An impact testing device and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of energy storage material safety evaluation, and relates to an impact testing device and method. The device comprises a rotary acceleration part, a horizontal movement part and a striking collision part; the striking collision part comprises a striking pin and a propellant charge; the rotary acceleration part comprises a rotary drive motor, an electromagnetic coupling and a rotary mechanism; the rotary mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a rotary striker connected to the end of the rotating shaft; the horizontal movement part comprises an X-axis drive source and a transmission mechanism; the rotary drive motor and the electromagnetic coupling are both connected with a control system, and the electromagnetic coupling is disconnected when the rotary speed of the rotary striker reaches a preset speed; when vertically striking, the propellant charge is placed in a protective chamber, and the striking pin extends into the protective chamber; when horizontally striking, the propellant charge is placed in an explosion-proof tank, the explosion-proof tank is installed on a vertically arranged fixed object, and the striking pin extends into the explosion-proof tank. The device meets the requirements of horizontal collision and vertical collision, and only needs to adjust the installation of the device to realize collision at any angle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of safety evaluation of energy storage materials, and particularly relates to an impact testing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The main purpose of the impact experiment of energy storage materials is to evaluate the impact sensitivity and safety of the energy storage materials by simulating the impact conditions that the energy storage materials may encounter in actual application. Analyzing and researching the performance behavior of the energy storage materials under different pressures is the most basic and important experimental test means for developing new energy storage materials. The core is to accelerate a certain mass of impact block to a specified speed and collide with the propellant column, and detect the specific physical quantity in the collision process or after the collision, so as to study the explosion of the propellant column under a certain impact speed and a certain momentum. The general test method is to accelerate a certain mass of impact block to a specified speed and collide with the propellant column, and detect the specific physical quantity in the collision process or after the collision, so as to calibrate the explosion of the propellant column under a certain impact speed and a certain momentum.

[0003] The current impact experiment system is to lift a mass block to a sufficient height through a lifting mechanism, release the mass block, generate a certain speed under the action of gravity acceleration at a certain height, and collide with the propellant column at the lower end, so as to complete the propellant impact experiment. According to the actual situation, the total height of the equipment is not higher than 2m. Since the free fall is adopted within 2m, the theoretical maximum speed is not higher than 6m / s. The acceleration speed of the system is limited. If the impact speed is to be improved, the height of the impact block needs to be increased. Due to the related restrictions of the equipment and the site, the impact final speed of the system is generally lower than 2m / s, which cannot meet the speed requirement of about 20m / s high-speed impact. If high-speed impact is to be realized, the equipment will be very large.

[0004] The speed generated by the traditional energy storage material impact system is generated by free fall, which is affected by friction and various resistances in the falling process. The impact speed is different each time (poor repeatability), and the impact speed cannot be accurately controlled, which seriously restricts the research and development of new energy storage materials.

[0005] The traditional energy storage material impact test system can generally only meet the vertical impact test requirement, and cannot meet the impact test requirement of multiple directions at the same time. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide an impact testing device and method, which solves the problems of low impact speed, uncontrollable impact speed and inability to meet the impact test requirements in the existing energy storage material impact test process.

[0007] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The application discloses an impact testing device, which comprises a rotary acceleration part, a horizontal movement part and a hitting collision part.

[0009] The hitting collision part comprises a punch pin and a cartridge; the cartridge is placed in a protective structure, and the punch pin extends into the protective structure, with the bottom of the punch pin in contact with the cartridge.

[0010] The rotary acceleration part comprises a rotary drive motor, an electromagnetic coupling, a rotary supporting seat and a rotary mechanism; the rotary mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a rotary block connected to the end of the rotating shaft.

[0011] The horizontal movement part comprises a rack, an X-axis drive source and a transmission mechanism; the X-axis drive source drives the rotary supporting seat to move horizontally through the transmission mechanism.

[0012] The rotary drive motor and the electromagnetic coupling are both connected with a control system; the control system stores a preset speed, and is used to control the electromagnetic coupling to be disconnected when the rotary speed of the rotary block reaches the preset speed.

[0013] The protective structure comprises a protective chamber and an explosion-proof tank; the protective chamber is arranged below the rack.

[0014] When used for vertical hitting, the cartridge is placed in the protective chamber, and the punch pin extends into the protective chamber along the vertical direction.

[0015] When used for horizontal hitting, the cartridge is placed in the explosion-proof tank, the explosion-proof tank is installed on a vertically arranged fixed object, and the punch pin extends into the explosion-proof tank along the horizontal direction.

[0016] Further, the rotary acceleration part is arranged above the rack.

[0017] Further, the rotary acceleration part further comprises a motor support, and the motor support is arranged at one side of the rotary supporting seat.

[0018] The rotary drive motor is installed at the upper end of the motor support, and the X-axis drive source is installed at the lower end of the motor support.

[0019] Further, the rotary block is connected to the rotating shaft at a position deviated from the center of the rotary block, so that two rotary arms are formed; during the rotation, the end of the longer rotary arm collides with the punch pin.

[0020] Further, a counterweight is arranged at the end of the shorter rotary arm of the rotary block.

[0021] Further, a punch pin guide sleeve is arranged at the inlet of the protective chamber and the explosion-proof tank.

[0022] Further, the X-axis drive source can be a servo motor or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0023] Further, the rotary block is made of structural steel.

[0024] Further, the impact speed of the rotating impact block is 0-20 m / s.

[0025] The application further discloses an impact method of the impact testing device, including the following two cases:

[0026] Vertical impact:

[0027] The propellant grain is placed in the protective chamber, and the striker is extended into the protective chamber;

[0028] The control system controls the rotation of the rotating drive motor, and when the rotation is accelerated to a preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling is powered off, and the rotating impact block is disconnected from the rotating drive motor, at this time, the rotating impact block is in an inertial rotation state;

[0029] The control system starts the X-axis drive source, and the X-axis drive source pushes the rotating support seat and the rotating impact block to move towards the striker through a transmission mechanism;

[0030] When the rotating impact block moves above the striker, the X-axis drive source is closed, and the rotating impact block collides with the striker, realizing vertical impact and completing vertical impact detection of the propellant grain;

[0031] Horizontal impact:

[0032] The propellant grain is placed in the explosion-proof tank, the explosion-proof tank is installed on a vertically arranged fixed object, and the striker is extended into the explosion-proof tank;

[0033] The control system controls the rotation of the rotating drive motor, and when the rotation is accelerated to a preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling is powered off, and the rotating impact block is disconnected from the rotating drive motor, at this time, the rotating impact block is in an inertial rotation state;

[0034] The control system starts the X-axis drive source, and the X-axis drive source pushes the rotating support seat and the rotating impact block to move towards the striker through a transmission mechanism;

[0035] When the rotating impact block moves to one end of the striker, the X-axis drive source is closed, and the rotating impact block collides with the striker, realizing horizontal impact and completing horizontal impact detection of the propellant grain.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0037] The application discloses a kind of impact test devices, including rotating acceleration part, horizontal movement part and strike collision part;Rotating acceleration part includes rotary drive motor, electromagnetic coupling, rotary support seat and rotary mechanism, rotary mechanism includes shaft and rotary block connected at the end of shaft;Horizontal movement part includes X-axis drive source and transmission mechanism;Strike collision part includes punch pin and propellant grain.Rotary drive motor is driven rotary mechanism rotation by electromagnetic coupling, can enlarge the rotating speed of rotary block, after the speed of rotary block meets the requirement, control X-axis drive source moves rotary block to punch pin position, cooperates to complete impact experiment.Rotary motion and horizontal motion are utilized, so that rotary block hits punch pin, rotary block is not subjected to any friction, energy loss is small, error is small, can be carried out according to pre-requires, and repeatability is high.

[0038] The application adopts rotating acceleration impact method, can accurately control the impact speed of rotary block, and can increase the impact speed by increasing the rotating speed of rotary drive motor, can increase the rotating speed of rotary block to a relatively high speed, then disconnects rotary block and rotary drive motor, and rotary block realizes impact on punch pin under inertia rotation, avoids the long acceleration distance required by prior art, equipment volume can be greatly reduced, and damage of drive motor by rebound can also be avoided.

[0039] The punch pin of the application can be vertically installed or horizontally installed.When vertically installed, propellant grain is placed in a protective chamber, punch pin extends into the protective chamber, impact rotates along vertical plane, and vertical impact is realized;When horizontally installed, propellant grain is placed in an explosion-proof tank, the explosion-proof tank is installed on a vertically arranged fixed object, punch pin extends into the explosion-proof tank, and the impact rotating plane is horizontal plane, so that horizontal impact is realized.The equipment meets the requirements of horizontal impact and vertical impact, and only needs to adjust the installation of the device to realize impact at any angle.

[0040] Further, the impact speed range of the application is large, and can be adjusted from 0 to 20 m / s, can be accurately adjusted, and can meet the speed requirement of about 20 m / s high-speed impact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the impact test device of the application in vertical impact state;

[0042] Figure 2 It is an explosion view of the impact test device of the application in vertical impact state;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the impact test device of the application in horizontal impact state;

[0044] Wherein, 1, rack; 2, X-axis drive motor; 3, coupling; 4, motor support; 5, rotary drive motor; 6, electromagnetic coupling; 7, rotary bearing seat; 8, rotary ram; 9, counterweight; 10, X guide rail; 11, X-axis screw; 12, screw bearing seat; 13, ram; 14, ram guide sleeve; 15, protection chamber; 16, propellant charge; 17, protection door; 18, explosion-proof tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the following will be further described in detail in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application, that is, the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present application, but not all examples.

[0046] The components described and shown in the drawings and examples of the present application can be arranged and designed in various different configurations, therefore, the detailed description of the examples of the present application provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only to represent a selected embodiment of the present application. Based on the drawings and examples of the present application, all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, element, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes the elements inherent in the process, element, method, article or equipment. In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" are based on the position and relationship of the device or component shown in the drawings, and are only used to better describe the present application, and are not required to have the specific position of the device, component or equipment, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0048] As Figures 1-3 shown, the present application discloses a kind of impact test device, energy storage material can be realized horizontal and vertical impact, wherein collision mass and collision speed are controllable.

[0049] Impact test device includes three parts: rotary acceleration part, horizontal movement part, hit collision part.

[0050] Rotary acceleration part includes motor support 4, rotary drive motor 5, electromagnetic coupling 6, rotary bearing seat 7, rotary mechanism and counterweight 9;Rotary mechanism includes shaft and rotary ram 8 connected at the end of shaft.

[0051] Hit collision part includes ram 13 and propellant charge 16.

[0052] The motor support 4 is fixedly installed on the frame 1, and is arranged at one side of the rotary bearing seat 7, and is used for fixing and supporting the rotary drive motor 5. The rotary drive motor 5 is connected with the rotating shaft through the electromagnetic coupling 6, the rotating shaft penetrates through the rotary bearing seat 7, the rotary bearing seat 7 supports the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft rotates under the driving of the rotary drive motor 5, and further drives the rotary impact block 8 to rotate.

[0053] More preferably, the rotary impact block 8 is connected with the rotating shaft at a position deviated from the center of the rotary impact block 8, so that the rotary impact block 8 is centered on the rotating shaft, and the lengths of the two rotating arms are not equal. In the rotating process, the end of the shorter arm of the rotary impact block 8 collides with the striker 13. Since the striking is completed in an instant after the rotation, the striking platform needs to be pushed in at this time, and only one end can collide, so the time reserved for pushing in is one full circle, about 0.3s / 20m. If the lengths of the two rotating arms are equal, both ends strike, and the pushing-in speed is required to be faster (0.3 / 2=0.15s). This design mainly reserves sufficient time for the pushing-in action.

[0054] More preferably, a counterweight 9 is arranged at the end of the shorter rotating arm of the rotary impact block 8, which can balance the rotary impact block 8 and realize high-speed stable rotating motion, thereby avoiding eccentric motion.

[0055] As shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3 The two ends of the rotary impact block 8 are designed in a bent structure, mainly for installing counterweights of different weights, which are equivalent to clamps.

[0056] The rotary impact block 8 is generally made of structural steel, such as 316L stainless steel.

[0057] Specifically, the motor support 4 is preformed with a mounting hole at the upper end, and the rotary drive motor 5 is installed in the mounting hole.

[0058] The horizontal moving part includes the frame 1, an X-axis driving source and a transmission mechanism; the X-axis driving source drives the horizontal movement of the rotary bearing seat 7 through the transmission mechanism. The X-axis driving source can be a servo motor or an air cylinder.

[0059] The application will be further described in detail in combination with Examples 1 and 2.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present application discloses a kind of impact testing device for vertical impact, protective chamber 15 is equipped in the lower of rack 1, propellant grain 16 is placed in protective chamber 15, striker guide sleeve 14 is installed on rack 1, after striker 13 passes through striker guide sleeve 14, it is extended to protective chamber 15, the bottom of striker 13 is in contact with propellant grain 16, when rotary block 8 collides with striker 13, striker 13 will transmit impact momentum to propellant grain 16 along vertical direction, to realize vertical impact.

[0062] Protective chamber 15 is arranged below rack 1, and a protective door 17 is arranged on one side of the protective chamber 15 to protect the impact process.

[0063] The rotary drive motor 5 and the electromagnetic coupling 6 are connected to a control system, which has a preset speed. When the rotational speed of the rotary block 8 reaches the preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling 6 is disconnected.

[0064] The preset speed is designed to be 0-20 m / s, and the speed is adjustable. The present application can reach 20 m / s because the rotary drive motor 5 is used to drive the rotary block 8, and the rotation of the rotary drive motor 5 can be adjusted.

[0065] The basic logic action of the impact testing device of the present application is: when the rotation is accelerated to a certain speed, the electromagnetic coupling 6 is powered off, so that the rotary block 8 is disconnected from the rotary drive motor 5, and at this time the rotary block 8 is in an inertial rotation state. Then, the X-axis drive motor 2 pushes the rotary bearing seat 7 and the rotary block 8 to move forward (as shown in Figure 1 from left to right). When a certain distance is pushed, the rotary block 8 collides with the striker 13, achieving high-speed impact, and thus completing the impact detection of the propellant grain 16.

[0066] Due to the rebound caused by high-speed impact, if the drive motor 5 is not disconnected, it will cause serious damage to the drive motor 5. Therefore, the drive motor 5 needs to be disconnected from the rotary block 8 at the moment of impact.

[0067] As shown in Figure 3 The present application discloses a kind of impact testing device for horizontal impact, and the impact collision part includes striker 13, striker guide sleeve 14, propellant grain 16 and explosion-proof tank 18. The explosion-proof tank 18 is fixed on a fixed object such as a wall when in use, the striker 13 is extended into the explosion-proof tank 18 after passing through the striker guide sleeve 14, and the bottom of the striker 13 is in contact with the propellant grain 16. When the rotary block 8 collides with the striker 13, the striker 13 will transmit impact momentum to the propellant grain 16 along the horizontal direction, thereby realizing horizontal impact.

[0068] The transmission mechanism will be further described in detail in combination with Examples 3 and 4.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the X-axis driving source adopts a servo motor, the transmission mechanism includes a shaft coupling 3, an X-rail 10, and an X-axis screw 11; the bottom of the rotary bearing seat 7 is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block and the X-rail 10 form a sliding block-rail mechanism; the X-axis driving motor 2 is connected with the X-axis screw 11 through the shaft coupling 3, and the X-axis screw 11 is connected with the bottom of the rotary bearing seat 7 through a screw-nut pair, so as to realize the rotary motion of the X-axis screw 11 to drive the horizontal movement of the rotary bearing seat 7.

[0071] Specifically, the X-axis screw 11 is connected at both ends in a screw bearing seat 12, and the screw bearing seat 12 supports the X-axis screw 11.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] The X-axis driving source adopts a servo motor, and the transmission mechanism includes an X-rail 10 and a gear-rack mechanism; the gear-rack mechanism includes a bevel gear pair and a rack, the bevel gear pair includes a driving gear and a driven gear, the rack is fixedly connected at the bottom of the rotary bearing seat 7, and the output shaft of the X-axis driving motor 2 is connected with the driving gear to convert the rotary motion of the X-axis driving motor 2 into linear motion, and the horizontal displacement of the rack drives the movement of the rotary bearing seat 7.

[0074] Sliding blocks are also arranged at both sides of the rack, and the sliding blocks are connected at the bottom of the rotary bearing seat 7, and the sliding blocks and the X-rail 10 form a sliding block-rail mechanism to play a guiding role.

[0075] During the experiment, various data and experimental phenomena should be accurately recorded for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or replaced by the same, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, any modification or equivalent replacement, which should be covered in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An impact testing device, characterized by, The rotating acceleration part, the horizontal moving part and the impact collision part are included. The impact collision part includes a striker (13) and a cartridge (16); the cartridge (16) is placed in a protective structure, and the striker (13) extends into the protective structure, with the bottom of the striker (13) in contact with the cartridge (16). The rotating acceleration part includes a rotary drive motor (5), an electromagnetic coupling (6), a rotary bearing seat (7) and a rotary mechanism; the rotary mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a rotary impact block (8) connected to the end of the rotating shaft; the rotary drive motor (5) is connected to the rotating shaft through the electromagnetic coupling (6), and the rotating shaft penetrates through the rotary bearing seat (7). The horizontal moving part includes a rack (1), an X-axis drive source and a transmission mechanism; the X-axis drive source drives the rotary bearing seat (7) to move horizontally through the transmission mechanism. The rotary drive motor (5) and the electromagnetic coupling (6) are both connected to a control system; the control system stores a preset speed, which is used to control the electromagnetic coupling (6) to be disconnected when the rotating speed of the rotary impact block (8) reaches the preset speed. The protective structure includes a protective chamber (15) and an explosion-proof tank (18); the protective chamber (15) is arranged below the rack (1). When used for vertical impact, the cartridge (16) is placed in the protective chamber (15), and the striker (13) extends into the protective chamber (15) along the vertical direction. When used for horizontal impact, the cartridge (16) is placed in the explosion-proof tank (18), the explosion-proof tank (18) is installed on a vertically arranged fixed object, and the striker (13) extends into the explosion-proof tank (18) along the horizontal direction.

2. A drop test device according to claim 1, wherein The rotating acceleration part is arranged above the rack (1).

3. A shock testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The rotating acceleration part further includes a motor support (4), which is arranged on one side of the rotary bearing seat (7). The rotary drive motor (5) is installed on the upper end of the motor support (4), and the X-axis drive source is installed on the lower end of the motor support (4).

4. A shock testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The rotary impact block (8) is connected to the rotating shaft at a position deviated from the center of the rotary impact block (8), forming two rotating arms; in the rotating process, the end of the longer rotating arm collides with the striker (13).

5. A shock testing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein A counterweight (9) is arranged at the end of the shorter rotating arm of the rotary impact block (8).

6. The impact testing device of claim 1, wherein, A striker guide sleeve (14) is installed at the inlet of the protective chamber (15) and the explosion-proof tank (18).

7. The impact testing device of claim 1, wherein, The X-axis drive source can be a servo motor or a pneumatic cylinder.

8. The impact testing device of claim 1, wherein, The rotary impact block (8) is made of structural steel.

9. The impact testing device of claim 1, wherein, The impact speed of the rotary impact block (8) is 0-20 m / s.

10. A method of impact testing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The following two cases are included: Vertical impact: The cartridge (16) is placed in the protective chamber (15), and the striker (13) extends into the protective chamber (15); The control system controls the rotation of the rotary drive motor (5); when the rotation speed reaches the preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling (6) is powered off, and the rotary impact block (8) is disconnected from the rotary drive motor (5); at this time, the rotary impact block (8) is in an inertial rotating state; The control system starts the X-axis drive source, which drives the rotary bearing seat (7) and the rotary impact block (8) to move towards the striker (13) through the transmission mechanism; When the rotary striker (8) moves above the striker (13), the X-axis drive source is closed, and at the same time, the rotary striker (8) collides with the striker (13) to realize vertical impact and complete the vertical impact detection of the cartridge (16); Horizontal impact: Place the cartridge (16) in the explosion-proof tank (18), install the explosion-proof tank (18) on the vertically arranged fixed object, and extend the striker (13) into the explosion-proof tank (18); The control system controls the rotation of the rotary drive motor (5), and when the rotation speed reaches the preset speed, the electromagnetic coupling (6) is powered off, and the rotary striker (8) is disconnected from the rotary drive motor (5). At this time, the rotary striker (8) is in an inertial rotation state; The control system starts the X-axis drive source, and the X-axis drive source drives the rotary support seat (7) and the rotary striker (8) to move towards the striker (13) through the transmission mechanism; When the rotary striker (8) moves to one end of the striker (13), the X-axis drive source is closed, and at the same time, the rotary striker (8) collides with the striker (13) to realize horizontal impact and complete the horizontal impact detection of the cartridge (16).

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