concentration parameters and future injection amount parameters of the lime slurry according to the future control parameters; a calibration module, configured to obtain the acid gas content of the gas detection data, input the acid gas content into a preset linear regression model, output the linear interval of the future concentration parameter and the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter, calibrate the future concentration parameter according to the linear interval of the future concentration parameter, and calibrate the future injection amount parameter according to the linear interval of the future injection amount parameter; An output module, used for inputting the verified future concentration parameter and the injection amount parameter into a preset temperature control model, and outputting a linear interval of future temperature parameters; A control module is used to input the future concentration parameter linear interval, the future injection amount parameter linear interval and the future temperature parameter linear interval into the semi-dry deacidification tower, so that the semi-dry deacidification tower can adjust the opening diameter of the lime slurry injection valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future concentration parameter linear interval and the future injection amount parameter linear interval, and adjust the opening diameter of the cooling water regulating valve of the semi-dry deacidification tower according to the future temperature parameter linear interval.

Images