Backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic waves and high-pressure spraying and application method of backfill ballast cleaning device

Abstract

The invention provides a backfill railway ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic waves and high-pressure spraying and an application method thereof.The device is used for absorbing, cleaning and backfilling dirty railway ballast and comprises a locomotive, a dirty railway ballast input port, a clean railway ballast output port and a conveying belt; the dirty railway ballast input port is formed in the front end of the locomotive, and the clean railway ballast output port is formed in the rear end of the locomotive; a preliminary screen cleaning area and an ultrasonic screen cleaning area are arranged in the locomotive; the conveying belt penetrates through the primary screen cleaning area and the ultrasonic screen cleaning area. The two ends of the conveying belt are connected with the dirty railway ballast input port and the clean railway ballast output port respectively. Small particles attached to the railway ballast can be thoroughly cleaned through the screening holes in the screen conveying belt; ultrasonic waves are generated through the ultrasonic transducer to remove dirt attached to the dirty railway ballast, and the device has the advantages of being energy-saving and environment-friendly. When the technical scheme is correctly used and proper ultrasonic power is selected, the removal rate of 3-micron dust particles can reach 97%, the removal rate of 6-micron dust particles can reach 98%, and the lower the conveying speed of the conveying belt is, the higher the removal rate is.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway track bed cleaning, and in particular to a railway ballast cleaning device. Background Art

[0002] In the existing railway track bed cleaning and screening devices, the vibration cleaning and screening method is usually adopted. At present, this type of device has the disadvantages of incomplete cleaning of small particles of dirt and lack of dust treatment equipment after cleaning, which leads to large dust generation during operation and serious environmental pollution. According to the actual situation of the sampling point and the relevant requirements of the "Railway Ballast and Crushed Stone" and other specifications, sampling is carried out in the line section and turnout area, and each sample is about 25kg. The test samples are measured according to the requirements of the specifications, and the powder content below 0.1mm in the samples is shown in Table 1. The powder content of the samples at the turnout and the switch is significantly higher than that of the line section samples. And the powder content below 0.1mm in all samples is above 1.0%, which exceeds the requirements specified in the "Railway Ballast and Crushed Stone".

[0003] Table 1 Test results of powder content below 0.1 mm

[0004]

[0005] Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasound and high-pressure spray and its application method, which can thoroughly clean small particles attached to ballast and remove dirt attached to dirty ballast, save energy and protect the environment, and have a high removal rate.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasound and high-pressure spray is used to absorb, clean and backfill dirty ballast, comprising a locomotive, a dirty ballast input port, a clean ballast output port and a conveyor belt; the dirty ballast input port is arranged at the front end of the locomotive, and is used to absorb dirty ballast on the railway track bed, and the clean ballast output port is arranged at the rear end of the locomotive, and is used to backfill clean ballast to the railway track bed; a preliminary cleaning and screening area and an ultrasonic cleaning and screening area are provided in the locomotive, which are used to screen the dirt in the dirty ballast and output the clean ballast after ultrasonic treatment; the conveyor belt runs through the preliminary cleaning and screening area and the ultrasonic cleaning and screening area, and is used to transport the dirty ballast for screen filtration and ultrasonic treatment; the two ends of the conveyor belt are respectively connected to the dirty ballast input port and the clean ballast output port, and are used to transport the dirty ballast and output the clean ballast.

[0009] Preferably, the conveyor belt includes a screen conveyor belt, a first ballast conveyor belt, and a second ballast conveyor belt; the screen conveyor belt is arranged in the preliminary screening area and the ultrasonic screening area, and the screen conveyor belt is provided with a screening aperture for providing screen filtration; the two ends of the screen conveyor belt are respectively connected to the first ballast conveyor belt and the second ballast conveyor belt, and the first ballast conveyor belt and the second ballast conveyor belt are connected to the dirty ballast input port and the clean ballast output port, so as to provide a transportation path for dirty ballast treatment.

[0010] Preferably, a dirt collector is provided in the locomotive, and the dirt collector is located directly below the screen conveyor belt and is used for collecting dirt screened out by the screen conveyor belt.

[0011] Preferably, an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer are provided in the ultrasonic screening area; the ultrasonic generator is connected to the power signal and is used to convert the conventional power signal into an ultrasonic input signal; the ultrasonic transducer is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic generator and is used to convert the ultrasonic input signal into a mechanical ultrasonic output, and the mechanical ultrasonic wave is used to perform ultrasonic cleaning on the dirty ballast to remove attached particulate matter.

[0012] Preferably, a spray system is provided in the locomotive, and the spray system includes a spray nozzle and a water tank; the water tank is connected to the spray nozzle to provide a water source for the spray nozzle; the spray nozzle adopts an automatic atomizing nozzle, which is arranged at the rear end of the locomotive and above the clean ballast output port, and is used to generate spray to suppress dust when the clean ballast is output from the clean ballast output port.

[0013] Preferably, the dirty ballast input port and the clean ballast output port are both connected to the locomotive in an inclined manner; the inclined setting can facilitate the dirty ballast to enter the locomotive and also facilitate the clean ballast to be output from the locomotive.

[0014] The present invention also provides an application method of an ultrasonic and high-pressure spray backfill ballast cleaning device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step S1: dirty ballast is shoveled into the interior of the locomotive through the inclined dirty ballast input port and transported to the screen conveyor belt through the first ballast conveyor belt; Step S2: the preliminary screening area is located at the front end of the ultrasonic screening area. When the dirty ballast first passes through the preliminary screening area, the screening aperture on the screen conveyor belt screens out large particles of dirt in the dirty ballast; Step S3: the ultrasonic transducer in the ultrasonic screening area generates ultrasonic waves to remove dirt attached to the dirty ballast, and the dirt falls into the dirt collector; Step S4: finally, the clean ballast is backfilled into the railway track bed through the clean ballast output port; at the same time, the spray generated by the spray nozzle can suppress the dust generated when the clean ballast is backfilled.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention can completely clean small particles attached to the ballast through the screening aperture on the mesh conveyor belt; the ultrasonic transducer generates ultrasonic waves to remove dirt attached to the dirty ballast, which has the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection. When the technical solution is used correctly and the appropriate ultrasonic power is selected, the removal rate of 3μm dust particles can reach 97%, and the removal rate of 6μm dust particles can reach 98%. The slower the conveyor belt transportation speed, the higher the removal rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic waves and high-pressure spray provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart of the steps of an application method of a backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasound and high-pressure spray is provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The serial numbers in the figure are as follows:

[0020] 1. Dirty ballast input port; 2. Screen conveyor belt; 3. Ultrasonic transducer; 4. Ultrasonic generator; 5. Water tank; 6. Spray nozzle; 7. First ballast conveyor belt; 8. Second ballast conveyor belt; 9. Clean ballast output port; 10. Preliminary screening area; 11. Ultrasonic screening area; 12. Dirt collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasound and high-pressure spray is provided in this embodiment, which is used to absorb, clean and backfill dirty ballast, and is characterized in that it includes a locomotive 13, a dirty ballast input port 1, a clean ballast output port 9, a screen conveyor belt 2, a first ballast conveyor belt 7 and a second ballast conveyor belt 8.

[0024] The dirty ballast input port 1 is tilted at the front end of the locomotive 13, and the dirty ballast on the railway track bed is shoveled into the locomotive 13 through the tilted shovel opening at the bottom. The clean ballast output port 9 is tilted at the rear end of the locomotive 13, and the clean ballast in the locomotive 13 is backfilled into the railway track bed by its own gravity through the tilted shovel opening at the bottom. The cleaning methods of the dirty ballast input port 1 and the clean ballast output port 9 are symmetrically arranged, which is convenient for the dirty ballast input port 1 to shovel in dirty ballast and the clean ballast output port 9 to output clean ballast.

[0025] A preliminary cleaning area 10 and an ultrasonic cleaning area 11 are provided in the locomotive 13. The mesh conveyor belt 2 is arranged in the preliminary cleaning area 10 and the ultrasonic cleaning area 11. The mesh conveyor belt 2 is provided with a screening aperture. The preliminary cleaning area 10 is used to filter the dirty ballast mesh on the mesh conveyor belt 2 to remove the dirt in the dirty ballast. An ultrasonic generator 4 and an ultrasonic transducer 3 are provided in the ultrasonic cleaning area 11; the ultrasonic generator 4 is connected to the power supply signal and is used to convert the conventional power supply signal into an ultrasonic input signal; the ultrasonic transducer 3 is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic generator 4 and is used to convert the ultrasonic input signal into a mechanical ultrasonic output. The mechanical ultrasonic wave is used to ultrasonically clean the dirty ballast and remove the particles attached to the dirty ballast.

[0026] Both ends of the screen conveyor belt 2 are connected to the first ballast conveyor belt 7 and the second ballast conveyor belt 8 respectively. The first ballast conveyor belt 7 and the second ballast conveyor belt 8 are connected to the dirty ballast input port 1 and the clean ballast output port 9 to provide a transportation path for dirty ballast processing.

[0027] After the dirty ballast is shoveled in from the dirty ballast input port 1, it is transported to the screen conveyor belt 2 through the first ballast conveyor belt 7, and then enters the preliminary screening area 10 and the ultrasonic screening area 11 in turn to filter the large particles of dirt and ultrasonically treat the clean ballast, and then it is transported to the clean ballast output port 9 through the second ballast conveyor belt 8 to be output for backfilling.

[0028] A dirt collector 12 is provided in the locomotive 13 . The dirt collector 12 is located directly below the mesh conveyor belt 2 and is used to collect the dirt sieved from the dirty ballast by the mesh conveyor belt 2 .

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the steps of the application method of an ultrasonic and high-pressure spray backfill ballast cleaning device provided in this embodiment are as follows:

[0030] Step S1: dirty ballast is shoveled into the interior of the locomotive 13 through the inclined dirty ballast input port 1 and transported to the screen conveyor belt 2 through the first ballast conveyor belt 7;

[0031] Step S2: the preliminary cleaning zone 10 is located at the front end of the ultrasonic cleaning zone 11. When the dirty ballast first passes through the preliminary cleaning zone 10, the screening aperture on the screen conveyor belt 2 screens out large particles of dirt in the dirty ballast;

[0032] Step S3: The ultrasonic transducer 3 in the ultrasonic cleaning area 11 generates ultrasonic waves to remove dirt attached to the dirty ballast, and the dirt falls into the dirt collector;

[0033] Step S4: Finally, the clean ballast is backfilled into the railway track bed through the clean ballast outlet 9 .

[0034] Embodiment 2

[0035] This embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and a spray system is added, including a water tank 5 and a spray nozzle 6. The water tank 5 is installed on the rear end of the locomotive 13, and the water tank 5 is connected to the spray nozzle 6 to provide a water source for the spray nozzle 6.

[0036] In this embodiment, the spray nozzle 6 adopts an automatic atomizing nozzle and is installed on the outer wall of the rear end of the locomotive 13 and is located above the clean ballast output port 9. When the cleaned ballast reaches the clean ballast output port 9, the water tank 5 provides water to the spray nozzle 6, and the spray nozzle 6 reduces the dust content in the air during the backfilling process by atomizing spray.

[0037] This embodiment can effectively remove the air dust generated during backfilling, further improving the environmental friendliness of the device.

[0038] This embodiment can completely clean small particles attached to the ballast through the screening aperture on the mesh conveyor belt; the ultrasonic transducer generates ultrasonic waves to remove dirt attached to the dirty ballast, which has the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection. When the technical solution is used correctly and the appropriate ultrasonic power is selected, the removal rate of 3μm dust particles can reach 97%, and the removal rate of 6μm dust particles can reach 98%. The slower the conveyor belt transportation speed, the higher the removal rate.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic and high-pressure spray, used for absorbing, cleaning and backfilling dirty ballast, characterized in that: It comprises a locomotive (13), a dirty ballast input port (1), a clean ballast output port (9) and a conveyor belt; The dirty ballast input port (1) is arranged at the front end of the locomotive (13) for absorbing the dirty ballast on the railway track bed, and the clean ballast output port (9) is arranged at the rear end of the locomotive (13) for backfilling the clean ballast onto the railway track bed; The locomotive (13) is provided with a preliminary cleaning area (10) and an ultrasonic cleaning area (11) for filtering dirt in dirty ballast with a screen and outputting clean ballast after ultrasonic treatment; The conveyor belt runs through the preliminary cleaning area (10) and the ultrasonic cleaning area (11) and is used to transport dirty ballast for screen filtration and ultrasonic treatment; the two ends of the conveyor belt are respectively connected to the dirty ballast input port (1) and the clean ballast output port (9) and are used to transport dirty ballast and output clean ballast.

2. The backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic wave and high pressure spray according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveyor belt comprises a screen conveyor belt (2), a first ballast conveyor belt (7), and a second ballast conveyor belt (8); the screen conveyor belt (2) is arranged in the preliminary cleaning area (10) and the ultrasonic cleaning area (11), and a screening aperture is provided on the screen conveyor belt (2) for providing screen filtration; The two ends of the screen conveyor belt (2) are respectively connected to a first ballast conveyor belt (7) and a second ballast conveyor belt (8); the first ballast conveyor belt (7) and the second ballast conveyor belt (8) are connected to the dirty ballast input port (1) and the clean ballast output port (9), so as to provide a transportation path for dirty ballast processing.

3. The backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic wave and high pressure spray according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A dirt collector (12) is provided in the locomotive (13). The dirt collector (12) is located directly below the screen conveyor belt (2) and is used to collect the dirt screened out by the screen conveyor belt (2).

4. The backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic wave and high pressure spray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic cleaning area (11) is provided with an ultrasonic generator (4) and an ultrasonic transducer (3); The ultrasonic generator (4) is connected to a power supply signal and is used to convert a conventional power supply signal into an ultrasonic input signal; the ultrasonic transducer (3) is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic generator (4) and is used to convert the ultrasonic input signal into a mechanical ultrasonic output, and the mechanical ultrasonic wave is used to ultrasonically clean the dirty ballast and remove attached particles.

5. The backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic wave and high pressure spray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locomotive (13) is provided with a spray system, the spray system comprising a spray nozzle (6) and a water tank (5); The water tank (5) is connected to the spray nozzle (6) to provide a water source for the spray nozzle (6); the spray nozzle (6) is an automatic atomizing nozzle, which is arranged at the rear end of the locomotive (13) and located above the clean ballast output port (9) to generate spray to suppress dust when the clean ballast is output from the clean ballast output port (9).

6. The backfill ballast cleaning device based on ultrasonic wave and high pressure spray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dirty ballast input port (1) and the clean ballast output port (9) are both connected to the locomotive (13) in an inclined manner; the inclined arrangement facilitates the dirty ballast to enter the locomotive (13) and also facilitates the clean ballast to be output from the locomotive (13).

7. An application method of the backfill ballast cleaning device based on the ultrasonic and high-pressure spray according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: dirty ballast is shoveled into the interior of the locomotive (13) through the inclined dirty ballast input port (1) and transported to the screen conveyor belt (2) through the first ballast conveyor belt (7); Step S2: The preliminary cleaning zone (10) is located at the front end of the ultrasonic cleaning zone (11). When the dirty ballast first passes through the preliminary cleaning zone (10), the screening aperture on the screen conveyor belt (2) screens out large particles of dirt in the dirty ballast; Step S3: The ultrasonic transducer (3) in the ultrasonic cleaning zone (11) generates ultrasonic waves to remove dirt attached to the dirty ballast, and the dirt falls into the dirt collector; Step S4: finally, the clean ballast is backfilled into the railway track bed through the clean ballast outlet (9); At the same time, the spray generated by the spray nozzle (6) can suppress the dust generated when the clean ballast is backfilled. The conveyor belt is arranged in the locomotive (13), and the conveyor belt is arranged in the locomotive (13). The first ballast conveyor belt (7) is fixedly installed at the front end of the locomotive (13) and inside the dirty ballast input port, and conveys the dirty ballast into the locomotive (13) through the dirty ballast input port. The second ballast conveyor belt (8) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the locomotive (13) and inside the clean ballast output port, and backfills the clean ballast into the roadbed through the clean ballast output port. The screen conveyor belt (2) is fixedly installed in the middle of the ballast conveyor belt. The screen conveyor belt (2) is provided with a screening aperture for screening out dirt in the dirty ballast and is connected to the end of the first ballast conveyor belt (7) and the beginning of the second ballast conveyor belt (8). A water tank (5) is fixedly mounted at the inner end of the locomotive (5) and connected to the spray nozzle (6) to provide a water source for spraying.

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