Impact-resistant fluoride-free transparent front plate

Abstract

The impact-resistant fluoride-free transparent front plate comprises an environment-friendly weather-proof layer, a PC supporting layer, an internal bonding layer and a PET waterproof layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the environment-friendly weather-proof layer comprises a nanometer organic silicon ceramic coating and an anti-ultraviolet coating. Matrix resin of the nano organic silicon ceramic coating is organic polysiloxane resin formed by hydrolytic condensation of polysiloxane monomers, an anti-ultraviolet coating is arranged below the nano organic silicon ceramic coating, the anti-ultraviolet coating is a transparent coating, and ultraviolet radiation is blocked through the anti-ultraviolet coating after the nano organic silicon ceramic coating is subjected to anti-reflection. The PC supporting layer is made of polycarbonate, the photovoltaic module is supported through the PC supporting layer, the PET waterproof layer is made of a high-temperature-resistant and hydrolysis-resistant PET polyester film, and water vapor is blocked through the PET waterproof layer. Compared with a traditional transparent front plate, the environment-friendly weather-proof layer, the PC supporting layer, the internal bonding layer, the PET waterproof layer and other multi-layer structures are combined, and a brand-new composite material system is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic front plates, and in particular relates to an impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate. Background Art

[0002] With the growing demand for renewable energy, solar energy, as a green energy source that is both stable and efficient, has become one of the key ways to solve energy challenges. Currently, the solar panels widely used on the market, including the protective films of the front panel and / or back panel, often use fluorinated polymer materials. Although such fluorinated films are excellent in weather resistance and anti-pollution, they are expensive, and fluorinated compounds may cause serious harm to the environment. In addition, photovoltaic panels are a core component of solar power generation systems. However, as disclosed in the CN115812034A patent, traditional photovoltaic panels usually use thicker glass (such as tempered glass) as the front panel, and the thickness is often more than 3mm. This not only increases the weight of the photovoltaic panels, resulting in increased transportation and installation costs, but also requires sufficient load-bearing requirements at the installation site, which does not meet the needs of lightweight installation and may also pose a threat to the safety of the roof structure.

[0003] In current photovoltaic technology, glass is the mainstream choice for photovoltaic front panels, mainly due to its excellent mechanical strength and light transmittance. Glass back panels are favored for their high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and chemical stability, which together ensure effective protection of solar cells, and their high transparency helps to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic modules in absorbing sunlight. The long-term stability and durability of glass also consolidate its position as the preferred material for photovoltaic back panels. Although glass back panels have many advantages, such as high strength and transparency, the problem of their heavy weight cannot be ignored.

[0004] At the same time, thin-film photovoltaic front panels also have a place in the market, which are mainly divided into coating type and composite type. Its structural design usually includes a film surface coating, a PET base layer and an air surface coating. In order to improve the weather resistance of photovoltaic back panels, the commonly used coating material is fluorine-containing resin. However, fluorine-containing resins are difficult to degrade because they contain stable fluorine-carbon bonds and their curing process requires high energy consumption. In addition, fluorine-containing photovoltaic back panels will produce highly toxic hydrogen fluoride gas when burned, posing a serious threat to humans and the environment.

[0005] In view of this, in order to reduce the environmental pollution and energy consumption of fluorine-containing resin coatings, researchers are working hard to develop fluorine-free photovoltaic front sheets. However, existing fluorine-free photovoltaic front sheets are often unsatisfactory in terms of weather resistance, corrosion resistance and impact resistance, and these performance defects may have an adverse effect on the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic cells.

[0006] In order to reduce the environmental pollution and energy consumption caused by fluorine-containing resin coatings, researchers are actively promoting the development of fluorine-free photovoltaic front sheets. However, current fluorine-free options often have deficiencies in weather resistance, corrosion resistance and impact resistance, and these performance defects may have a negative impact on the power generation efficiency and power generation stability of photovoltaic cells. At the same time, the weight of the glass front sheet cannot be ignored. It increases the overall weight of the photovoltaic module, resulting in increased transportation, installation and maintenance costs, while also increasing the risk of damage under extreme weather conditions, affecting the durability and reliability of the module. In addition, the rigidity and weight of glass limit its use in flexible photovoltaic applications, thereby limiting the flexibility and application range of photovoltaic module design. Therefore, finding lightweight, strong and cost-effective alternative materials has become the key to the development of photovoltaic front sheet technology. Most of the flexible front sheets on the market currently contain fluorine materials. Although these materials provide excellent waterproof, oil-proof and corrosion-resistant properties, they may cause environmental pollution during their production and use, especially when they are disposed of, they may contaminate soil and water sources. In addition, their impact resistance is poor. Therefore, although lightweight fluorine-containing backsheets have weight advantages, their environmental risks have prompted the industry to seek more environmentally friendly fluorine-free alternative materials. The development of high-strength fluorine-free photovoltaic front sheet materials that are both lightweight and environmentally friendly has become an important research direction in the field of photovoltaic technology.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention proposes an impact-resistant and fluorine-free transparent front panel, which effectively solves the problem that the existing photovoltaic front panel technology cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of light weight and environmental protection. In addition, the invention has excellent weather resistance, sustainability, water resistance, electrical insulation and anti-fouling capabilities while maintaining high hardness and high scratch resistance. The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: an impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate comprises an environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer, a PC support layer, an internal bonding layer and a PET water-blocking layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer comprises a nano-organic silicon ceramic coating and an anti-ultraviolet coating, the main resin of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating is an organic polysiloxane resin formed by hydrolysis and condensation of a polysiloxane monomer, an anti-ultraviolet coating is provided below the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating, the anti-ultraviolet coating is a transparent coating, the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating is subjected to anti-reflection and then blocks ultraviolet radiation through the anti-ultraviolet coating, the PC support layer adopts polycarbonate, and a photovoltaic module is supported by the PC support layer, the PET water-blocking layer adopts a high temperature and hydrolysis-resistant PET polyester film, and water vapor is blocked by the PET water-blocking layer.

[0009] Compared with the traditional transparent front plate, the present application forms a new composite material system by combining a multi-layer structure including an environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer, a PC support layer, an internal adhesive layer and a PET water-blocking layer. This multi-layer design not only enhances the overall performance of the front plate, but also improves its impact resistance and durability. In the prior art, a single material or a combination of fewer layers is usually used, resulting in limited performance of the transparent front plate in terms of impact resistance and environmental adaptability.

[0010] The specific composition of the environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer is also a highlight of this application. This layer includes a nano-organic silicon ceramic coating and an anti-ultraviolet coating, wherein the main resin of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating is an organic polysiloxane resin formed by hydrolysis and condensation of polysiloxane monomers. The choice of this material enables the front panel to have better weather resistance and UV resistance in terms of protective performance. Traditional transparent front panel technology for UV protection often relies on organic coatings, while this application achieves more efficient UV blocking function and light transmittance through the combination of the anti-reflection treatment of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating and the anti-ultraviolet coating. This innovative material combination not only improves the service life of the product, but also reduces the impact on the environment, meeting modern environmental protection needs.

[0011] The selection of PC support layer also demonstrates the uniqueness of this application. Polycarbonate (PC) is an ideal material for the support layer due to its excellent impact resistance and transparency. Compared with traditional materials, polycarbonate can effectively withstand external impact and provide good support in photovoltaic modules. At the same time, its lightweight characteristics also help to reduce the weight of the overall product and improve the convenience of installation and use.

[0012] The design of the PET water-blocking layer is also of great significance. This layer uses a high-temperature and hydrolysis-resistant PET polyester film, which can effectively block water vapor and prevent moisture from damaging the internal structure. Traditional transparent front panels often have deficiencies in waterproof performance, resulting in reduced performance due to water vapor penetration after long-term use. This application solves this technical problem by introducing a high-performance PET water-blocking layer, ensuring the stability and reliability of the product in a humid environment.

[0013] The impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front panel of the present application significantly improves the product's impact resistance, durability and environmental friendliness through the application of multi-layer composite structure and new materials. This innovative design not only meets the functional requirements of photovoltaic modules, but also provides users with higher safety and economy. Compared with the prior art, the front panel of the present application has obvious advantages in weather resistance, UV resistance, water resistance and other aspects, effectively solving the shortcomings of traditional materials in these aspects, and has broad market application potential.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating has a thickness of 5-30 um, preferably 8-12 um, and the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating covers the surface of the anti-ultraviolet coating.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the anti-UV coating adopts an inorganic nano-scale ultraviolet absorber, and the ultraviolet absorber is a water-based long-lasting anti-UV coating. The ultraviolet absorber blocks ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 200-400nm, and the thickness of the anti-UV coating is consistent with that of the nano-silicon ceramic coating.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the PC support layer has a thickness of 0.1mm-2mm, the PC support layer adopts a light-transmitting material, the PET water-blocking layer has a thickness of 10-100um, the internal adhesive layer adopts a high-temperature resistant polyurethane transparent adhesive or a high-temperature resistant acrylic adhesive, and the thickness of the internal adhesive layer is 5-100um, preferably 20um.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the impact strength of the PC support layer is 40-800 MPa, and the light transmittance of the PC support layer exceeds 90%.

[0018] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the front panel uses polycarbonate material as a supporting layer to ensure the overall impact strength and hardness of the back panel, and the hydrolysis-resistant PET film in the middle ensures low water vapor transmission rate and excellent insulation performance. The lightweight photovoltaic front panel uses the hydrolysis-resistant PET film in the middle layer to achieve the water vapor barrier function, and an anti-ultraviolet coating is applied on the surface of the PC layer to achieve UV protection and improve aging resistance, thereby extending the service life. This front panel does not contain fluorine elements, which not only achieves waterproof and anti-ultraviolet effects, but also avoids fluorine elements from polluting the atmosphere.

[0019] The transparent film and glue layer in the weather-resistant layer both show excellent UV blocking ability and can effectively protect the inner layer materials. In addition, the PC layer used in the weather-resistant layer and the support layer can not only provide support, but also provide a certain UV blocking effect. By setting a PC support layer, the present invention not only solves the problem that a single polymer material itself is not impact-resistant, but also achieves lightweight and provides higher impact resistance. The setting of the transparent coating and the bonding layer effectively ensures that the layers will not have delamination failure problems during use. After being exposed to 500kWh of UV radiation, the weather-resistant layer still maintains more than 95% of its UV blocking ability, effectively preventing the inner layer material from yellowing, ensuring that the power generation of the components is not affected, and thus improving the power generation efficiency.

[0020] The impact-resistant transparent packaging front plate of the present invention has anti-reflection components added to the joints of each layer and the outermost structure, which can ensure that the initial light transmittance reaches 80%, the ultraviolet blocking rate reaches 99%, and meets the test requirements of 25m hail impact in the IEC61215 test standard. While ensuring the light transmittance performance, it can also avoid the problems of poor impact resistance and weather-intolerant materials and easy yellowing in existing front plates. This impact-resistant transparent packaging front plate is mainly used in the photovoltaic field. After lamination with an adhesive film, it is used as the front plate of a photovoltaic module. It can be used as a lightweight component for roofs, curtain walls, etc. with weak load-bearing capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, 1-environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer; 11-nano-silicon ceramic coating, 12-anti-ultraviolet coating; 2-PC support layer; 3-internal adhesive layer; 4-PET water-blocking layer; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example:

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, an impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate includes an environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer 1, a PC support layer 2, an internal bonding layer 3 and a PET water-blocking layer 4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer 1 includes a nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 and an anti-ultraviolet coating 12, the main resin of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 is an organic polysiloxane resin formed by hydrolysis and condensation of polysiloxane monomers, the anti-ultraviolet coating 12 is below the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11, the anti-ultraviolet coating 12 is a transparent coating, the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 is subjected to anti-reflection and then blocks ultraviolet radiation through the anti-ultraviolet coating 12, the PC support layer 2 is made of polycarbonate, and the photovoltaic module is supported by the PC support layer 2, the PET water-blocking layer 4 is made of a high temperature and hydrolysis-resistant PET polyester film, and the PET water-blocking layer 4 blocks water vapor.

[0027] The design of the impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front panel adopts a multi-layer composite material structure to provide superior protection and performance for photovoltaic modules. Its working principle is mainly to achieve the weather resistance, impact resistance and water vapor barrier function of photovoltaic modules through the mutual cooperation of the characteristics of each layer of materials. The environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer 1 is the top layer, which first resists the influence of the external environment. It is composed of a nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 and an anti-ultraviolet coating 12. The nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 uses an organic polysiloxane resin formed by hydrolysis and condensation of polysiloxane monomers, and has excellent weather resistance and transparency. Through the anti-reflection treatment, the coating can increase the transmittance of light and improve the energy collection efficiency of photovoltaic modules. The anti-ultraviolet coating 12 is a transparent protective layer that can effectively block ultraviolet radiation and prevent the aging and performance degradation of photovoltaic modules caused by ultraviolet radiation, thereby extending the service life of the module. The PC support layer 2 is made of polycarbonate material, which has good impact resistance and strength, and can provide the necessary support for photovoltaic modules while maintaining a lightweight design and reducing the installation burden. The transparency of polycarbonate also helps to maximize the use of light and ensure the efficiency of photovoltaic modules. The internal adhesive layer 3 connects and fixes the various layers of materials to ensure the structural stability of the entire front panel. In addition, the PET water-blocking layer 4, as the last layer, uses a high temperature and hydrolysis-resistant PET polyester film to effectively block the penetration of water vapor, prevent water vapor from damaging the internal circuit of the photovoltaic module, and ensure the long-term reliability of the system.

[0028] In terms of the installation process, the surface of the photovoltaic module must first be cleaned to ensure that it is dust-free and oil-free, so as to facilitate the bonding of the various layers of materials. Next, the environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer 1 is installed. First, the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 is applied. After it dries, the anti-ultraviolet coating 12 is applied to ensure a good combination between the two. At this time, the drying time of the coating and the ambient humidity must be strictly controlled to achieve the best adhesion effect. Subsequently, the PC support layer 2 is installed to ensure that it is firmly bonded to the coating to avoid peeling in subsequent use. The installation of this layer may require the use of a special adhesive to ensure its stability and durability. Next, the internal bonding layer 3 is evenly applied to the surface of the PC support layer 2 to ensure that it can effectively bond with the PET water-blocking layer 4 of the lower layer. Finally, the PET water-blocking layer 4 is installed to ensure that it is completely covered on the internal bonding layer 3, and appropriate edge sealing is performed at the edges to prevent water vapor penetration. The entire installation process needs to be carried out in a clean room or dust-free environment to reduce the risk of contamination and ensure the performance and life of the front panel.

[0029] After installation, strict quality inspections are required, including light transmittance test, impact test and water vapor permeation test, to ensure that the front panel meets the design standards. Through this series of working principles and installation processes, the impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front panel can effectively improve the overall performance of photovoltaic modules, ensure their reliability and durability under various environmental conditions, and thus play an important role in the photovoltaic industry.

[0030] The present invention relates to a new type of high-strength fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel technology, aiming to provide an environmentally friendly and efficient photovoltaic module. The fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel is composed of a multi-layer structure, each layer plays a specific role to improve the overall performance and sustainability. The top layer is an environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer, which adopts a nano-organic silicon ceramic coating. This coating is not only environmentally friendly, but also has excellent weather resistance and durability. Below it is an anti-ultraviolet coating, which is a UV absorber, which increases the anti-ultraviolet ability of the front panel, reduces the risk of yellowing, and improves weather resistance. Below is a PC support layer that increases the strength and rigidity of the front panel, while providing good impact resistance.

[0031] The PET layer is located below the PC support layer, which helps to reduce water vapor permeability, thereby improving the environmental adaptability and weather resistance of photovoltaic modules. The internal bonding layer is responsible for firmly bonding the entire front panel structure together to ensure long-term stability and durability. Through this structural design, the fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel not only reduces weight and achieves lightweight, but also reduces transportation and installation costs, while reducing the load-bearing requirements on the roof and improving the safety of the roof. In general, this fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel technology provides an environmentally friendly and efficient photovoltaic module solution. While maintaining high hardness and high scratch resistance, it also has excellent weather resistance, sustainability, water resistance, electrical insulation and anti-fouling properties, which helps to maximize power generation efficiency and provide stable support and protection for photovoltaic modules.

[0032] Among them, the environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer 1 includes a nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 (Sanjin ST-18) and an anti-ultraviolet coating 12 (Huzheng ZW-T001). The weather-resistant layer can be composited on the surface of the weather-resistant layer by a brushing method or a physical vapor deposition method such as vacuum evaporation and ion plating. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the weather-resistant layer can provide good ultraviolet blocking ability and weather resistance for the impact-resistant transparent encapsulation front plate, and is located on the upper surface of the entire fluorine-free photovoltaic front plate, facing the external air. In an example of this embodiment, the coating has excellent water resistance, impact resistance and electrical insulation properties, and is more environmentally friendly than fluorine-containing polymer materials, has excellent long-term heat aging resistance, and is superior to traditional fluorine-containing photovoltaic panels in stability and reliability. In addition, the coating has low surface energy, a smooth surface, a self-cleaning function, can play an anti-fouling role, and enables the photovoltaic module to maintain a high light transmittance for a long time, so it can effectively improve the power generation efficiency. The weather-resistant layer can be applied by brushing or physical vapor deposition techniques such as vacuum evaporation, ion plating, etc. The weather-resistant layer in the present invention provides excellent UV blocking and weather resistance for the transparent encapsulation front plate, and is located on the upper surface of the front plate, directly facing the external environment. Specifically, the total thickness of the environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer 1 is 10-60um, more preferably 20-30um.

[0033] The nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 has a thickness of 5-30 um, preferably 8-12 um, and covers the surface of the anti-ultraviolet coating 12. The anti-ultraviolet coating 12 uses an inorganic nano-scale ultraviolet absorber, which is a water-based long-acting anti-ultraviolet coating. The ultraviolet absorber blocks ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 200-400 nm, and the thickness of the anti-ultraviolet coating 12 is consistent with that of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating.

[0034] Specifically, the main resin of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 is an organic polysiloxane resin formed by hydrolysis and condensation of polysiloxane monomers, which has the characteristics of high hardness and high wear resistance after being formed, so the coating can play a good protective role. The nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 can play a good role in enhancing transmittance, and can also play a role in wear resistance and increasing the surface hardness of the material. The anti-ultraviolet coating 12 can well block ultraviolet radiation, delay the yellowing of the components, and extend the life of the components. Specifically, the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating is a transparent coating with good light transmittance, which can ensure the high light utilization rate of the photovoltaic components. The thickness of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating 11 is preferably 5-30um, and more preferably 8-12um. The anti-ultraviolet coating 12 is an inorganic nano-scale ultraviolet absorber and a water-based long-lasting anti-ultraviolet coating. It can effectively block ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 200-400nm, with a blocking rate of 99%. At the same time, the coating has high transparency and hardness. The thickness of the anti-ultraviolet coating 12 is preferably 5-30 um, more preferably 8-12 um.

[0035] The PC support layer 2 has a thickness of 0.1mm-2mm, the PC support layer adopts a light-transmitting material, the PET water-blocking layer 4 has a thickness of 10-100um, the internal adhesive layer 3 adopts a high-temperature resistant polyurethane transparent adhesive or a high-temperature resistant acrylic adhesive, and the thickness of the internal adhesive layer 3 is 5-100um, preferably 20um.

[0036] The supporting layer 2 is PC material, that is, polycarbonate material. The thickness is preferably 0.1mm-2mm. This layer of PC sheet plays a supporting role to ensure that the fluorine-free photovoltaic front plate plays a certain supporting and protective role for the entire photovoltaic module. First of all, it has extremely high impact resistance and can withstand large external force impact without easily breaking. Its impact strength is 250-300 times that of ordinary glass and 2-20 times that of tempered glass, which can effectively prevent damage to components caused by accidental impact. Secondly, the PC front plate material has excellent light transmittance, and the light transmittance is as high as more than 90%, which makes it an excellent transparent material that can ensure the power generation efficiency of the component. Thirdly, the PC front plate also has good fire resistance and environmental protection performance, and meets the national fire retardant standard GB 8624-2012. Finally, the PC front plate material is light in weight, and its weight is only half that of glass at the same volume. Therefore, the PC support layer 2 can play a good supporting role to improve the strength of the fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel, achieve the lightweight of the fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel, reduce the transportation and installation labor costs of the photovoltaic modules, and meet the needs of lightweight installation.

[0037] The PET water-blocking layer 4 is a high temperature and hydrolysis-resistant PET polyester film. The thickness of the PET film is preferably 10-100um, and the PET layer plays a role in blocking water vapor to ensure that the front plate has a high water vapor barrier rate. If the water vapor permeability of the front plate is large, that is, the barrier to water vapor (moisture) in the outside air is poor, then moisture will penetrate into the back plate to the inside of the solar back plate, causing the adhesive properties of the film to deteriorate, resulting in the front plate and the film being separated, resulting in more moisture contacting the battery cell and causing the battery cell to be oxidized, affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0038] The adhesive layer 3 is provided to ensure that the layers can be firmly and stably connected. Specifically, the adhesive layer is preferably a high temperature resistant polyurethane transparent adhesive or a high temperature resistant acrylic adhesive. The adhesive layer 3 can play a good bonding role on the PC support layer 2 and the PET water-blocking layer 4, making the interlayer connection more firm and stable. The thickness of the adhesive layer 3 is 5-100 um, preferably 20 um.

[0039] The impact strength of the PC support layer 2 is 40-800MPa, and the light transmittance of the PC support layer 2 exceeds 90%. Compared with fluorine-containing photovoltaic panels, the fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel can reduce damage to the environment and is more environmentally friendly; compared with traditional fluorine-containing photovoltaic panels, the fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel is provided with a weather-resistant layer 1 that contacts the external air, so it can have higher hardness and wear resistance, and also has the same water resistance, weather resistance and UV resistance as fluorine-containing photovoltaic panels, and can also give the fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel excellent self-cleaning ability, so that the photovoltaic module is not affected by dust, bird droppings, etc. in the air, so that the photovoltaic module can maintain high cleanliness and high light transmittance for a long time, thereby maximizing the power generation efficiency. Further, compared with the existing glass photovoltaic front panel, the fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel of this embodiment can also greatly reduce the weight of the photovoltaic front panel through the combination of the PC support layer 2 and the PET water-blocking layer 4, realize lightweight, reduce the labor cost of transportation and installation, and can realize the light installation of the roof and improve safety. At the same time, it solves the problem of insufficient impact resistance of existing glass-free lightweight photovoltaic front panels, can effectively protect the long-term and stable use requirements of photovoltaic modules, and provides stable support and protection for the entire photovoltaic module while reducing the weight of the photovoltaic module. The load-bearing requirements of the fluorine-free photovoltaic front panel on the roof are also much lower than those of conventional glass front panels, and the roof safety is also higher.

[0040] This embodiment introduces a lightweight fluorine-free photovoltaic front sheet, which is suitable for lightweight photovoltaic modules. Compared with fluorine-containing photovoltaic panels, this fluorine-free photovoltaic front sheet reduces damage to the environment and is more environmentally friendly. It is specially designed with a weather-resistant layer 1 facing the outside, which gives the front sheet higher hardness and wear resistance, while maintaining the water resistance, weather resistance and UV resistance of fluorine-containing photovoltaic panels. In addition, it also has good self-cleaning ability, which can protect photovoltaic modules from pollutants such as dust and bird droppings, maintain high cleanliness and light transmittance, and maximize power generation efficiency.

[0041] The front panel uses polycarbonate material as the support layer to ensure the overall impact strength and hardness of the back panel, and the hydrolysis-resistant PET film in the middle ensures low water vapor transmission rate and excellent insulation performance. The lightweight photovoltaic front panel uses the hydrolysis-resistant PET film in the middle layer to achieve water vapor resistance, and applies an anti-UV coating on the surface of the PC layer to achieve UV protection and improve aging resistance, thereby extending the service life. This front panel does not contain fluorine elements, which not only achieves waterproof and anti-ultraviolet effects, but also avoids fluorine elements from polluting the atmosphere.

[0042] According to a specific implementation scheme of the present application, the transparent film and the glue layer in the weather-resistant layer both exhibit excellent UV blocking capabilities and can effectively protect the inner layer materials. In addition, the PC layer used in the weather-resistant layer and the support layer can not only provide support, but also provide a certain UV blocking effect. By setting a PC support layer, the present invention not only solves the problem that a single polymer material itself is not impact-resistant, but also achieves lightweight and provides higher impact resistance. The setting of the transparent coating and the bonding layer effectively ensures that the layers will not fail due to delamination during use. After being exposed to 500kWh of UV radiation, the weather-resistant layer still maintains more than 95% of its UV blocking capability, effectively preventing the inner layer material from yellowing, ensuring that the power generation of the component is not affected, and thus improving the power generation efficiency.

[0043] The impact-resistant transparent packaging front plate of the present invention has anti-reflection components added to the joints of each layer and the outermost structure, which can ensure that the initial light transmittance reaches 80%, the ultraviolet blocking rate reaches 99%, and meets the test requirements of 25m hail impact in the IEC61215 test standard. While ensuring the light transmittance performance, it can also avoid the problems of poor impact resistance and material non-weather resistance and easy yellowing in the existing front plate.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate, characterized in that: The invention comprises an environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer (1), a PC support layer (2), an internal bonding layer (3) and a PET water-blocking layer (4) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The environmentally friendly weather-resistant layer (1) comprises a nano-organic silicon ceramic coating (11) and an anti-ultraviolet coating (12). The main resin of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating (11) is an organic polysiloxane resin formed by hydrolysis and condensation of polysiloxane monomers. The anti-ultraviolet coating (12) is located below the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating (11). The anti-ultraviolet coating (12) is a transparent coating. After the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating (11) is enhanced in transmittance, the anti-ultraviolet coating (12) blocks ultraviolet radiation. The PC support layer (2) adopts polycarbonate and supports the photovoltaic module through the PC support layer (2). The PET water-blocking layer (4) adopts a high-temperature and hydrolysis-resistant PET polyester film and blocks water vapor through the PET water-blocking layer (4).

2. The impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-organic silicon ceramic coating (11) has a thickness of 5-30 um, preferably 8-12 um, and the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating (11) covers the surface of the anti-ultraviolet coating (12).

3. The impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-ultraviolet coating (12) uses an inorganic nano-scale ultraviolet absorber, which is a water-based long-acting anti-ultraviolet coating. The ultraviolet absorber blocks ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 200-400nm. The thickness of the anti-ultraviolet coating (12) is consistent with that of the nano-organic silicon ceramic coating.

4. The impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PC support layer (2) has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and the PC support layer is made of a light-transmitting material. The PET water-blocking layer (4) has a thickness of 10 to 100 μm. The internal adhesive layer (3) is made of a high-temperature resistant polyurethane transparent adhesive or a high-temperature resistant acrylic adhesive. The internal adhesive layer (3) has a thickness of 5 to 100 μm, preferably 20 μm.

5. The impact-resistant fluorine-free transparent front plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impact strength of the PC support layer (2) is 40-800 MPa, and the light transmittance of the PC support layer (2) exceeds 90%.

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