Half-axle differential, drive axle and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a half-axle differential mechanism, a drive axle and a vehicle, and aims to solve the technical problem of how to realize independent control of wheels in an electric vehicle. The half axle differential comprises a slidable first drive plate. The first drive plate is located at different positions and corresponds to different working conditions. When the first drive plate slides to the first position, the first drive plate is in transmission connection with the first shaft and the shell, and if the first drive plate rotates freely, the forward torque is transmitted to a wheel connected with the half shaft differential through the bevel gear assembly. At this time, the wheel rotates forward. When the first drive plate slides to the second position, the first drive plate and the first shaft are disconnected, rotation of the first drive plate is limited, and the reverse torque is transmitted to the wheel connected with the half shaft differential through the bevel gear assembly. At this time, the wheel rotates reversely. By adjusting the position of the first drive plate, the half-axle differential mechanism can achieve the function of outputting forward torque and not outputting torque, and therefore independent control over wheels and in-situ steering are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle manufacturing, and in particular to a half-axle differential, a drive axle and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When electric vehicles are faced with complex working conditions, such as when one of their wheels gets stuck in a pothole or they are driving on an icy or snowy road, the tire can easily slip on the spot, affecting the stability and safety of the vehicle.

[0003] In order to ensure that the vehicle can run normally, when the wheel cannot work normally, the other wheels of the electric vehicle need to be in a normal working state. Therefore, how to achieve independent control of the wheels becomes a problem to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a half-axle differential, a drive axle and a vehicle, which are used to solve the technical problem of how to achieve independent control of wheels in an electric vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a half-axle differential is provided, which includes a housing, a bevel gear assembly, a first shaft, a first dial, a first transmission structure and a second transmission structure; the bevel gear assembly includes a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear; the third bevel gear is arranged between the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear; the axis of the first bevel gear is collinear with the axis of the second bevel gear, and the axis of the first bevel gear is perpendicular to the axis of the third bevel gear; the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are respectively meshed with the third bevel gear; the third bevel gear is rotatably connected to the housing; the first shaft is transmission-connected to the first bevel gear in the bevel gear assembly; the axis of the first bevel gear is collinear with the axis of the first shaft; the first dial is transmission-connected to the housing through the first transmission structure, and the first dial is configured to be able to slide relative to the housing; when the first dial slides to the first position, the first dial is transmission-connected to the first shaft through the second transmission structure; when the first dial slides to the second position, the first dial and the first shaft are disconnected.

[0007] Based on the above description of the structure of the half-axle differential provided in the embodiment of the present application, it can be known that the half-axle differential includes a slidable first dial. The first dial is located at different positions, corresponding to different working conditions. When the first dial slides to the first position, the first dial is transmission-connected to the first shaft, and the first dial is transmission-connected to the housing. If the first dial rotates freely, the positive torque is transmitted to the wheel connected to the half-axle differential via the bevel gear assembly. At this time, the wheel rotates forward. When the first dial slides to the second position, the first dial is disconnected from the first shaft, and the first dial rotates freely without torque output. At this time, the wheel does not rotate. In this way, by adjusting the position of the first dial, the half-axle differential can realize the function of outputting positive torque and not outputting torque, thereby realizing independent control of the wheels.

[0008] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, the first transmission structure includes a first protrusion and a first groove; one of the first protrusion and the first groove is arranged on the first dial, and the other is arranged on the housing; the first protrusion extends into the first groove; along the axis of the first shaft, the width of the first groove is greater than the width of the first protrusion, so that the first dial can slide relative to the housing.

[0009] The transmission connection is achieved by tooth-fitting, which has a simple structure, is easy to process, and is conducive to mass production.

[0010] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, the first dial includes a first base plate and a first boss arranged on the first base plate; a first through hole is arranged on the outer shell; the first shaft passes through the first through hole; the first protrusion is arranged on the hole wall of the first through hole; the first groove is arranged on the first boss, and the first boss extends into the first through hole so that the first protrusion extends into the first groove.

[0011] By providing a stepped first dial and extending the first boss into the first through hole, the structure of the first dial and the housing is made compact. At the same time, the first transmission structure occupies a small space in the axial direction of the first shaft, further compressing the space occupied by the half-shaft differential, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the half-shaft differential. In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, there are multiple first protrusions, and the multiple first protrusions are arranged around the first shaft at intervals; there are multiple first grooves, and each first protrusion extends into a first groove.

[0012] A plurality of first protrusions and first grooves are provided to increase the engagement positions, enhance the reliability of the connection, and ensure the service life.

[0013] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, the second transmission structure includes a second protrusion and a second groove; one of the second protrusion and the second groove is arranged on the first shaft, and the other is arranged on the first dial; when the first dial slides to the first position, the second protrusion extends into the second groove; when the first dial slides to the second position, the second protrusion is disconnected from the second groove.

[0014] The transmission connection is achieved by tooth-fitting, which has a simple structure, is easy to process, and is conducive to mass production.

[0015] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, a plurality of second protrusions are arranged on the first shaft at intervals along the circumference of the first shaft; a plurality of second grooves are arranged on the first dial at intervals along the circumference of the first dial; and each second protrusion is arranged in a second groove.

[0016] A plurality of second protrusions and second grooves are provided to increase the engagement positions, enhance the reliability of the connection and ensure the service life.

[0017] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the half-axle differential also includes a first stop structure, and when the first dial slides to the second position and the half-axle differential is in the first state, the first stop structure is configured to prevent the first dial from rotating; when the first dial slides to the second position and the half-axle differential is in the second state, the first stop structure is disconnected from the first dial.

[0018] When the first dial slides to the second position, the first dial is disconnected from the first shaft, and the first dial is restricted from rotating, and the reverse torque is transmitted to the wheel connected to the half-axle differential via the bevel gear assembly. At this time, the wheel reverses. Also, when the first dial slides periodically between the first position and the second position, if the first dial rotates freely, the wheel can rotate intermittently. In this way, by adjusting the position of the first dial, the half-axle differential can achieve the functions of outputting positive torque, not outputting torque, outputting reverse torque, and intermittently outputting torque, thereby achieving independent control of the wheels.

[0019] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, the second bevel gear is used to transmit torque, and the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear are coaxially arranged; the axis of the third bevel gear is perpendicular to the axis of the first shaft; the half-axle differential also includes: a second shaft, and the second shaft is connected to the second bevel gear.

[0020] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, the housing is configured to form a receiving cavity, and a first through hole communicating with the receiving cavity is formed on an outer end surface of the housing; the bevel gear assembly is disposed in the receiving cavity; and one end of the first shaft extends into the first through hole.

[0021] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, the outer shell is cylindrical; the outer shell includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; a first through hole is opened on the first surface; a second through hole connected to the accommodating cavity is opened on the second surface; and the second shaft passes through the second through hole and is connected to the second bevel gear.

[0022] In a feasible implementation manner of the first aspect, a plurality of third bevel gears are provided, and the plurality of third bevel gears are arranged at intervals.

[0023] In a feasible implementation manner of the first aspect, a fixing column is provided on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, and the third bevel gear is rotatably provided on the fixing column.

[0024] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, when the first dial slides to a first position along the axis of the first shaft, the first dial is connected to the first shaft through a second transmission structure; when the first dial slides to a second position, the first dial and the first shaft are disconnected; in the first state, the first stop structure is connected to the first dial to prevent the first dial from rotating; in the second state, the first stop structure and the first dial are disconnected.

[0025] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, in the first state, the first stop structure is connected to the first dial to prevent the first dial from rotating; in the second state, the first stop structure is disconnected from the first dial.

[0026] When the first dial slides to the second position, the first dial is disconnected from the first shaft and the first dial is restricted from rotating, that is, the first stop structure is in the first state, and the reverse torque is transmitted to the wheel connected to the half-axle differential via the bevel gear assembly. At this time, the wheel reverses. By realizing the forward, reverse or intermittent rotation of the wheel, it can adapt to different working conditions. For example, the reverse torque of the motor is disconnected under the sliding condition. For another example, four-wheel steering in place is realized.

[0027] In a feasible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first boss extends into the first through hole, the first boss has an outer wall surface extending along the axis of the first shaft, and the first groove is located on the outer wall surface.

[0028] In a feasible implementation of the first aspect, a plurality of first protrusions are arranged at intervals on the edge of the first through hole, and a plurality of first grooves are arranged at intervals on the first dial along the circumference of the first dial; each first protrusion is arranged in the first groove.

[0029] In a second aspect, a drive axle is provided, comprising the half-axle differential provided in the first aspect and a first half-axle, wherein the first half-axle is drivingly connected to the second bevel gear in the bevel gear system of the differential.

[0030] The drive axle is provided with the half-axle differential provided in the first aspect, and the first dial of the half-axle differential is located at different positions, corresponding to different working conditions. When the first dial slides to the first position, the first dial is connected to the first shaft in a transmission connection, and the first dial is connected to the housing in a transmission connection. If the first dial rotates freely, the positive torque is transmitted to the first half-axle connected to the half-axle differential via the bevel gear assembly. The first half-axle transmits the positive torque to the wheel connected to the first half-axle. At this time, the wheel rotates forward. When the first dial slides to the second position, the first dial is disconnected from the first shaft, and the first dial rotates freely without torque output. At this time, the wheel connected to the first half-axle does not rotate. In this way, by adjusting the position of the first dial, the half-axle differential can realize the function of outputting positive torque and not outputting torque to the first half-axle, thereby realizing independent control of the wheels.

[0031] In a feasible implementation of the second aspect, the drive axle further includes a motor and a reducer thereof, and the motor is drivingly connected to the first shaft of the differential via the reducer.

[0032] In a feasible implementation of the second aspect, the drive axle also includes a central differential, which includes a first output shaft and a second output shaft; two half-axle differentials are provided, the first output shaft is drivingly connected to the first shaft of one half-axle differential; the second output shaft is drivingly connected to the first shaft of the other half-axle differential.

[0033] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the two half-axle differentials are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central differential.

[0034] In a feasible implementation of the second aspect, the central differential includes a locking structure, which is disposed on the first output shaft; when the half-axle differential is in the third state, the locking structure is configured to lock the central differential.

[0035] According to a third aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising a drive axle as provided in the second aspect, and a first wheel, wherein the first wheel is drivingly connected to a second bevel gear of a half-axle differential.

[0036] The vehicle is provided with the drive axle provided by the second aspect, and the drive axle is provided with the half-axle differential provided by the first aspect, and the first dial of the half-axle differential is located at different positions, corresponding to different working conditions. When the first dial slides to the first position, the first dial is connected to the first shaft in a transmission manner, and the first dial is connected to the housing in a transmission manner. If the first dial rotates freely, the positive torque is transmitted to the first half-axle connected to the half-axle differential via the bevel gear assembly. The first half-axle transmits the positive torque to the wheel connected to the first half-axle. At this time, the wheel rotates forward. When the first dial slides to the second position, the first dial is disconnected from the first shaft, and the first dial rotates freely without torque output. At this time, the wheel connected to the first half-axle does not rotate. In this way, by adjusting the position of the first dial, the half-axle differential can realize the function of outputting positive torque and not outputting torque to the first half-axle, thereby realizing independent control of the wheels.

[0037] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the vehicle includes a plurality of wheels, and each wheel may be configured with a half-axle differential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the transmission principle of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the transmission principle of the half-axle differential provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the transmission principle of the drive axle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a half-axle differential provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The disassembled schematic diagram of the half-shaft differential is shown;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a half-axle differential is shown;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a housing in a half-axle differential is shown;

[0046] Fig. 9 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a half-axle differential in which a first dial slides to a first position;

[0047] Fig.10for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first dial in the half-axle differential shown.

[0048] Reference numerals:

[0049] 10- half-axle differential, 10a- first half-axle differential, 10b- second half-axle differential,

[0050] 20-torque output structure, 20a-central differential, 20a1-first output shaft, 20a2-second output shaft, 20a3-locking structure, 20a4-housing, 20a5-first central bevel gear, 20a6-second central bevel gear, 20a7-third central bevel gear,

[0051] 30-frame,

[0052] 40-wheel, 40a-first wheel, 40b-second wheel, 40c-third wheel, 40d-fourth wheel,

[0053] 50a-first semi-axis, 50b-second semi-axis,

[0054] 100-Drive axle,

[0055] 110-housing, 110a-first surface, 110b-second surface, 1101-accommodating cavity, 1101a-inner wall, 1102-first through hole, 1103-second through hole, 1104-fixing column,

[0056] 120-bevel gear assembly, 121-first bevel gear, 122-second bevel gear, 123-third bevel gear,

[0057] 130-first axis,

[0058] 140 - first dial, 141 - first bottom plate, 142 - first boss, 142a - outer wall surface,

[0059] 150 - Second axis,

[0060] 160-first transmission structure, 161-first protrusion, 162-first groove,

[0061] 170 - second transmission structure, 171 - second protrusion, 172 - second groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Among them, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" in the present application is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. And, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" refers to two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple. In addition, in order to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second" and the like are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art will understand that the words "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily limit the differences. At the same time, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner for ease of understanding.

[0063] The embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which is a type of vehicle with a half-axle differential or a drive axle. Exemplarily, the vehicle may include an electric car, an electric bus, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on the specific form of the above-mentioned vehicle.

[0064] The following uses an electric car as an example to describe in detail the vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the vehicle includes a drive axle 100 and wheels 40. The drive axle 100 is drivingly connected to the wheels 40. The drive axle 100 can output torque to the wheels 40, so that the wheels 40 rotate, thereby enabling the vehicle to achieve a driving function.

[0066] The drive axle 100 includes a half-axle differential 10 , a torque output structure 20 , a vehicle frame 30 , a first half-axle 50 a and a second half-axle 50 b . The half-axle differential 10 and the torque output structure 20 are disposed on the vehicle frame 30 .

[0067] The half-axle differential 10 includes a first half-axle differential 10a and a second half-axle differential 10b. The wheels 40 include a first wheel 40a and a second wheel 40b. The first half-axle differential 10a is connected to the first wheel 40a by transmission, and the first half-axle differential 10a is used to control the first wheel 40a. The second half-axle differential 10b is connected to the second wheel 40b by transmission, and the second half-axle differential 10b is used to control the second wheel 40b. In other words, each wheel 40 corresponds to a half-axle differential 10.

[0068] The first half-axle differential 10a is drivingly connected to the first wheel 40a via the first half-axle 50a. Similarly, the second half-axle differential 10b is drivingly connected to the second wheel 40b via the second half-axle 50b.

[0069] The torque output structure 20 may be implemented in various forms. For example, Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the transmission principle of the vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the torque output structure 20 may be a central differential 20a. The central differential 20a can realize a differential function. For another example, the torque output structure 20 may be a transmission. The present application does not limit the implementation form of the torque output structure 20.

[0070] The following description will be made by taking the torque output structure 20 as a central differential 20 a as an example.

[0071] The half-axle differential 10 is connected to the central differential 20a by driving, so that the torque output by the central differential 20a can be transmitted to the half-axle differential 10. In one implementation, the central differential 20a includes two output shafts, namely a first output shaft 20a1 and a second output shaft 20a2. The first output shaft 20a1 is connected to the first half-axle differential 10a by driving, and the second output shaft 20a2 is connected to the second half-axle differential 10b by driving.

[0072] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a half-axle differential provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the transmission principle of the drive axle provided in an embodiment of the present application. In one example, the first half-axle differential 10a and the second half-axle differential 10b are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central differential 20a.

[0073] The first output shaft 20a1 and the second output shaft 20a2 can output different torques, and the output torque of the first output shaft 20a1 and the output torque of the second output shaft 20a2 do not affect each other. In this way, the first half-axle differential 10a and the second half-axle differential 10b can work independently to adapt to the independent control of the first wheel 40a and the second wheel 40b, and further adapt to different working conditions of the vehicle in some application scenarios.

[0074] In order to realize the differential function of the central differential 20a. In some embodiments, the central differential 20a further includes a first central bevel gear 20a5, a second central bevel gear 20a6 and a third central bevel gear 20a7. The axis of the first central bevel gear 20a5 is collinear with the axis of the first output shaft 20a1, the first central bevel gear 20a5 is connected to the first output shaft 20a1, and the first central bevel gear 20a5 and the first output shaft 20a1 always keep synchronous movement. The axis of the second central bevel gear 20a6 is collinear with the axis of the second output shaft 20a2, the second central bevel gear 20a6 is connected to the second output shaft 20a2, and the second central bevel gear 20a6 and the second output shaft 20a2 always keep synchronous movement. The axis of the third central bevel gear 20a7 is perpendicular to the axis of the first output shaft 20a1, the third central bevel gear 20a7 is connected to the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a, and the third central bevel gear 20a7 can realize self-rotation. The third central bevel gear 20a7 is disposed between the first central bevel gear 20a5 and the second central bevel gear 20a6, and the first central bevel gear 20a5 and the second central bevel gear 20a6 are both meshed with the third central bevel gear 20a7 to realize the differential function of the central differential 20a. It can be understood that the embodiment of the present application only provides an exemplary structure of the central differential 20a, and does not constitute a limitation on the structure of the central differential 20a.

[0075] When the central differential 20a and the half-axle differential 10 are provided on the driving axle at the same time, under some working conditions, the central differential 20a does not need to realize the differential function.

[0076] In order to achieve the locking of the central differential 20a. Figure 2As shown, in one implementation, the central differential 20a includes a locking structure 20a3, and the locking structure 20a3 can realize the locking function of the central differential 20a. The locking structure 20a3 is arranged on the first output shaft 20a1, and can always keep synchronous movement with the first output shaft 20a1. In one implementation, the locking structure 20a3 includes a locking plate, the locking plate is sleeved on the first output shaft 20a1, and the locking plate can slide relative to the first output shaft 20a1. When the locking plate is connected to the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a, the central differential 20a is locked. The central differential 20a loses the differential function, and the output torques of the output shafts on both sides of the central differential 20a are the same. When the locking plate is disconnected from the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a, the central differential 20a is not locked. The center differential 20 a has a differential function, and the output torques of the output shafts on both sides of the center differential 20 a are different.

[0077] In one implementation, when the first output shaft 20 a 1 and the first shaft 130 are an integral structure, the locking structure 20 a 3 can be considered to be disposed on the first shaft 130 .

[0078] In one implementation, in addition to the locking structure 20a3 provided on the first output shaft 20a1, the locking structure 20a3 may also be provided on the second output shaft 20a2. That is, a locking structure 20a3 is provided on each of the first output shaft 20a1 and the second output shaft 20a2. When the central differential 20a is locked, only the locking structure 20a3 on the first output shaft 20a1 is connected to the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a, or only the locking structure 20a3 on the second output shaft 20a2 is connected to the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a. When the central differential 20a is not locked, the locking structure 20a3 on the first output shaft 20a1 and the locking structure 20a3 on the second output shaft 20a2 are not connected to the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a.

[0079] In one implementation, the vehicle further includes a motor and a reducer (not shown). The motor and the reducer are in driving connection, and the reducer and the central differential 20a are in driving connection. In this way, the torque output by the motor is transmitted to the central differential 20a via the reducer, and the central differential 20a then transmits the torque to the half-axle differential 10.

[0080] In one implementation, the vehicle includes four wheels, namely, a first wheel 40a, a second wheel 40b, a third wheel 40c, and a fourth wheel 40d. The vehicle includes two drive axles 100, the first wheel 40a and the second wheel 40b are connected to one of the drive axles 100, and the third wheel 40c and the fourth wheel 40d are connected to the other drive axle 100. Each drive axle 100 is equipped with a motor. In this way, the four-wheel electric vehicle can realize independent control of the torque of the four wheels by driving with two motors.

[0081] The half-axle differential is an important component for controlling the movement of the wheels and determines the movement state of the wheels. The structure of the half-axle differential provided in the embodiment of the present application is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0082] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a half-axle differential provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the disassembled half-axle differential shown. Figure 7 for Figure 5 The cross-sectional diagram of the half-axle differential is shown in FIG. Figures 3 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the half-axle differential 10 includes a housing 110 , a bevel gear assembly 120 , a first shaft 130 , a first dial 140 , a first transmission structure 160 , and a second transmission structure 170 .

[0083] The housing 110 is used to protect components disposed inside the housing 110 , such as the bevel gear assembly 120 , and to achieve relative rotation with the first shaft 130 . Figure 8 for Figure 5 The cross-sectional view of the housing in the half-axle differential is shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the housing 110 is arranged to form a receiving cavity 1101. A first through hole 1102 communicating with the receiving cavity 1101 is provided on the outer end surface 1100 of the housing 110. In one implementation, the housing 110 is cylindrical. The outer end surface 1100 of the housing 110 includes a first surface 110a and a second surface 110b opposite to each other. A first through hole 1102 is provided on the first surface 110a. A second through hole 1103 communicating with the receiving cavity 1101 is provided on the second surface 110b.

[0084] The bevel gear assembly 120 may be disposed in the accommodating cavity 1101. The bevel gear assembly 120 includes a first bevel gear 121, a second bevel gear 122, and a third bevel gear 123. Figure 7 As shown, the axis of the first bevel gear 121 is colinear with the axis of the first shaft 130. The axis of the second bevel gear 122 is colinear with the axis of the first shaft 130. The axis of the third bevel gear 123 is perpendicular to the axis of the first shaft 130. The third bevel gear 123 is disposed between the first bevel gear 121 and the second bevel gear 122. The first bevel gear 121 and the second bevel gear 122 are meshed with the third bevel gear 123, respectively.

[0085] The third bevel gear 123 is rotatably connected to the housing 110. In some embodiments, a fixing column 1104 is provided on the inner wall 1101a of the accommodating chamber 1101, and the third bevel gear 123 is sleeved on the fixing column 1104. The third bevel gear 123 can rotate with the fixing column 1104 as the rotation center.

[0086] In some embodiments, a plurality of third bevel gears 123 are provided, and the plurality of third bevel gears 123 are arranged at intervals. The number of the third bevel gears 123 is not limited in this application.

[0087] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, one end of the first shaft 130 extends into the first through hole 1102, and the first shaft 130 is drivingly connected to the first bevel gear 121 in the bevel gear assembly 120, and the first shaft 130 and the first bevel gear 121 always keep the same movement. In one implementation, the first shaft 130 and the first bevel gear 121 are an integrated structure.

[0088] In some embodiments, the half-axle differential further includes: a second shaft 150, the second shaft 150 is connected to the second bevel gear 122, and the second shaft 150 and the second bevel gear 122 always keep the same movement. In one implementation, the second shaft 150 passes through the second through hole 1103 and is connected to the second bevel gear 122. The second shaft 150 is connected to the first half-axle 50a in a transmission connection. In this way, the second bevel gear 122 and the first half-axle 50a are connected in a transmission connection. In one example, the second shaft 150 and the first half-axle 50a can be an integral structure.

[0089] In this way, the first shaft 130 is transmission-connected to the second shaft 150 via the bevel gear assembly 120 , and the input torque of the first shaft 130 can be transmitted to the second shaft 150 via the bevel gear assembly 120 .

[0090] The first dial 140, on the one hand, can slide relative to the housing 110 along the axis of the first shaft 130. In one implementation, a portion of the first dial 140 extends into the accommodating cavity 1101 of the housing 110. Figure 7 As shown, in one implementation, the first dial 140 includes a first bottom plate 141 and a first boss 142 disposed on the first bottom plate 141. The first boss 142 is disposed through the first through hole 1102 (combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 ), and extends into the accommodating cavity 1101 of the housing 110.

[0091] The first transmission structure 160 , the first dial 140 is transmission-connected to the housing 110 via the first transmission structure 160 . Fig. 9 for Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of the first dial in the half-axle differential sliding to the first position. Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first dial 140 can be in the first position (eg Fig. 9 as shown) and a second position (as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, Figure 7As shown, in one implementation, the first transmission structure 160 includes a first protrusion 161 and a first groove 162. One of the first protrusion 161 and the first groove 162 is disposed on the first dial 140, and the other is disposed on the housing 110. The first protrusion 161 extends into the first groove 162. Along the axis o-o' of the first shaft 130, the width L1 of the first groove 162 is greater than the width L2 of the first protrusion 161, so that the first dial 140 can slide relative to the housing 110. Figure 8 As shown, in one example, a plurality of first protrusions 161 are arranged at intervals on the edge of the first through hole 1102 .

[0092] In order to increase the meshing position, enhance the reliability of the connection and ensure the service life. Figure 6 As shown, along the circumference of the first dial 140, a plurality of first grooves 162 are arranged at intervals on the first dial 140. Each first protrusion 161 is arranged in a first groove 162. Figure 6 As shown, in one example, the first boss 142 has an outer wall surface 142 a extending along the axis oo′ of the first shaft 130 , and the first groove 162 is located on the outer wall surface 142 a .

[0093] On the other hand, the first dial 140 can rotate together with the housing 110. That is, the first dial 140 and the housing 110 maintain the same rotation state.

[0094] In order to achieve the purpose of controlling the rotation of the first dial 140, in some embodiments, the half-axle differential further includes a first stop structure 180. When the half-axle differential is in the first state, the first stop structure 180 is connected to the first dial 140 to prevent the first dial 140 from rotating. When the half-axle differential is in the second state, the first stop structure 180 is disconnected from the first dial 140, and the rotation of the first dial 140 is in a free state.

[0095] The first stop structure 180 can be implemented in various forms. For example, it can be a damping structure, a friction plate, or a push rod. This application does not limit this. When the friction plate or the push rod is connected to the first dial 140, the first dial 140 does not move. When the friction plate or the push rod is disconnected from the first dial 140, the first dial 140 rotates.

[0096] The first dial 140 is connected to the housing 110 and is also connected to the first shaft 130. The first dial 140 is connected to the first shaft 130 through the second transmission structure 170. This will be described in detail below.

[0097] The second transmission structure 170, such as Fig. 9 As shown, when the first dial 140 slides to the first position, the first dial 140 is connected to the first shaft 130 through the second transmission structure 170. Figure 7 As shown, when the first dial 140 slides to the second position, the first dial 140 and the first shaft 130 are disconnected. In some embodiments, the second transmission structure 170 includes a second protrusion 171 and a second groove 172. One of the second protrusion 171 and the second groove 172 is provided on the first shaft 130, and the other is provided on the first dial 140. When the first dial 140 slides to the first position, the second protrusion 171 extends into the second groove 172. When the first dial 140 slides to the second position, the second protrusion 171 is disconnected from the second groove 172.

[0098] In order to increase the meshing position, enhance the reliability of the connection and ensure the service life. Figure 6 As shown, in one implementation, a plurality of second protrusions 171 are arranged on the first shaft 130 at intervals along the circumference of the first shaft 130 . Fig.10 for Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the first dial in the half-axle differential is shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, along the circumference of the first dial 140 , a plurality of second grooves 172 are arranged on the first dial 140 at intervals. Each second protrusion 171 is arranged in the second groove 172 .

[0099] In order to make the structure of the half-axle differential compact, such as Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, in some embodiments, the first boss 142 of the first dial 140 has a third surface 142b that is away from the first bottom plate 141. A third through hole 143 that passes through the first dial 140 is provided on the third surface 142b. The first shaft 130 passes through the third through hole 143 and is transmission-connected to the first bevel gear 121. The axis of the first shaft 130 is colinear with the axis of the third through hole 143. In this way, the first dial 140 is sleeved on the first shaft 130. At the same time, the first dial 140 is clamped on the housing 110. The stacked structure allows the first dial 140, the first shaft 130 and the housing 110 to occupy a small space.

[0100] Different operating conditions of the vehicle are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0101] The half-axle differential connected to the wheels is in the first mode:

[0102] When the vehicle is in normal working condition, that is, the accelerator pedal is pressed and the motor rotates forward, Fig. 9As shown, in some embodiments, the first shaft 130 receives torque. The first dial 140 slides to the first position, and the first dial 140 is connected to the first shaft 130 through the second transmission structure 170. The first dial 140 is connected to the housing 110 through the first transmission structure 160. The first stop structure 180 is disconnected from the first dial 140, and the first dial 140 rotates freely, then the first dial 140, the first shaft 130, and the housing 110 rotate synchronously. At this time, the third bevel gear 123 will not rotate on its own, but rotate with the housing 110. In this way, the first bevel gear 121 and the second bevel gear 122 rotate synchronously. Synchronous rotation means that the rotation direction and rotation speed are the same. The second shaft 150 receives the torque of the second bevel gear 122. The rotation direction of the first shaft 130 is defined as the positive direction, and the positive torque is transmitted to the wheels connected to the half-axle differential via the bevel gear assembly 120. At this time, the wheels rotate forward. In one implementation, Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the vehicle is in normal working condition, the locking structure 20a3 is disconnected from the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a.

[0103] The half-axle differential connected to the wheels is in the second mode:

[0104] When the vehicle is in the condition of turning on the spot, such as Fig. 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the first shaft 130 receives torque. When the first dial 140 slides to the second position, the first dial 140 and the first shaft 130 are disconnected. The first dial 140 is transmission-connected to the housing 110 via the first transmission structure 160. The first stop structure 180 is connected to the first dial 140 to prevent the first dial 140 from rotating. The first dial 140 and the housing 110 are stationary. The first shaft 130 drives the first bevel gear 121 to rotate, the first bevel gear 121 drives the third bevel gear 123 to rotate, and the third bevel gear 123 drives the second bevel gear 122 to reverse. Reversal means that the second bevel gear 122 and the first bevel gear 121 rotate in opposite directions. In this way, the reverse torque is transmitted to the wheels connected to the half-axle differential via the bevel gear assembly. At this time, the wheels reverse. In one implementation, Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the vehicle is in a state of turning in place, the locking structure 20a3 is connected to the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a. The central differential 20a is locked. At this time, if the half-axle differential connected to the first wheel 40a is in the first mode and the half-axle differential connected to the second wheel 40b is in the second mode, the first wheel 40a can rotate forward and the second wheel 40b can rotate reversely.

[0105] When the vehicle is in a coasting condition, for example, before releasing the accelerator pedal and pressing the brake pedal, Fig. 9As shown, in some embodiments, the second shaft 150 receives torque. When the first dial 140 slides to the second position, the first dial 140 and the first shaft 130 are disconnected. The first dial 140 is connected to the housing 110 through the first transmission structure 160. The first stop structure 180 is connected to the first dial 140 to prevent the first dial 140 from rotating. The first dial 140 and the housing 110 are stationary. In this way, when the second shaft 150 drives the second bevel gear 122 to rotate, a reverse torque is generated, and a reverse torque disconnection function during sliding is realized. Exemplarily, the second bevel gear 122 drives the third bevel gear 123 to rotate, and the third bevel gear 123 drives the first bevel gear 121 to rotate. The first bevel gear 121 and the second bevel gear 122 rotate in opposite directions, generating a reverse torque. The reverse torque acts on the motor, realizing the reverse torque disconnection function of the motor during sliding.

[0106] When the vehicle is in normal working condition, that is, the accelerator pedal is pressed and the motor rotates forward, Fig. 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the first shaft 130 receives torque. The first dial 140 slides to the second position, the first dial 140 and the first shaft 130 are disconnected, and the first dial 140 rotates freely without torque output. At this time, the wheels do not rotate.

[0107] The half-axle differential connected to the wheels is in the third mode:

[0108] When the vehicle is in a stop-and-go state, that is, when the accelerator pedal is depressed and the motor is rotating forward, Fig. 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the first shaft 130 receives torque. The first dial 140 slides periodically between the first position and the second position. The first dial 140 is connected to the housing 110 through the first transmission structure 160. The first stop structure 180 is disconnected from the first dial 140, and the first dial 140 rotates freely. At this time, the wheel can rotate intermittently to achieve dynamic adjustment of the torque. In one implementation, Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the vehicle is in a stop-and-go condition, that is, the accelerator pedal is depressed and the motor rotates forward, when the half-axle differential connected to the wheel is in the third mode, the locking structure 20a3 is connected to the housing 20a4 of the central differential 20a, and the central differential 20a is locked. In this way, the wheel can rotate intermittently to achieve dynamic adjustment of torque. It can be understood that when the half-axle differential connected to the first wheel 40a is in the third mode, the first wheel 40a rotates intermittently. When the half-axle differential connected to the second wheel 40b is in the second mode, the second wheel 40b rotates intermittently.

[0109] In this way, by adjusting the position and rotation state of the first dial, the half-axle differential can output positive torque, no torque, reverse torque, and intermittent torque, thereby realizing positive, reverse, and intermittent rotation of the wheels, thereby enhancing the stability and safety of the vehicle under extreme working conditions.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A half-axle differential, characterized in that: include: shell; A bevel gear assembly, the bevel gear assembly comprising a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear; The third bevel gear is arranged between the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the axis of the first bevel gear is colinear with the axis of the second bevel gear, and the axis of the first bevel gear is perpendicular to the axis of the third bevel gear; the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are both meshed with the third bevel gear; the third bevel gear is rotatably connected to the housing; A first shaft, the first shaft is drivingly connected to the first bevel gear; an axis of the first bevel gear is colinear with an axis of the first shaft; a first dial and a first transmission structure, wherein the first dial is transmission-connected to the housing through the first transmission structure, and the first dial is configured to be able to slide relative to the housing along the axis of the first shaft; The second transmission structure is configured such that when the first dial slides to the first position, the first dial is connected to the first shaft through the second transmission structure; when the first dial slides to the second position, the first dial is disconnected from the first shaft.

2. The half-axle differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission structure includes a first protrusion and a first groove; One of the first protrusion and the first groove is arranged on the first dial, and the other is arranged on the housing; the first protrusion extends into the first groove; Along the axis of the first shaft, a width of the first groove is greater than a width of the first protrusion.

3. The half-axle differential according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first dial comprises a first bottom plate and a first boss disposed on the first bottom plate; The housing is provided with a first through hole; The first shaft is disposed in the first through hole; The first protrusion is arranged on the hole wall of the first through hole; the first groove is arranged on the first boss, and the first boss extends into the first through hole so that the first protrusion extends into the first groove.

4. The half-axle differential according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: There are a plurality of first protrusions, and the plurality of first protrusions are arranged at intervals around the first axis; There are a plurality of first grooves, and each of the first protrusions extends into one of the first grooves.

5. The half-axle differential according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The second transmission structure includes a second protrusion and a second groove; One of the second protrusion and the second groove is arranged on the first shaft, and the other is arranged on the first dial; When the first dial slides to the first position, the second protrusion extends into the second groove; when the first dial slides to the second position, the second protrusion is disconnected from the second groove.

6. The half-axle differential according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the first shaft, a plurality of the second protrusions are arranged on the first shaft at intervals; Along the circumference of the first dial, a plurality of the second grooves are arranged on the first dial at intervals; Each of the second protrusions is disposed in one of the second grooves.

7. The half-axle differential according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The half-axle differential further includes a first stop structure, and when the first dial slides to the second position and the half-axle differential is in the first state, the first stop structure is configured to prevent the first dial from rotating; When the first dial slides to the second position and the half-axle differential is in the second state, the first stop structure is disconnected from the first dial.

8. The half-axle differential according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The housing is arranged to form a receiving cavity; the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear are all arranged in the receiving cavity; A first through hole communicating with the accommodating cavity is formed on the outer end surface of the shell, and the first shaft passes through the first through hole.

9. The half-axle differential according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shell is cylindrical; The housing includes opposing first and second surfaces; The first through hole is formed on the first surface; A second through hole communicating with the accommodating cavity is provided on the second surface; The half-axle differential also includes: A second shaft passes through the second through hole and is connected to the second bevel gear.

10. The half-axle differential according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: A fixing column is arranged on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, and the third bevel gear is rotatably arranged on the fixing column.

11. The half-axle differential according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: A plurality of the third bevel gears are provided, and the plurality of the third bevel gears are arranged at intervals.

12. A drive axle, characterized in that: include: A half-axle differential as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11; A first half shaft, wherein the first half shaft is drivingly connected to the second bevel gear in the bevel gear system of the differential.

13. The drive axle according to claim 12, characterized in that: The drive axle also includes a central differential; The central differential includes a first output shaft and a second output shaft; Two half-axle differentials are provided, the first output shaft is drivingly connected to the first shaft of one half-axle differential; the second output shaft is drivingly connected to the first shaft of the other half-axle differential.

14. The drive axle according to claim 13, characterized in that: The central differential includes a locking structure, which is disposed on the first output shaft; when the half-axle differential is in a third state, the locking structure is configured to lock the central differential.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The drive axle according to any one of claims 12 to 14, The wheel is drivingly connected to the second bevel gear of the half-axle differential.

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