A mineral-source medium-volume non-water-soluble element fertilizer and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of mineral fertilizers, which includes granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder and molasses; the mass fraction of molasses is 1% - 10%. The advantages of the present invention are as follows: the integrity of the fertilizer granules can reach more than 70%, and the fertilizer granules are very easy to disintegrate when encountering water, which is easy to absorb, and even after long-term storage, it will not cause caking on the surface of the fertilizer granules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mineral fertilizers, and particularly relates to a mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizers refer to fertilizers prepared from mineral powders containing medium elements that are insoluble in ordinary water, and have the characteristics of long-lasting fertilizer efficiency, not being easily lost and leached away. Common ones are granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder water-insoluble weight element fertilizers. In order to facilitate packaging, reduce dust pollution during storage and transportation, and reduce the escape loss during fertilizer application, mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizers are usually made into granular fertilizers through a granulation process. However, since granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder belongs to sandy active materials and has basically no viscosity, it is very difficult to granulate. In order to complete the granulation process, additives need to be added to enhance the viscosity of the material and improve the granulation effect. Currently, common additives for mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizers either have poor viscosity and poor granulation effect, or will cause the fertilizer particles to become caked and hardened after storage, resulting in the fertilizer not disintegrating after application and the crops being unable to absorb the nutrients of the fertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, the integrity of the fertilizer particles can reach more than 70%, and the fertilizer particles are very easy to disintegrate, easy to absorb, and will not cause caking on the surface of the fertilizer particles even after long-term storage.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention discloses a mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer, comprising granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder and molasses; the mass fraction of the molasses is 1% - 10%.

[0005] Further, it further comprises one or more of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and potassium chloride.

[0006] Further, by mass percentage, it comprises 3% - 10% molasses, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

[0007] Further, by mass percentage, it comprises 1% - 5% molasses, 3% - 5% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

[0008] Further, by mass percentage, it comprises 1% - 5% molasses, 2% - 10% potassium chloride, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

[0009] Further, it further comprises 0.05% - 0.1% dispersant.

[0010] Further, the dispersant comprises one or more of sodium benzenesulfonate and lignocellulose.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes trace elements.

[0012] Furthermore, the particle size of the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder is 100 - 200 mesh, and the water content is less than 1%.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a preparation method of a mineral - sourced non - water - soluble medium - amount element fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Mixing materials: Add other ingredients except the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder to the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder according to the corresponding ratio, and add 5% - 7% of the total powder weight of water, and stir evenly;

[0015] S2. Extrusion granulation: Place the uniformly mixed materials in an extrusion granulator for extrusion granulation;

[0016] S3. Screening: Screen the fertilizer particles that meet the particle size requirements;

[0017] S4. Drying: Place the screened fertilizer particles in a drying device for drying;

[0018] S5. Secondary screening: Conduct secondary screening on the dried fertilizer;

[0019] S6. Packaging.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] 1. For the mineral - sourced non - water - soluble medium - amount element fertilizer of the present invention, the unique formula makes the viscosity of the materials appropriate, easy to granulate, and not easy to break during drying. The integrity of the fertilizer particles in the whole processing process can reach more than 70%, and even can reach more than 85%; the fertilizer particles are very easy to disintegrate and are easy to absorb, and even if stored for a long time, it will not cause caking on the surface of the fertilizer particles.

[0022] The mineral - sourced non - water - soluble medium - amount element fertilizers on the market cannot disintegrate as long as they are stored for two weeks. However, for the mineral - sourced non - water - soluble medium - amount element fertilizer in the present invention, since the successful experiment, the earliest samples have been stored at room temperature for about one year. During this period, dissolution tests were conducted at intervals, and it was found that they could all disintegrate quickly, and the disintegration rate reached 100%. This shows that the mineral - sourced non - water - soluble medium - amount element fertilizer in this application can be stored for at least one year or more, and even can be stored for a longer time, and it still does not affect the application and absorption of the fertilizer.

[0023] 2. Due to the high integrity of the particles, most of the materials do not need to be repeatedly added with water, granulated, and dried, which can avoid changes in the properties of the materials during the processing.

[0024] 3. Molasses contains various components such as organic acids, amino acids, and trace elements. These components have a promoting effect on plant growth, and can increase the fertilizer efficiency, nutritional value, and utilization rate of the fertilizer. Specific embodiments

[0025] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] A mineral-source water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer. In one embodiment, by mass percentage, it includes 3%-10% molasses, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder. The granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder has a particle size of 100-200 mesh and a water content of less than 1%.

[0027] In another embodiment, 0.05%-0.1% of a dispersant can also be added. The dispersant can be sodium benzenesulfonate, lignocellulose or other dispersants.

[0028] In another embodiment, trace elements can also be added as needed. The trace elements include but are not limited to zinc, manganese, boron, and molybdenum.

[0029] A mineral-source water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer. In one embodiment, by mass percentage, it includes 1%-5% molasses, 3%-5% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder. The granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder has a particle size of 100-200 mesh and a water content of less than 1%. Adding a certain amount of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate can also play a certain binding role, and on the premise of ensuring the disintegration effect, the addition amount of molasses can be reduced, and the production cost can be reduced.

[0030] In another embodiment, 0.05%-0.1% of a dispersant can also be added. The dispersant can be sodium benzenesulfonate, lignocellulose or other dispersants.

[0031] In another embodiment, trace elements can also be added as needed. The trace elements include but are not limited to zinc, manganese, boron, and molybdenum.

[0032] A mineral-source water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer. In one embodiment, by mass percentage, it includes 1%-5% molasses, 2%-10% potassium chloride, and the balance is granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder. The granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder has a particle size of 100-200 mesh and a water content of less than 1%. Adding a certain amount of potassium chloride can also play a certain binding role. On the premise of ensuring the disintegration effect, it can also provide rich potassium elements for crops and improve the fertility of the fertilizer.

[0033] In another embodiment, 0.05%-0.1% of a dispersant can also be added. The dispersant can be sodium benzenesulfonate, lignocellulose or other dispersants.

[0034] In another embodiment, trace elements can also be added as needed. The trace elements include but are not limited to zinc, manganese, boron, and molybdenum.

[0035] A preparation method of a mineral-source water-insoluble medium-element fertilizer. In one embodiment, it includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. Mixing: Add other ingredients except granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder to the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder according to the corresponding ratio, and add 5%-7% of the total powder weight of water, and stir evenly; when mixing, a segmented stirring and non-continuous discharging method can make the stirring more uniform;

[0037] S2. Extrusion granulation: Place the uniformly mixed material in an extrusion granulator for extrusion granulation;

[0038] S3. Screening: Screen fertilizer particles with a particle size of more than 2 mm;

[0039] S4. Drying: Place the screened fertilizer particles in a drying device for drying;

[0040] S5. Secondary screening: Conduct secondary screening on the dried fertilizer;

[0041] S6. Packaging.

[0042] Experiment 1. Granulation integrity test

[0043] The applicant conducted multiple medium-scale production tests. In the tests, the components in the mineral-source water-insoluble medium-sized element fertilizer were 5% molasses, 3% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1% sodium benzenesulfonate by mass percentage, and the balance was granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder. The weight of the water added during mixing was 5% of the total powder weight. Weigh the total feeding weight of the material after adding water and stirring evenly. The size of the granulation pit of the extrusion granulator is 3.8 mm. Pass all the fertilizer after extrusion granulation and drying through a 2.0 mm sieve, screen out the qualified (particle size greater than 2.0 mm) fertilizer particles for weighing, and count their weight.

[0044] On October 9, 2023, the total feeding weight was 15.6 T, and the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles was 13.3 T. The granulation rate of the fertilizer was calculated to be 85.26%;

[0045] On March 11, 2024, the total feeding weight was 40 T, and the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles was 37 T. The granulation rate of the fertilizer was calculated to be 92.5%;

[0046] On August 26, 2024, the total feeding weight was 33 T, and the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles was 28.2 T. The granulation rate of the fertilizer was calculated to be 85.45%;

[0047] On December 3, 2024, the total feeding weight was 45.6 T, and the total weight of qualified fertilizer particles was 42.7 T. The granulation rate of the fertilizer was calculated to be 93.64%.

[0048] In addition, thousands of tests have been carried out, and there are countless failed schemes. Among them:

[0049] Scheme 1: 5% sodium silicate, with the balance being granulated electric furnace phosphorous slag powder; for the small-scale test, the method is the same as above. The total feeding weight is 100 kg, and the total weight of qualified fertilizer granules is about 30 kg. The granulation rate of the fertilizer is calculated to be about 30%.

[0050] Scheme 2: 5% potassium silicate, with the balance being granulated electric furnace phosphorous slag powder; for the small-scale test, the method is the same as above. The total feeding weight is 1 T, and the total weight of qualified fertilizer granules is about 0.46 T. The granulation rate of the fertilizer is calculated to be about 46%. Scheme 3: 20% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, with the balance being granulated electric furnace phosphorous slag powder; for the small-scale test, the method is the same as above. The total feeding weight is 200 kg, and the total weight of qualified fertilizer granules is about 20 kg. The granulation rate of the fertilizer is calculated to be about 10%.

[0051] Experiment 2: Disintegration rate test

[0052] Retain samples of the fertilizer granules produced in the initial small-scale production and those produced in each subsequent trial production, and store them at room temperature. Regularly measure the disintegration rate of the samples of each production batch. The measurement method is to put the fertilizer granule samples into a beaker filled with water and start timing. Observe the dissolution state of the samples. Through observation, the samples with shorter storage time dissolve faster and can be completely dissolved in about ten minutes. The samples with longer storage time dissolve relatively slowly. So far, the sample with the longest storage time is about 1 year. After being put into water for 2 hours, it also reaches the state of complete dissolution. This fully proves that the mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer of the present invention has the advantages of high granulation integrity and high disintegration rate, and solves the technical problems of difficult granulation and difficult disintegration of sandy materials.

[0053] Experiment 3: Field test

[0054] Test materials

[0055] The field test was carried out in Wangjiachong Village, Yuwang Office, Huangzhou District, Huanggang City. The test plot is an agricultural facility greenhouse, and the plot coordinates are: 30°28′27″N, 114°52′12″E. The soil is yellow-brown loam (soil type) sandy loam (soil species), with a medium texture. Soil organic matter is 21.1 g / kg, total nitrogen is 1.05 g / kg, available phosphorus is 14.3 mg / kg, available potassium is 93.5 mg / kg, and pH value is 6.4.

[0056] The previous crop was pakchoi, and 25 kg / mu of compound fertilizer [produced by Sinochem Fertilizer Co., Ltd., total nutrients (N + P2O5 + K2O) ≥ 51%, 17 - 17 - 17] was applied.

[0057] Experimental treatments

[0058] The test crop is pakchoi, and the variety is "Dianmei No. 5". The non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer for the test is the fertilizer granules obtained from the trial production on October 9, 2023; the compound fertilizer used in the test [total nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) ≥ 51%, 17—17—17] is produced by Sinofert Co., Ltd.

[0059] A total of 3 treatments were set up in the field experiment. Treatment 1: Conventional fertilization + non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer, that is, before sowing pakchoi, apply 25 kg / mu of compound fertilizer + 50 kg / mu of non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer as base fertilizer, hereinafter referred to as "non-water-soluble medium element treatment"; Treatment 2: Conventional fertilization + equal amount of fine sand, that is, before sowing pakchoi, apply 25 kg / mu of compound fertilizer + 50 kg / mu of fine sand equal to the non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer in Treatment 1 as base fertilizer, hereinafter referred to as "equal amount of fine sand treatment"; Treatment 3: Conventional fertilization, that is, before sowing pakchoi, apply 25 kg / mu of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer, hereinafter referred to as "conventional fertilization treatment".

[0060] The area of each experimental plot is 15 ㎡, and it is arranged in a randomized block design with three replications.

[0061] Field management

[0062] The field experiment was carried out on August 26, 2024, to prepare the land and set up experimental plots, and fertilize according to the experimental treatments. Pakchoi was sown on August 27. Micro-spray irrigation was used, and water was sprayed every 1-2 days. Pest control: On September 18, 20 g of pyridaben + 20 g of mancozeb + 10 g of kasugamycin + 5 g of emamectin benzoate were used per mu, and 30 kg of water was added for spraying. Except for different fertilization, other field management measures were the same for each treatment of the experiment. Pakchoi was harvested on October 22, 2024.

[0063] Experimental results

[0064] 1. Effects of non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer on the biological traits of pakchoi

[0065] According to the experimental observation results, at the seedling stage of pakchoi, the plants of pakchoi treated with non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer had thick leaves, were robust, and grew faster. At the harvest stage, samples of pakchoi were taken to examine the biological traits. The results are shown in Table 1. The biological traits of pakchoi treated with non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer were better than those of the equal amount of fine sand treatment and the conventional fertilization treatment. Compared with the equal amount of fine sand treatment, the pakchoi plants treated with non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer were 0.5 cm taller, had 0.4 more leaves per plant, and had a fresh weight per plant 9.7 grams heavier; compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the pakchoi plants treated with non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer were 0.6 cm taller, had 0.6 more leaves per plant, and had a fresh weight per plant 11.6 grams heavier. This shows that the non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer has a good effect on the biological traits of pakchoi.

[0066] Table 1 Examination table of biological traits of pakchoi

[0067] Treatment Plant height (cm) Number of leaves per plant (pcs) Fresh weight per plant (g) Leaf color Water-insoluble secondary element fertilizer 17.0 12.6 163.8 Dark green Equal amount of fine sand 16.5 12.2 154.1 Green Conventional fertilization 16.4 12.0 152.2 Green

[0068] 2. Yield increase effect of applying medium - volume non - water - soluble element fertilizers on pakchoi

[0069] The statistical results of the actual harvested yield of pakchoi in the experimental plots are shown in Table 2. The results show that among the three treatments, the yield of pakchoi treated with medium - volume non - water - soluble element fertilizers is higher. It increases the yield of pakchoi by 97.8 kg / mu and 115.6 kg / mu respectively compared with the treatment of equal - amount fine sand and conventional fertilization, and the yield increase rates are 6.3% and 7.5% respectively.

[0070] Analysis of variance was carried out on the actual harvested yield of pakchoi in the experimental plots. The results are shown in Table 3. The difference between blocks is not significant, and the variance between treatments reaches an extremely significant level.

[0071] The new multiple range (SSR method) test was carried out on the actual harvested yield of pakchoi in the experimental plots. The results are shown in Table 4. The yield differences between the treatment of medium - volume non - water - soluble element fertilizers and the treatments of equal - amount fine sand and conventional fertilization all reach an extremely significant level, while the yield difference between the treatment of equal - amount fine sand and conventional fertilization is not significant. This shows that the application of medium - volume non - water - soluble element fertilizers has a good yield - increasing effect on pakchoi.

[0072] Table 2 Actual harvested yield of pakchoi in experimental plots

[0073] Treatment Replicate I (kg) Replicate II (kg) Replicate III (kg) Average (kg) Yield per mu equivalent (kg) Increase or decrease compared with equal amount of fine sand (%) Increase or decrease compared with conventional fertilization (%) Water-insoluble secondary element fertilizer 37.6 36.7 37.1 37.1 1649.0 +6.3A +7.5A Equal amount of fine sand 35.5 34.9 34.4 34.9 1551.2 — +1.2 Conventional fertilization 34.5 34.0 34.9 34.5 1533.4 -1.1 —

[0074] Table 3 Analysis of variance of pakchoi yield in experimental plots

[0075] Source of variation DF SS MS F F0.05 F0.01 Among blocks 2 0.68 0.34 1.81 6.94 18.00 Among treatments 2 12.17 6.08 32.69 6.94 18.00 Error 4 0.74 0.19 Total variation 8 13.59

[0076] Table 4 New multiple range (SSR method) test of pakchoi yield in experimental plots

[0077] Treatment Water-insoluble secondary element fertilizer Equal amount of fine sand Conventional fertilization Average plot yield 37.1 34.9 34.5 5% significance difference a b b 1% significance difference A B B

[0078] The results of the field experiment show that even for fertilizers produced on October 9, 2023, with an application date of August 26, 2024, and a storage time of more than 10 months, they can still decompose after application and have a good yield - increasing effect.

[0079] Working principle of the present invention:

[0080] The mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer of the present invention has a unique formula, which makes the viscosity of the material appropriate, easy to granulate, and not easy to break during drying. The integrity of the fertilizer particles in the whole processing process can reach more than 70%; the disintegration rate of the fertilizer particles in water reaches 100%, which is easy to absorb, and even after long-term storage, it will not cause caking on the surface of the fertilizer particles. Due to the high integrity of the particles, most of the materials do not need to be repeatedly watered, granulated and dried, which can avoid changes in the properties of the materials during the processing. In addition, molasses contains various components such as organic acids, amino acids and trace elements, which can promote plant growth, increase the fertilizer efficiency, nutritional value and utilization rate of the fertilizer.

[0081] The principle is as follows: The added molasses plays multiple roles as a binder, dispersant and disintegrant. Molasses has a certain viscosity and can block the hydration reaction during the processing, so as to improve the granulation effect, the hardness and wear resistance of the fertilizer particles, etc.; and it can produce a chelation reaction with granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder, making the nutrients easier to be absorbed; molasses can dissolve quickly in water, making the fertilizer quickly disintegrate and easy to be absorbed by crops.

[0082] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to these embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mineral-source non-water-soluble medium element fertilizer, characterized in that: By mass percentage, it includes 1% - 5% molasses, and also includes 3% - 5% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate or 2% - 10% potassium chloride, with the balance being granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder.

2. The mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes 0.05% - 0.1% dispersant.

3. The mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: The dispersant includes one or more of sodium benzenesulfonate and lignocellulose.

4. The mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It also includes trace elements.

5. The mineral-source water-insoluble medium element fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder is 100 - 200 mesh, and the water content is less than 1%.

6. A method for preparing the ore-derived water-insoluble medium element fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Mixing: Add other ingredients except the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder according to the corresponding ratios into the granulated electric furnace phosphorus slag powder, and add 5% - 7% of the total powder weight of water, and stir evenly. S2. Extrusion granulation: Place the uniformly mixed material in an extrusion granulator for extrusion granulation. S3. Screening: Screen the fertilizer particles that meet the particle size requirements. S4. Drying: Place the screened fertilizer particles in a drying device for drying. S5. Secondary screening: Conduct secondary screening on the dried fertilizer. S6. Packaging.