3D printing device and printing method for handicraft production

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a 3D printing device and a printing method for handicraft production, including a device body, a printing unit including a heating mechanism and a spraying mechanism, a regulating mechanism connected to the bottom of the spraying mechanism, a beam plate mechanism connected to the side of the regulating mechanism close to the nozzle, the regulating mechanism drives the beam plate mechanism to adjust the position, and can achieve flow constraints at different heights, and can also scrape and remove the residual printed material on the surface of the beam plate mechanism. The present invention can blow the constraint plate to achieve cooling through a double-flow fan, causing the temperature of the constraint plate surface to drop rapidly. When started, the double-flow fan can cool the constraint plate and the printed material at the same time, effectively assisting them in cooling and reducing stickiness. When the bottom plate is lifted to the highest position, it can also assist in scraping the middle of the constraint plate, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning the constraint plate surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a 3D printing device and a printing method for producing handicrafts. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing is a type of rapid prototyping technology, also known as additive manufacturing. 3D printing is a technology that constructs objects by printing layer by layer based on digital model files. With the continuous maturity of 3D printing technology and the continuous improvement of the stability of the equipment used in 3D printing technology, the application scope of 3D printing technology is constantly expanding. There are many existing technologies for 3D printers:

[0003] For example, a 3D printing device with a Chinese patent announcement number of CN113878875B includes a discharge head and a side constraint assembly. The discharge head is provided with a discharge nozzle. The side constraint assembly is provided with two relatively parallel side constraint surfaces, and the two side constraint surfaces are respectively located on both sides of the discharge nozzle to limit the side end surfaces of the printed material flowing out of the discharge nozzle. Since two side constraint surfaces are provided on both sides of the discharge nozzle, and the two side constraint surfaces are arranged in parallel. Therefore, when the discharge head extrude the printed material toward the printing surface, the two side constraint surfaces can constrain the side end surfaces of the printed material flowing out of the discharge nozzle;

[0004] The current 3D printing equipment has two side constraint surfaces on both sides of the discharge nozzle. When the discharge head extrude the printing material toward the printing surface, the two side constraint surfaces can constrain the two side end surfaces of the printing material flowing out of the discharge nozzle. By adopting this method, the two side end surfaces of the printing material can be made flat, that is, a strip printing layer with a rectangular cross section can be printed;

[0005] However, in 3D printers, plastic is a common printing material. When the printing material is plastic, the plastic is in a semi-liquid state when it is just extruded from the discharge nozzle. It has a certain viscosity and fluidity. When the discharge head extrude the printing material to the printing surface, the parallel side constraint surfaces on both sides restrict the side end surfaces of the printing material. During the contact process, the viscosity of the semi-liquid plastic makes it easy to adhere to the surface of the side constraint surface. This is because the contact between the semi-liquid plastic and the side constraint surface generates adhesion, and it is difficult to easily detach before it is completely solidified, resulting in the occurrence of sticking phenomenon;

[0006] When the semi-liquid plastic sticks to the side constraint surface, it will cause waste of printing materials and increase material costs. In addition, the sticky materials will gradually accumulate, changing the flatness of the side constraint surface and the originally set spacing, affecting the restriction effect on the printing material, and causing deviations in the size and shape of the printed product.

[0007] In view of this, we propose a 3D printing device and a printing method for handicraft production. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing device and a printing method for handicraft production to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned object, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing device, including a device body, wherein the device body includes a frame, a driving unit, a feeding unit and a printing unit, wherein the driving unit is located inside the frame and is used to drive the printing unit to adjust the printing position;

[0010] The printing unit includes a heating mechanism and a spraying mechanism, wherein the heating mechanism can heat the printing material driven by the feeding unit, and the spraying mechanism can spray the printing material heated to a semi-liquid state for printing;

[0011] The bottom of the spraying mechanism is connected to a regulating mechanism, and the spraying mechanism includes a nozzle. The side of the regulating mechanism close to the nozzle is connected to a bundle plate mechanism for limiting the flow position of the printing material. The regulating mechanism drives the bundle plate mechanism to adjust the position, which can achieve flow constraints at different heights, and can also scrape and remove the printing material remaining on the surface of the bundle plate mechanism.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the spraying mechanism also includes a spray pipe connected to the bottom of the heating mechanism, the bottom end of the spray pipe is connected to a spray head, and a mounting plate is fixedly sleeved on the surface of one end of the spray pipe close to the spray head.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the bundle plate mechanism includes two triangular parts located at the side end of the nozzle, and the triangular parts include a constraint plate, a bending plate and a plug-in plate. The bottom of the constraint plate is rotatably connected to the top of one end of the bending plate, and a plurality of double-flow fans are installed inside the side of the bending plate away from the constraint plate. The top of the constraint plate is movably connected to the plug-in plate through a rotating shaft. The two constraint plates are symmetrically arranged to form a printing cavity between the two constraint plates, and both of the constraint plates are made of metal.

[0014] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the regulating mechanism includes a driven gear movably sleeved on the surface of one end of the nozzle close to the nozzle, the top of the driven gear is fixedly connected with an extension slide rod, the end of the extension slide rod away from the driven gear slides on the bottom of the mounting plate, the surface of the driven gear is meshed with a driving gear, the driving gear is coaxially connected to the driving motor, and the driving motor is fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting plate;

[0015] Two telescopic rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the driven gear, and the telescopic ends of the two telescopic rods are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom plates. Side grooves are provided on the ends of the two bottom plates close to the nozzles, and the end of the plug-in plate away from the constraint plate is plugged into the inside of the side groove, and the end of the bending plate away from the constraint plate is fixedly connected to the end of the bottom plate away from the telescopic rod.

[0016] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a guide surface is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate, and one end of the guide surface close to the bending plate is in an inclined state.

[0017] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the driving unit includes a bottom shaft rod installed at the lower end of the frame body cavity, a printing panel is installed on the surface of the bottom shaft rod, height adjustment rail grooves are opened on the inner walls of the four corner vertical rods of the frame, a height adjustment rod is slidably provided between two adjacent height adjustment rail grooves, a cross bar is slidably installed between the two height adjustment rods, and a support member is slidably provided on the surface of the cross bar.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the feeding unit includes a printing material winding roller installed on the side end of the frame, a table is installed on the top of the support, and a gear stepping structure for conveying strip printing materials is installed inside the table.

[0019] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the heating mechanism includes a frame installed on the surface of the support, a heating tube is arranged inside the frame, the top of the nozzle is connected to the bottom of the heating tube, and a radiator is installed on the side end of the frame.

[0020] The second object of the present invention is to provide a printing method for handicraft production, using the above-mentioned 3D printing device, including the following method steps:

[0021] S1. Create the 3D model to be printed through computer-aided design, import it into the equipment body, and control the position of the spraying mechanism through the drive unit;

[0022] S2. At the same time, the feeding unit and the heating mechanism are started to transport and heat the printing material. The heated printing material enters the nozzle in a semi-liquid state and is extruded through the nozzle;

[0023] S3. When printing a 3D model, the telescopic rod is in an extended state, the bottom plate drives the constraint plate to be located at the side end of the nozzle, and the printing material extruded from the nozzle can be limited in flow position by the printing cavity formed by the two constraint plates;

[0024] S4. At the same time, the double-flow fan in the bending plate is started, and the double-flow fan can blow the constraint plate, driving the temperature of the constraint plate surface to decrease, so that the printing material in the printing cavity can be cooled faster and the situation of sticking to the constraint plate surface can be reduced. With the help of the guide surface, the wind direction position of another blowing channel of the double-flow fan can be adjusted, so that it can blow and cool the printed objects;

[0025] S5. When the height of the printing chamber needs to be adjusted, the telescopic rod is controlled to be lifted and retracted, thereby driving the constraint plate to slide along the outer wall of the nozzle to achieve the effect of adjusting the height of the printing chamber;

[0026] S6. After printing is completed, the telescopic rod can be retracted again to drive the bottom plate to the highest position. At this time, the bending plate can be flush with the bottom of the nozzle, and the middle part of the constraint plate can be scraped to further clean the surface of the constraint plate.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. In the 3D printing device and the printing method for making handicrafts, during the operation of the device body, when the semi-liquid printing material is extruded from the nozzle, the two constraint plates can effectively restrict the two side end surfaces of the printing material. This restriction not only makes the two side end surfaces of the printing material flat, but also helps to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the printing material in the width direction;

[0029] 2. In the 3D printing device and the printing method for handicraft production, when the two constraint plates constrain the two sides of the nozzle, the double-flow fan is started to blow the constraint plates to achieve cooling, causing the temperature of the constraint plate surface to drop rapidly; in this way, the extruded printing material can be quickly solidified and formed, significantly reducing the possibility of the printing material sticking to the constraint plate surface. The double-flow fan has the function of blowing air to both sides at the same time, and because it is installed inside the bending plate in an inclined state, it can cool the constraint plates and the printed material at the same time when it is started, effectively assisting them in cooling;

[0030] 3. In the 3D printing device and the printing method for handicraft production, the base plate and the bending plate can be pulled with the help of the telescopic rod. The constraint plate that is rotatably connected to the end of the bending plate close to the nozzle can slide along the surface of the nozzle. At this time, the plug-in plate can slide inside the side groove. As the base plate is lifted, the constraint plate will be driven to move up, thereby adjusting the height of the printing chamber baffle. At the same time, because the constraint plate and the surface of the nozzle are in contact, when the base plate is lifted to the highest position, it can also assist in scraping the middle part of the constraint plate, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning the surface of the constraint plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at A;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support installation position structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing unit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the downward movement structure of the triangular member of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the upward movement structure of the triangular member of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at B;

[0039] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at C;

[0040] Fig.10 It is an overall front view of the present invention.

[0041] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0042] 1. Equipment body; 11. Frame; 12. Driving unit; 13. Feeding unit; 14. Printing unit; 141. Heating mechanism; 142. Spraying mechanism;

[0043] 121, bottom shaft rod; 122, printing panel; 123, cross bar; 124, height adjustment rod; 125, height adjustment rail groove; 126, support member;

[0044] 131. Printing material winding roller; 132. Table; 133. Gear stepping structure;

[0045] 1411, frame; 1412, heating tube; 1413, radiator;

[0046] 1421. mounting plate; 1422. nozzle; 1423. nozzle;

[0047] 2. Control mechanism; 21. Driving gear; 22. Driven gear; 23. Telescopic rod; 24. Bottom plate; 25. Side groove; 26. Extended slide rod;

[0048] 3. Plate binding mechanism; 31. Triangular piece; 311. Constraint plate; 312. Bending plate; 313. Plug-in plate; 32. Printing chamber; 33. Double-flow fan;

[0049] 4. Introduction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.10As shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a 3D printing device, including a device body 1, the device body 1 includes a frame 11, a driving unit 12, a feeding unit 13 and a printing unit 14, the driving unit 12 is located inside the frame 11, and is used to drive the printing unit 14 to adjust the printing position; the printing unit 14 includes a heating mechanism 141 and a spraying mechanism 142, the heating mechanism 141 can heat the printing material driven by the feeding unit 13, and the spraying mechanism 142 can spray the printing material heated to a semi-liquid state for printing; the bottom of the spraying mechanism 142 is connected to a regulating mechanism 2, the spraying mechanism 142 includes a nozzle 1423, and the side of the regulating mechanism 2 close to the nozzle 1423 is connected to a bundle plate mechanism 3 for limiting the flow position of the printing material, the regulating mechanism 2 drives the bundle plate mechanism 3 to adjust the position, which can achieve flow constraints at different heights, and at the same time, the printing material remaining on the surface of the bundle plate mechanism 3 can be scraped off.

[0055] First, the specific structure of the spraying mechanism 142 is disclosed. The spraying mechanism 142 also includes a spray pipe 1422 connected to the bottom of the heating mechanism 141. The bottom end of the spray pipe 1422 is connected to a spray head 1423. The surface of one end of the spray pipe 1422 close to the spray head 1423 is fixedly sleeved with a mounting plate 1421. Figure 5 It can be seen that the nozzle 1422 is connected to the bottom of the heating mechanism 141. After the heating mechanism 141 heats the printing material, the semi-liquid printing material can be sprayed out by the nozzle 1422 and the nozzle head 1423 detachably connected to the bottom of the nozzle 1422 to achieve layer-by-layer printing;

[0056] In 3D printing, the strip printing layers with rectangular cross-sections are sprayed or extruded by the nozzle 1423 and stacked layer by layer. Therefore, the cross-sectional dimensions required for printed products of different specifications are different. Therefore, the nozzle 1423 and the nozzle tube 1422 are detachably connected, which is more convenient for replacing the nozzle 1423, and also more convenient for repairing the nozzle tube 1422 and the nozzle 1423 to improve the printing effect. Preferably, the nozzle 1423 and the nozzle tube 1422 can be detachably connected in the form of a threaded connection. When disassembly is required, the nozzle 1423 can be rotated counterclockwise to gradually loosen the thread, so that the nozzle 1423 and the nozzle tube 1422 can be separated. Otherwise, they are connected (the connection structure between the nozzle 1423 and the nozzle tube 1422 is not shown in the attached drawing).

[0057] The printing material is extruded through the nozzle 1423 to form a strip-shaped printing layer. Under the action of gravity, the end surfaces of the semi-liquid strip-shaped printing layer will bulge outward, making the end surfaces of the strip-shaped printing layer uneven. In view of this, the specific structure of the bundle plate mechanism 3 is disclosed in combination with the above structure. The bundle plate mechanism 3 includes two triangular pieces 31 located at the side ends of the nozzle 1423. The triangular piece 31 includes a constraint plate 311, a bending plate 312 and a plug-in plate 313. The bottom of the constraint plate 311 is rotatably connected to the top of one end of the bending plate 312. A plurality of double-flow fans 33 are installed inside the side of the bending plate 312 away from the constraint plate 311. The top of the constraint plate 311 is movably connected to the plug-in plate 313 through a rotating shaft. The two constraint plates 311 are symmetrically arranged. A printing cavity 32 is formed between the two constraint plates 311. Both constraint plates 311 are made of metal.

[0058] Combination Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the triangular member 31 is formed by the rotation connection of the constraint plate 311, the bending plate 312 and the plug plate 313, wherein the ends of the two bending plates 312 close to the nozzle 1423 are flush with the outer wall of the nozzle 1423, and a printing cavity 32 can be formed between the two constraint plates 311. When the semi-liquid printing material is squeezed out from the nozzle 1423, the two constraint plates 311 can limit the two side end surfaces of the printing material, so that the two side end surfaces of the printing material become flat. It should be noted that: the two bending plates 312 are about A double-flow fan 33 is provided inside one side of the restraining plate 311. When the two restraining plates 311 restrain the two sides of the nozzle 1423, the double-flow fan 33 is started to blow and cool the restraining plates 311. The restraining plates 311 are made of aluminum alloy, copper or stainless steel and have good thermal conductivity. They can quickly conduct the cold air blown by the double-flow fan 33, thereby lowering the temperature of the surface of the restraining plates 311, thereby quickly solidifying the extruded printing material and effectively reducing the situation where the printing material sticks to the surface of the restraining plates 311.

[0059] The above-mentioned double-flow fan 33, also known as a double-duct fan or a two-way fan, has two groups of blades symmetrically installed on the fan shaft. The directions of the two groups of blades are opposite, that is, the convex surface of one group of blades faces one side, while the convex surface of the other group of blades faces the other side, and the positions of the two groups of blades on the rotating plane are staggered with each other to avoid mutual interference during rotation. When the motor drives the shaft to rotate, the air can be effectively pushed to both sides of the fan, thereby achieving the effect of blowing air to both sides at the same time. Since the double-flow fan 33 is installed inside the bending plate 312 in an inclined state, when the double-flow fan 33 is started, the constraint plate 311 and the printed material can be cooled at the same time to assist their cooling.

[0060] Specifically, Figure 8 The dotted arrow in the figure indicates the blowing direction of the double flow fan 33.

[0061] When the thickness of the object to be printed is different, the barrier height of the constraint plate 311 also needs to be changed accordingly. Therefore, the specific structure of the regulating mechanism 2 needs to be disclosed. The regulating mechanism 2 includes a driven gear 22 movably sleeved on the surface of one end of the nozzle 1422 close to the nozzle 1423. The top of the driven gear 22 is fixedly connected with an extension slide bar 26. The end of the extension slide bar 26 away from the driven gear 22 slides on the bottom of the mounting plate 1421. The surface of the driven gear 22 is meshed with a driving gear 21. The driving gear 21 is coaxially connected to the driving motor, and the driving motor is fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting plate 1421.

[0062] Telescopic rods 23 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the driven gear 22, and the telescopic ends of the two telescopic rods 23 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate 24 respectively. The two bottom plates 24 have side grooves 25 on one end close to the nozzle 1423, and the end of the plug-in plate 313 away from the constraint plate 311 is plugged into the inside of the side groove 25, and the end of the bending plate 312 away from the constraint plate 311 is fixedly connected to the end of the bottom plate 24 away from the telescopic rod 23.

[0063] See also Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, the triangle piece 31 is supported by the bottom plate 24, and the bottom plate 24 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 23 away from the top of the triangle piece 31, and the other end of the telescopic rod 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driven gear 22, and the driven gear 22 is connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 1421 through the extension slide rod 26. It can be seen that the triangle piece 31 can be stably located at the side end of the nozzle 1423. When the position of the constraint plate 311 needs to be adjusted, the telescopic rod 23 is started, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 23 can pull the bottom plate 24. Because the bending plate 312 is in a fixed state, when the bending plate 312 is bent, When the bent plate 312 is lifted, the constraint plate 311 rotatably connected to one end of the bent plate 312 close to the nozzle 1423 can slide on the surface of the nozzle 1423. At this time, the plug-in plate 313 can slide inside the side groove 25. As the bottom plate 24 is lifted, the constraint plate 311 is driven to move upward, thereby adjusting the barrier height of the printing chamber 32. At the same time, since the constraint plate 311 is in contact with the surface of the nozzle 1423, when the bottom plate 24 is lifted to the highest position, the middle part of the constraint plate 311 can also be scraped to clean the surface of the constraint plate 311.

[0064] The driving gear 21 is driven by the motor to drive the driven gear 22 to rotate on the surface of the nozzle 1422, so that the printing cavity 32 can follow the moving direction of the nozzle 1423 to adjust the limit position of the printing material.

[0065] Because the printer is a 3D printer, the nozzle 1423 will move left and right under the drive unit 12 when printing different objects; for example, when printing a circular object, the nozzle 1423 needs to stack the printed materials in a circular shape during the printing process. If the printing cavity 32 does not adjust the angle accordingly, the printed materials may be limited in the stacking direction;

[0066] See Figure 2 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the regulating mechanism 2 and the bundle plate mechanism 3 are both installed at the bottom of the driven gear 22, and the driven gear 22 is movably connected to the surface of the nozzle 1423. Therefore, when the driven gear 22 rotates, the nozzle 1423 does not rotate, so that the rotation of the driven gear 22 can drive the regulating mechanism 2 and the bundle plate mechanism 3 to rotate on the surface of the nozzle 1423 (equivalent to rotating with the nozzle 1423 as the center), thereby adjusting the stacking angle of the printing material, so the printing chamber 32 can follow the moving direction of the nozzle 1423 to adjust the limit position of the printing material.

[0067] Furthermore, the constraint plate 311 will return to its original position when the bottom plate 24 moves downward, and the rotating shaft connected between the constraint plate 311 and the bending plate 312 adopts an automatic reset rotating shaft. The working principle of the automatic reset rotating shaft is: when the rotating shaft is rotated by an external force, it will compress or stretch the elastic element connected thereto at the same time, and the elastic element will store potential energy. When the external force disappears, the elastic element releases the stored potential energy, generates a restoring force, and drives the rotating shaft back to the initial position, thereby achieving automatic reset. Similarly, when the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 23 moves downward, the constraint plate 311 will lose the resistance force applied to it by the nozzle 1423 while moving downward, and the elastic element in the rotating shaft between the constraint plate 311 and the bending plate 312 releases potential energy, driving the constraint plate 311 back to its original position. It should be noted that the maximum angle between the constraint plate 311 and the bending plate 312 is ninety degrees (that is, the constraint plate 311 and the bending plate 312 are in a vertical state).

[0068] from Fig. 9 It can be seen that the inner diameter of the side groove 25 is larger than the cross-section of the plug-in board 313, so that the plug-in board 313 can be freely plugged into the inside of the side groove 25, and an elastic gasket (not shown in the figure) is connected between the plug-in board 313 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the side groove 25. The elastic gasket does not affect the sliding plug-in of the plug-in board 313, but can also provide support for the plug-in board 313, further improving the stability of the constraint plate 311, and then making it easier to limit the side ends of the printing material.

[0069] As is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principle of the telescopic rod 23 is that a built-in motor drives a screw rod. When the motor rotates, the screw rod is driven to rotate, so that the nut matched with the screw rod moves along the axial direction of the screw rod, thereby promoting the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 23. At the same time, the internal control system receives and processes instructions from a remote control or other wireless control device, controls the forward and reverse rotation and speed of the motor, so as to realize operations such as extension, shortening and stopping of the telescopic rod 23.

[0070] It should be noted that: Fig. 9 The arrow F1 in the figure indicates the upward movement direction of the telescopic rod 23, and the arrow F2 indicates the running direction of scraping the residual printing material on the surface of the constraint plate 311 with the help of the outer wall of the nozzle 1423 when the constraint plate 311 slides upward.

[0071] Since the double-flow fan 33 blows in two directions, it can blow and cool down the constraint plate 311 and the printed material at the same time. Therefore, in order to enable the double-flow fan 33 to blow and cool down the printed model more accurately, a guide surface 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate 24, and the end of the guide surface 4 close to the bending plate 312 is in an inclined state.

[0072] See also Figure 8 As shown, since the printed material is located below the nozzle 1423, there is a deviation between its angle and the blowing direction of the double-flow fan 33. Therefore, a guide surface 4 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate 24 for adjusting the flow of one of the blowing directions of the double-flow fan 33 so that the blown cold air can be accurately blown toward the printed material below the nozzle 1423, thereby achieving a cooling effect.

[0073] During the 3D printing process, the spraying mechanism 142 needs to move according to a preset program. Therefore, in order to improve the flexibility of the spraying, the specific structure of the driving unit 12 needs to be disclosed. The driving unit 12 includes a bottom shaft rod 121 installed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the frame 11, and a printing panel 122 is installed on the surface of the bottom shaft rod 121. The inner walls of the four corner vertical rods of the frame 11 are provided with height adjustment rail grooves 125, and a height adjustment rod 124 is slidably provided between two adjacent height adjustment rail grooves 125. A cross bar 123 is slidably installed between the two height adjustment rods 124, and a support member 126 is slidably provided on the surface of the cross bar 123.

[0074] according to Figure 3 As shown, the driving unit 12 is the core component of the 3D printer. A printing panel 122 is provided on a bottom shaft 121 installed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the frame 11. The bottom of the printing panel 122 is connected to a nut. The motor drives the screw rod to rotate, and the rotational motion of the screw rod is converted into the linear motion of the nut, thereby driving the printing panel 122 to move back and forth accurately in the horizontal direction to achieve Y-axis adjustment.

[0075] In the height adjustment grooves 125 provided on the inner walls of the vertical rods at the four corners of the frame body 11, the height adjustment rods 124 slidably installed between two adjacent grooves can move up and down along the grooves, the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the nut on the screw rod is connected to the height adjustment rod 124, the rotation of the screw rod causes the nut to drive the height adjustment rod 124 to move accurately up and down along the height adjustment groove 125, thereby adjusting the height of the cross bar 123 to achieve Z-axis adjustment;

[0076] The motor drives the gear to rotate, and the rack meshing with the gear is connected to the crossbar 123. The rotation of the gear drives the rack or the toothed plate to move horizontally, so that the support member 126 on the crossbar 123 can move accurately left and right on the crossbar 123 to achieve X-axis adjustment.

[0077] In terms of operation method, the rotation speed, direction and rotation amount of each motor are precisely controlled by the control system. When printing, the control system coordinates the movement of the X, Y and Z axes according to the preset 3D model data, so that the nozzle 1423 can be accurately positioned in the three-dimensional space, and the printing material is accumulated layer by layer at a specific position of the printing panel 122, thereby gradually building a complete and accurate 3D object (the control system adopts the existing technology, which will not be described in detail here).

[0078] Taking into account the conveying conditions of the printing materials, in view of this, the specific structure of the feeding unit 13 is disclosed in combination with the above structure. The feeding unit 13 includes a printing material winding roller 131 installed on the side end of the frame 11, and a table 132 is installed on the top of the support member 126. A gear stepping structure 133 for conveying strip printing materials is installed inside the table 132.

[0079] See also Figure 3 Combined with Figure 4 As shown, a printing material winding roller 131 rotatably mounted on the side end of the frame 11 is used to wind up the strip-shaped printing material. The printing material can be conveyed by combining a platform 132 arranged on the top of the support 126 with a gear stepping structure 133 arranged inside the platform 132. The gear stepping structure 133 is usually composed of a driving motor and a transmission gear set. When the driving motor is started, the rotation of the motor is transmitted and amplified through the transmission gear set, and the printing material is placed between the transmission gear sets. As the transmission gear set rotates, the printing material is gradually conveyed.

[0080] in, Figure 4 The dotted arrow indicates the moving direction of the support member 126 .

[0081] Since the printing material has good fluidity when it is in a semi-liquid state, this state change allows the material to be smoothly extruded from the nozzle 1423, and can be accurately deposited and stacked to form a desired shape and structure. Therefore, the printing material needs to be heated to a semi-liquid state by a heating mechanism 141 before extrusion. The heating mechanism 141 includes a frame 1411 installed on the surface of the support 126, a heating tube 1412 is arranged inside the frame 1411, the top of the nozzle 1422 is connected to the bottom of the heating tube 1412, and a radiator 1413 is installed at the side end of the frame 1411.

[0082] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the printing material transported by the gear stepping structure 133 can be inserted into the interior of the heating tube 1412, and the printing material is heated and melted by the heating tube 1412, and then extruded by the nozzle 1422 connected to the bottom of the heating tube 1412, wherein the heating tube 1412 is composed of a resistance wire. When current passes through the resistance wire, due to the effect of resistance, the electrical energy is converted into thermal energy, and the surface of the heating tube 1412 will generate high temperature and radiate heat to the surrounding environment. When the strip-shaped printing material passes through the heating tube 1412, the heat will be quickly transferred to the printing material. After the printing material absorbs the heat, its temperature gradually increases. As the temperature rises, the molecular thermal motion of the printing material intensifies, and the internal chemical bonds and intermolecular forces gradually weaken. When the melting point of the printing material is reached, the printing material changes from a solid state to a semi-liquid state with good fluidity, so that it can be extruded from the nozzle 1423. Because the heating tube 1412 generates heat during operation, in order to better control the heat, a radiator 1413 is installed at the side end of the frame 1411.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] This embodiment is based on the content provided in Embodiment 1, and aims to provide a printing method for craft production, using the above-mentioned 3D printing device, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0085] S1. Create a 3D model to be printed by computer-aided design, import it into the device body 1, and control the position of the spraying mechanism 142 by the driving unit 12;

[0086] S2. At the same time, the feeding unit 13 and the heating mechanism 141 are started to transport and heat the printing material. The heated printing material enters the nozzle 1422 in a semi-liquid state and is extruded through the nozzle 1423.

[0087] S3. When printing a 3D model, the telescopic rod 23 is in an extended state, the bottom plate 24 drives the constraint plate 311 to be located at the side end of the nozzle 1423, and the printing material extruded from the nozzle 1423 can be limited in flow position by the printing cavity 32 formed by the two constraint plates 311;

[0088] S4. At the same time, the double-flow fan 33 in the bending plate 312 is started, and the double-flow fan 33 can blow the constraint plate 311, driving the temperature of the surface of the constraint plate 311 to decrease, so that the printing material in the printing cavity 32 can be cooled faster and the situation of sticking to the surface of the constraint plate 311 can be reduced. With the help of the guide surface 4, the wind direction position of another blowing channel of the double-flow fan 33 can be adjusted, so that it can blow and cool the printed objects;

[0089] S5. When the height of the printing chamber 32 needs to be adjusted, the telescopic rod 23 is controlled to be lifted and retracted, thereby driving the restraining plate 311 to slide along the outer wall of the nozzle 1423 to achieve the effect of adjusting the height of the printing chamber 32;

[0090] S6. After printing is completed, the telescopic rod 23 can be retracted again to drive the bottom plate 24 to be lifted to the highest position. At this time, the bending plate 312 can be flush with the bottom of the nozzle 1423, and the middle part of the constraint plate 311 can be scraped to further clean the surface of the constraint plate 311.

[0091] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A 3D printing device, comprising a device body (1), wherein the device body (1) comprises a frame (11), a drive unit (12), a feeding unit (13) and a printing unit (14), characterized in that: The driving unit (12) is located inside the frame (11) and is used to drive the printing unit (14) to adjust the printing position; The printing unit (14) comprises a heating mechanism (141) and a spraying mechanism (142), wherein the heating mechanism (141) is capable of heating the printing material driven by the feeding unit (13), and the spraying mechanism (142) is capable of spraying the printing material heated to a semi-liquid state for printing; The bottom of the spraying mechanism (142) is connected to a regulating mechanism (2), the spraying mechanism (142) comprises a nozzle (1423), and a side of the regulating mechanism (2) close to the nozzle (1423) is connected to a binding plate mechanism (3) for limiting the flow position of the printing material, the regulating mechanism (2) drives the binding plate mechanism (3) to adjust the position, so as to achieve flow restrictions at different heights, and at the same time, can scrape and remove the printing material remaining on the surface of the binding plate mechanism (3); The spraying mechanism (142) further comprises a spray pipe (1422) connected to the bottom of the heating mechanism (141); the bottom end of the spray pipe (1422) is connected to a spray head (1423); and a mounting plate (1421) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of one end of the spray pipe (1422) close to the spray head (1423); The plate binding mechanism (3) comprises two triangular pieces (31) located at the side ends of the nozzle (1423), the triangular pieces (31) comprising a restraining plate (311), a bending plate (312) and a plug-in plate (313), the bottom of the restraining plate (311) being rotatably connected to the top of one end of the bending plate (312), a plurality of double-flow fans (33) being installed inside a side of the bending plate (312) away from the restraining plate (311), the top of the restraining plate (311) being movably connected to the plug-in plate (313) via a rotating shaft, the two restraining plates (311) being symmetrically arranged, a printing chamber (32) being formed between the two restraining plates (311), and the two restraining plates (311) being made of metal.

2. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism (2) comprises a driven gear (22) movably sleeved on the surface of one end of the nozzle (1422) close to the nozzle (1423); an extension slide rod (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the driven gear (22); an end of the extension slide rod (26) away from the driven gear (22) slides on the bottom of the mounting plate (1421); a driving gear (21) is meshingly connected to the surface of the driven gear (22); the driving gear (21) is coaxially connected to a driving motor; and the driving motor is fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting plate (1421); Two telescopic rods (23) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the driven gear (22); the telescopic ends of the two telescopic rods (23) are respectively fixedly connected to a bottom plate (24); the ends of the two bottom plates (24) close to the nozzle (1423) are provided with side grooves (25); the end of the plug-in plate (313) away from the constraint plate (311) is plugged into the inside of the side groove (25); and the end of the bending plate (312) away from the constraint plate (311) is fixedly connected to the end of the bottom plate (24) away from the telescopic rod (23).

3. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide surface (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom plate (24), and one end of the guide surface (4) close to the bending plate (312) is in an inclined state.

4. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving unit (12) comprises a bottom shaft (121) mounted at the lower end of the inner cavity of the frame body (11); a printing panel (122) is mounted on the surface of the bottom shaft (121); the inner walls of the four vertical rods at the four corners of the frame body (11) are each provided with a height adjustment rail groove (125); a height adjustment rod (124) is slidably mounted between two adjacent height adjustment rail grooves (125); a cross bar (123) is slidably mounted between the two height adjustment rods (124); and a support member (126) is slidably mounted on the surface of the cross bar (123).

5. The 3D printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding unit (13) comprises a printing material winding roller (131) mounted on the side end of the frame (11); a platform (132) is mounted on the top of the support member (126); and a gear stepping structure (133) for conveying strip-shaped printing materials is mounted inside the platform (132).

6. The 3D printing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating mechanism (141) comprises a frame (1411) mounted on the surface of a support member (126); a heating tube (1412) is arranged inside the frame (1411); the top of the nozzle (1422) is connected to the bottom of the heating tube (1412); and a radiator (1413) is installed at the side end of the frame (1411).

7. A printing method for making handicrafts, using the 3D printing device described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Creating a 3D model to be printed by computer-aided design, and importing it into the device body (1), and controlling the position of the spraying mechanism (142) by the driving unit (12); S2. At the same time, the feeding unit (13) and the heating mechanism (141) are started to transport and heat the printing material. The heated printing material enters the nozzle (1422) in a semi-liquid state and is extruded through the nozzle (1423); S3. When the 3D model is printed, the telescopic rod (23) is in an extended state, the bottom plate (24) drives the constraint plate (311) to be located at the side end of the nozzle (1423), and the printing material extruded from the nozzle (1423) can be limited in flow position by the printing cavity (32) formed by the two constraint plates (311); S4. At the same time, the double-flow fan (33) in the bending plate (312) is started, and the double-flow fan (33) blows the constraint plate (311), driving the temperature of the surface of the constraint plate (311) to decrease, so that the printing material in the printing cavity (32) can be cooled faster and the situation of sticking to the surface of the constraint plate (311) can be reduced. With the help of the guide surface (4), the wind direction position of another blowing channel of the double-flow fan (33) can be adjusted so that it can blow and cool the printed object; S5. When the height of the printing chamber (32) needs to be adjusted, the telescopic rod (23) is controlled to be lifted and retracted, thereby driving the restraining plate (311) to slide along the outer wall of the nozzle (1423), thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the height of the printing chamber (32); S6. After printing is completed, the telescopic rod (23) is retracted again to drive the bottom plate (24) to rise to the highest position. At this time, the bending plate (312) can be flush with the bottom of the nozzle (1423), and the middle part of the constraint plate (311) can be scraped to further clean the surface of the constraint plate (311).

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