Unloading valve and hydraulic anchor support system for tunnel

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of support devices, and in particular to an unloading valve and a hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel. The unloading valve comprises: a valve body and a mechanical pressure regulating valve, an electromagnetic pilot valve, a valve core string and a damping regulating valve mounted on the valve body; the present invention sets an adjustable damping hole between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the damping regulating valve, and rotates the positioning nut to drive the pressure regulating joint to move, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the adjustable damping hole, which can match different working conditions and improve the response speed of the unloading valve; moreover, in the unloading valve of the present invention, the unloading valve core and the one-way valve core are installed in the same valve sleeve, and the valve sleeve can be taken out to maintain the valve core, forming an integral plug-in valve core structure, which solves the problems of complex structure, too many parts and inconvenient installation and maintenance of the unloading valve in the prior art; in addition, the unloading valve of the present invention has the structure and function of both the electromagnetic pilot valve and the mechanical pressure regulating valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of support devices, and in particular to an unloading valve and a hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel support devices are important equipment used to ensure that tunnels remain stable and safe during excavation and use. These devices prevent the collapse of tunnel surrounding rocks and protect the safety of construction personnel and equipment by providing temporary or permanent support. Common tunnel support devices include: anchor rods, steel mesh, steel arch frames, etc. Among them, anchor rods are widely used in hard rock and soft rock tunnels, especially when the surrounding rock has poor self-stabilization ability. By driving the anchor rods into the surrounding rock, radial and axial support forces are provided to enhance the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock. Compared with traditional mechanical anchor rods, hydraulic anchor rods have adjustable support force, high load-bearing capacity, rapid installation and monitoring functions, so they are widely used. However, hydraulic anchor rods usually need to be used in conjunction with pump stations and unloading valves. The unloading valve adjusts the liquid pressure to prevent system overload.

[0003] The unloading valve equipped with the existing tunnel hydraulic anchor support system has the following defects: the unloading valve has a slow response time and poor dynamic performance, which directly affects the safe working state of the hydraulic anchor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a unloading valve and a hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel, which are used to solve the defects of slow response time and poor dynamic performance of the unloading valve equipped in the hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention provides a unloading valve, comprising: a valve body and a mechanical pressure regulating valve, a solenoid pilot valve, a valve core string and a damping regulating valve assembled on the valve body;

[0006] The valve core string is provided with a valve sleeve, the valve sleeve is formed with a first liquid passage hole, a second liquid passage hole, a third liquid passage hole and a fourth liquid passage hole, and the third liquid passage hole is connected with the second liquid passage hole;

[0007] A one-way valve core is movably disposed in the valve sleeve, and the one-way valve core is disposed close to the fourth liquid passage hole;

[0008] A first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a fourth chamber are formed in the valve body, one end of the first chamber is communicated with the third liquid hole and the second liquid hole, the other end of the first chamber is communicated with the unloading pipeline, one end of the second chamber is communicated with the first liquid hole, the other end of the second chamber is communicated with the liquid outlet of the pump, one end of the third chamber is communicated with the fourth liquid hole, the other end of the third chamber is communicated with the high-pressure pipeline, one end of the fourth chamber is communicated with the second chamber through the damping regulating valve, and the other end of the fourth chamber is communicated with the liquid inlet of the mechanical pressure regulating valve;

[0009] The liquid inlet of the damping regulating valve is always connected with the liquid outlet of the damping regulating valve through a fixed damping hole, and an adjustable damping hole is provided between the liquid inlet of the damping regulating valve and the liquid outlet of the damping regulating valve;

[0010] The damping regulating valve comprises:

[0011] An end cover is fixed on the outer side of the valve body, and an adjustment hole is provided in the end cover;

[0012] A positioning nut, adjustably connected to the end cover via a thread;

[0013] A pressure regulating joint, wherein the pressure regulating joint is inserted into the regulating hole, and one end of the pressure regulating joint is fixedly connected to the positioning nut, and the other end of the pressure regulating joint extends to the regulating damping hole, and is movably arranged in the regulating damping hole through the rotation of the positioning nut to control the flow area of ​​the regulating damping hole.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the damping regulating valve further comprises:

[0015] A positioning sleeve is inserted into the adjusting hole, and the pressure regulating joint is inserted into the positioning sleeve;

[0016] A clamping sleeve is arranged at one end of the positioning sleeve and fixes the positioning sleeve in the adjusting hole.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, a sealing member is provided between the second liquid passage hole and the third liquid passage hole;

[0018] The unloading valve also includes:

[0019] An unloading valve core, wherein the unloading valve core is movably disposed in the valve sleeve, a guide groove is formed at the first end of the unloading valve core; a drainage hole is formed inside the unloading valve core, the drainage hole communicates with the first end of the unloading valve core and the second end of the unloading valve core, one end of the drainage hole is communicated with the first liquid hole, and the sealing member can seal the other end of the drainage hole;

[0020] When the unloading valve core is in the unloading state, the first liquid hole is connected to the second liquid hole, the guide groove guides the emulsion at the position of the second liquid hole, and the other end of the drainage hole moves to be connected to the third liquid hole.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing element comprises:

[0022] a first sealing groove, wherein the first sealing groove is disposed in the valve sleeve;

[0023] a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, wherein the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring seal the first sealing groove to form a sealing cavity;

[0024] When the unloading valve core is in a non-unloading state, the other end of the drainage hole is sealed by the sealing cavity.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0026] a second sealing groove, the second sealing groove being provided in the valve sleeve and disposed in the second liquid passage hole;

[0027] A unloading spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the valve sleeve, and the other end of which is connected to the unloading valve core.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0029] A connecting piece, the connecting piece is connected between the other end of the unloading spring and the unloading valve core;

[0030] A third sealing groove is arranged in the valve sleeve and close to the end of the connecting member.

[0031] In one of the embodiments of the present invention, it further includes: a third sealing ring, wherein the third sealing ring is disposed in the third sealing groove.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the guide groove is an annular groove, and the annular groove is opened at one end close to the first liquid passage hole;

[0033] The drainage hole is a T-shaped hole, which passes through the unloading valve core. The vertical end of the T-shaped hole is connected to the first liquid hole. Through the movement of the unloading valve core, the horizontal end of the T-shaped hole can be moved to be connected to the third liquid hole.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises: a one-way valve spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the valve sleeve, and the other end of which is connected to the one-way valve core.

[0035] The present invention further provides a hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel, comprising: the unloading valve in the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] The present invention provides a unloading valve, which adjusts the flow area of ​​the adjusting damping hole by setting an adjusting damping hole between the liquid inlet of the damping regulating valve and the liquid outlet of the damping regulating valve, and rotating the positioning nut to drive the pressure regulating joint to move, so as to match different working conditions and improve the response speed of the unloading valve; moreover, in the unloading valve of the present invention, the unloading valve core and the one-way valve core are installed in the same valve sleeve, and the valve core can be maintained by taking out the valve sleeve, forming an integral plug-in valve core structure, which solves the problems of complex structure, excessive parts and inconvenient installation and maintenance of the unloading valve in the prior art; in addition, the unloading valve of the present invention has the structure and function of both an electromagnetic pilot valve and a mechanical pressure regulating valve.

[0037] Furthermore, the hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel provided by the present invention has the same advantages as above because it includes the unloading valve in the above embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a relief valve provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a valve core string provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a valve sleeve provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a damping regulating valve provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a unloading valve core provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a connection principle diagram of a unloading valve in electromagnetic mode provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7It is a connection principle diagram of a unloading valve in a mechanical mode provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 It is a connection principle diagram of the unloading valve in the boosting mode provided in one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] Reference numerals:

[0048] 1. End cover; 2. Pressure regulating joint; 3. Positioning sleeve; 4. Clamping sleeve; 51. First sealing ring; 52. Second sealing ring; 53. Third sealing ring; 6. Positioning nut; 7. Adjusting damping hole; 8. Fixed damping hole; 9. Liquid sleeve; 10. Mechanical pressure regulating valve; 11. Solenoid pilot valve; 12. Valve core string; 13. Valve body; 130. First chamber; 131. Second chamber; 132. Third chamber; 133. Fourth chamber; 14. Damping regulating valve; 141. Damping regulating valve 142, the liquid inlet of the damping regulating valve; 20, the valve sleeve; 21, the unloading spring; 22, the unloading valve core; 23, the one-way valve core; 24, the one-way valve spring; 25, the third sealing ring; 26, the first sealing ring; 27, the second sealing ring; 30, the third sealing groove; 31, the second sealing groove; 32, the first sealing groove; 33, the third liquid hole; 34, the second liquid hole; 35, the first liquid hole; 36, the fourth liquid hole; 40, the guide groove; 41, the drainage hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of the present embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present embodiment.

[0051] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this embodiment, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0052] In this embodiment, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this embodiment can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0054] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 8 The present invention describes a relief valve. The relief valve is used in a hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel and is connected between a pump station and a hydraulic anchor. The relief valve comprises a valve body 13 and a mechanical pressure regulating valve 10, an electromagnetic pilot valve 11, a valve core string 12 and a damping regulating valve 14 assembled on the valve body 13.

[0055] A valve sleeve 20 is provided on the valve core string 12, and the valve sleeve 20 is formed with a first liquid passage hole 35, a second liquid passage hole 34, a third liquid passage hole 33 and a fourth liquid passage hole 36, and the third liquid passage hole 33 is connected to the second liquid passage hole 34; a one-way valve core 23 is movably provided in the valve sleeve 20, and the one-way valve core 23 is arranged close to the fourth liquid passage hole 36.

[0056] Specifically, the lower part of the valve sleeve 20 has an internal thread, the one-way valve core 23 is provided with an external thread, the one-way valve core 23 and the valve sleeve 20 are connected by threads, and the upper end of the valve sleeve 20 has an external thread, which is connected to the mechanical pressure regulating valve 10.

[0057] A first chamber 130, a second chamber 131, a third chamber 132 and a fourth chamber 133 are formed in the valve body 13. One end of the first chamber 130 is connected to the third liquid hole 33 and the second liquid hole 34, the other end of the first chamber 130 is connected to the unloading pipeline, one end of the second chamber 131 is connected to the first liquid hole 35, the other end of the second chamber 131 is connected to the liquid outlet of the pump, one end of the third chamber 132 is connected to the fourth liquid hole 36, the other end of the third chamber 132 is connected to the high-pressure pipeline, one end of the fourth chamber 133 is connected to the second chamber 131 through the damping regulating valve 14, and the other end of the fourth chamber 133 is connected to the liquid inlet of the mechanical pressure regulating valve 10.

[0058] In this embodiment, the one-way valve core 23 is disposed at the bottom of the valve sleeve 20 , and the load can be unloaded through the fourth liquid passage hole 36 by the movement of the one-way valve core 23 .

[0059] It can be seen that the unloading valve provided in the present application, in addition to the unloading valve core 22 (described in the following embodiment), also includes a one-way valve core 23, that is, the unloading valve core 22 and the one-way valve core 23 are installed in the same valve sleeve 20, and the main-stage valve core can be maintained by removing the valve sleeve 20, forming an integral plug-in main-stage valve core structure, which solves the problems of complex structure, excessive parts, and inconvenient installation and maintenance of the unloading valve in the prior art.

[0060] The liquid inlet 141 of the damping regulating valve is often connected with the liquid outlet 142 of the damping regulating valve through the fixed damping hole 8, and an adjustable damping hole 7 is provided between the liquid inlet 141 of the damping regulating valve and the liquid outlet 142 of the damping regulating valve. The aperture size of the fixed damping hole of the traditional unloading valve will directly affect the response speed of the unloading valve, but the emulsion concentration of each coal mine and the temperature of the equipment during operation are different, resulting in differences in the viscosity of the medium, and the fixed damping hole often cannot meet the requirements of the unloading valve for rapid response. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a damping regulating valve 14 is provided between the second chamber 131 and the fourth chamber 133. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention retains the fixed damping hole 8, which is in a often connected state to prevent workers from misoperating the pressure regulating joint 2, resulting in the unloading valve not being able to operate normally.

[0061] The damping regulating valve 14 in the above embodiment includes: an end cover 1 , a positioning nut 6 and a pressure regulating joint 2 .

[0062] Among them, the end cover 1 is fixed on the outside of the valve body 13, and an adjustment hole is provided in the end cover 1; the positioning nut 6 is adjustably connected to the end cover 1 through a thread; the pressure regulating joint 2 is inserted into the adjustment hole, and one end of the pressure regulating joint 2 is fixedly connected to the positioning nut 6, and the other end of the pressure regulating joint 2 extends to the adjustment damping hole, and is movably arranged in the adjustment damping hole 7 through the rotation of the positioning nut 6 to control the flow area of ​​the adjustment damping hole 7.

[0063] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, an external thread is formed on the outer side of the end cover 1, and an internal thread is formed on the inner side of the positioning nut. The positioning nut 6 and the end cover 1 are engaged by the internal and external threads. When the positioning nut 6 is manually rotated, it can move left and right along the axial direction of the end cover 1. Since one end of the pressure regulating joint 2 is fixedly connected to the positioning nut 6, the rotation of the positioning nut 6 can drive the pressure regulating joint 2 to move left and right, that is, to move left and right along the axial direction of the adjustment hole. Since the other end of the pressure regulating joint 2 extends to the adjustment damping hole 7 and can move left and right, the left and right movement of the pressure regulating joint 2 controls the shielding area between the pressure regulating joint 2 and the adjustment damping hole 7, that is, to adjust its flow area. In this embodiment, the rotation of the positioning nut 6 drives the pressure regulating joint 2 to move, and the flow area of ​​the adjustment damping hole 7 is adjusted, thereby realizing that the flow rate between the second chamber 131 and the fourth chamber 133 can be adjusted. Compared with the solution of only independently setting the fixed damping hole 8, this embodiment can match different working conditions and improve the response speed of the unloading valve.

[0064] It should be understood that in order to ensure the stability of the unloading valve, the liquid inlet 141 of the damping regulating valve is always connected with the liquid outlet 142 of the damping regulating valve through the fixed damping hole 8, and the flow area is fixed; while the flow area of ​​the adjustable damping hole 7 is adjustable.

[0065] It can be seen that the unloading valve provided by the present invention can match different working conditions and improve the response speed of the unloading valve by setting an adjustable damping hole between the liquid inlet of the damping regulating valve and the liquid outlet of the damping regulating valve, and rotating the positioning nut to drive the pressure regulating joint to move, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the adjustable damping hole; moreover, in the unloading valve of the present invention, the unloading valve core and the one-way valve core are installed in the same valve sleeve, and the valve core can be maintained by taking out the valve sleeve, forming an integral plug-in valve core structure, which solves the problems of complex structure, excessive parts and inconvenient installation and maintenance of the unloading valve in the prior art; in addition, the unloading valve of the present invention has the structure and function of both an electromagnetic pilot valve and a mechanical pressure regulating valve.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present invention, the damping regulating valve 14 further includes a plurality of sealing rings, a first sealing ring 51 is provided between the end cover 1 and the pressure regulating joint 2, and a second sealing ring 52 is provided between the end cover 1 and the valve body 13. A liquid sleeve 9 is provided between the liquid inlet 141 of the damping regulating valve and the liquid outlet 142 of the damping regulating valve, the liquid sleeve 9 is respectively connected with the fixed damping hole 8 and the adjustable damping hole 7, and a third sealing ring is provided between the liquid sleeve 9 and the valve body 13. Specifically, the liquid sleeve is always connected with the fixed damping hole 8 in the vertical direction; in the horizontal direction, it is adjustably connected with the adjustable damping hole 7 through the connection relationship of the pressure regulating joint 2, that is, it can be sealed and closed, or it can be connected, and when connected, the flow area is adjustable.

[0067] In the initial state, the pressure regulating joint 2 is tightened, and the pressure regulating joint 2 and the liquid sleeve 9 are sealed by hard sealing. The liquid can only pass through the fixed damping hole 8 to reach the filter, and then pass through the liquid outlet 142 of the damping regulating valve to reach the fourth chamber 133. When the working temperature of the unloading valve is reduced, or the concentration of the emulsion in the medium increases, resulting in an increase in the viscosity of the medium, the pressure regulating joint 2 is loosened. In addition to entering the filter through the fixed damping hole 8, the liquid also flows through the gap between the liquid sleeve 9 and the pressure regulating joint 2, that is, through the regulating damping hole 7, thereby improving the response speed of the unloading valve. In addition, the flow area of ​​the regulating damping hole 7 can be timely controlled by the degree of loosening of the pressure regulating joint 2, and different working conditions can be quickly responded to.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present invention, the damping regulating valve 14 further includes: a positioning sleeve 3 and a clamping sleeve 4. The positioning sleeve 3 is inserted into the regulating hole, and the pressure regulating joint 2 is inserted into the positioning sleeve 3. The positioning sleeve 3 is used to axially position the movement of the pressure regulating joint 2 to avoid axial displacement of the pressure regulating joint 2 during the left and right movement. It can be understood that the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve 3 matches the outer diameter of the pressure regulating joint 2. The clamping sleeve 4 is provided at one end of the positioning sleeve 3, and the positioning sleeve 3 is fixed in the regulating hole. The clamping sleeve 4 is used to limit the fixation of the positioning sleeve 3. The clamping sleeve 4 is installed at the end of the positioning sleeve 3, and the clamping sleeve 4 and the positioning sleeve 3 are squeezed into the regulating hole together to achieve the limiting fixation of the positioning sleeve 3.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, a sealing member is provided between the second liquid passage hole 34 and the third liquid passage hole 33 ; the unloading valve further includes: an unloading valve core 22 .

[0070] The unloading valve core 22 is movably disposed in the valve sleeve 20, and a guide groove 40 is formed at the first end of the unloading valve core 22; a drainage hole 41 is formed inside the unloading valve core 22, and the drainage hole 41 communicates with the first end of the unloading valve core 22 and the second end of the unloading valve core 22 (that is, the drainage hole 41 communicates with the upper and lower ends of the unloading valve core 22), one end of the drainage hole 41 is communicated with the first liquid hole 35, and the sealing member can seal the other end of the drainage hole 41;

[0071] When the unloading valve core 22 is in the unloading state, the first liquid hole 35 is connected to the second liquid hole 34 , the guide groove 40 guides the emulsion at the position of the second liquid hole 34 , and the other end of the drainage hole 41 moves to be connected to the third liquid hole 33 .

[0072] Specifically, the first liquid hole 35 is used to receive the liquid output from the pump, and the second liquid hole 34 and the third liquid hole 33 are used to discharge the emulsion for unloading. Since the second liquid hole 34 and the third liquid hole 33 are connected, unloading can be performed through the same unloading pipeline.

[0073] Preferably, the guide groove 40 is an annular groove, which is opened at one end close to the first liquid hole 35; the drainage hole 41 is a T-shaped hole, which passes through the unloading valve core 22, and the vertical end of the T-shaped hole is connected to the first liquid hole 35. Through the movement of the unloading valve core 22, the horizontal end of the T-shaped hole can be moved to be connected to the third liquid hole 33.

[0074] In the non-unloading state, the bottom end surface of the unloading valve core 22 blocks the first liquid hole 35 and the second liquid hole 34, and the guide groove 40 cannot connect the first liquid hole 35 and the second liquid hole 34; due to the sealing function of the sealing element, the emulsion entering from one end of the drainage hole 41 cannot be discharged from the other end of the drainage hole 41. Therefore, in this state, the unloading valve does not unload.

[0075] When in the unloading state, the unloading valve core 22 moves upward, so that the first liquid hole 35 is connected to the second liquid hole 34, and unloading can be performed through the second liquid hole 34. Moreover, due to the structure of the guide groove 40, when the emulsion passes through, the emulsion is guided, the flow field distribution can be optimized, and the flow field at the rear of the unloading valve core 22 is optimized, and a vortex is formed at the position of the guide groove 40, so that the cavitation part does not gather at the valve sleeve 20 or the outer surface of the valve core, thereby reducing the impact of cavitation damage; the unloading valve core 22 moves upward, so that the other end of the drainage hole 41 moves to be connected with the third liquid hole 33, and the first liquid hole 35 and the third liquid hole 33 are connected through the drainage hole 41, and unloading can be performed through the third liquid hole 33, and the high-pressure liquid at the front end of the unloading valve core 22 is drained to the rear end of the unloading valve core 22, thereby reducing the pressure difference between its two ends, reducing or even inhibiting the precipitation of bubbles, and further reducing cavitation damage. It can be seen that the above-mentioned guide groove 40 and drainage hole 41 form an anti-cavitation structure. In the above-mentioned unloading state, on the one hand, unloading is carried out through the second liquid hole 34, and also through the drainage hole 41 and the third liquid hole 33, dual-channel unloading reduces cavitation damage; on the other hand, through the effect of the guide groove 40, the flow field distribution is optimized, avoiding the cavitation site from gathering at the valve sleeve 20 or the outer surface of the valve core, and also reducing the impact of cavitation damage.

[0076] The unloading valve of the embodiment of the present invention has three modes:

[0077] 1. If Figure 6 As shown, in the electromagnetic mode, when the unloading valve is unloaded, the electromagnetic pilot valve is de-energized, the liquid inlet and the liquid return port of the electromagnetic pilot valve are connected, and the liquid in the upper chamber of the unloading valve core is released through the electromagnetic pilot valve. At this time, due to the existence of the damping hole or the damping regulating valve, the pressure in the lower chamber of the unloading valve core is greater than the pressure in the upper chamber of the valve core, and the unloading valve core opens.

[0078] 2. If Figure 7As shown, in the mechanical mode, the liquid inlet and liquid return ports of the electromagnetic pilot valve are always disconnected. When the pressure at port A is too high, the high-pressure liquid will push open the mechanical pressure regulating valve, thereby connecting the upper chamber of the unloading valve core with the return liquid, causing the unloading valve core to open and the unloading valve to unload.

[0079] 3. The schematic diagram of unloading in boost mode is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing member includes: a first sealing groove 32, a first sealing ring 26 and a second sealing ring 27. The first sealing groove 32 is provided in the valve sleeve 20; the first sealing ring 26 is provided at one end of the first sealing groove 32, and the second sealing ring 27 is provided at the other end of the first sealing groove 32. The first sealing ring 26 and the second sealing ring 27 seal the first sealing groove 32 to form a sealing cavity; when the unloading valve core 22 is in a non-unloading state, the other end of the drainage hole 41 is sealed by the sealing cavity. In this embodiment, the sealing member is composed of the first sealing groove 32, the first sealing ring 26 and the second sealing ring 27. The first sealing ring 26 and the second sealing ring 27 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first sealing groove 32 to form a sealing cavity. When the unloading valve core 22 is in a non-unloading state, the outlet of the drainage hole 41 is sealed by the sealing cavity and cannot be discharged and unloaded. If the above-mentioned T-shaped hole structure is adopted, its horizontal end is sealed between the first sealing ring 26 and the second sealing ring 27.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, the unloading valve further includes: a second sealing groove 31 and an unloading spring 21. The second sealing groove 31 is provided in the valve sleeve 20 and is placed in the second liquid passage hole 34. Specifically, the second sealing groove 31 is located at the bottom of the second liquid passage hole 34. The second sealing groove 31 prevents liquid from leaking from other positions, has sealing performance, and ensures that the emulsion is discharged from the second liquid passage hole 34. One end of the unloading spring 21 is fixedly connected to one end of the valve sleeve 20, and the other end of the unloading spring 21 is connected to the unloading valve core 22. In this embodiment, the unloading spring 21 provides a restoring force for the unloading valve core 22. When the load exceeds the elastic force of the unloading spring 21, the unloading valve core 22 overcomes the spring force and moves upward. When the unloading is completed, the unloading valve core 22 is reset under the action of the restoring force of the unloading spring 21.

[0082] In one embodiment of the present invention, the unloading valve further includes: a connecting piece and a third sealing groove 30. The connecting piece is connected between the other end of the unloading spring 21 and the unloading valve core 22; the third sealing groove 30 is arranged in the valve sleeve 20 and is arranged near the end of the connecting piece. In this embodiment, the unloading spring 21 and the unloading valve core 22 are connected by the connecting piece. Preferably, the connecting piece adopts a cylindrical structure, with a groove on the upper part for connecting the unloading spring 21, and the bottom is connected to the unloading valve core 22; the third sealing groove 30 is arranged for sealing the connecting piece, which is specifically arranged near the upper end of the connecting piece.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present invention, the unloading valve further includes: a third sealing ring 25, which is disposed in a third sealing groove 30. The third sealing ring 25 is disposed in the third sealing groove 30, thereby further improving the sealing of the connecting piece and preventing leakage of the emulsion. Specifically, the sealing ring can be an O-ring, a rubber sealing gasket, a combined sealing gasket or other forms of sealing components.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, the guide groove 40 is an annular groove, which is opened at one end close to the first liquid hole 35. Specifically, the annular groove is opened at a position close to the bottom end surface of the unloading valve core 22, and the upper part of the annular groove is an arc-shaped structure, which has a drainage function. The drainage hole 41 is a T-shaped hole, which passes through the unloading valve core 22, and the vertical end of the T-shaped hole is connected to the first liquid hole 35. Through the movement of the unloading valve core 22, the horizontal end of the T-shaped hole can be moved to communicate with the third liquid hole 33. It can be understood that the bottom of the T-shaped hole is the inlet and the horizontal end of the top is the outlet. The annular groove can optimize the flow field distribution so that the bubbles formed at the moment of unloading will not immediately contact the valve core surface, and the bubbles will quickly collapse during the movement, thereby reducing the damage to the valve core surface caused by cavitation; the formation of bubbles is mainly caused by the excessive pressure difference between the front and rear ends of the valve core at the moment the valve core is opened. The function of the drainage hole 41 can drain the high-pressure liquid at the front end of the unloading valve core to the rear end of the valve core, thereby reducing the pressure difference between its two ends, reducing or even inhibiting the precipitation of bubbles, and further reducing cavitation damage.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, the unloading valve further includes: a one-way valve spring 24, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the valve sleeve 20, and the other end of the one-way valve spring 24 is connected to the one-way valve core 23. In this embodiment, the one-way valve spring 24 provides a restoring force for the one-way valve core 23, and its working principle is the same as that of the unloading spring 21 in the above embodiment, except that the working object is different, which will not be repeated here.

[0086] The present invention also provides a hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel, which includes: the unloading valve in the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Specifically, the hydraulic anchor support system for the tunnel includes a hydraulic anchor, a pump station and the unloading valve in the above embodiment. The pump station provides hydraulic power for the hydraulic anchor, and the unloading valve is connected to the pump station.

[0088] The hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel provided by the present invention has the same advantages as above because it includes the unloading valve in the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A relief valve, characterized in that: include: A valve body (13), and a mechanical pressure regulating valve (10), an electromagnetic pilot valve (11), a valve core string (12), and a damping regulating valve (14) assembled on the valve body (13); The valve core string (12) is provided with a valve sleeve (20), the valve sleeve (20) being formed with a first liquid passage hole (35), a second liquid passage hole (34), a third liquid passage hole (33) and a fourth liquid passage hole (36), the third liquid passage hole (33) being in communication with the second liquid passage hole (34); A one-way valve core (23) is movably disposed in the valve sleeve (20), and the one-way valve core (23) is disposed close to the fourth liquid passage hole (36); A first chamber (130), a second chamber (131), a third chamber (132) and a fourth chamber (133) are formed in the valve body (13); one end of the first chamber (130) is in communication with the third liquid hole (33) and the second liquid hole (34); the other end of the first chamber (130) is in communication with a load-relief pipeline; one end of the second chamber (131) is in communication with the first liquid hole (35); the other end of the second chamber (131) is in communication with a liquid outlet of a pump; one end of the third chamber (132) is in communication with the fourth liquid hole (36); the other end of the third chamber (132) is in communication with a high-pressure pipeline; one end of the fourth chamber (133) is in communication with the second chamber (131) via the damping regulating valve (14); the other end of the fourth chamber (133) is in communication with a liquid inlet of the mechanical pressure regulating valve (10); The liquid inlet (141) of the damping regulating valve is always connected to the liquid outlet (142) of the damping regulating valve via a fixed damping hole (8), and an adjustable damping hole (7) is provided between the liquid inlet (141) of the damping regulating valve and the liquid outlet (142) of the damping regulating valve; The damping regulating valve (14) comprises: An end cover (1) is fixed on the outer side of the valve body (13), and an adjustment hole is provided in the end cover (1); A positioning nut (6) adjustably connected to the end cover (1) via a thread; A pressure regulating joint (2), wherein the pressure regulating joint (2) is inserted into the regulating hole, and one end of the pressure regulating joint (2) is fixedly connected to the positioning nut (6), and the other end of the pressure regulating joint (2) extends to the regulating damping hole (7) and is movably arranged in the regulating damping hole (7) through the rotation of the positioning nut (6) to control the flow area of ​​the regulating damping hole (7).

2. The unloading valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping regulating valve (14) further comprises: A positioning sleeve (3) is inserted into the adjusting hole, and the pressure regulating joint (2) is inserted into the positioning sleeve (3); A clamping sleeve (4), the clamping sleeve (4) being arranged at one end of the positioning sleeve (3) and fixing the positioning sleeve (3) in the adjustment hole.

3. The unloading valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing member is provided between the second liquid passage hole (34) and the third liquid passage hole (33); The unloading valve also includes: a relief valve core (22), the relief valve core (22) being movably disposed in the valve sleeve (20), the first end of the relief valve core (22) being formed with a guide groove (40); a drainage hole (41) being formed inside the relief valve core (22), the drainage hole (41) being in communication with the first end of the relief valve core (22) and the second end of the relief valve core (22), one end of the drainage hole (41) being in communication with the first liquid passage hole (35), and the sealing member being capable of sealing the other end of the drainage hole (41); When the unloading valve core (22) is in an unloading state, the first liquid passage hole (35) is connected to the second liquid passage hole (34), the guide groove (40) guides the emulsion at the position of the second liquid passage hole (34), and the other end of the drainage hole (41) moves to be connected to the third liquid passage hole (33).

4. The unloading valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing element comprises: a first sealing groove (32), wherein the first sealing groove (32) is provided in the valve sleeve (20); A first sealing ring (26) and a second sealing ring (27), wherein the first sealing ring (26) and the second sealing ring (27) seal the first sealing groove (32) to form a sealed cavity; When the unloading valve core (22) is in a non-unloading state, the other end of the drainage hole (41) is sealed by the sealing cavity.

5. The unloading valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: a second sealing groove (31), the second sealing groove (31) being provided in the valve sleeve (20) and disposed in the second liquid passage hole (34); A unloading spring (21), one end of the unloading spring (21) being fixedly connected to one end of the valve sleeve (20), and the other end of the unloading spring (21) being connected to the unloading valve core (22).

6. The unloading valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A connecting piece, the connecting piece being connected between the other end of the unloading spring (21) and the unloading valve core (22); A third sealing groove (30), the third sealing groove (30) being arranged in the valve sleeve (20) and close to an end of the connecting piece.

7. The unloading valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A third sealing ring (25), wherein the third sealing ring (25) is arranged in the third sealing groove (30).

8. The unloading valve according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The guide groove (40) is an annular groove, and the annular groove is opened at one end close to the first liquid passage hole (35); The drainage hole (41) is a T-shaped hole, the T-shaped hole passes through the unloading valve core (22), the vertical end of the T-shaped hole is connected to the first liquid passage hole (35), and the horizontal end of the T-shaped hole can be moved to be connected to the third liquid passage hole (33) through the movement of the unloading valve core (22).

9. The unloading valve according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A one-way valve spring (24), one end of the one-way valve spring (24) being fixedly connected to the other end of the valve sleeve (20), and the other end of the one-way valve spring (24) being connected to the one-way valve core (23).

10. A hydraulic anchor support system for a tunnel, characterized in that: include: An unloading valve as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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