Yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-pipe cyclone dust collector and dust collection method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of yellow phosphorus tail gas purification, and mainly relates to a multi-tube cyclone dust collector for yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas. Comprising a dust removal device for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas and an ash discharging device for receiving ash, the dust removal device comprises a shell used for containing at least one cyclone dust remover and an ash storage tank arranged below the cyclone dust remover; the airflow distributor comprises a plurality of flow guide pipes and is arranged at the inlet of the shell; the cyclone dust collector is used for separating ash from the yellow phosphorus furnace gas, so that the ash is settled to the ash storage tank under the action of centrifugal force; the high-temperature nitrogen pulse dust cleaning device is arranged above the cyclone dust remover and is used for cleaning accumulated dust in the cyclone dust remover through high-temperature nitrogen; the exhaust part is used for exhausting the yellow phosphorus gas; through the design, the phosphorus sludge amount in yellow phosphorus production can be greatly reduced, and the environmental protection pressure caused by subsequent sewage and phosphorus sludge treatment is reduced; meanwhile, the invention further designs a yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas dust removal method, and the dust content of yellow phosphorus tail gas is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of yellow phosphorus tail gas purification, and in particular relates to a yellow phosphorus high-temperature tail gas multi-cyclone dust collector and a dust removal method. Background Art

[0002] Yellow phosphorus is a vital basic industrial raw material, widely used in chemical industry, pesticide, military and other fields. In particular, the growth in demand for lithium iron phosphate batteries has further promoted the increase in demand for yellow phosphorus. However, due to the huge energy consumption, serious pollution and significant environmental risks in the production process of yellow phosphorus, many developed countries have stopped the production of yellow phosphorus for many years. At present, China is the world's major producer of yellow phosphorus. With the continuous strengthening of environmental protection measures, how to lead the yellow phosphorus production process towards greening has become a major challenge facing the phosphorus chemical industry.

[0003] At present, in the treatment of high-temperature yellow phosphorus furnace gas, water spray washing technology is generally used in the field to purify the tail gas. This process involves washing and separating the tail gas in the yellow phosphorus recovery stage to produce crude phosphorus. Subsequently, by refining the crude phosphorus, yellow phosphorus and mud phosphorus that meet the standards can be obtained, and the mud phosphorus is further processed to obtain yellow phosphorus or phosphoric acid. This treatment method produces a large amount of mud phosphorus, and the subsequent treatment of the mud phosphorus to obtain yellow phosphorus or phosphoric acid is subject to great safety and environmental pressure, while increasing production costs. How to reduce the amount of mud phosphorus in yellow phosphorus production is a difficulty and pain point for yellow phosphorus production enterprises. Based on this, it is urgent to improve the existing yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas dust removal device and dust removal method to solve the defects of the aforementioned technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a dust removal device to address the deficiencies of the prior art, aiming to ensure that the dust content of the tail gas is reduced as much as possible before the high-temperature furnace gas of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace recovers phosphorus, and at the same time reduce the amount of mud phosphorus in the rear end yellow phosphorus refining as much as possible.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector, comprising a dust removal device and an ash discharge device for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas;

[0007] Furthermore, the dust removal device comprises:

[0008] A housing for accommodating at least one cyclone dust collector and an ash storage tank disposed below the cyclone dust collector;

[0009] The air flow distributor is a collection of multiple flow guide pipes, which is arranged at the inlet of the shell and is used to evenly distribute the dusty yellow phosphorus furnace gas to the cyclone dust collector;

[0010] Cyclone dust collector is used to separate ash from yellow phosphorus furnace gas, so that the ash settles to the ash storage tank under the action of centrifugal force;

[0011] The high-temperature nitrogen pulse dust cleaning device is installed above the cyclone dust collector and is used to clean the dust inside the cyclone dust collector by regularly spraying high-temperature nitrogen;

[0012] Exhaust parts, used to discharge the yellow phosphorus gas after being processed by the cyclone dust collector;

[0013] Ash storage tank is used to collect the ash separated by the cyclone dust collector.

[0014] The above technical solution has the following technical effects:

[0015] The dusty yellow phosphorus tail gas is evenly distributed into multiple cyclone dust collectors through the air flow distributor pipeline of the present application. Under the action of the cyclone of the cyclone dust collector, the dusty gas rotates at high speed, and the dust particles are separated by centrifugal force. The dust is deposited on the wall during the rotation and falls into the ash storage tank below, while the purified gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe. This process can be continuously operated to ensure that the dust content in the yellow phosphorus tail gas is effectively controlled and the amount of mud phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus refining process is minimized.

[0016] As a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, the cyclone dust collector includes at least one dust removal module, wherein each dust removal module is allocated with at least one cyclone, and each dust removal module is matched with at least one high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device.

[0017] As a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, the cyclone dust collector is composed of a plurality of cyclones, each cyclone is provided with an independent high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device, and the yellow phosphorus gas enters the cyclone through the air flow distributor, and the cyclone separates the yellow phosphorus gas into yellow phosphorus gas and ash by centrifugal force, and the ash is collected in the ash storage device.

[0018] As a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device includes at least one high-pressure nitrogen tank, which is connected to the cyclone dust collector through a pipeline containing a pulse valve. The high-pressure nitrogen tank back-blows the inner cavity of the cyclone dust collector through the high-pressure nitrogen to remove the accumulated dust in the inner cavity of the dust collector.

[0019] As a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, it also includes a heat preservation and heating system, which includes an electric heating component and a temperature sensor;

[0020] The electric heating component is arranged on the surface of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector, and is used to control the temperature of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector at 200°C-250°C;

[0021] As a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, the temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector; and / or in the heating component.

[0022] As a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, the ash storage tank is provided with a first sensor, the first sensor is used to detect the height of the ash in the ash storage tank, and the ash unloading device includes a slag washing tank for receiving the ash;

[0023] The ash unloading device is fixedly connected to the ash storage tank through the first ash unloading valve, and the first ash unloading valve controls the ash slag in the ash storage tank to flow to the slag washing tank;

[0024] The first sensor is used to control the first ash discharge valve.

[0025] As a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, the ash unloading device also includes a high-temperature slag washing nitrogen valve and a slag washing gas return valve;

[0026] High-temperature nitrogen valve for slag washing is used to control the external nitrogen to enter the slag washing tank. The external nitrogen is used to wash the ash in the slag washing tank.

[0027] The slag washing gas return valve transmits the yellow phosphorus tail gas and yellow phosphorus steam of the washed ash in the slag washing tank back to the dust removal device through the conduit.

[0028] As a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, the ash unloading device also includes an ash unloading pressure balance high-temperature nitrogen valve and a second ash unloading valve;

[0029] Ash unloading balance pressure high temperature nitrogen valve, used to control the air pressure in the slag washing tank;

[0030] The second ash unloading valve is used to unload the ash in the slag washing tank into the air flow conveying device.

[0031] The second object of the present invention is to provide a dust removal method to further reduce the amount of mud phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus refining process in view of the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0032] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application implements the following technical solutions:

[0033] A dust removal method comprising any of the above-mentioned yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collectors, characterized in that the steps are as follows:

[0034] S101, introducing yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas into the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector through an air flow distributor, and maintaining the furnace gas temperature at 200-250°C;

[0035] S201, dusty yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas is separated by centrifugal force in the cyclone dust collector, and is thrown toward the wall of the cyclone dust collector during the rotation of the airflow, and moves downward along the wall, and finally settles into the ash storage tank, and the purified gas is discharged through the exhaust part;

[0036] S301, the dust deposited on the inner wall or the surface of the cyclone dust collector is blown in the reverse direction by a high-temperature nitrogen pulse dust cleaning device to impact and remove the deposited ash and push it to the ash storage tank at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector;

[0037] The reverse purge gas is high-pressure nitrogen, and the temperature of the high-pressure nitrogen is 200°C-250°C;

[0038] S401, when the ash accumulation in the ash storage tank reaches a set high level, the ash unloading device controls the ash to be discharged from the dust removal device into the ash unloading device;

[0039] S501, washing the ash in the ash unloading device with high-temperature nitrogen, using nitrogen to replace harmful gases such as yellow phosphorus vapor and CO, and returning the ash to the cyclone dust collector for circulation treatment;

[0040] S601. After the ash in the ash unloading device is washed, the ash unloading device passes the washed ash into the air flow conveying device.

[0041] The above technical solution produces the following technical effects:

[0042] The above dust removal method further reduces the dust content of the high-temperature tail gas of the yellow phosphorus electric furnace before phosphorus is recovered, and at the same time reduces the amount of mud phosphorus generated during the yellow phosphorus production process. In addition, the above method realizes the timely removal of dust accumulation in the cyclone dust collector through the controlled high-temperature nitrogen backflush method, avoiding the influence of dust accumulation on gas flow and separation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 This is one of the dust removal flow charts of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is the second dust removal flow chart of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of the structure diagram A of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is one of the dust removal flow charts of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is the second dust removal flow chart of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a dust removal flow chart of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a flow chart of Example 4 of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 9 This is a flow chart of Example 6 of the present invention.

[0053] in:

[0054] 1-Dust removal device;

[0055] 11- housing;

[0056] 12- air flow distributor;

[0057] 13- Cyclone dust collector;

[0058] 131-dust removal module;

[0059] 132-cyclone;

[0060] 14-High temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device;

[0061] 141- High pressure nitrogen tank;

[0062] 142-Pulse valve;

[0063] 15- Exhaust parts;

[0064] 16-ash storage tank;

[0065] 161- first sensor;

[0066] 2-ash unloading device;

[0067] 21-slag washing tank;

[0068] 22- first ash discharge valve;

[0069] 23-High temperature slag washing nitrogen valve;

[0070] 24-slag washing gas return valve;

[0071] 25- Ash unloading balance pressure high temperature nitrogen valve;

[0072] 26- second ash discharge valve;

[0073] 3- Air flow conveying device; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present application. The terms used herein in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0075] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0076] Although the present application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the claims. Any technical personnel in this field may make several possible changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

[0077] In view of the existing treatment of high-temperature yellow phosphorus furnace gas, water spray washing technology is currently commonly used in the field to purify tail gas. This process involves washing and separating the tail gas during the yellow phosphorus recovery stage to produce crude phosphorus. Subsequently, by refining the crude phosphorus, yellow phosphorus and mud phosphorus that meet the standards can be obtained, and the mud phosphorus is further processed to obtain yellow phosphorus or phosphoric acid. This treatment method produces a large amount of mud phosphorus, and the subsequent treatment of the mud phosphorus to obtain yellow phosphorus or phosphoric acid is subject to great safety and environmental pressure, while increasing production costs. How to reduce the amount of mud phosphorus produced by yellow phosphorus is a difficulty and pain point for yellow phosphorus production companies. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome these problems through a physical dust removal method such as the multi-tube cyclone dust collector proposed in this application.

[0078] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] like Figure 1-4As shown, in order to improve the defects in the prior art, the present application designs a yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector, which includes a dust removal device 1 for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas from a yellow phosphorus electric furnace. The yellow phosphorus tail gas is treated by the dust removal device 1 and then transmitted to the airflow conveying device 3 through the ash unloading device 2.

[0081] Furthermore, the dust removal device 1 comprises:

[0082] The shell 11 is used to accommodate at least one cyclone dust collector 13 and an ash storage tank 16 arranged below the cyclone dust collector 13; in the specific implementation process, the shell 11 is made of metal material, and the temperature of the yellow phosphorus tail gas inside the shell 11 can be further controlled by the external environment to prevent condensation.

[0083] The airflow distributor 12 is a collection of multiple guide pipes, which is arranged at the entrance of the housing 11 and is used to evenly distribute the dusty yellow phosphorus furnace gas to the cyclone dust collector 13. In the specific implementation process, at least one gas distributor is arranged at the entrance of the multi-tube cyclone dust collector, and the distributor can be an optimized guide pipe system to ensure that each group of cyclone dust collectors 13 can evenly receive the tail gas from the main airflow. By optimizing the geometric design of the pipe, the airflow distribution is ensured to be uniform and without dead angles.

[0084] Furthermore, a flow regulating valve can be installed on the pipeline entering each cyclone dust collector 13, and by controlling the flow of each pipeline, it is ensured that each cyclone 132 can evenly process the airflow under different loads of the multi-tube cyclone dust collector. Furthermore, by setting an airflow monitoring sensor and a flow regulating valve for interlocking control, it is ensured that when the exhaust gas flow changes, the system can automatically adjust the load of each cyclone dust collector 13 to avoid local blockage or overload problems.

[0085] The cyclone dust collector 13 is used to separate the ash from the yellow phosphorus furnace gas, so that the ash settles to the ash storage tank 16 under the action of centrifugal force; specifically, when the gas enters the cyclone dust collector 13, the guide inside the cyclone dust collector 13 guides the airflow into the cyclone, and under the action of the cyclone, the dust-containing gas rotates at high speed, and the dust particles are separated by centrifugal force. The dust is deposited on the wall during the rotation process and falls into the ash storage tank 16 below, and the purified gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe. The whole process can be continuously operated to ensure that the dust content in the yellow phosphorus tail gas is effectively controlled.

[0086] The high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 is arranged above the cyclone dust collector 13, and is used to clean the dust accumulated inside the cyclone dust collector 13 by regular high-temperature nitrogen injection; wherein, the pulse backblowing uses high-temperature nitrogen, and cleans regularly or according to the dust accumulation situation, and removes the dust particles deposited inside the cyclone 132 by the impact force of the high-pressure nitrogen, so as to keep the equipment running continuously and stably.

[0087] The exhaust component 15 is used to discharge the yellow phosphorus gas processed by the cyclone dust collector 13 ; the ash storage tank 16 is used to collect the ash separated by the cyclone dust collector 13 .

[0088] Specifically, the present application takes into account that the dust content in the yellow phosphorus furnace gas is high, the types of particles are diverse, and some fine particles are adhesive. Due to the physical properties of these particles, especially the fine particles and sticky substances therein, they are easy to adhere to reduce the dust removal efficiency. Specifically, the dust content of the yellow phosphorus furnace gas is as high as 60g / m3, which is easy to adhere to reduce the dust removal efficiency and even cause rapid blockage.

[0089] In addition, the dust in the yellow phosphorus furnace gas is complex, including some fine phosphate ore particles, carbon particles and other impurities. Among them, some components in the yellow phosphorus tail gas will mix with the dust to form adhesive materials, causing the materials inside the dust collector to stick or even clog, so that the equipment has to be stopped and replaced for manual cleaning.

[0090] It can be seen from this that the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 and the cyclone dust collector 13 mentioned in this application are the key to achieving the technical effect of this application and improve the defects of the existing technology.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that: in order to further improve the dust removal effect of the present application on yellow phosphorus tail gas, the cyclone dust collector 13 in this embodiment includes at least one dust removal module 131, wherein each dust removal module 131 is allocated with at least one cyclone 132, and each dust removal module 131 is allocated with at least one high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14.

[0093] In this embodiment, the present application adopts a modular design to optimize the structure of the cyclone dust collector 13, so that it is composed of multiple modules that can operate independently. Each module contains 5 to 10 cyclones 132. In the specific implementation process, the present application found that it is most ideal to configure 5 cyclones 132 in each module. This choice is based on the following considerations: Although multiple cyclones 132 can achieve a comprehensive dust removal effect on yellow phosphorus tail gas through a combination of different pipe diameters and cyclone wind forces, the installation cost of the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 must be weighed.

[0094] Other details that are the same as those in Example 1 are not described in detail in this application.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] like Figure 1-7As shown, the difference from Example 1 is: in order to further improve the dust removal effect on the yellow phosphorus gas in the present application, in the present embodiment, the cyclone dust collector 13 is composed of a plurality of cyclones 132, each cyclone 132 is correspondingly provided with an independent high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14, and the yellow phosphorus gas enters the cyclone 132 through the air flow distributor 12, and the cyclone 132 separates the yellow phosphorus gas into yellow phosphorus gas and ash by centrifugal force, and the ash is collected in the ash storage device.

[0097] Specifically, the pulse cleaning system in the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 is started at a scheduled time, specifically once every 10 minutes (specifically, the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 controls each dust removal module to clean in turn through programming), each pulse time is 1 second, and after the cleaning is completed, the above-mentioned multiple cyclones 132 automatically enter the next working cycle.

[0098] Other details that are the same as those in Example 1 are not described in detail in this application.

[0099] Example 4

[0100] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is: in order to further improve the treatment of dust residue in the cyclone dust collector 13 by the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 of the present application, in this embodiment, the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 includes at least one high-pressure nitrogen tank 141, and the high-pressure nitrogen tank 141 is connected to the cyclone dust collector 13 through a pipeline containing a pulse valve 142. The high-pressure nitrogen tank 141 back-blows the inner cavity of the cyclone dust collector 13 with high-pressure nitrogen to remove the accumulated dust in the inner cavity of the dust collector.

[0101] Specifically, the working principle of the high-pressure nitrogen tank 141 for back-blowing and cleaning the convection dust collector is as follows: the high-pressure nitrogen stored in the high-pressure nitrogen tank 141 is controlled by the pulse valve 142 and released in the form of pulses. When the pulse valve 142 is opened, the high-pressure nitrogen quickly enters the inner cavity of the cyclone dust collector 13 through the pipeline. Due to the high pressure and pulse characteristics of nitrogen, it can generate a strong shock wave to peel off and carry out the dust particles attached to the inner wall. This process can not only remove the dust accumulated inside the cyclone dust collector 13, but also prevent the dust particles from forming a hard shell on the inner wall, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0102] Specifically, the core of the above-mentioned high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning technology is to realize the rotation cleaning operation of each dust removal module 131 mentioned in Example 1 by programming the solenoid valve (specifically the pulse valve 142 in this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited to the pulse valve 142, the pulse valve 142 is a lower-level concept of the solenoid valve).

[0103] Furthermore, in order to ensure the dust removal effect, the pulse frequency and duration of the high-pressure nitrogen tank 141 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, the pulse frequency can be set to once per hour, and each pulse duration is about 2 seconds. Through such a setting, it can be ensured that the cyclone dust collector 13 always maintains a high dust removal efficiency during continuous operation.

[0104] Other details that are the same as those in Example 1 are not described in detail in this application.

[0105] Example 5

[0106] like Figure 1-8 As shown, as a further improvement of the yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector of the present invention, it also includes a heat preservation and heating system, and the heat preservation and heating system includes an electric heating component and a temperature sensor;

[0107] The electric heating component is arranged on the surface of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-tube cyclone dust collector, and is used to control the temperature of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-tube cyclone dust collector at 200℃-250℃; wherein, the electric heating component can be described as a controlled insulation layer and a corresponding control device in the specific implementation process, which can be specifically an electric heating wire or electric heating film, evenly distributed on the outer wall of the cyclone dust collector to ensure that the surface temperature of the entire equipment is uniform. The temperature sensor is installed on the inner wall of the cyclone dust collector to monitor the temperature inside the equipment in real time. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature is lower than the set range, the electric heating component will automatically start, and the heating power will be adjusted through the control device to ensure that the internal temperature of the cyclone dust collector is maintained between 200℃-250℃, so as to prevent the yellow phosphorus vapor from condensing and mixing into the ash when the temperature drops. In addition, the nitrogen pulse cleaning system also controls the temperature through an electric heater to ensure that the temperature of the nitrogen is maintained between 200-250℃ during cleaning.

[0108] The temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector; and / or in the heating component. In the specific implementation process, the temperature sensor can adopt various types in the dust collector of the present application due to different models, such as thermocouples, thermal resistors or infrared sensors. Thermocouples are widely used for temperature monitoring in high temperature environments due to their fast response speed and wide measurement range. Thermal resistors excel in precise temperature control with their high precision and stability. Infrared sensors can measure surface temperature non-contactly, which is suitable for areas where it is difficult to directly install sensors.

[0109] Furthermore, the design of the thermal insulation and heating system takes into account the thermal efficiency and energy consumption of the equipment. The power and distribution density of the electric heating components are optimized to ensure that the required temperature control effect is achieved with minimal energy consumption. In addition, the insulation layer uses high-efficiency insulation materials to reduce heat loss and further improve the energy efficiency of the system. During actual operation, the thermal insulation and heating system work together with the nitrogen pulse cleaning system to ensure temperature stability throughout the dust removal process. When the internal temperature of the cyclone dust collector is lower than the set range, the electric heating component automatically starts and adjusts the heating power through the control device to ensure that the internal temperature of the cyclone dust collector remains between 200℃-250℃. At the same time, before starting, the nitrogen pulse cleaning system will preheat the nitrogen through the electric heater to ensure that the temperature of the nitrogen is maintained between 200-250℃ during cleaning to prevent the yellow phosphorus vapor from condensing and mixing into the ash when the temperature drops.

[0110] Other details that are the same as those in Example 1 are not described in detail in this application.

[0111] Example 6

[0112] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the difference from implementation 1 is that: in order to further improve the processing efficiency of the ash after yellow phosphorus tail gas dust removal in this application, the ash storage tank 16 in this embodiment is provided with a first sensor 161, the first sensor 161 is used to detect the height of the ash in the ash storage tank 16, and the ash discharge device 2 includes a slag washing tank 21 for receiving the ash; the ash discharge device 2 is fixedly connected to the ash storage tank 16 through the first ash discharge valve 22, and the first ash discharge valve 22 controls the ash in the ash storage tank 16 to flow to the slag washing tank 21; the first sensor 161 is used to control the first ash discharge valve 22. In the specific implementation process, the first sensor 161 is an ash level sensor, and the ash level sensor is provided in the ash storage tank 16, which can monitor the height of the ash in real time. When the ash height reaches the set low level, the first ash discharge valve 22 is automatically closed. This low level can be set according to the volume of the ash storage tank 16, the ash density and the performance of the ash discharger to ensure the sealing effect of the ash discharger. Specifically, the preset value of the ash level sensor is set at about 30% of the volume of the ash storage tank 16 to ensure that there is enough ash space when unloading ash to prevent the system from overloading.

[0113] Furthermore, the ash unloading device 2 also includes a high-temperature slag washing nitrogen valve 23 and a slag washing gas return valve 24; wherein the high-temperature slag washing nitrogen valve 23 is used to control the external nitrogen to pass into the slag washing tank 21, and the external nitrogen is used to wash the slag in the slag washing tank 21; the slag washing gas return valve 24 transmits the yellow phosphorus tail gas and yellow phosphorus steam of the washed slag in the slag washing tank 21 back to the dust removal device 1 through a conduit.

[0114] Furthermore, the ash unloading device 2 also includes an ash unloading balance pressure high-temperature nitrogen valve 25 and a second ash unloading valve 26; wherein, the ash unloading balance pressure high-temperature nitrogen valve 25 is used to change the pressure balance between the ash storage tank 16 and the slag washing tank 21 during the ash unloading process (the principle is to introduce high-temperature nitrogen), to ensure that the ash flows smoothly from the ash storage tank 16 into the slag washing tank 21. The second ash unloading valve 26 is used to control the discharge of ash from the slag washing tank 21 to ensure that the ash does not pollute the environment during the discharge process. In the specific implementation process, the control devices of the high-temperature slag washing nitrogen valve 23 and the slag washing gas return valve 24 are connected to the ash level sensor in the ash storage tank 16 to form a closed-loop control system.

[0115] When the ash level sensor detects that the ash height reaches the set low level, the system automatically closes the first ash discharge valve 22 and starts the high-temperature nitrogen valve for washing slag to introduce nitrogen into the washing tank 21 for washing. During the washing process, the washing gas return valve is opened to transmit the yellow phosphorus tail gas and yellow phosphorus steam of the washed ash in the washing tank 21 back to the dust removal device 1 to achieve the recycling of resources. Among them, the second ash discharge valve 26 is used to discharge the ash in the washing tank 21 into the air flow conveying device 3.

[0116] Other details that are the same as those in Example 1 are not described in detail in this example.

[0117] Example 7

[0118] like Figure 1-9 As shown, different from Examples 1-6, in order to further improve the dust removal effect of the present application on the high-temperature yellow phosphorus furnace gas, this embodiment designs a dust removal method including any of the above-mentioned yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collectors, characterized in that the steps are as follows:

[0119] S101, introducing yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas into the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector through an air flow distributor, and maintaining the furnace gas temperature at 200-250°C;

[0120] S201, the dusty yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas is separated by centrifugal force in the cyclone dust collector 13, and is thrown toward the wall of the cyclone dust collector 13 during the rotation of the airflow, and moves downward along the wall, and finally settles into the ash storage tank 16, and the purified gas is discharged through the exhaust part 15;

[0121] S301, the dust deposited on the inner wall or the surface of the cyclone dust collector is blown in the reverse direction by a high-temperature nitrogen pulse dust cleaning device to impact and remove the deposited ash and push it to the ash storage tank at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector;

[0122] The reverse purge gas is high-pressure nitrogen, and the temperature of the high-pressure nitrogen is 200°C-250°C;

[0123] S401, when the ash accumulation in the ash storage tank reaches a set high level, the ash unloading device controls the ash to be discharged from the dust removal device into the ash unloading device;

[0124] S501, washing the ash in the ash unloading device with high-temperature nitrogen, using nitrogen to replace harmful gases such as yellow phosphorus vapor and CO, and returning the ash to the cyclone dust collector for circulation treatment;

[0125] The washing time is determined by detecting the CO content washed out and returned to the cyclone dust collector and the washing effect.

[0126] S601. After the ash in the ash unloading device is washed, the ash unloading device passes the washed ash into the air flow conveying device.

[0127] In step S301 of the above technical solution, the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 can further automatically adjust the back-blowing frequency and the injection pressure of the high-temperature nitrogen according to the ash level signal fed back by the ash accumulation sensor. The specific control method is as follows:

[0128] When the amount of dust accumulation in the cyclone dust collector 13 is small, the back-blowing frequency is reduced, and the high-temperature nitrogen pressure is maintained at a low level (such as 0.2-0.3MPa) to save nitrogen resources. When the amount of dust accumulation is close to the upper threshold, the back-blowing frequency is increased and the nitrogen pressure is increased (such as 0.5-0.7MPa) to enhance the back-blowing effect, remove the dust accumulation in time, and prevent the dust collector from being blocked.

[0129] Furthermore, the adjustment of backflush frequency and pressure is based on the real-time monitoring of the dust accumulation, and the specific settings are as follows:

[0130] High-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning is mainly programmed and set according to the resistance of the high-temperature multi-tube cyclone dust collector system. When the resistance is low, the frequency of high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning is low and the nitrogen pressure is low. Conversely, when the resistance is high, the frequency of high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning is high and the nitrogen pressure is high.

[0131] In summary, the backflush pressure can be automatically adjusted according to different operating stages of the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14. By installing a pressure regulating valve and a pressure sensor on the nitrogen supply pipeline, the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device 14 can adjust the nitrogen supply pressure according to the change in the amount of dust accumulation in the cyclone dust collector 13. The regulating valve is dynamically adjusted through an electric control signal to ensure that high-pressure nitrogen is supplied only when needed to avoid unnecessary high energy consumption.

[0132] Further, in step S501 of the above technical solution, the washing time of the ash washing stage is an important factor to ensure that the yellow phosphorus tail gas and yellow phosphorus steam can be completely replaced by high-temperature nitrogen, wherein the washing time can be determined according to the gas flow rate, tank volume and physical properties of the ash. Specifically, the washing time is determined by detecting the CO content washed out and returned to the cyclone dust collector to determine the washing effect.

[0133] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector, comprising a dust removal device (1) and an ash removal device (2) for treating yellow phosphorus tail gas, characterized in that: The dust removal device (1) comprises: A housing (11) for accommodating at least one cyclone dust collector (13) and an ash storage tank (16) disposed below the cyclone dust collector (13); The air flow distributor (12) is a collection of multiple flow guide pipes, which is arranged at the inlet of the shell (11) and is used to evenly distribute the dust-containing yellow phosphorus furnace gas to the cyclone dust collector (13); The cyclone dust collector (13) is used to separate ash from yellow phosphorus furnace gas, so that the ash settles to the ash storage tank (16) under the action of centrifugal force; A high-temperature nitrogen pulse dust cleaning device (14) is arranged above the cyclone dust collector (13) and is used to clean the dust accumulated inside the cyclone dust collector (13) by regularly ejecting high-temperature nitrogen; An exhaust member (15) for discharging the yellow phosphorus gas processed by the cyclone dust collector (13); The ash storage tank (16) is used to collect the ash separated by the cyclone dust collector.

2. The multi-cyclone dust collector for yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone dust collector (13) comprises at least one dust removal module (131), wherein each of the dust removal modules (131) is allocated with at least one cyclone (132), and each of the dust removal modules (131) is matched with at least one of the high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning devices (14).

3. The multi-cyclone dust collector for yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone dust collector is composed of a plurality of cyclones (132), each of the cyclones (132) being provided with an independent high-temperature nitrogen pulse dust cleaning device (14). The yellow phosphorus gas enters the cyclone (132) through the air flow distributor (12), and the cyclone (132) separates the yellow phosphorus gas into yellow phosphorus gas and ash by centrifugal force. The ash is collected in an ash storage device (2).

4. A yellow phosphorus high temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The high-temperature nitrogen pulse dust cleaning device (14) comprises at least one high-pressure nitrogen tank (141), wherein the high-pressure nitrogen tank (141) is connected to the cyclone dust collector (13) via a pipeline containing a pulse valve (142), and the high-pressure nitrogen tank (141) back-flushes the inner cavity of the cyclone dust collector (13) with high-pressure nitrogen to remove dust accumulated in the inner cavity of the dust collector (13).

5. The multi-cyclone dust collector for yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat preservation and heating system, which includes an electric heating component and a temperature sensor; The electric heating component is arranged on the surface of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector and is used to control the temperature of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector at 200°C-250°C.

6. A yellow phosphorus high temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the high-temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector; and / or in the heating component.

7. The multi-cyclone dust collector for yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash storage tank (16) is provided with a first sensor (161), the first sensor (161) is used to detect the height of ash in the ash storage tank (16), and the ash unloading device (2) comprises a slag washing tank (21) for receiving the ash; The ash unloading device (2) is fixedly connected to the ash storage tank (16) via a first ash unloading valve (22), and the first ash unloading valve (22) controls the ash in the ash storage tank (16) to flow to the ash washing tank (21); The first sensor (161) is used to control the first ash discharge valve (22).

8. The multi-cyclone dust collector for yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ash unloading device (2) further comprises a high-temperature slag washing nitrogen valve (23) and a slag washing gas return valve (24); The high-temperature slag washing nitrogen valve (23) is used to control the external nitrogen to enter the slag washing tank (21), and the external nitrogen is used to wash the ash in the slag washing tank (21); The slag washing gas return valve (24) transmits the yellow phosphorus tail gas and yellow phosphorus steam of the washed ash in the slag washing tank (21) back to the dust removal device (1) through a conduit.

9. The multi-cyclone dust collector for yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ash unloading device (2) further comprises an ash unloading pressure-balanced high-temperature nitrogen valve (25) and a second ash unloading valve (26); The ash unloading balanced pressure high temperature nitrogen valve (25) is used to control the air pressure in the slag washing tank (21); The second ash discharge valve (26) is used to discharge the ash in the slag washing tank (21) into the air flow conveying device (3).

10. A dust removal method comprising the yellow phosphorus high temperature furnace gas multi-cyclone dust collector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Here are the steps: S101, introducing yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas into the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector (13) through the air flow distributor (12), and maintaining the furnace gas temperature at 200-250° C.; S201, the dusty yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas is separated by centrifugal force in the cyclone dust collector (13), and is thrown toward the wall of the cyclone dust collector (13) during the rotation of the gas flow, and moves downward along the wall, and finally settles into the ash storage tank (16), and the purified gas is discharged through the exhaust member (15); S301, the dust deposited on the inner wall of the cyclone dust collector (13) or the surface of the cyclone dust collector (13) is blown in the reverse direction by a high-temperature nitrogen pulse cleaning device (14), so as to impact and remove the deposited ash and push it to the ash storage tank (16) at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector (13); The reverse purge gas is high-pressure nitrogen, and the temperature of the high-pressure nitrogen is 200°C-250°C; S401, when the ash accumulation in the ash storage tank (16) reaches a set high level, the ash unloading device (2) controls the ash residue to be discharged from the dust removal device (1) into the ash unloading device (2); S501, washing the ash in the ash unloading device (2) with high-temperature nitrogen, replacing harmful gases such as yellow phosphorus vapor and CO with nitrogen, and returning the ash to the cyclone dust collector (13) for circulation treatment; S601. After the ash in the ash unloading device (2) has been washed, the ash unloading device (2) passes the washed ash into the air flow conveying device (3).

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