Impact testing device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of safety evaluation of energy storage materials, and relates to an impact test device and method. The device comprises a rotation acceleration part, a horizontal movement part and a striking collision part, the striking collision part comprises a firing pin and a grain; the rotary acceleration part comprises a rotary driving motor, an electromagnetic coupling and a rotary mechanism; the slewing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a slewing collision block connected to the tail end of the rotating shaft; the horizontal moving part comprises an X-axis driving source and a transmission mechanism; the rotary driving motor and the electromagnetic coupling are both connected with a control system, and when the rotating speed of the rotary collision block reaches a preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling is controlled to be disconnected; during vertical striking, the grain is placed in the protection chamber, and the striker extends into the protection chamber; during horizontal striking, the grain is placed in the anti-explosion tank, the anti-explosion tank is mounted on a vertically arranged fixed object, and the striker extends into the anti-explosion tank. The equipment meets the requirements of horizontal collision and vertical collision, and collision at any angle can even be realized only by adjusting the installation of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage material safety assessment, and in particular relates to an impact test device and method. Background Art

[0002] The main purpose of the energy storage material impact test is to evaluate its impact sensitivity and safety by simulating the impact conditions that the energy storage material may encounter in actual applications. Analyzing and studying the performance of energy storage materials under different pressures is the most basic and important experimental test method for the research and development of new energy storage materials. The core is to accelerate an impact block of a certain mass to a specified speed to collide with the explosive column, and detect specific physical quantities during or after the collision, so as to study the explosion of the explosive column at a specific impact speed and specific momentum. The general test method is to accelerate an impact block of a certain mass to a specified speed to collide with the explosive column, and detect specific physical quantities during or after the collision, so as to calibrate the explosion of the explosive column at a specific collision speed and specific momentum.

[0003] The current collision test system is to lift a mass block to a sufficient height through a lifting mechanism, and by releasing the mass block, a certain speed is generated at a certain height under the action of gravity acceleration, and collides with the charge at the lower end, thereby completing the charge impact test. According to the actual situation on site, the total height of the equipment is not higher than 2m. Since free fall is used within a range of 2 meters, its theoretical maximum speed is not higher than 6m / s. The acceleration speed of the system is limited. If you want to increase the impact speed, you need to increase the height of the strike block. Due to the relevant limitations of the equipment and site, the final impact velocity of the system is generally lower than 2m / s, which cannot meet the speed requirements of a high-speed impact of about 20m / s. If you want to achieve a high-altitude impact, the equipment will be very large.

[0004] The speed of the traditional energy storage material impact system is generated by free fall. During the falling process, it is affected by various resistances such as friction. The impact speed is often different each time (poor repeatability), and it is difficult to accurately control the impact speed, which seriously restricts the research and development of new energy storage materials.

[0005] Traditional energy storage material impact testing systems can generally only meet the impact testing requirements in the vertical direction, and cannot meet the impact testing requirements in multiple directions at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an impact test device and method, which solves the problems of low impact speed, uncontrollable impact speed and failure to meet impact test requirements during the existing energy storage material impact test.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention discloses an impact testing device, comprising a rotation acceleration part, a horizontal movement part and an impact collision part;

[0009] The striking collision part includes a firing pin and a charge; the charge is placed in the protective structure, the firing pin extends into the protective structure, and the bottom of the firing pin contacts the charge;

[0010] The rotation acceleration part includes a rotary drive motor, an electromagnetic coupling, a rotary support seat and a rotary mechanism; the rotary mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a rotary collision block connected to the end of the rotating shaft;

[0011] The horizontal moving part includes a frame, an X-axis driving source and a transmission mechanism; the X-axis driving source drives the slewing bearing seat to move horizontally through the transmission mechanism;

[0012] The rotary drive motor and the electromagnetic coupling are both connected to a control system; the control system stores a preset speed, which is used to control the electromagnetic coupling to disconnect when the rotation speed of the rotary collision block reaches the preset speed;

[0013] The protection structure includes a protection room and an explosion-proof tank; the protection room is arranged under the frame;

[0014] When used for vertical strike, the charge is placed in the protection chamber, and the firing pin extends into the protection chamber in the vertical direction;

[0015] When used for horizontal strikes, the explosive column is placed in an explosion-proof tank, the explosion-proof tank is mounted on a vertically set fixed object, and the firing pin extends into the explosion-proof tank in a horizontal direction.

[0016] Further, the rotation acceleration part is arranged above the frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotation acceleration part also includes a motor bracket, which is arranged on one side of the slewing support seat;

[0018] The rotary drive motor is installed on the upper end of the motor bracket, and the X-axis drive source is installed on the lower end of the motor bracket.

[0019] Furthermore, the connection position between the rotary impact block and the rotating shaft is offset from the center of the rotary impact block to form two rotary arms; during the rotation process, the end of the longer section of the rotary arm collides with the striker.

[0020] Furthermore, a counterweight block is provided at the end of the shorter side of the rotating arm of the rotating impact block.

[0021] Furthermore, a middle striker guide sleeve is installed at the inlet of the protection room and the explosion-proof tank.

[0022] Furthermore, the X-axis driving source may be a servo motor or a cylinder.

[0023] Furthermore, the rotary impact block is made of structural steel.

[0024] Furthermore, the collision speed of the rotating collision block is 0 to 20 m / s.

[0025] The present invention also discloses an impact method of the impact testing device, including the following two situations:

[0026] Vertical impact:

[0027] Place the powder column in the protection chamber, and extend the firing pin into the protection chamber;

[0028] The control system controls the rotation of the rotary drive motor. When the rotation is accelerated to a preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling is powered off, and the rotary impact block is disengaged from the rotary drive motor. At this time, the rotary impact block is in an inertial rotation state;

[0029] The control system starts the X-axis driving source, and the X-axis driving source drives the slewing bearing seat and the slewing impact block to move toward the striker through the transmission mechanism;

[0030] When the rotary impact block moves above the striker, the X-axis drive source is turned off, and at the same time, the rotary impact block collides with the striker to achieve vertical collision, completing the vertical collision detection of the drug column;

[0031] Horizontal impact:

[0032] The explosive column is placed in an explosion-proof tank, which is mounted on a vertically fixed object, and the firing pin is inserted into the explosion-proof tank;

[0033] The control system controls the rotation of the rotary drive motor. When the rotation is accelerated to a preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling is powered off, and the rotary impact block is disengaged from the rotary drive motor. At this time, the rotary impact block is in an inertial rotation state;

[0034] The control system starts the X-axis driving source, and the X-axis driving source drives the slewing bearing seat and the slewing impact block to move toward the striker through the transmission mechanism;

[0035] When the rotary impact block moves to one end of the striker, the X-axis drive source is turned off. At the same time, the rotary impact block collides with the striker to achieve horizontal collision, thereby completing the horizontal collision detection of the drug column.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0037] The present invention discloses an impact test device, including a rotation acceleration part, a horizontal movement part and an impact collision part; the rotation acceleration part includes a rotary drive motor, an electromagnetic coupling, a rotary support seat and a rotary mechanism, the rotary mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a rotary impact block connected to the end of the rotating shaft; the horizontal movement part includes an X-axis drive source and a transmission mechanism; the impact collision part includes a striker and a powder column. The rotary drive motor drives the rotary mechanism to rotate through the electromagnetic coupling, which can increase the rotation speed of the rotary impact block. After the speed of the rotary impact block meets the requirements, the X-axis drive source is controlled to move the rotary impact block to the striker position to complete the impact experiment. By using rotational motion and horizontal motion, the rotary impact block hits the striker. The rotary impact block is not subject to any friction, the energy loss is small, the error is small, it can be carried out according to the pre-requirements, and the repeatability is high.

[0038] The present invention adopts a rotational acceleration impact method, which can accurately control the collision speed of the rotating impact block, and can increase the collision speed by increasing the rotation speed of the rotating drive motor. The rotation speed of the rotating impact block can be increased to a relatively high speed, and then the rotating impact block is disconnected from the rotating drive motor. The rotating impact block realizes the impact on the impact pin under inertial rotation, avoiding the long acceleration distance required by the prior art, and the size of the equipment can be greatly reduced. At the same time, it can also avoid the drive motor from being damaged by rebound.

[0039] The firing pin of the present invention can be installed vertically or horizontally. When installed vertically, the explosive column is placed in the protection chamber, the firing pin extends into the protection chamber, and the collision rotates along the vertical plane to achieve vertical strike; when installed horizontally, the explosive column is placed in the explosion-proof tank, the explosion-proof tank is installed on a vertically set fixed object, the firing pin extends into the explosion-proof tank, and the striking rotation plane is a horizontal plane to achieve horizontal strike. The device takes into account the needs of horizontal and vertical collisions, and collisions at any angle can be achieved by simply adjusting the installation of the device.

[0040] Furthermore, the collision speed of the present invention has a wide range, which is adjustable from 0 to 20 m / s, can be adjusted accurately, and can meet the speed requirement of a high-speed impact of about 20 m / s. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the impact testing device of the present invention in a vertical striking state;

[0042] Figure 2 An exploded view of the impact test device of the present invention in a vertical impact state;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the impact testing device of the present invention in a horizontal striking state;

[0044] Among them, 1. frame; 2. X-axis drive motor; 3. coupling; 4. motor bracket; 5. rotary drive motor; 6. electromagnetic coupling; 7. rotary support seat; 8. rotary impact block; 9. counterweight block; 10. X guide rail; 11. X-axis screw; 12. screw bearing seat; 13. firing pin; 14. firing pin guide sleeve; 15. protection room; 16. powder column; 17. protection door; 18. explosion-proof tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0046] The components described and shown in the drawings and embodiments of the present invention may be arranged and designed in various configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents a selected embodiment of the present invention. Based on the drawings and embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, element, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to the process, element, method, article or device. In addition, the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" are based on the orientation and positional relationship of the devices or components shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of better describing the present invention, rather than requiring the devices, components or equipment shown to have this specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention discloses an impact testing device, which can realize horizontal and vertical impact of energy storage materials, wherein the collision mass and collision speed are controllable.

[0049] The impact test device consists of three parts: a rotation acceleration part, a horizontal movement part, and an impact collision part.

[0050] The rotation acceleration part includes a motor bracket 4, a rotary drive motor 5, an electromagnetic coupling 6, a rotary support seat 7, a rotary mechanism and a counterweight 9; the rotary mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a rotary impact block 8 connected to the end of the rotating shaft.

[0051] The striking collision part includes a firing pin 13 and a charge 16 .

[0052] The motor bracket 4 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1, and the motor bracket 4 is arranged on one side of the slewing support seat 7. The motor bracket 4 is used to fix and support the slewing drive motor 5. The slewing drive motor 5 is connected to the rotating shaft through the electromagnetic coupling 6. The rotating shaft runs through the slewing support seat 7. The slewing support seat 7 supports the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft rotates under the drive of the slewing drive motor 5, thereby driving the slewing collision block 8 to rotate.

[0053] Preferably, the connection position of the swivel impact block 8 and the rotating shaft is offset from the center of the swivel impact block 8, so that the swivel impact block 8 takes the rotating shaft as the center, and the two rotating arms are of unequal lengths. During the rotation process, the end of the swivel impact block 8 with a longer arm length collides with the striker 13. Since the impact is completed in an instant after rotation, the impact platform needs to be pushed in at this time, and only one end can collide, so the time reserved for pushing in is a full circle, about 0.3s / 20m. If the two rotating arms are of equal length, then both ends will strike, and the required pushing speed will be faster (0.3 / 2=0.15s). This design is mainly to reserve enough time for the pushing action.

[0054] More preferably, a counterweight block 9 is provided at the end of the shorter side of the rotating arm of the rotating impact block 8, so as to balance the rotating impact block 8 and realize high-speed stable rotational motion, thereby avoiding eccentric motion.

[0055] like Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, the two ends of the rotary impact block 8 are designed to be bent structures, mainly for installing counterweights of different weights, which is equivalent to a clamp.

[0056] The rotary impact block 8 is generally made of structural steel, such as 316L stainless steel.

[0057] Specifically, a mounting hole is prefabricated at the upper end of the motor bracket 4, and the rotary drive motor 5 is installed in the mounting hole.

[0058] The horizontal moving part includes a frame 1, an X-axis driving source and a transmission mechanism; the X-axis driving source drives the horizontal movement of the slewing bearing seat 7 through the transmission mechanism. The X-axis driving source can be a servo motor or a cylinder.

[0059] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with Example 1 and Example 2.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention discloses an impact test device for vertical impact, wherein a protection chamber 15 is provided below a frame 1, a charge 16 is placed in the protection chamber 15, a firing pin guide sleeve 14 is mounted on the frame 1, and a firing pin 13 passes through the firing pin guide sleeve 14 and extends into the protection chamber 15, wherein the bottom of the firing pin 13 contacts the charge 16, and when a rotating impact block 8 collides with the firing pin 13, the firing pin 13 transfers the impact momentum to the charge 16 in a vertical direction, thereby realizing a vertical impact.

[0062] The protection chamber 15 is arranged below the frame 1 , and a protection door 17 is provided on one side of the protection chamber 15 to achieve protection against the collision process.

[0063] The rotary drive motor 5 and the electromagnetic coupling 6 are connected to a control system, in which a preset speed is preset. When the rotation speed of the rotary impact block 8 reaches the preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling 6 is controlled to be disconnected.

[0064] The preset speed is designed to be 0-20 m / s, and the speed is adjustable. The reason why the present invention can reach 20 m / s is that the rotary drive motor 5 is used to drive the rotary impact block 8, and the rotation speed of the rotary drive motor 5 is adjustable.

[0065] The basic logic operation of the impact test device of the present invention is: when the rotation is accelerated to a certain speed, the electromagnetic coupling 6 is powered off, so that the rotary impact block 8 is disengaged from the rotary drive motor 5, and the rotary impact block 8 is in an inertial rotation state. Then, the X-axis drive motor 2 pushes the rotary support seat 7 and the rotary impact block 8 to move forward (such as Figure 1 After being pushed for a certain distance, the rotating collision block 8 collides with the firing pin 13 to achieve high-speed collision, thereby completing the collision detection of the drug column 16.

[0066] Because high-speed impact will rebound, if the drive motor 5 is not disengaged, it will cause serious damage to the drive motor 5. Therefore, at the moment of impact, the drive motor 5 needs to be disengaged from the rotating collision block 8.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention discloses an impact test device for horizontal impact, and the impact collision part includes a firing pin 13, a firing pin guide sleeve 14, a powder column 16 and an explosion-proof tank 18. The explosion-proof tank 18 is fixed on a fixed object such as a wall when in use, and the firing pin 13 passes through the firing pin guide sleeve 14 and extends into the explosion-proof tank 18. The bottom of the firing pin 13 contacts the powder column 16. When the rotating impact block 8 collides with the firing pin 13, the firing pin 13 will transfer the impact momentum to the powder column 16 in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving horizontal impact.

[0068] The transmission mechanism is further described in detail below in combination with Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the X-axis driving source adopts a servo motor, and the transmission mechanism includes a coupling 3, an X-guide rail 10, and an X-axis lead screw 11; a slider is provided at the bottom of the slewing support seat 7, and the slider and the X-guide rail 10 form a slider guide mechanism; the X-axis driving motor 2 is connected to the X-axis lead screw 11 through the coupling 3, and the X-axis lead screw 11 is connected to the bottom of the slewing support seat 7 through a lead screw nut pair, thereby realizing the rotational movement of the X-axis lead screw 11 to drive the horizontal movement of the slewing support seat 7.

[0071] Specifically, both ends of the X-axis lead screw 11 are connected to the lead screw bearing seat 12 , and the lead screw bearing seat 12 supports the X-axis lead screw 11 .

[0072] Example 4

[0073] The X-axis driving source adopts a servo motor, and the transmission mechanism includes an X-guide rail 10 and a gear rack mechanism; the gear rack mechanism includes a bevel gear pair and a rack, and the bevel gear pair includes a driving gear and a driven gear. The rack is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slewing support seat 7, and the output shaft of the X-axis driving motor 2 is connected to the driving gear to convert the rotational motion of the X-axis driving motor 2 into linear motion. The horizontal displacement of the rack drives the slewing support seat 7 to move.

[0074] Slide blocks are also provided on both sides of the rack. The slide blocks are connected to the bottom of the slewing support seat 7. The slide blocks and the X guide rails 10 form a slide rail mechanism to play a guiding role.

[0075] During the experiment, all data and experimental phenomena should be accurately recorded for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collision test device, characterized in that: It includes a rotation acceleration part, a horizontal movement part and a striking collision part; The striking collision part comprises a firing pin (13) and a charge (16); the charge (16) is placed in the protective structure, the firing pin (13) extends into the protective structure, and the bottom of the firing pin (13) contacts the charge (16); The rotation acceleration part comprises a rotary drive motor (5), an electromagnetic coupling (6), a rotary support seat (7) and a rotary mechanism; the rotary mechanism comprises a rotary shaft and a rotary impact block (8) connected to the end of the rotary shaft; The horizontal moving part comprises a frame (1), an X-axis driving source and a transmission mechanism; the X-axis driving source drives the slewing support seat (7) to move horizontally through the transmission mechanism; The rotary drive motor (5) and the electromagnetic coupling (6) are both connected to a control system; a preset speed is stored in the control system and is used to control the electromagnetic coupling (6) to disconnect when the rotation speed of the rotary collision block (8) reaches the preset speed; The protection structure comprises a protection chamber (15) and an explosion-proof tank (18); the protection chamber (15) is arranged below the frame (1); When used for vertical striking, the charge (16) is placed in the protection chamber (15), and the firing pin (13) extends into the protection chamber (15) along the vertical direction; When used for horizontal striking, the explosive column (16) is placed in an explosion-proof tank (18), the explosion-proof tank (18) is mounted on a vertically arranged fixed object, and the firing pin (13) extends into the explosion-proof tank (18) along the horizontal direction.

2. The impact testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation acceleration part is arranged above the frame (1).

3. The impact testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation acceleration part also includes a motor bracket (4), and the motor bracket (4) is arranged on one side of the slewing support seat (7); The rotary drive motor (5) is mounted on the upper end of the motor bracket (4), and the X-axis drive source is mounted on the lower end of the motor bracket (4).

4. The impact testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection position between the rotary impact block (8) and the rotating shaft is offset from the center of the rotary impact block (8) to form two rotary arms; during the rotation process, the end of the longer section of the rotary arm collides with the striker (13).

5. The impact testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A counterweight block (9) is provided at the end of the shorter side of the rotating arm of the rotating collision block (8).

6. The impact testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A striker guide sleeve (14) is installed at the entrance of the protection chamber (15) and the explosion-proof tank (18).

7. The impact testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis drive source can be a servo motor or a cylinder.

8. The impact testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary collision block (8) is made of structural steel.

9. The impact testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collision speed of the rotating collision block (8) is 0-20 m / s.

10. The impact method of the impact testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: This includes the following two situations: Vertical impact: The charge column (16) is placed in the protection chamber (15), and the firing pin (13) is extended into the protection chamber (15); The control system controls the rotation of the rotary drive motor (5). When the rotation is accelerated to a preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling (6) is powered off, and the rotary impact block (8) is disengaged from the rotary drive motor (5). At this time, the rotary impact block (8) is in an inertial rotation state. The control system starts the X-axis driving source, and the X-axis driving source drives the slewing support seat (7) and the slewing collision block (8) to move toward the direction close to the striker (13) through the transmission mechanism; When the rotary impact block (8) moves to above the striker (13), the X-axis driving source is turned off, and at the same time, the rotary impact block (8) collides with the striker (13) to achieve vertical collision, thereby completing vertical collision detection of the drug column (16); Horizontal impact: The explosive column (16) is placed in an explosion-proof tank (18), the explosion-proof tank (18) is mounted on a vertically fixed object, and the firing pin (13) is inserted into the explosion-proof tank (18); The control system controls the rotation of the rotary drive motor (5). When the rotation is accelerated to a preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling (6) is powered off, and the rotary impact block (8) is disengaged from the rotary drive motor (5). At this time, the rotary impact block (8) is in an inertial rotation state. The control system starts the X-axis driving source, and the X-axis driving source drives the slewing support seat (7) and the slewing collision block (8) to move toward the direction close to the striker (13) through the transmission mechanism; When the rotary impact block (8) moves to one end of the striker (13), the X-axis driving source is turned off, and at the same time, the rotary impact block (8) collides with the striker (13) to achieve horizontal collision, thereby completing the horizontal collision detection of the drug column (16).

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