PCS equipment grid-connected and off-grid switching photoelectric control device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage converters, and discloses a grid-connected and off-grid switching photoelectric control device for PCS (Power Control System) equipment, which is characterized in that a double-isolation barrier of a power grid side and a control side is constructed through photoelectric isolation and photoelectric conversion processing of a control signal between a main controller and a power grid controller; intrusion paths of interference signals such as voltage fluctuation and surge are thoroughly blocked, a control loop is prevented from being influenced by electromagnetic coupling interference from the source, the risk of false triggering of a control instruction is effectively reduced, and stability and accuracy of control signal transmission in a complex power environment are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage converter technology, specifically to a PCS device and an off-grid switching photoelectric control device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing power conditioner systems (PCS) often employ traditional electromagnetic relays or purely electrical control schemes for on-grid and off-grid switching. The grid side and the PCS control side lack isolation design, and voltage fluctuations and surge signals can easily intrude into the control unit, causing false triggering of switching commands. Furthermore, the transmission of electrical control signals is affected by interference, resulting in switching response times on the order of hundreds of milliseconds. This cannot meet the uninterrupted power supply requirements of sensitive loads. At the same time, due to the lack of a precise switching status detection mechanism, it is difficult to quickly determine whether the switching is successful, which can easily lead to power outages or equipment conflicts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a PCS device for on-grid and off-grid switching photoelectric control to solve the problem of interference affecting the transmission of electrical control signals.

[0004] This invention provides a photoelectric control device for grid-connected / off-grid switching of PCS equipment, comprising: a main controller and a grid controller. The main controller is connected to the grid controller and outputs grid-connected control signals or off-grid control signals. After photoelectric isolation and photoelectric conversion processing, the signals are transmitted to the grid controller. Simultaneously, the main controller receives the switching status signals of the load switch and grid status information fed back by the grid controller. Based on a preset threshold, the main controller determines the switching conditions to achieve fault self-diagnosis and operation status control. The grid controller is connected to the load switch and collects grid status information and transmits it to the main controller. After receiving the control signals from the main controller, the grid controller drives the load switch to switch on and off after photoelectric isolation and photoelectric conversion processing to complete the grid-connected / off-grid switching.

[0005] In one optional implementation, the main controller includes: a main control chip, a digital isolator, a power grid status detection module, and a first photoelectric control module, wherein the main control chip is connected to the first photoelectric control module through the digital isolator, and the photoelectric control module is connected to the power grid controller; the power grid status detection module is connected to the main control chip and the power grid controller.

[0006] In one optional implementation, the first photoelectric control module includes: a first transmitting photoelectric control module and a first receiving photoelectric control module, wherein the first transmitting photoelectric control module is connected to the digital isolator and the power grid controller; and the first receiving photoelectric control module is connected to the digital isolator and the power grid controller.

[0007] In one optional implementation, the first transmitting photoelectric control module includes: a first switching circuit and a first photoelectric conversion circuit, wherein the first switching circuit is connected to a digital isolator and the first photoelectric conversion circuit; and the first photoelectric conversion circuit is connected to a power grid controller.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the first receiving photoelectric control module includes: a second switching circuit and a second photoelectric conversion circuit, wherein the second switching circuit is connected to the digital isolator and the second photoelectric conversion circuit; and the second photoelectric conversion circuit is connected to the power grid controller.

[0009] In one optional implementation, the power grid controller includes: a load switch photoelectric control module and a power grid information acquisition module, wherein the load switch photoelectric control module is connected to the main controller and the load switch; and the power grid information acquisition module is connected to the load switch.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the load switch photoelectric control module includes: a second transmitting photoelectric control module and a second receiving photoelectric control module, wherein the second transmitting photoelectric module is connected to the main controller and the load switch; and the second receiving photoelectric module is connected to the main controller and the load switch.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the second photoelectric control module includes: a third photoelectric conversion circuit, a third switching circuit, and a first optocoupler isolation circuit, wherein the third photoelectric conversion circuit is connected to the main controller and the third switching circuit; the third switching circuit is connected to the first optocoupler isolation circuit; and the first optocoupler isolation circuit is connected to the load switch.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the second receiving photoelectric control module includes: a fourth photoelectric conversion circuit, a fourth switching circuit, a second optocoupler isolation circuit, and a fifth switching circuit, wherein the fourth photoelectric conversion circuit is connected to the main controller and the fourth switching circuit; the fourth switching circuit is connected to the second optocoupler isolation circuit; the second optocoupler isolation circuit is connected to the fifth switching circuit; and the fifth switching circuit is connected to the load switch.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the main controller further includes: an isolation power supply and a control power supply, wherein the isolation power supply is used to power the digital isolator, the main control chip, and the power grid status detection module; and the control power supply is used to power the power grid controller.

[0014] Beneficial effects: By implementing opto-isolation and opto-conversion processing of control signals between the main controller and the grid controller, a dual isolation barrier is constructed between the grid side and the control side. This completely blocks the intrusion path of interference signals such as voltage fluctuations and surges, preventing the control loop from being affected by electromagnetic coupling interference from the source. This effectively reduces the risk of false triggering of control commands and ensures the stability and accuracy of control signal transmission in complex power environments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the composition of a PCS device and an off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is another component diagram of the PCS device and the off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is another component diagram of the PCS device and the off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a composition diagram of the main controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a composition diagram of a power grid controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is another component diagram of a power grid controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is another component diagram of a power grid controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is another component diagram of the main controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a flowchart of grid-connected / off-grid switching according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0019] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] This embodiment provides a PCS device and an off-grid switching photoelectric control device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: main controller 1 and power grid controller 2.

[0021] The main controller 1 is connected to the grid controller 2. The main controller 1 is used to output grid-connected control signals or off-grid control signals. After photoelectric isolation and photoelectric conversion processing, the signals are transmitted to the grid controller 2. At the same time, the main controller 1 receives the switching status signals of the load switch and the grid status information fed back by the grid controller 2. Based on the preset threshold, the switching conditions are judged to realize fault self-diagnosis and operation status control.

[0022] Specifically, the main controller 1 establishes a stable bidirectional signal transmission connection with the grid controller 2. As the core decision-making and control unit of the entire device, the main controller 1 can accurately output grid-connected control signals or off-grid control signals according to the system's preset operating strategy, external control commands, or real-time grid status. During the control signal transmission process, electromagnetic interference between the grid side and the control side is completely blocked through opto-isolation technology to prevent voltage fluctuations, surges, and other signal intrusions from causing false command triggering. Then, opto-conversion is used to achieve the adaptation and conversion of the signal transmission form, ensuring that the control signal is transmitted to the grid controller 2 efficiently and without delay. At the same time, the main controller 1 receives load switch switching status signals and grid status information from the grid controller 2 in real time. Combined with preset grid voltage, frequency thresholds, and switching logic conditions, it dynamically determines whether the grid-connected and off-grid switching requirements are met. It also has a fault self-diagnosis function, which can promptly identify various abnormal situations such as abnormal signal transmission and switching action timeouts and trigger alarm mechanisms, realizing full-process and refined control of the device's operating status and ensuring the stability of system operation.

[0023] The grid controller 2 is connected to the load switch 3. The grid controller 2 is used to collect grid status information and transmit it to the main controller 1. After receiving the control signal from the main controller 1, the load switch 3 is driven to switch on and off after photoelectric isolation and photoelectric conversion processing to complete the off-grid switching.

[0024] Specifically, the grid controller 2 establishes a reliable drive connection with the load switch 3, undertaking the dual core responsibilities of status acquisition and switching execution. On the one hand, the grid controller 2 continuously and accurately acquires key status information such as grid voltage and frequency, and transmits it stably to the main controller 1 after signal processing, providing real and accurate data support for its switching decisions. On the other hand, after receiving the control signal sent by the main controller 1, the grid controller 2 first further isolates interference through opto-isolation processing, and then converts the signal into a form suitable for the drive requirements of the load switch 3 through opto-conversion. By enhancing the drive capability, it achieves precise control over the on / off switching of the load switch 3, thereby reliably completing the on / off grid switching action. Throughout the process, the grid controller 2 can provide real-time feedback on the on / off status of the load switch 3, forming a closed-loop control, ensuring rapid response and precise execution of the switching action, effectively compressing the switching response time to the millisecond level, significantly improving the switching success rate, ensuring the uninterrupted power supply requirements of sensitive loads, and adapting to the operating requirements of complex power environments.

[0025] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the main controller 1 includes: a main control chip 11, a digital isolator 12, a power grid status detection module 13, and a first photoelectric control module 14. The main control chip 11 is connected to the first photoelectric control module 14 through the digital isolator 12, and the photoelectric control module is connected to the power grid controller 2; the power grid status detection module 13 is connected to the main control chip 11 and the power grid controller 2.

[0026] The main control chip 11 is responsible for core operations and logic judgments. It establishes a bidirectional signal transmission channel with the first optoelectronic control module 14 through the digital isolator 12. The digital isolator 12 can block electromagnetic interference between the power grid side and the control side, and prevent signal intrusion such as voltage fluctuations and surges from causing false triggering of instructions or signal distortion.

[0027] The first optoelectronic control module 14 is responsible for converting electrical signals to optical signals. On the one hand, it converts the control signals output by the main control chip 11 into optical signals that are suitable for long-distance and interference-resistant transmission and transmits them accurately to the grid controller 2. On the other hand, it receives the optical signals fed back by the grid controller 2 and converts them into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the main control chip 11 via the digital isolator 12, thus realizing the closed-loop transmission of control commands and status feedback.

[0028] The power grid status detection module 13 serves as the core of data acquisition. It is bidirectionally connected to the main control chip 11 on one end, continuously collecting key information such as power grid voltage, frequency, and the on / off status of switching circuits. After processing, the information is transmitted to the main control chip 11, providing accurate data support for it to judge the conditions for grid connection and disconnection and perform fault self-diagnosis. On the other end, it establishes a signal interaction connection with the power grid controller 2, synchronously sharing power grid status data to ensure that the decision-making basis of the power grid controller 2 and the main control chip 11 is consistent, and to ensure the coordination and accuracy of grid connection and disconnection actions. The overall architecture improves the stability of control signals, the anti-interference ability of transmission, and the accuracy of switching decisions through modular division of labor and reliable connection.

[0029] Optionally, the main control chip 11 can be a DSP chip, model TMS320F28374, with the GPIO port of the DSP chip outputting control signals; the digital isolator 12 can be an isolation chip, model ISO7831DWR.

[0030] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first photoelectric control module 14 includes: a first transmitting photoelectric control module 141 and a first receiving photoelectric control module 142, wherein the first transmitting photoelectric control module 141 is connected to the digital isolator 12 and the power grid controller 2; and the first receiving photoelectric control module 142 is connected to the digital isolator 12 and the power grid controller 2.

[0031] Specifically, the first photoelectric control module 141 establishes a one-way signal transmission connection with the digital isolator 12 and the grid controller 2 respectively. Its core function is to perform photoelectric conversion processing on the control signal (grid-connected control signal or off-grid control signal) processed by the main controller 1 through the digital isolator 12, converting the electrical signal into an optical signal with stronger anti-interference capability. This ensures that the control signal is not affected by factors such as electromagnetic interference and voltage fluctuations on the grid side during transmission, achieving stable and distortion-free signal transmission and accurately delivering it to the grid controller 2 to drive subsequent switching actions, thus providing a guarantee for rapid response of grid-connected and off-grid switching.

[0032] Specifically, the first receiving photoelectric control module 142 also establishes unidirectional signal transmission connections with the digital isolator 12 and the grid controller 2 respectively. It is mainly responsible for receiving the switching status signal of the load switch 3 fed back by the grid controller 2. First, it converts the transmitted optical signal into an electrical signal through photoelectric conversion, and then transmits it to the main control chip 11 after further isolating interference through the digital isolator 12. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the feedback signal and provides real and effective data support for the main control chip 11 to determine whether the switching is successful and whether the grid status meets the requirements. This forms a complete signal transmission closed loop and ensures the orderly progress of the entire control process.

[0033] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 4As shown, the first photoelectric control module 141 includes: a first switching circuit 1411 and a first photoelectric conversion circuit 1412, wherein the first switching circuit 1411 is connected to the digital isolator 12 and the first photoelectric conversion circuit 1412; the first photoelectric conversion circuit 1412 is connected to the power grid controller 2.

[0034] One end of the first switching circuit 1411 establishes a signal receiving connection with the digital isolator 12, and the other end achieves precise docking with the first photoelectric conversion circuit 1412. Its core function is to receive the control signal that has been isolated from electromagnetic interference after being processed by the digital isolator 12. Through signal driving and amplification processing, it enhances the signal's load capacity and driving strength, ensuring that the signal can meet the requirements of subsequent photoelectric conversion. At the same time, it further blocks any possible residual interference signals, thus building a solid defense for the pure transmission of the signal.

[0035] The first photoelectric conversion circuit 1412 is specifically responsible for converting the signal transmission format. Its input end is closely connected to the first switching circuit 1411. It receives the amplified electrical signal and efficiently converts it into an optical signal with stronger anti-interference ability and lower transmission loss. Its output end establishes a stable optical signal transmission link with the grid controller 2, and transmits the converted optical signal to the grid controller 2 accurately and without delay. This provides reliable signal support for the grid controller 2 to execute the off-grid switching command, effectively avoiding the problem that traditional electrical signal transmission is susceptible to voltage fluctuations and surge interference.

[0036] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first receiving photoelectric control module 142 includes: a second switching circuit 1421 and a second photoelectric conversion circuit 1422, wherein the second switching circuit is connected to the digital isolator 12 and the second photoelectric conversion circuit 1422; the second photoelectric conversion circuit 1422 is connected to the power grid controller 2.

[0037] The second photoelectric conversion circuit 1422 establishes a stable optical signal receiving link with the grid controller 2. Its core function is to receive the key feedback optical signal of the load switch 3 switching state transmitted by the grid controller 2. It uses photoelectric conversion technology to efficiently restore the strong anti-interference optical signal into a pure electrical signal, avoiding signal distortion caused by electromagnetic interference and voltage fluctuations during transmission, and ensuring the authenticity of the feedback data.

[0038] One end of the second switching circuit is closely connected to the second photoelectric conversion circuit 1422, receiving its output electrical signal. Through signal amplification and shaping, the driving capability and stability of the signal are improved, enabling the signal to accurately adapt to the input requirements of the digital isolator 12. At the same time, it further filters out any residual interference noise. The other end establishes a signal transmission connection with the digital isolator 12, smoothly transmitting the optimized electrical signal to the digital isolator 12. After the digital isolator 12 blocks the electromagnetic coupling interference between the grid side and the control side, the signal is finally transmitted to the main control chip 11, realizing safe and distortion-free transmission of the feedback signal. This ensures that the main control chip 11 can accurately grasp the switching execution status and grid operation status in real time, providing strong support for grid connection and disconnection switching decisions and fault diagnosis.

[0039] Optionally, both the first switching circuit 1411 and the second switching circuit are composed of MOSFETs, specifically MMBT3904; the first photoelectric conversion circuit 1412 is a photoelectric conversion transmitting chip of model AFBR-2521CZ; and the second photoelectric conversion circuit 1422 is a photoelectric conversion receiving chip of model AFBR-1521CZ.

[0040] In one optional implementation, the power grid status monitoring module uses a voltage divider resistor sampling and frequency detection circuit. The signal is filtered by an isolation operational amplifier (model: NSI1312D) and then connected to an operational amplifier (model: OPA4348) to be transmitted to the sampling port of the PCS main control chip 11.

[0041] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the power grid controller 2 includes: a load switch photoelectric control module 21 and a power grid information acquisition module 22, wherein the load switch photoelectric control module 21 is connected to the main controller 1 and the load switch 3; and the power grid information acquisition module 22 is connected to the load switch 3.

[0042] The load switch photoelectric control module 21 establishes a bidirectional optical signal transmission connection with the main controller 1, and simultaneously constructs a reliable drive control connection with the load switch 3. Its core responsibility is to receive grid-connected or off-grid control signals transmitted by the main controller 1, isolate interference coupling between the grid side and the control side through photoelectric isolation, and then enhance the drive capability through signal adaptation and conversion to accurately control the closing and opening actions of the load switch 3, thereby achieving a smooth switch between grid-connected and off-grid operation modes. At the same time, this module monitors the actual on / off status of the load switch 3 in real time, and feeds back the switching status signal to the main controller 1 after photoelectric conversion, forming a closed-loop control, allowing the main controller 1 to promptly grasp the switching execution status and avoid power supply problems caused by abnormal switching.

[0043] The power grid information acquisition module 22 establishes a status detection connection with the load switch 3, while maintaining stable data transmission with the main controller 1. It continuously collects core parameters of power grid operation, covering key status information such as power grid voltage and frequency. After signal processing and optimization, it transmits complete and accurate status information to the main controller 1. This provides the main controller 1 with comprehensive and accurate data support for determining whether the power grid meets the grid connection conditions and whether off-grid switching needs to be triggered. This ensures that the main controller 1's switching decisions are scientific and reasonable, further improving the operational reliability and response timeliness of the entire device in complex power environments.

[0044] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the load switch photoelectric control module 21 includes: a second transmitting photoelectric control module 211 and a second receiving photoelectric control module 212, wherein the second transmitting photoelectric module is connected to the main controller 1 and the load switch 3; the second receiving photoelectric module is connected to the main controller 1 and the load switch 3.

[0045] The second photoelectric control module 211 establishes a status feedback channel between the load switch 3 and the main controller 1. One end maintains a real-time detection connection with the load switch 3, continuously capturing key status information such as the on / off status of the load switch 3, the progress of the switching action, and the stability of the circuit operation, ensuring comprehensive perception of the switching execution. The other end establishes an optical signal transmission connection with the main controller 1, performing photoelectric conversion processing on the captured electrical signal status information, converting it into an optical signal with strong anti-interference capability and low transmission loss, avoiding the influence of electromagnetic interference and voltage fluctuations on the status feedback signal from the power grid side, and accurately transmitting it to the main controller 1. This provides the main controller 1 with real and timely feedback data to determine whether the switching is successful and whether there are any abnormal faults, forming a feedback closed loop in the control process.

[0046] The second receiving photoelectric control module 212 is responsible for receiving and executing control commands from the main controller 1. One end establishes a stable optical signal receiving link with the main controller 1, accurately receiving grid-connected or off-grid control signals from the main controller 1. Through photoelectric conversion technology, it restores the optical signal to a pure electrical signal adapted to the driving requirements of the load switch 3. Simultaneously, the signal is amplified to enhance the driving capability, ensuring the signal can effectively drive the load switch 3. The other end establishes a reliable driving connection with the load switch 3, accurately outputting the processed control signal to the control port of the load switch 3, controlling the load switch 3 to smoothly close or open, achieving reliable switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation modes. Throughout the process, the synchronization and accuracy of the switching action are strictly guaranteed, effectively supporting the switching response time and success rate to meet design standards, providing a solid guarantee for uninterrupted power supply to sensitive loads.

[0047] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 7As shown, the second photoelectric control module 211 includes: a third photoelectric conversion circuit 2111, a third switching circuit 2112, and a first optocoupler isolation circuit 2113. The third photoelectric conversion circuit 2111 is connected to the main controller 1 and the third switching circuit 2112; the third switching circuit 2112 is connected to the first optocoupler isolation circuit 2113; and the first optocoupler isolation circuit 2113 is connected to the load switch 3.

[0048] The third photoelectric conversion circuit 2111 undertakes the core responsibility of signal transmission form conversion. One end establishes a stable optical signal transmission connection with the main controller 1, and the other end achieves precise docking with the third switching circuit 2112. It can receive the electrical signal processed by the third switching circuit 2112 and efficiently convert it into an optical signal with strong anti-interference ability and low transmission loss, ensuring that the status information is transmitted to the main controller 1 without distortion in complex power environments. At the same time, the circuit can be reverse-adapted to the signal reception requirements of the main controller 1, ensuring bidirectional compatibility and transmission stability of the feedback link.

[0049] The third switching circuit 2112 is a key link in signal optimization processing. One end is closely connected to the first optocoupler isolation circuit 2113 to receive the isolated status signal of the load switch 3; the other end establishes a signal transmission channel with the third photoelectric conversion circuit 2111 to output the optimized electrical signal smoothly, providing a high-quality signal source for subsequent photoelectric conversion and avoiding misjudgment by the main controller 1 due to weak or distorted signals.

[0050] The first optocoupler isolation circuit 2113 serves as an interference isolation barrier between the load switch 3 and the control link. One end establishes a status detection connection with the load switch 3, capturing key information such as the on / off status and switching action completion status of the load switch 3 in real time and converting it into electrical signals. The other end connects with the third switch circuit 2112 to completely block electromagnetic coupling interference between the grid side and the control side through optocoupler isolation technology, preventing interference signals such as voltage fluctuations and surges from intruding into the feedback link. This ensures that the status signals transmitted to the third switch circuit 2112 are authentic and pure, guaranteeing the accuracy of status feedback from the source. Ultimately, this enables the main controller 1 to achieve real-time and precise control over the switching status of the load switch 3, providing solid support for the closed-loop control of grid-connected and off-grid switching.

[0051] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 7As shown, the second receiving photoelectric control module 212 includes: a fourth photoelectric conversion circuit 2121, a fourth switching circuit 2122, a second optocoupler isolation circuit 2123, and a fifth switching circuit 2124. The fourth photoelectric conversion circuit 2121 is connected to the main controller 1 and the fourth switching circuit 2122; the fourth switching circuit 2122 is connected to the second optocoupler isolation circuit 2123; the second optocoupler isolation circuit 2123 is connected to the fifth switching circuit 2124; and the fifth switching circuit 2124 is connected to the load switch 3.

[0052] The fourth photoelectric conversion circuit 2121 establishes a stable bidirectional optical signal transmission link with the main controller 1 at one end. Its core responsibility is to accurately capture the grid-connected or off-grid optical signal control commands issued by the main controller 1. Relying on photoelectric conversion technology, it efficiently restores the optical signal with strong anti-interference and low transmission loss into a pure electrical signal, thereby avoiding the signal distortion problem caused by grid voltage fluctuations and electromagnetic radiation interference in traditional electrical signal transmission from the source, and laying a high-quality signal foundation for subsequent command execution. Its other end is closely connected to the fourth switching circuit 2122 to output the converted electrical signal smoothly, ensuring the continuity and stability of signal transmission.

[0053] As a key component of signal optimization processing, the fourth switching circuit 2122 receives the electrical signal output from the fourth photoelectric conversion circuit 2121 and performs signal amplification, shaping, and filtering. On the one hand, it significantly improves the driving strength and stability of the signal, enabling the signal to accurately match the input electrical characteristics of the second optocoupler isolation circuit 2123 and avoid transmission interruption due to insufficient signal strength. On the other hand, it deeply filters out any residual grid noise and electromagnetic interference signals in the signal, further purifying the signal quality. Subsequently, the optimized and standardized electrical signal is stably transmitted to the second optocoupler isolation circuit 2123.

[0054] The second optocoupler isolation circuit 2123 undertakes the dual core responsibilities of isolation protection and signal relay. As a key electrical isolation barrier between the power grid side and the control side, it completely blocks harmful signals such as electromagnetic coupling interference and surge pulses from the power grid side from entering the control circuit through optocoupler isolation technology. This effectively avoids problems such as false triggering of switching commands and damage to circuit components caused by interference, and ensures the safe operation of the control link. At the same time, on the basis of isolating interference, this circuit completely retains the core logic information of the control signal and smoothly transmits it to the fifth switching circuit 2124, ensuring that the signal can still maintain integrity and accuracy after isolation processing.

[0055] The fifth switching circuit 2124, serving as the direct drive execution unit for the load switch 3, establishes a reliable signal connection with the second optocoupler isolation circuit 2123 on one end. It receives the isolated control signal and, through its built-in power amplification and characteristic adaptation mechanism, specifically strengthens the signal, increasing its drive power and matching the action response characteristics of the load switch 3 to meet the switching drive requirements of load switches 3 at different power levels. On the other end, it establishes a stable drive connection with the load switch 3, accurately outputting the processed drive signal to the control port of the load switch 3. This drives the load switch 3 to smoothly and quickly complete its closing or opening action, achieving seamless switching between grid-connected and off-grid operation modes. The entire link, through multi-stage signal optimization and isolation protection, not only ensures reliable transmission and execution of control commands but also effectively supports a millisecond-level switching response time, guaranteeing uninterrupted power supply to sensitive loads and adapting to stable operation requirements in complex power environments.

[0056] Optionally, the first optocoupler isolation circuit 2113 and the second optocoupler isolation circuit 2123 both use TLP383 isolation optocouplers; the third switch circuit 2112, the fourth switch circuit 2122, and the fifth switch circuit 2124 all use IPD530N15N3G MOSFETs; the third photoelectric conversion circuit 2111 uses an AFBR-2521CZ photoelectric conversion transmitting chip; and the fourth photoelectric conversion circuit 2121 uses an AFBR-1521CZ photoelectric conversion receiving chip.

[0057] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 8 As shown, the main controller 1 also includes an isolation power supply 15 and a control power supply 16. The isolation power supply 15 is used to supply power to the digital isolator 12, the main control chip 11, and the power grid status detection module 13; the control power supply 16 is used to supply power to the power grid controller 2.

[0058] Specifically, the isolation power supply adopts a DC-DC isolation power supply module, model PUB0505S1B.

[0059] In a practical application, based on the above implementation methods, refer to Figure 9 The offline handover process is as follows: Initial state: After the device is powered on, the main controller 1 collects grid operating parameters, load conditions and switching circuit status information in real time through the status detection module. After completing the initialization self-test, it enters the "waiting to switch" ready state by default, waiting for the switching command or grid status trigger signal.

[0060] Grid connection switching process: The main controller 1 first confirms that the grid status is normal (voltage and frequency both meet the preset thresholds) through the status detection module, and then sends a grid connection command; it synchronously outputs a grid connection control signal, which is converted into an optical signal by photoelectric conversion and then output to the grid controller 2 through a dedicated signal transmission link; after receiving the optical signal, the grid controller 2 converts it back into an electrical signal through a conversion chip, isolates the electromagnetic interference on the grid side through an isolation optocoupler, and then enhances the driving capability through a driving MOSFET to accurately control the closing of the load switch 3; and feeds back the closing status of the load switch 3 to the main controller 1. After confirming that the switching action has been executed in place, the device officially enters the grid connection operation state.

[0061] Off-grid switching process: When the status detection module detects a grid anomaly (voltage or frequency exceeding preset thresholds), or when the main controller 1 receives an external off-grid command, the main controller 1 immediately sends an off-grid control signal; this signal is converted into an optical signal by photoelectric conversion and then output to the grid controller 2 through a dedicated signal transmission link; after receiving the optical signal, the grid controller 2 converts it back into an electrical signal through a conversion chip, isolates interference through an isolation optocoupler, enhances the driving capability of the driving MOSFET, and controls the load switch 3 to reliably disconnect; the status of the load switch 3 is fed back to the main controller 1 to confirm the switching is complete, and the device enters the off-grid operation state.

[0062] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photoelectric control device for switching between on-grid and off-grid PCS equipment, characterized in that, include: Main controller, grid controller, among which, The main controller is connected to the grid controller. The main controller is used to output grid-connected control signals or off-grid control signals. After photoelectric isolation and photoelectric conversion, the signals are transmitted to the grid controller. At the same time, the main controller receives the switching status signals of the load switch and the grid status information fed back by the grid controller. Based on the preset threshold, the main controller judges the switching conditions to realize fault self-diagnosis and operation status control. The grid controller is connected to the load switch. The grid controller is used to collect grid status information and transmit it to the main controller. After receiving the control signal from the main controller, it drives the load switch to switch on and off after photoelectric isolation and photoelectric conversion processing to complete the off-grid switching.

2. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller includes: a main control chip, a digital isolator, a power grid status detection module, and a first photoelectric control module, wherein... The main control chip is connected to the first photoelectric control module through the digital isolator, and the photoelectric control module is connected to the power grid controller; The power grid status detection module is connected to the main control chip and the power grid controller.

3. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first photoelectric control module includes: a first transmitting photoelectric control module and a first receiving photoelectric control module, wherein, The first transmitting photoelectric control module is connected to the digital isolator and the power grid controller; The first receiving photoelectric control module is connected to the digital isolator and the power grid controller.

4. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first photoelectric control module includes: a first switching circuit and a first photoelectric conversion circuit, wherein, The first switching circuit is connected to the digital isolator and the first photoelectric conversion circuit; The first photoelectric conversion circuit is connected to the power grid controller.

5. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first receiving photoelectric control module includes: a second switching circuit and a second photoelectric conversion circuit, wherein, The second switching circuit is connected to the digital isolator and the second photoelectric conversion circuit; The second photoelectric conversion circuit is connected to the power grid controller.

6. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power grid controller includes: a load switch photoelectric control module and a power grid information acquisition module, wherein... The load switch photoelectric control module is connected to the main controller and the load switch; The power grid information acquisition module is connected to the load switch.

7. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The load switch photoelectric control module includes: a second transmitting photoelectric control module and a second receiving photoelectric control module, wherein... The second photoelectric transmitting module is connected to the main controller and the load switch; The second receiving photoelectric module is connected to the main controller and the load switch.

8. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second photoelectric control module includes: a third photoelectric conversion circuit, a third switching circuit, and a first optocoupler isolation circuit, wherein, The third photoelectric conversion circuit is connected to the main controller and the third switching circuit; The third switching circuit is connected to the first optocoupler isolation circuit; The first optocoupler isolation circuit is connected to the load switch.

9. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second receiving photoelectric control module includes: a fourth photoelectric conversion circuit, a fourth switching circuit, a second optocoupler isolation circuit, and a fifth switching circuit, wherein, The fourth photoelectric conversion circuit is connected to the main controller and the fourth switching circuit; The fourth switching circuit is connected to the second optocoupler isolation circuit; The second optocoupler isolation circuit is connected to the fifth switching circuit; The fifth switching circuit is connected to the load switch.

10. The PCS equipment and off-grid switching photoelectric control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main controller further includes: an isolation power supply and a control power supply, wherein... The isolation power supply is used to power the digital isolator, the main control chip, and the power grid status detection module; The control power supply is used to power the grid controller.

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