High-strength and high-elasticity cationic filament fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength and high-elasticity cationic filament fiber and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of textile materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively carrying out melt extrusion on cationic PET and high-molecular-weight PET, and jointly feeding into a spinning machine for spinning. According to the method, the cationic PET and the high-molecular-weight PET are subjected to melt extrusion and co-spinning, the cationic filament fiber with the cationic polyester as the skin and the high-molecular-weight PET as the core is obtained, the obtained cationic filament fiber has the characteristics of high strength and high elasticity, and compared with traditional cationic filament fibers, the strength is remarkably improved, and the follow-up weaving applicability is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of textile materials, and specifically relates to a high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Conventional PET polyester fiber has the disadvantages of poor water absorption, uncomfortable wearing, easy accumulation of static electricity, and its textiles are easy to pilling and difficult to dye. DuPont successfully developed cationic modified polyester fiber in 1958 and commercialized it in 1962. Cationic modified polyester fiber is made by adding acidic modifiers to PET for polycondensation. Commonly used modifiers are sodium 5-sulfonate of isophthalic acid diester (SIPM), sodium sulfonate of terephthalic acid diester and sodium bis(hydroxyethyl)isophthalate-sulfonate (SIPE). The modifier introduces active groups into the polyester chain segment, provides a cationic dye base, and improves the dyeing performance of the fiber. However, the addition of cationic modifiers destroys the regularity of the polyester molecular chain, resulting in a decrease in the molecular glass transition temperature and molecular weight, resulting in a significant decrease in crystallinity and strength, which is not conducive to subsequent weaving production. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cationic filament fiber with high strength and high elasticity and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers, comprising the following steps: cationic PET and high molecular weight PET are extruded separately and then spun together.

[0005] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention melt-extrudes cationic PET and high molecular weight PET separately and then spins them together to obtain cationic filament fibers with cationic polyester as the sheath and high molecular weight PET as the core. The obtained cationic filament fibers have the characteristics of high strength and high elasticity, and the strength is significantly improved compared with traditional cationic filament fibers, and the subsequent weaving applicability is stronger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of POY obtained in an example of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of a DTY obtained in an example of a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0007] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is an explanation in combination with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings.

[0008] The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers comprises the following steps: melt-extruding the cationic PET and the high-molecular-weight PET separately and then spinning them together.

[0009] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the strength of the traditional cationic filament fiber is low, and a softer fabric can be prepared at 2.6-3.0 cN / dtex, and the fabric has stronger anti-pilling property, but the low strength is not conducive to subsequent weaving production. The present invention utilizes a two-component spinning process, and adopts cationic PET and high-strength PET as raw materials for extrusion, and then co-spinning, which is different from the process of first melt blending, then extrusion and then spinning, and can prepare a high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fiber with a strength of more than 3.6 cN / dtex, which uses high molecular weight PET as the core and cationic polyester as the skin.

[0010] The cationic PET is a dried cationic dyeable polyester chip (CDP chip) or a low temperature cationic dyeable polyester chip (ECDP chip), and the high molecular weight PET is a dried polyester chip (PET chip). The molecular weight of the high molecular weight PET is 30000-60000 g / mol.

[0011] The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fiber specifically comprises the following steps: respectively melting and extruding the dried CDP slices and PET slices, and then spinning, cooling, oiling and rolling together to obtain cationic high-strength POY.

[0012] Among them, the temperature of the screw extruder is 240~330 ℃.

[0013] The spinning speed is 2400~3800m / min. The cooling is side-blown cooling, the wind temperature is 15~30℃, and the wind speed is 0.3~1m / s.

[0014] Different from ordinary or traditional spinning processes, this application requires strict control of the above process parameters, otherwise the effective leather ring structure cannot be guaranteed, not only high-quality filament fibers cannot be obtained, but also serious problems may lead to abnormal production.

[0015] Furthermore, the method also includes the step of texturizing the cationic high-strength POY, specifically, the cationic high-strength POY passes through the first roller, the first heat box, the cooling plate, the false twister, the second roller, the network nozzle, the third roller, the oil tanker and the winding in sequence.

[0016] The stretching ratio is 1.0-2.0, the speed ratio is 1.4-2.1, and the temperature of the first hot box is 130-186°C.

[0017] It can be seen from the above description that high-elastic cationic filament fibers can be obtained through the above-mentioned texturing treatment.

[0018] Embodiment 1 of the present invention is: The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers comprises the following steps: S1 spinning: cationic polyester chips with a viscosity of 0.55 dl / g and high molecular polyester chips with a viscosity of 1.05 dl / g were vacuum dried to ensure that the moisture content of the chips was less than 40ppm, and then sent to a two-component screw extruder for melt extrusion; the temperatures of the first zone of the screw extruder used for cationic polyester were 270℃, the temperature of the second zone was 275℃, the temperature of the third zone was 280℃, the temperature of the fourth zone was 285℃, the temperature of the fifth zone was 280℃, and the temperature of the sixth zone was 280℃; the temperature of the first zone of the screw extruder used for high molecular polyester was 292℃, the temperature of the second zone was 29 7℃, zone 3 temperature is 297℃, zone 4 temperature is 302℃, zone 5 temperature is 297℃, zone 6 temperature is 297℃; then both are sent to the main box with a box temperature of 290℃, and then sent to the spinning machine for spinning, the spinning speed is 2400m / min; then side blowing cooling is carried out, the cooling distance is 2cm, the cooling air temperature is 21℃, and the wind speed is 1m / s, to obtain cationic high-strength POY (140dtex / 48f) with cationic polyester as the skin and high-molecular polyester as the core. The cross-sectional view of POY is shown in Figure 1 As shown, the red circle indicates the cross-sectional view of a single skin-core structured cationic high-strength POY; S2 texturing: POY is texturized on a texturing machine with a texturizing process speed of 500 m / min, a draft ratio of 1.78, a speed ratio of 1.75, a first heat box of 186°C, an air pressure of 1.2 MPa, and a nozzle model of P142. Finally, high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers (75D / 48f DTY) are obtained. The cross-sectional view of DTY is shown in Figure 2 shown.

[0019] The physical properties of the 75D / 48f DTY obtained from S2 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0020] Table 1

[0021] Embodiment 2 of the present invention is: The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers comprises the following steps: S1 spinning: cationic polyester chips with a viscosity of 0.55 dl / g and high molecular polyester chips with a viscosity of 1.05 dl / g were vacuum dried to ensure that the moisture content of the chips was less than 40ppm, and then sent to a two-component screw extruder for melt extrusion; the temperatures of the screw extruder used for cationic polyester were 275°C in zone 1, 280°C in zone 2, 285°C in zone 3, 290°C in zone 4, 285°C in zone 5, and 285°C in zone 6; the temperatures of the screw extruder used for high molecular polyester were 295°C in zone 1, 290°C in zone 2, and 285°C in zone 3. The temperature of the first zone is 300℃, the temperature of the third zone is 300℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 305℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 300℃, and the temperature of the sixth zone is 300℃; then the two are sent to the main box with a box temperature of 290℃ at the same time, and then sent to the spinning machine for spinning, and the spinning speed is 3000m / min; then side blowing cooling is carried out, the cooling distance is 2cm, the cooling air temperature is 30℃, and the wind speed is 0.3m / s, and a cationic high-strength POY (140dtex / 48f) with cationic polyester as the skin and high-molecular polyester as the core is obtained; S2 texturing: POY is texturized on a texturing machine with a process speed of 500 m / min, a draft ratio of 2, a speed ratio of 2.1, a first heat box of 155°C, an air pressure of 1.2 MPa, and a nozzle model of P142. Finally, high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers (DTY of 75D / 48f) are obtained.

[0022] Embodiment 3 of the present invention is: The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers comprises the following steps: S1 spinning: ECDP slices with a viscosity of 0.55 dl / g and high molecular weight polyester slices with a viscosity of 1.05 dl / g were vacuum dried to ensure that the moisture content of the slices was less than 40ppm, and then respectively sent to a two-component screw extruder for melt extrusion; among them, the screw extruder temperature for cationic polyester was 240℃ in zone 1, 255℃ in zone 2, 280℃ in zone 3, 285℃ in zone 4, 280℃ in zone 5, and 280℃ in zone 6; the screw extruder temperature for high molecular weight polyester was 292℃ in zone 1, 292℃ in zone 2, and 292℃ in zone 3. 300℃, zone 3 temperature is 310℃, zone 4 temperature is 330℃, zone 5 temperature is 300℃, zone 6 temperature is 300℃; then both are sent to the main box with a box temperature of 290℃, and then sent to the spinning machine for spinning, the spinning speed is 2500m / min; then side blowing cooling is carried out, the cooling distance is 2cm, the cooling air temperature is 15℃, and the wind speed is 0.8m / s, to obtain cationic high-strength POY (140dtex / 48f) with cationic polyester as the skin and high-molecular polyester as the core; S2 texturing: POY is texturized on a texturing machine with a process speed of 500 m / min, a draft ratio of 1, a speed ratio of 1.4, a first heat box of 130°C, an air pressure of 1.2 MPa, and a nozzle model of P142. Finally, high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers (DTY of 75D / 48f) are obtained.

[0023] In summary, the preparation method provided by the present invention overcomes the problem of low strength and poor subsequent shaping of traditional cationic polyester, and can obtain high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers with polymer polyester as the core layer and cationic as the sheath layer. While retaining the advantages of good dyeing performance of cationic polyester, the strength can reach more than 3.6 cN / dtex, and the subsequent weaving applicability is stronger.

[0024] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The cationic PET and the high molecular weight PET are melt-extruded separately and then spun together.

2. The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the high molecular weight PET is 30000-60000 g / mol.

3. The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cationic PET is a dried CDP slice or a dried ECDP slice, and the high molecular weight PET is a dried PET slice.

4. The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: The dried CDP slices or ECDP slices and PET slices are melt-extruded separately, and then spun, cooled, oiled and rolled together to obtain cationic high-strength POY.

5. The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spinning speed is 2400-3800 m / min.

6. The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling is side-blowing cooling, with a wind temperature of 15-30°C and a wind speed of 0.3-1 m / s.

7. The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method also includes the step of texturizing the cationic high-strength POY, specifically, the cationic high-strength POY passes through a first roller, a first heat box, a cooling plate, a false twister, a second roller, a network nozzle, a third roller, an oil tanker and a winding in sequence.

8. The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drafting ratio of the texturing is 1-2, and the speed ratio is 1.4-2.

1.

9. The method for preparing high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fibers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature of the first heat box is 130-186°C.

10. A high-strength and high-elastic cationic filament fiber prepared by the preparation method described in any one of 1 to 9.

Images