Foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device and method for fiber and film-shaped microplastics

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of froth flotation and oil extraction and removal, in particular to a froth flotation and oil extraction and removal device and method for fiber and film-shaped microplastics, the device comprises a box body, an extraction mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the box body, and a supply mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the box body; the method comprises the following steps of flotation liquid pressurizing and conveying, water body adding, flotation operation, extraction operation and discharging and cleaning. Air fed into the air tank by the air compressor is brought into the dissolved air tank through the jet device and is forcibly dissolved in water under pressure to form air-dissolved water, and the air-dissolved water is fed into the air flotation tank; under the condition of sudden release, air dissolved in water is separated out to form a large number of microbubble groups, the microbubble groups adsorb fibers and thin-film-shaped microplastics in the slow rising process, the microplastics are conveyed to the grease position on the surface of the water body through bubble buoyancy, and the purpose of removing the fibers and the thin-film-shaped microplastics is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foam flotation and oil extraction and removal, and in particular to a device and method for foam flotation and oil extraction and removal of fiber and film-shaped microplastics. Background Art

[0002] Fiber and film-like microplastics are the two types of microplastics with higher content in surface water. Existing water treatment plants have few devices to treat microplastics. In addition, some fiber and film-like microplastics float on the surface of the water, while others are suspended in the water. The efficiency of treating microplastics suspended in water is low and the removal rate is not high.

[0003] At present, the removal of microplastics mainly adopts chemical and physical methods. The physical method includes coagulation, ball passing and flotation, while the chemical method mainly uses chemical adsorption and photocatalytic degradation.

[0004] The removal rate of microplastics by conventional treatment processes is about 58.9%-70.5%, and coagulation and sedimentation can remove microplastics: compared with raw water, the removal rate of coagulation and sedimentation is about 40.5%-54.5%, of which the proportion of fibers in the removed microplastics reaches 50.7%-60.6%. Granular activated carbon after ozone oxidation can remove pollutants through the synergistic effect of physical adsorption and biodegradation. Compared with a single granular activated carbon filter, the removal rate of microplastics is increased by 17.2%-22.2%. The effluent of the water plant is mainly composed of microplastics of 1-5um, and there are almost no microplastics >50um. Therefore, the removal of small-size microplastics will be the focus of research. Different water treatment processes have a great influence on the removal of microplastics. How to remove them by foam flotation is a difficult problem in this field. For this reason, we propose a foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device and method for fiber and film-like microplastics to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device and method for fiber and film-like microplastics.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics, comprising a box, an extraction mechanism is provided at the upper end of the box, and a supply mechanism is provided at the lower end of the box;

[0008] A rolling track is installed in the box, and a plurality of air flotation rollers are installed on the rolling track. The air flotation rollers are composed of a flotation liquid inlet, a cylinder and a plurality of through holes. The flotation liquid inlet is connected to a supply mechanism, and the cylinder is connected to the rolling track.

[0009] A water body is arranged in the box, and grease, fiber, film-like microplastics and bubbles are arranged in the water body from top to bottom. The extraction mechanism is connected with the grease, fiber and film-like microplastics, and the air flotation roller is arranged in the bubbles.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the function of the high-pressure pipe in the device is to transport the dissolved air flotation liquid into the air flotation drum; the pressure pump pressurizes the flotation liquid in the flotation liquid transport pipe to send it to the air pressure tank in the absorption pressure vessel tank, where it is forced to dissolve in the water under pressure to form dissolved air water, which is sent to the high-pressure pipe to be transported into the air flotation drum through the branch pipe; the air flotation drum then blows out the dissolved air water in the form of bubbles, and the bubbles bring the microplastics suspended in the water to the surface of the water; the air flotation drum can be moved using a rolling track, and can also achieve comprehensive treatment of the water body, and the moving During the process, the sediment in the water accumulated on the flotation roller can be rolled to the bottom of the water to prevent the sediment from accumulating and blocking the through-hole outlet; the rolling track can transport the flotation roller within a certain range, which reduces the use of flotation rollers compared to paving the same plane with air flotation rollers; there is a layer of grease attached to the water surface, and plastic is lipophilic and will adhere to the grease; the bubbles of flotation liquid blown out by the flotation roller bring fibers and film-like microplastics to the oil surface, and the microplastics will be adsorbed; the function of the oil pump is to collect the grease containing microplastics to achieve the effect of removing microplastics from the water.

[0011] Preferably, the extraction mechanism comprises an oil pump disposed on one side of the casing, the extraction end of the oil pump extending to the top of the casing, and the extraction end of the oil pump extending into the grease, film-like microplastics and fibers.

[0012] Furthermore, suction can be generated by the action of the oil pump to quickly suck out the grease, film-like microplastics and fibers on the top of the box, making it easier to pump the grease, film-like microplastics and fibers out of the box.

[0013] Preferably, the supply mechanism includes a pressure pump arranged on one side of the box body, the extraction end of the pressure pump is connected to the flotation liquid delivery pipe, the supply end of the pressure pump is connected to the pressure container tank, an air injection pipe is penetrated through the supply end of the pressure pump, the lower end of the pressure container tank is connected to a high-pressure pipe, the high-pressure pipe extends into the box body, and the high-pressure pipe is connected to multiple flotation liquid addition ports.

[0014] Furthermore, the flotation liquid can be transported into the pressure vessel tank through the flotation liquid delivery pipe, and during the transportation process, dissolved air water can be formed through the air injection pipe and input into the air flotation drum through the high-pressure pipe, and then quickly transported into the box through the air flotation drum, so as to quickly push the grease, film-like microplastics and fibers in the water body of the box to float on the upper end of the water body.

[0015] Preferably, a deflation valve is connected to the upper end of the pressure vessel tank.

[0016] Furthermore, it is convenient to output the high-pressure gas in the pressure vessel tank through the air release valve, thereby fully ensuring the stability of the gas pressure in the pressure vessel tank.

[0017] Preferably, a pressure reducing valve is installed on the high-pressure pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the pressure reducing valve can release the pressure and effectively ensure the stability and safety of the high-pressure pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the high-pressure pipe is composed of a pipe body and a plurality of branch pipes, the branch pipes are all arranged through the pipe body, the plurality of branch pipes are all located in the box body, and the plurality of branch pipes extend to a plurality of flotation liquid addition ports respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, the tube body can adopt a retractable structure, which can be retracted and retracted so that the air flotation roller can be moved in the rolling track, can effectively move inside the water body, effectively realize uniform gas discharge in the water body, and better combine with oil, film-like microplastics and fibers in the water body.

[0021] Preferably, a sediment is provided at the bottom of the box body, and the sediment is located at the lower end of the plurality of air flotation rollers.

[0022] Furthermore, it is arranged at the bottom of the box body to facilitate cleaning.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for froth flotation and oil extraction removal of fiber and film-like microplastics, which is applicable to the above-mentioned froth flotation and oil extraction removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics, and comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. Pressurized delivery of flotation liquid: The flotation liquid is supplied through the flotation liquid delivery pipe, and is pressurized and delivered through the booster pump. The flotation liquid is mixed with air during the delivery process through the air injection pipe. The flotation liquid and air are mixed and enter the pressure vessel tank. The safety of the pressure vessel tank is ensured by the air release valve. When the pressure is too high, the pressure relief operation can be achieved, and the high-pressure flotation liquid and air in the pressure vessel tank can enter the high-pressure pipe;

[0025] S2. Water addition: add water that needs to be purified into the box;

[0026] S3, flotation operation: high-pressure flotation liquid and air enter the air flotation drum from the high-pressure pipe, and the high-pressure flotation liquid and air in the air flotation drum can be discharged from the through hole. The high-pressure flotation liquid and air will contact the water in the oil pump, and will combine with the grease, film-like microplastics and fibers in the water, so that the grease, film-like microplastics and fibers float up; and the surface of the air flotation drum will be cleaned;

[0027] S4, extraction operation: Grease, film-like microplastics and fibers float on the upper end of the water body. The operation of the pumping unit can extract grease, film-like microplastics and fibers; and the impurities will settle and fall;

[0028] S5. Discharge and cleaning: After cleaning, the water is discharged and the impurities at the bottom of the pump are cleaned so that water can be added again for cleaning.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The air flotation device adopts a drum structure, which can continuously and effectively blow out bubbles over a large area. Due to the drum-like structure, it is not easy to cause clogging of sediment. The high-pressure flotation liquid and the air mixture will be discharged from the through holes of the air flotation drum. The through holes are evenly distributed on the air flotation drum. The high-pressure flotation liquid and the air mixture will cause the impurities on the air flotation drum to fall off. At the same time, multiple through holes can quickly make the high-pressure flotation liquid and the air mixture evenly distributed in the water body, which can effectively combine with grease, film-like microplastics and fibers and make them float;

[0031] 2. The bubble flotation device uses a regional movable drum device, which can save consumables for the installation of the air flotation device;

[0032] 3. The combination of air flotation device and oil extraction device can safely and efficiently remove microplastics in water. The high-pressure flotation liquid and air mixture make grease, film-like microplastics and fibers float up. The oil pump can quickly extract them to remove the floating grease, film-like microplastics and fibers, thus improving the quality of water cleaning.

[0033] 4. It can reduce the installation amount of flotation equipment without causing excessive waste; the flotation liquid and grease are harmless to the human body and can be used with confidence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-shaped microplastics proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A front view of the foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-shaped microplastics proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A bubble discharge diagram of the foam flotation and oil extraction removal device for fiber and film-shaped microplastics proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the air flotation drum of the foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-shaped microplastics proposed by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5A step diagram of the foam flotation and oil extraction removal method of fiber and film-shaped microplastics proposed by the present invention;

[0039] In the figure: 1 oil pumping unit, 2 box body, 3 air release valve, 4 pressure vessel tank, 5 grease, 6 fiber, 7 bubble, 8 air flotation drum, 801 flotation liquid inlet, 802 through hole, 803 cylinder body, 9 pressure reducing valve, 10 rolling track, 11 sediment, 12 air injection pipe, 13 flotation liquid delivery pipe, 14 pressure pump, 15 film-like microplastic, 16 high-pressure pipe, 1601 pipe body, 1602 branch pipe fittings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0041] Reference Figure 1-4 , a foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fibers and film-like microplastics, includes a box 2, an upper end of the box 2 is provided with an extraction mechanism, the extraction mechanism includes an oil pump 1 arranged on one side of the box 2, and the extraction end of the oil pump 1 extends to the top of the box 2. Through the action of the oil pump 1, grease 5, film-like microplastics 15 and fibers 6 can be effectively extracted from the box 2.

[0042] Reference Figure 1-4 The extraction end of the oil pump 1 extends into the grease 5, the film-like microplastics 15 and the fibers 6. A supply mechanism is provided at the lower end of the box body 2. The supply mechanism includes a pressure pump 14 arranged on one side of the box body 2. The extraction end of the pressure pump 14 is connected to a flotation liquid delivery pipe 13. The supply end of the pressure pump 14 is connected to a pressure vessel tank 4. The upper end of the pressure vessel tank 4 is connected to a vent valve 3. An air injection pipe 12 is penetrated through the supply end of the pressure pump 14. The lower end of the pressure vessel tank 4 is connected to a high-pressure pipe 16. A pressure reducing valve 9 is installed on the high-pressure pipe 16. The high-pressure pipe 16 extends into the box body 2. The high-pressure pipe 16 is connected to a plurality of flotation liquid addition ports 801. The flotation liquid can be delivered into the pressure vessel tank 4 by the pressure pump 14 through the flotation liquid delivery pipe 13, and the gas is delivered in during the delivery process to effectively complete the mixing of the flotation liquid and the gas, form a dissolved gas aqueous solution to be delivered into the box body 2, and the dissolved gas aqueous solution can enter the air flotation drum 8 and be discharged.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-4A rolling track 10 is installed in the box 2, and multiple flotation rollers 8 are installed on the rolling track 10. The flotation roller 8 consists of a flotation liquid inlet 801, a cylinder 803 and multiple through holes 802. The flotation liquid inlet 801 is connected to the supply mechanism, and the cylinder 803 is connected to the rolling track 10. The cylinder 803 can be moved in the water body through the action of the rolling track 10, and the dissolved air water of the flotation liquid can be discharged from the through holes 802. At the same time, the impurities on the flotation roller 8 can be separated from the flotation roller 8. The dissolved air water of the flotation liquid enters the water body and effectively combines with the grease 5, the film-like microplastics 15 and the fibers 6, so that the grease 5, the film-like microplastics 15 and the fibers 6 float.

[0044] Reference Figure 1-4 A water body is arranged in the box body 2, and grease 5, fiber 6, film-like microplastic 15 and air bubble 7 are arranged in the water body from top to bottom. The extraction mechanism is connected with the grease 5, fiber 6 and film-like microplastic 15, and the flotation roller 8 is arranged in the air bubble 7. The air bubble 7 can combine with the grease 5, film-like microplastic 15 and fiber 6, so that the grease 5, film-like microplastic 15 and fiber 6 float, which is convenient for the extraction mechanism to extract and discharge the grease 5, film-like microplastic 15 and fiber 6.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 , 4 The high-pressure pipe 16 is composed of a pipe body 1601 and multiple branch pipes 1602. The branch pipes 1602 are all arranged on the pipe body 1601. The multiple branch pipes 1602 are all located in the box body 2. The multiple branch pipes 1602 extend to multiple flotation liquid addition ports 801 respectively. The pipe body 1601 adopts a telescopic structure so that it can adapt to the movement of the flotation drum 8, so that the flotation drum 8 can move in the water body in the box body 2, so that the dissolved air flotation liquid in the pipe body 1601 can be stably transported into the flotation drum 8. As the gas is discharged into the water body from the through hole 802, it can effectively combine with the grease 5, film-like microplastics 15 and fibers 6 in the water body, so that the grease 5, film-like microplastics 15 and fibers 6 can float to the upper end of the water body.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 A sediment 11 is provided at the bottom of the box body 2, and the sediment 11 is located at the lower end of multiple flotation rollers 8. As the flotation rollers 8 move, the sediment 11 on the flotation rollers 8 can be impacted by the water body, causing the sediment 11 to fall, so that the sediment 11 at the bottom of the box body 2 can be absorbed and cleaned later.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 The present invention also proposes a method for froth flotation and oil extraction removal of fiber and film-like microplastics, which is applicable to the above-mentioned froth flotation and oil extraction removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics, and comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1. Pressurized transportation of flotation liquid: The flotation liquid is supplied through the flotation liquid transportation pipe 13, and is pressurized and transported through the pressure pump 14. The flotation liquid is mixed with air during transportation through the air injection pipe 12. The flotation liquid and air are mixed and enter the pressure vessel tank 4. The safety of the pressure vessel tank 4 is ensured by the air release valve 3. When the pressure is too high, the pressure relief operation can be realized, and the high-pressure flotation liquid and air in the pressure vessel tank 4 can enter the high-pressure pipe 16.

[0049] S2, water addition: add water to be purified into box 2;

[0050] S3, flotation operation: high-pressure flotation liquid and air enter the air flotation drum 8 from the high-pressure pipe 16, and the high-pressure flotation liquid and air in the air flotation drum 8 can be discharged from the through hole 802. The high-pressure flotation liquid and air will contact the water in the oil pump 1, and will combine with the grease 5, film-like microplastics 15 and fibers 6 in the water, so that the grease 5, film-like microplastics 15 and fibers 6 float; and the surface of the air flotation drum 8 will be cleaned;

[0051] S4, extraction operation: the grease 5, the film-like microplastics 15 and the fibers 6 float on the upper end of the water body, and the operation of the pumping unit 1 can extract the grease 5, the film-like microplastics 15 and the fibers 6; and the impurities will settle and fall;

[0052] S5, discharge and cleaning: after the cleaning is completed, the water is discharged and the impurities at the bottom of the oil pump 1 are cleaned so that water can be added again for cleaning.

[0053] In the present invention, the function of the high-pressure pipe 16 is to transport the dissolved air flotation liquid into the air flotation drum 8; the pressure pump 14 pressurizes the flotation liquid in the flotation liquid delivery pipe 13 to send the air pressure container tank 4 to the air pressure container tank 4, where the air is forced to dissolve in the water under pressure to form dissolved air water, which is sent to the high-pressure pipe 16 to be transported into the air flotation drum 8 through the branch pipe 1602; the air flotation drum 8 then blows out the dissolved air water in the form of bubbles 7, and the bubbles 7 bring the microplastics suspended in the water to the surface of the water; the air flotation drum 8 can be moved by using the rolling track 10, and can also achieve comprehensive treatment of the water body. During the movement, the sediment in the water accumulated on the flotation roller 8 can be rolled to the bottom of the water to prevent the sediment from accumulating and blocking the outlet of the through hole 802; the rolling track 10 can transport the flotation roller 8 within a certain range, which reduces the use of the flotation roller 8 compared to arranging the flotation rollers 8 on the same plane; a layer of grease is attached to the water surface, and plastic is lipophilic and will adhere to the grease; the flotation liquid bubbles 7 blown out by the flotation roller 8 bring the fiber and film-like microplastics to the oil surface, and the microplastics will be adsorbed; the function of the oil pump 1 is to collect the grease containing microplastics to achieve the effect of removing microplastics from the water body.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics, comprising a housing (2), characterized in that: The upper end of the box body (2) is provided with an extraction mechanism, and the lower end of the box body (2) is provided with a supply mechanism; A rolling track (10) is installed in the box (2), and a plurality of air flotation rollers (8) are installed on the rolling track (10). The air flotation rollers (8) are composed of a flotation liquid inlet (801), a cylinder (803) and a plurality of through holes (802). The flotation liquid inlet (801) is connected to a supply mechanism, and the cylinder (803) is connected to the rolling track (10); A water body is arranged in the box body (2), and grease (5), fibers (6), film-like microplastics (15) and air bubbles (7) are arranged in the water body from top to bottom. The extraction mechanism is connected to the grease (5), fibers (6) and film-like microplastics (15), and the air flotation roller (8) is arranged in the air bubbles (7).

2. The foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction mechanism comprises an oil pump (1) arranged on one side of a casing (2), wherein an extraction end of the oil pump (1) extends to the top of the casing (2), and the extraction end of the oil pump (1) extends into the grease (5), the film-like microplastic (15) and the fiber (6).

3. The foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supply mechanism comprises a pressure pump (14) arranged on one side of the box body (2); the extraction end of the pressure pump (14) is connected to a flotation liquid delivery pipe (13); the supply end of the pressure pump (14) is connected to a pressure container tank (4); an air injection pipe (12) runs through the supply end of the pressure pump (14); the lower end of the pressure container tank (4) is connected to a high-pressure pipe (16); the high-pressure pipe (16) extends into the box body (2); and the high-pressure pipe (16) is connected to a plurality of flotation liquid addition ports (801).

4. The foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the pressure container tank (4) is connected to a gas release valve (3).

5. The foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure reducing valve (9) is installed on the high-pressure pipe (16).

6. The foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-pressure pipe (16) is composed of a pipe body (1601) and a plurality of branch pipes (1602), wherein the branch pipes (1602) are all arranged through the pipe body (1601), the plurality of branch pipes (1602) are all located in the box body (2), and the plurality of branch pipes (1602) respectively extend into a plurality of flotation liquid addition ports (801).

7. The foam flotation and oil extraction and removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sediment (11) is provided at the bottom of the box (2), and the sediment (11) is located at the lower end of a plurality of air flotation rollers (8).

8. A method for froth flotation and oil extraction removal of fiber and film-like microplastics, applicable to the froth flotation and oil extraction removal device for fiber and film-like microplastics according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Pressurized conveying of flotation liquid: the flotation liquid is supplied through the flotation liquid conveying pipe (13), and pressurized conveying is performed through the pressure pump (14). The flotation liquid is mixed with air during conveying through the air injection pipe (12). The mixed flotation liquid and air enter the pressure vessel tank (4). The safety of the pressure vessel tank (4) is ensured through the air release valve (3). When the pressure is too high, the pressure relief operation can be realized, and at the same time, the high-pressure flotation liquid and air in the pressure vessel tank (4) can enter the high-pressure pipe (16); S2, water addition: adding water to be purified into the box (2); S3, flotation operation: high-pressure flotation liquid and air enter the air flotation drum (8) from the high-pressure pipe (16), and the high-pressure flotation liquid and air in the air flotation drum (8) can be discharged from the through hole (802). The high-pressure flotation liquid and air will contact the water in the oil pump (1), and will combine with the grease 5, film-like microplastics 15 and fibers 6 in the water, so that the grease 5, film-like microplastics 15 and fibers 6 float; and the surface of the air flotation drum (8) will be cleaned; S4, extraction operation: the grease 5, the film-like microplastics 15 and the fibers 6 float on the upper end of the water body, and the operation of the pumping unit (1) can extract the grease 5, the film-like microplastics 15 and the fibers 6; and the impurities will settle and fall; S5, discharge and cleaning: After the cleaning is completed, the water is discharged and the impurities at the bottom of the oil pump (1) are cleaned so that water can be added again for cleaning.

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