Friction block adjustable vehicle braking performance test experiment table and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction block adjustable vehicle braking performance test experiment table and a test method, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle test. The problems that the process of changing the layout, the size and the number of the friction blocks by manually replacing the friction blocks is tedious, and the experiment efficiency is low are solved. A plurality of friction block assemblies are arranged on a mounting plate; a first telescopic piece is arranged in each friction block assembly mounting groove and connected with a first friction block, the first friction block is sequentially sleeved with a plurality of second friction blocks of an annular structure, and at least two second telescopic pieces are annularly arranged on the first friction block. Each second friction block is provided with a connecting hole matched with the corresponding second telescopic piece. According to the invention, a plurality of groups of friction block assemblies capable of realizing automatic size change are arranged on the mounting plate, and the friction block assemblies at the corresponding positions can extend out according to the required layout mode, so that the required layout mode and the required number of friction blocks are achieved, and the test efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle testing, and in particular relates to a vehicle braking performance testing bench with adjustable friction blocks and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] The braking system is a series of special devices on the car that allow the outside world (mainly the road surface) to exert a certain force on certain parts of the car (mainly the wheels), thereby forcing it to brake to a certain extent. The function of the braking system is to force the moving car to slow down or even stop according to the driver's requirements.

[0003] Friction braking refers to the contact between the friction block and the brake disc, and the friction between the friction block and the brake disc stops the rotation of the brake pad to achieve the braking effect. The arrangement, size and number of friction blocks have a great influence on the braking effect. There are many arrangements of friction blocks in the prior art, and the contact area of ​​a single friction block is also different, but which specific arrangement is better remains to be explored. In order to explore the influence of the arrangement, size and number of friction blocks on the braking effect in the prior art, the invention patent with patent number CN 108414253 B discloses a high-speed train brake pad comprehensive braking performance test bench. The friction blocks on the brake pad of the test bench can be replaced, and the influence of the layout, size and number of friction blocks on the braking effect can be studied. However, the replacement method is manual replacement, and the number of friction blocks is large. If the friction blocks are manually replaced to change the layout, size and number of friction blocks, the process is cumbersome and the experimental efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem in the prior art that there are a large number of friction blocks and it is cumbersome to manually replace the friction blocks to change the layout, size and number of the friction blocks, resulting in low experimental efficiency, the present invention provides a vehicle braking performance test bench and test method with adjustable friction blocks.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A friction block adjustable vehicle braking performance test bench comprises a bottom plate, a brake disc drive module is arranged on the bottom plate, the brake disc drive module is connected to a brake disc, and a brake module and a data monitoring module are arranged around the brake disc;

[0007] The brake module comprises a position adjustment module connected to the base plate, the position adjustment module is connected to a loading mechanism, the loading mechanism is connected to a mounting plate, and a plurality of friction block assemblies are arranged on one side of the mounting plate close to the brake disc;

[0008] Each of the friction block assemblies comprises a mounting groove arranged on the mounting plate, a first telescopic member is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove, the first telescopic member is connected to the first friction block, a plurality of second friction blocks of annular structure are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the first friction block, at least two second telescopic members are arranged in an annular shape on the first friction block, and each of the second friction blocks is provided with a connecting hole matched with the second telescopic member;

[0009] The data monitoring module, the brake disc driving module, the first telescopic member and the second telescopic member of the position adjustment module are all electrically connected to a control system.

[0010] After adopting this technical solution, multiple groups of friction block assemblies that can automatically change size are arranged on the mounting plate in this technical solution, and the friction block assemblies at the corresponding positions can be extended according to the required layout to achieve the required layout and the required number of friction blocks. The friction block size, layout and number can be quickly adjusted, which effectively improves the test efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, a magnetic suspension mechanism is arranged between the second telescopic member and the connecting hole, and the magnetic suspension mechanism comprises a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet respectively arranged on the second telescopic member and the connecting hole, and the magnetic force between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet repels each other.

[0012] After adopting this technical solution, the gap between the second telescopic member and the connecting hole can be maintained by magnetic suspension, thereby avoiding wear caused by direct contact between the second telescopic member and the connecting hole, and reducing the damage rate of the second telescopic member.

[0013] Preferably, a fixing member is provided between each of the second friction blocks and the bottom of the mounting groove, and the fixing member comprises a third permanent magnet and a fourth permanent magnet respectively provided on the mounting groove and the second friction block.

[0014] After adopting this technical solution, the friction between the first friction block and the second friction block or between adjacent second friction blocks can be overcome by the cooperation of the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet, thereby preventing the second friction block not connected to the first friction block from moving with the first friction block.

[0015] Preferably, the position adjustment module comprises a radial position adjustment mechanism and a loading mechanism;

[0016] The radial position adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of T-shaped slots arranged on the bottom plate, each of which is provided with a slider, and the position adjustment module also includes a base, the base is connected to each slider, and a plurality of fixing bolts are also provided on the base, and the fixing bolts pass through the slider and are movably fixedly connected in the T-shaped slot;

[0017] The loading mechanism comprises a third telescopic member connected to the base, an end of the third telescopic member is connected to the mounting plate, and a telescopic direction of the third telescopic member is perpendicular to an extending direction of the T-shaped slot.

[0018] After adopting this technical solution, the relative position between the friction block assembly and the friction disc can be changed through the cooperation of the radial position adjustment mechanism and the loading mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, a height adjustment member is provided between the loading mechanism and the base, and a rotating mechanism is provided between the height adjustment member and the loading mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is used to make the side of the mounting plate provided with the friction block assembly face upward.

[0020] After adopting this technical solution, the height of the friction block assembly can be adjusted through the height adjustment assembly to meet the test of brake discs of different sizes. By setting a rotating mechanism, the side of the mounting plate with the friction block assembly is facing upward, and the wear condition (wear morphology, wear debris distribution, etc.) of the friction block surface can be detected by a mobile microscopic analysis and detection device as soon as possible without uninstalling the friction block, so as to avoid damage to the surface wear debris layer or oxide layer during the removal process of the friction block, or excessive surface oxidation due to long manual removal time, missing the best detection time, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of wear analysis testing.

[0021] Preferably, two loading mechanisms are provided, both loading mechanisms are connected with a mounting plate, and each mounting plate is provided with a plurality of friction block assemblies.

[0022] After adopting this technical solution, a mounting plate is arranged on each side of the brake disc to realize double-sided or simple braking, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the experiment.

[0023] Preferably, the data monitoring module includes a three-axis force sensor arranged on the position adjustment module, the three-axis force sensor is connected to the gate support, the mounting plate is connected to the gate support, and the gate support is provided with a three-axis vibration acceleration sensor. The data monitoring module also includes a thermal imaging device and a sound collection device arranged around the brake disc.

[0024] After adopting this technical solution, the temperature distribution and evolution process of the friction area on the brake disc surface can be recorded in real time through thermal imaging equipment, while the sound collection equipment can collect the noise signal generated by the brake interface in real time, and the three-axis force sensor can collect the friction force, normal force and radial force in real time during the test. The three-axis vibration acceleration sensor collects the vibration signals of the friction block in the normal, tangential and radial directions in real time.

[0025] Preferably, the brake disc drive module includes a support plate and a rolling bearing arranged on a base plate, a servo motor is arranged on the support plate, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to a coupling and extends from the rolling bearing to be connected to the mounting plate, and a reducer is arranged between the servo motor and the coupling.

[0026] After adopting this technical solution, the rotation of the brake disc can be achieved through the brake disc drive module.

[0027] A vehicle braking performance testing method comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1: Input the friction block layout, friction block size and friction block quantity required for the experiment into the control system;

[0029] S2: The control system starts the friction block assembly at the corresponding position according to the input information, and connects the first friction block and the corresponding number of second friction blocks into a whole by controlling the telescopic length of the second telescopic member, so as to achieve the required friction block size, and then drives the first friction block and the second friction block connected to the first friction block to extend through the first telescopic member, thereby completing the setting of the friction block;

[0030] S3: Adjust the position of the mounting plate through the position adjustment module so that the braking module reaches the required braking radius;

[0031] S4: The brake disc is driven to rotate by the brake disc drive module, and after stabilizing at a set speed, the loading mechanism is started to press the friction block assembly on the mounting plate against the brake disc at a set pressure, and the set loading force is maintained for braking, and the data during the braking process is collected by the data monitoring module;

[0032] S5: After the experiment, turn off the brake disc drive module and the loading mechanism, and separate the brake disc from the friction block assembly through the position adjustment module;

[0033] S6: Then change one or more of the friction block layout, friction block size and friction block quantity, and repeat steps S1-S5 until all required test conditions are tested, and then evaluate the braking effect by analyzing the collected experimental data.

[0034] Preferably, S5 also includes rotating the side of the mounting plate provided with the friction block assembly to face upward after the brake disc is separated from the friction block assembly by the position adjustment module.

[0035] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] 1. In the present invention, multiple groups of friction block assemblies that can automatically change size are arranged on the mounting plate, and the friction block assemblies at corresponding positions can be extended according to the required layout to achieve the required layout and the required number of friction blocks, which can realize rapid adjustment of the friction block size, layout and number, and effectively improve the test efficiency.

[0037] 2. The present invention can maintain the gap between the second telescopic member and the connecting hole through magnetic suspension, thereby avoiding wear caused by direct contact between the second telescopic member and the connecting hole, and reducing the damage rate of the second telescopic member.

[0038] 3. The present invention can overcome the friction between the first friction block and the second friction block or between adjacent second friction blocks through the cooperation of the third permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet, thereby preventing the second friction block that is not connected to the first friction block from moving with the first friction block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of one layout of the friction blocks on the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the friction block assembly in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0043] Among them, 1-base plate, 2-support plate, 3-servo motor, 4-reducer, 5-coupling, 6-rolling bearing, 7-connecting frame, 8-mounting plate, 9-brake disc, 10-base, 11-three-way vibration acceleration sensor, 12-T-slot, 13-height adjustment member, 14-second friction block, 15-first friction block, 16-first telescopic member, 17-first permanent magnet, 18-second permanent magnet, 19-second telescopic member, 20-third permanent magnet, 21-fourth permanent magnet, 22-connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A friction block adjustable vehicle braking performance test bench comprises a base plate 1, a brake disc drive module is arranged on the base plate 1, the brake disc drive module is connected to a brake disc 9, and a brake module and a data monitoring module are arranged around the brake disc 9;

[0048] The brake module comprises a position adjustment module connected to the base plate 1, the position adjustment module is connected to a loading mechanism, the loading mechanism is connected to a mounting plate 8, and a plurality of friction block assemblies are arranged on one side of the mounting plate 8 close to the brake disc 9;

[0049] Each of the friction block assemblies comprises a mounting groove arranged on the mounting plate 8, a first telescopic member 16 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove, the first telescopic member 16 is connected to a first friction block 15, a plurality of second friction blocks 14 of annular structure are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the first friction block 15, four second telescopic members 19 are symmetrically arranged around the ring on the first friction block 15, and each of the second friction blocks 14 is provided with a connecting hole 22 matched with the second telescopic member 19;

[0050] In this embodiment, Figure 2As shown, the number of the second friction blocks 14 is 3, the second friction blocks 14 are annular structures, and the first friction blocks 15 are cylindrical. In other embodiments, the first friction blocks 15 may also be in other shapes, for example, the cross section may be elliptical, rectangular, square, etc., and the second friction blocks 14 are annular structures with the same shape as the first friction blocks 15. In this way, the influence of different friction block shapes on the braking effect can be studied.

[0051] The data monitoring module, the brake disc driving module, the first telescopic member 16 and the second telescopic member 19 of the position adjustment module are all electrically connected to a control system.

[0052] In this embodiment, a fixing member is disposed between each of the second friction blocks 14 and the bottom of the mounting groove, and the fixing member includes a third permanent magnet 20 and a fourth permanent magnet 21 disposed on the mounting groove and the second friction block 14 respectively.

[0053] In this embodiment, the position adjustment module includes a radial position adjustment mechanism and a loading mechanism;

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the radial position adjustment mechanism includes four T-slots 12 arranged on the base plate 1, and the spacing between the four T-slots 12 is equal. A slider is arranged in each of the T-slots 12. The position adjustment module also includes a base 10, and the base 10 is connected to each slider. A plurality of fixing bolts are also arranged on the base 10. The fixing bolts pass through the slider and are movably fixedly connected in the T-slot 12. The fixing bolts can be engaged in or disengaged from the T-slot 12 by rotating the fixing bolts, so as to achieve the purpose of fixing the position of the friction block assembly after adjusting its position.

[0055] The loading mechanism includes a third telescopic member connected to the base 10 , an end of the third telescopic member is connected to the mounting plate 8 , and a telescopic direction of the third telescopic member is perpendicular to an extending direction of the T-slot 12 .

[0056] In this embodiment, a height adjustment member 13 is further provided between the third telescopic member and the base 10. The height of the friction block assembly can be adjusted by the height adjustment member to meet the test of brake discs of different sizes, and the use of the height adjustment member in combination with the radial position adjustment mechanism can realize the rapid adjustment of the friction radius.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first telescopic member 16, the second telescopic member 19 and the height adjustment member 13 are all electrically-operated telescopic structures, and the extension or shortening of the first telescopic member 16, the second telescopic member 19 and the height adjustment member 13 can be controlled by a control system.

[0058] In this embodiment, two loading mechanisms are provided, and both loading mechanisms are connected with a mounting plate 8, and a plurality of friction block assemblies are provided on each mounting plate 8. A mounting plate is provided on each side of the brake disc 9 to achieve double-sided or single-sided braking, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the experiment.

[0059] In this embodiment, the loading mechanism may be a hydraulic telescopic cylinder and a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, and in this embodiment, the loading mechanism is a hydraulic telescopic cylinder. The loading force of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder can be adjusted by a control system to perform friction experiments under different loading forces.

[0060] In this embodiment, the data monitoring module includes a three-axis force sensor arranged on the position adjustment module, the three-axis force sensor is connected to the gate support, the mounting plate 8 is connected to the gate support, the gate support is provided with a three-axis vibration acceleration sensor 11, and the data monitoring module also includes a thermal imaging device and a sound collection device arranged around the brake disc 9. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a connecting frame 7 is arranged on the base 10, and the thermal imaging device and the sound collection device are both arranged on the connecting frame 7. The thermal imaging device can record the temperature distribution and its evolution process of the friction area on the surface of the brake disc in real time, while the sound collection device can collect the noise signal generated by the brake interface in real time, and the three-axis force sensor can collect the friction force, normal force and radial force in real time during the test. The three-axis vibration acceleration sensor collects the vibration signals of the friction block in the normal, tangential and radial directions in real time.

[0061] In this embodiment, the brake disc drive module includes a support plate 2 and a rolling bearing 6 arranged on a base plate 1, a servo motor 3 is arranged on the support plate 2, an output shaft of the servo motor 3 is connected with a coupling 5, and extends from the rolling bearing 6 to be connected with a mounting plate 8, and a reducer 4 is arranged between the servo motor 3 and the coupling 5. The control system can drive the brake disc 9 to rotate by starting the servo motor 3 to simulate the process of vehicle form.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that: Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a magnetic suspension mechanism is arranged between the second telescopic member 19 and the connecting hole 22, and the magnetic suspension mechanism includes a first permanent magnet 17 and a second permanent magnet 18 respectively arranged in the second telescopic member 19 and the connecting hole 22, and the magnetic force between the first permanent magnet 17 and the second permanent magnet 18 repels each other. The gap between the second telescopic member 19 and the connecting hole 22 can be maintained by magnetic suspension, so that the wear caused by direct contact between the second telescopic member 19 and the connecting hole 22 is avoided, and the damage rate of the second telescopic member 19 is reduced.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a vehicle braking performance test method is performed using the vehicle braking performance test bench described in any one of Embodiments 1-3, and includes the following steps:

[0066] S1: Input the friction block layout, friction block size and friction block quantity required for the experiment into the control system;

[0067] S2: The control system starts the friction block assembly at the corresponding position according to the input information, and connects the first friction block 15 and the corresponding number of second friction blocks 14 into a whole by controlling the telescopic length of the second telescopic member 19, so as to achieve the required friction block size, and then drives the first friction block 15 and the second friction block 14 connected to the first friction block 15 to extend through the first telescopic member 16, thereby completing the setting of the friction block;

[0068] S3: adjusting the position of the mounting plate 8 by means of the position adjustment module so that the braking module reaches the required braking radius;

[0069] S4: The brake disc 9 is driven to rotate by the brake disc driving module, and after being stabilized at a set speed, the loading mechanism is started to press the friction block assembly on the mounting plate 8 against the brake disc 9 at a set pressure, and the set loading force is maintained for braking, and the data during the braking process is collected by the data monitoring module;

[0070] S5: After the experiment, the brake disc drive module and the loading mechanism are turned off, and the brake disc 9 is separated from the friction block assembly through the position adjustment module;

[0071] S6: Then change one or more of the friction block layout, friction block size and friction block quantity, and repeat steps S1-S5 until all required test conditions are tested, and then evaluate the braking effect by analyzing the collected experimental data.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 3, except that a rotating mechanism is further provided between the height adjustment member 13 and the loading mechanism, and the rotatable angle is 90 degrees. The rotating mechanism is used to make the side of the mounting plate 8 provided with the friction block assembly face upward. By providing the rotating mechanism, the side of the mounting plate 8 provided with the friction block assembly faces upward, and the wear condition, wear morphology, and wear debris distribution of the friction block surface can be detected by mobile microscopic analysis and detection equipment at the first time without unloading the friction block, so as to avoid damage to the surface wear debris layer or oxide layer during the disassembly process of the friction block, or excessive surface oxidation due to long manual disassembly time, missing the optimal detection time, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the wear analysis test.

[0074] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle braking performance test bench with adjustable friction blocks, characterized in that: It comprises a base plate (1), a brake disc drive module is arranged on the base plate (1), the brake disc drive module is connected to a brake disc (9), and a brake module and a data monitoring module are arranged around the brake disc (9); The brake module comprises a position adjustment module connected to a base plate (1), the position adjustment module being connected to a loading mechanism, the loading mechanism being connected to a mounting plate (8), and a plurality of friction block assemblies being arranged on a side of the mounting plate (8) close to the brake disc (9); Each of the friction block assemblies comprises a mounting groove arranged on a mounting plate (8), a first telescopic member (16) is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove, the first telescopic member (16) is connected to a first friction block (15), a plurality of second friction blocks (14) of annular structure are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the first friction block (15), at least two second telescopic members (19) are arranged in annular shape on the first friction block (15), and each of the second friction blocks (14) is provided with a connecting hole (22) matched with the second telescopic member (19); The data monitoring module, the brake disc driving module, the position adjustment module, the first telescopic member (16) and the second telescopic member (19) are all electrically connected to a control system.

2. The vehicle braking performance test bench with adjustable friction blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetic suspension mechanism is arranged between the second telescopic member (19) and the connecting hole (22), the magnetic suspension mechanism comprising a first permanent magnet (17) and a second permanent magnet (18) respectively arranged on the second telescopic member (19) and the connecting hole (22), the magnetic force between the first permanent magnet (17) and the second permanent magnet repelling each other.

3. The vehicle braking performance test bench with adjustable friction blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing member is arranged between each of the second friction blocks (14) and the bottom of the mounting groove, and the fixing member comprises a third permanent magnet (20) and a fourth permanent magnet (21) which are arranged on the mounting groove and the second friction block (14) respectively.

4. A vehicle braking performance test bench with adjustable friction blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The position adjustment module includes a radial position adjustment mechanism; The radial position adjustment mechanism comprises a plurality of T-shaped slots (12) arranged on a base plate (1), each of the T-shaped slots (12) being provided with a sliding block, and the position adjustment module further comprises a base, the base being connected to each sliding block, and the base being provided with a plurality of fixing bolts, the fixing bolts passing through the sliding block and being movably fixedly connected in the T-shaped slot (12).

5. The vehicle braking performance test bench with adjustable friction blocks according to claim 4 is characterized by: A height adjustment member (13) is also provided between the loading mechanism and the base, and a rotation mechanism is also provided between the height adjustment member (13) and the loading mechanism, the rotation mechanism being used to make the side of the mounting plate (8) provided with the friction block assembly face upwards.

6. The vehicle braking performance test bench with adjustable friction blocks according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two loading mechanisms are provided, and both loading mechanisms are connected to a mounting plate (8), and each mounting plate (8) is provided with a plurality of friction block assemblies.

7. A vehicle braking performance test bench with adjustable friction blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The data monitoring module comprises a three-axis force sensor arranged on the position adjustment module, the three-axis force sensor is connected to the gate support, the mounting plate (8) is connected to the gate support, and the gate support is provided with a three-axis vibration acceleration sensor (11). The data monitoring module also comprises a thermal imaging device and a sound collection device arranged around the brake disc (9).

8. The vehicle braking performance test bench with adjustable friction blocks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The brake disc drive module comprises a support plate (2) and a rolling bearing (6) arranged on a base plate (1); a servo motor (3) is arranged on the support plate (2); an output shaft of the servo motor (3) is connected to a coupling (5) and extends from the rolling bearing (6) to be connected to a mounting plate (8); a reducer (4) is arranged between the servo motor (3) and the coupling (5).

9. A vehicle braking performance testing method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Input the friction block layout, friction block size and friction block quantity required for the experiment into the control system; S2: The control system starts the friction block assembly at the corresponding position according to the input information, and connects the first friction block (15) and the corresponding number of second friction blocks (14) into a whole by controlling the telescopic length of the second telescopic member (19), thereby achieving the required friction block size, and then drives the first friction block (15) and the second friction block (14) connected to the first friction block (15) to extend through the first telescopic member (16), thereby completing the setting of the friction block; S3: adjusting the position of the mounting plate (8) by means of the position adjustment module so that the braking module reaches a desired braking radius; S4: driving the brake disc (9) to rotate through the brake disc driving module, and starting the loading mechanism after stabilizing at a set speed so that the friction block assembly on the mounting plate (8) is pressed against the brake disc (9) at a set pressure, and braking is performed while maintaining the set loading force, and collecting data during the braking process through the data monitoring module; S5: After the experiment is over, the brake disc driving module and the loading mechanism are turned off, and the brake disc (9) is separated from the friction block assembly through the position adjustment module; S6: Then change one or more of the friction block layout, friction block size and friction block quantity, and repeat steps S1-S5 until all required test conditions are tested, and then evaluate the braking effect by analyzing the collected experimental data.

10. A vehicle braking performance testing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: S5 also includes rotating the side of the mounting plate provided with the friction block assembly to face upward after the brake disc (9) is separated from the friction block assembly by the position adjustment module.

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