Preparation method of fabric with one-way moisture conduction and photothermal conversion functions

Abstract

A preparation method of a fabric with one-way moisture conduction and photothermal conversion functions relates to the field of functional textiles, and comprises the following steps: taking a hydrophilic fabric as a substrate material; spraying a hydrophobic polymer on the hydrophilic fabric through electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer; spraying photothermal conversion particles onto the hydrophobic layer through a spray gun to form a photothermal conversion layer; and spraying a hydrophobic polymer on the photothermal conversion layer through electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer, thereby obtaining the fabric with the one-way moisture conduction and photothermal conversion functions. The asymmetric wettability gradient difference is constructed on the two sides of the fabric, and one-way transfer of water in the fabric is promoted; joule heat generated by the embedded ferroferric oxide particles with high photothermal conversion performance promotes the ultra-fast moisture evaporation process and can sterilize the fabric to a certain extent. The method is simple in operation process and free of environmental pollution, and can be used in the fields of non-washing protective textiles, efficient seawater desalination materials and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of functional textiles, in particular to a method for preparing a fabric having both unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat conversion functions, and belongs to the technical field of functional materials. Background Art

[0002] In the field of functional textiles, especially in scenarios such as outdoor sports, extreme environment operations and medical care, there is an increasing demand for fabrics with unidirectional moisture conduction and photothermal conversion functions. These fabrics can provide better moisture absorption and perspiration management capabilities and temperature regulation functions to meet the comfort needs of users under changing environmental conditions. Generally, by coating a hydrophobic coating on the surface of the fabric or using a special fiber structure, unidirectional transport of moisture from the inside to the outside of the fabric can be achieved; by coating or depositing a material with photothermal conversion function on the surface of the fabric, the photothermal conversion function can be achieved. CN202010305749 discloses a non-woven fabric with ultra-fast evaporation of sweat and unidirectional moisture conduction properties, including a hydrophobic layer, a non-woven base fabric layer, an embedded heating metal coating and a hydrophilic coating, a hydrophobic polymer layer is prepared by electrostatic spraying technology, metal particles are deposited on the fibers of the non-woven base fabric by a magnetron sputtering process, and a hydrophilic coating is prepared by slurry coating and hydrolysis. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and photothermal conversion functions, which solves the shortcomings of single-function fabrics in the prior art and realizes the organic combination of dual functions by combining electrostatic spray technology and photothermal conversion additives.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fabric having unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat conversion functions, characterized in that it comprises:

[0005] Step 1: Use the hydrophilic fabric as the base material, soak it in deionized water until it is completely soaked, hang it until no droplets fall, and then fix it on the electrospinning receiving device;

[0006] Step 2: dissolving the hydrophobic polymer in solvent A, and spraying the hydrophobic polymer solution on the surface of the hydrophilic fabric by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer;

[0007] Step 3: Disperse the photothermal conversion material in solvent B, continue ultrasonication to form a uniform suspension, and then spray it on the hydrophobic layer using a spray gun to form a photothermal conversion layer;

[0008] Step 4: dissolving the hydrophobic polymer in solvent A, and spraying the hydrophobic polymer solution on the surface of the above-mentioned photothermal conversion layer by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer, thereby obtaining a fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and photothermal conversion functions.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrophilic fabric in the first step is cotton fabric.

[0010] Furthermore, in the second step, the hydrophobic polymer is polyvinyl chloride, the solvent is N,N-dimethylacetamide, and the concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12 wt %.

[0011] Furthermore, in the second step, the voltage of the electrostatic spray is 15 kV, the receiving distance is 15 cm, and the spray time is 1 to 3 hours.

[0012] Furthermore, the photothermal conversion material in the third step is ferroferric oxide particles, the solvent is deionized water, and the concentration of the ferroferric oxide suspension is 1 g / 10 ml.

[0013] Furthermore, in the third step, the spraying pressure of the spray gun is 0.6 MPa, the spraying distance is 10 cm, and the spraying time is 30-120 s.

[0014] Furthermore, in the fourth step, the hydrophobic polymer is polyvinyl chloride, the solvent is N,N-dimethylacetamide, and the concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12 wt %.

[0015] Furthermore, in the fourth step, the voltage of the electrostatic spray is 15 kV, the receiving distance is 15 cm, and the spray time is 20 min.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] (1) Compared with the fabrics with both unidirectional moisture conduction and photothermal conversion disclosed in the prior art, the present invention uses an electrostatic spraying process to spray a hydrophobic polymer on the surface of a hydrophilic cotton fabric, and the operation process is simpler. In addition, the fabric of the present invention has a higher porosity and better air permeability. In a high humidity environment, due to the existence of an asymmetric wettability gradient difference on both sides of the fabric, the fabric of the present invention has a unidirectional moisture conduction performance, which can ensure that the human body is dry and comfortable in a variety of environments.

[0018] (2) The Joule heat generated by embedding ferroferric oxide particles with high photothermal conversion performance in the two hydrophobic layers promotes the ultra-fast water evaporation process and can also sterilize the fabric to a certain extent, thereby facilitating the simple sterilization process of non-washable protective clothing materials and the efficient evaporation and desalination process of seawater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the fabric of the present invention, and SEM microscopic morphology images of the original cotton fabric and the final fabric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The first step is to soak the cotton fabric substrate in deionized water, hang it to dry, and then fix it on the electrostatic spray receiving roller.

[0023] Step 2: dissolving polyvinyl chloride in N,N-dimethylacetamide to prepare a polyvinyl chloride solution, and then spraying the polyvinyl chloride solution on the surface of the cotton fabric by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer. The concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12wt%, the propulsion speed of the polyvinyl chloride solution is 1ml / h, the electrostatic spray voltage is 15kV, the receiving distance is 15cm, and the spraying time is 1h.

[0024] Step 3: Blend the ferroferric oxide particles with deionized water, continue ultrasonication to form a uniform suspension, and then use a spray gun to spray the suspension on the hydrophobic layer to form a light-to-heat conversion layer. The concentration of the ferroferric oxide water suspension is 1g / 10ml, the spraying pressure is 0.6MPa, the spraying distance is 10cm, and the spraying time is 30s.

[0025] Step 4: dissolving polyvinyl chloride in N,N-dimethylacetamide to prepare a polyvinyl chloride solution, and then spraying the polyvinyl chloride solution on the surface of the light-heat conversion layer of the above-mentioned fabric by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer, thereby obtaining a fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat conversion functions. Among them, the concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12wt%, the propulsion speed of the polyvinyl chloride solution is 1ml / h, the electrostatic spray voltage is 12kV, the receiving distance is 15cm, and the spray time is 20min. According to GB / T 5453-1997 "Determination of air permeability of textile fabrics", the air permeability of the fabric is 383.0 mm / s. According to GB / T 21655.2-2019 "Evaluation of moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles Part 2: Dynamic moisture transfer method", the cumulative one-way transfer index of the fabric is 621.6%. According to GB / T 12704.2-2009 "Test method for moisture permeability of textile fabrics Part 2: Evaporation method", the water vapor transmission rate of the fabric is 2120.1 g·m -2 ·d -1. At an optical power density of 2W / cm 2 , under the irradiation of light source with a wavelength of 808nm, the surface temperature of the fabric can reach 65.7℃.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat conversion function is composed of a hydrophilic layer cotton fabric 1, a hydrophobic layer 2, a light-heat conversion layer 3 and a hydrophobic layer 4, and its preparation method is:

[0028] The first step is to soak the cotton fabric substrate in deionized water, hang it to dry, and then fix it on the electrostatic spray receiving roller.

[0029] Step 2: dissolving polyvinyl chloride in N,N-dimethylacetamide to prepare a polyvinyl chloride solution, and then spraying the polyvinyl chloride solution on the surface of the cotton fabric by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer. The concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12wt%, the propulsion speed of the polyvinyl chloride solution is 1ml / h, the electrostatic spray voltage is 15kV, the receiving distance is 15cm, and the spraying time is 1.5h.

[0030] Step 3: Blend the ferroferric oxide particles with deionized water, continue ultrasonication to form a uniform suspension, and then use a spray gun to spray the suspension on the hydrophobic layer to form a light-to-heat conversion layer. The concentration of the ferroferric oxide water suspension is 1g / 10ml, the spraying pressure is 0.6MPa, the spraying distance is 10cm, and the spraying time is 90s.

[0031] Step 4: dissolving polyvinyl chloride in N,N-dimethylacetamide to prepare a polyvinyl chloride solution, and then spraying the polyvinyl chloride solution on the surface of the light-heat conversion layer of the above-mentioned fabric by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer, thereby obtaining a fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat conversion functions. Among them, the concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12wt%, the propulsion speed of the polyvinyl chloride solution is 1ml / h, the electrostatic spray voltage is 15kV, the receiving distance is 15cm, and the spray time is 20min. According to GB / T 5453-1997 "Determination of air permeability of textile fabrics", the air permeability of the fabric is 371.0 mm / s. According to GB / T 21655.2-2019 "Evaluation of moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles Part 2: Dynamic moisture transfer method", the cumulative one-way transfer index of the fabric is 687.6%. According to GB / T 12704.2-2009 "Test method for moisture permeability of textile fabrics Part 2: Evaporation method", the water vapor transmission rate of the fabric is 2029.2 g·m -2 ·d -1 . At an optical power density of 2W / cm 2 , under the irradiation of light source with a wavelength of 808nm, the surface temperature of the fabric can reach 83.4℃.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat conversion function is composed of a hydrophilic layer cotton fabric 1, a hydrophobic layer 2, a light-heat conversion layer 3 and a hydrophobic layer 4, and its preparation method is:

[0034] The first step is to soak the cotton fabric substrate in deionized water, hang it to dry, and then fix it on the electrostatic spray receiving roller.

[0035] Step 2: dissolving polyvinyl chloride in N,N-dimethylacetamide to prepare a polyvinyl chloride solution, and then spraying the polyvinyl chloride solution on the surface of the cotton fabric by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer. The concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12wt%, the propulsion speed of the polyvinyl chloride solution is 1ml / h, the electrostatic spray voltage is 15kV, the receiving distance is 15cm, and the spraying time is 3h.

[0036] Step 3: Blend the ferroferric oxide particles with deionized water, continue ultrasonication to form a uniform suspension, and then use a spray gun to spray the suspension on the hydrophobic layer to form a light-to-heat conversion layer. The concentration of the ferroferric oxide water suspension is 1g / 10ml, the spraying pressure is 0.6MPa, the spraying distance is 10cm, and the spraying time is 120s.

[0037] Step 4: dissolving polyvinyl chloride in N,N-dimethylacetamide to prepare a polyvinyl chloride solution, and then spraying the polyvinyl chloride solution on the surface of the light-heat conversion layer of the above-mentioned fabric by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer, thereby obtaining a fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat conversion functions. Among them, the concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12wt%, the propulsion speed of the polyvinyl chloride solution is 1ml / h, the electrostatic spray voltage is 15kV, the receiving distance is 15cm, and the spray time is 20min. According to GB / T 5453-1997 "Determination of air permeability of textile fabrics", the air permeability of the fabric is 365.0 mm / s. According to GB / T 21655.2-2019 "Evaluation of moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles Part 2: Dynamic moisture transfer method", the cumulative one-way transfer index of the fabric is 873.7%. According to GB / T 12704.2-2009 "Test method for moisture permeability of textile fabrics Part 2: Evaporation method", the water vapor transmission rate of the fabric is 2547.0 g·m -2 ·d -1 . At an optical power density of 2W / cm 2 , under the irradiation of light source with a wavelength of 808nm, the surface temperature of the fabric can reach 101.2℃.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fabric having unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Use the hydrophilic fabric as the base material, soak it in deionized water until it is completely soaked, hang it until no droplets fall, and then fix it on the electrospinning receiving device; Step 2: dissolving the hydrophobic polymer in solvent A, and spraying the hydrophobic polymer solution on the surface of the hydrophilic fabric by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer; Step 3: Disperse the photothermal conversion material in solvent B, continue ultrasonication to form a uniform suspension, and then spray it on the hydrophobic layer using a spray gun to form a photothermal conversion layer; Step 4: dissolving the hydrophobic polymer in solvent A, and spraying the hydrophobic polymer solution on the surface of the above-mentioned photothermal conversion layer by electrostatic spraying to form a hydrophobic layer, thereby obtaining a fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and photothermal conversion functions.

2. The method for preparing a fabric having unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophilic fabric in the first step is cotton fabric.

3. The method for preparing a fabric having unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second step, the hydrophobic polymer is polyvinyl chloride, the solvent is N,N-dimethylacetamide, and the concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12 wt %.

4. The method for preparing a fabric having unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second step, the voltage of the electrostatic spray is 15 kV, the receiving distance is 15 cm, and the spray time is 1 to 3 hours.

5. The method for preparing a fabric having unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photothermal conversion material in the third step is ferroferric oxide particles, the solvent is deionized water, and the concentration of the ferroferric oxide suspension is 1 g / 10 ml.

6. The method for preparing a fabric having unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the third step, the spraying pressure of the spray gun is 0.6 MPa, the spraying distance is 10 cm, and the spraying time is 30-120 s.

7. The method for preparing a fabric having unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fourth step, the hydrophobic polymer is polyvinyl chloride, the solvent is N,N-dimethylacetamide, and the concentration of polyvinyl chloride is 12 wt %.

8. In the fourth step, the voltage of the electrostatic spray is 15 kV, the receiving distance is 15 cm, and the spray time is 20 min.

9. Use of the fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as a protective clothing material.

10. Use of the fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and light-heat transfer functions prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for efficient evaporation and desalination of seawater.

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