Quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of residual stress removal effect detection, in particular to a quantitative measurement device for the residual stress removal effect of a metal structural part, and solves the shortcomings existing in the prior art. The quantitative measurement device for the residual stress removal effect of a metal structural part comprises a test bench, a detection component, a reciprocating impact mechanism, a mounting mechanism and a driving adjustment mechanism. An operation panel with a PLC controller is mounted on the test bench, and two parallel limit bars are mounted on the test bench. A side frame is also arranged on one side wall of the test bench. A fixing frame is mounted on the test bench, a fixing box is arranged in the middle of the fixing frame, and an adjustment box is slidably arranged between the side walls of the fixing box along the length direction thereof. The detection component is mounted on the bottom wall of the adjustment box, and the bottom end of the detection component is contacted with the upper surface of a workpiece to be measured for detection. Compared with the prior art, the invention can effectively carry out quantitative determination of the residual stress removal effect on the workpiece to be measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of residual stress removal effect detection, in particular to a quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of a metal structural part. Background Art

[0002] Metal structural parts are a kind of structural material used in the manufacture of various machines, equipment and engineering facilities. They are mainly made of metal materials and are usually used to connect, support and fix different parts. They are widely used in construction, machinery, aerospace and transportation. Among them, gears are common transmission parts in machinery, mainly used to transmit power and change the direction of movement. The residual stress generated on the gears can be divided into tensile stress and compressive stress, which have completely different effects on the performance of the gears. Tensile stress can easily lead to the initiation and expansion of cracks and accelerate the fatigue failure of gears, while reasonable compressive stress can improve the fatigue strength and wear resistance of gears, delay the generation and development of cracks, and have a positive effect on the long-term performance of gears.

[0003] In the prior art, the detection methods of residual stress can be divided into destructive testing and non-destructive testing. The destructive testing method is the stress release method, also known as the mechanical method, and the most commonly used is the drilling method (blind hole method). The detection of residual stress by drilling method is to attach a strain gauge to the measured part of the workpiece, and cause the release of residual stress by drilling a small blind hole of about Φ2mm in the strain gauge, and then measure the magnitude and direction of the residual stress in the part. However, the blind hole method requires the workpiece to be opened, which may cause changes in secondary stress in the workpiece during the processing.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a quantitative measurement device for the residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a quantitative measurement device for the residual stress removal effect of a metal structural part, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A quantitative measuring device for the residual stress removal effect of a metal structural part comprises a test bench, a detection component, a reciprocating impact mechanism, a mounting mechanism and a driving adjustment mechanism, wherein an operation panel with a PLC controller is mounted on the test bench, two parallel limit bars are mounted on the test bench, and a side frame is also arranged on one side wall of the test bench;

[0008] The test bench is equipped with a fixing frame, a fixing box is arranged in the middle of the fixing frame, an adjusting box is arranged between the side walls of the fixing box so as to slide along the length direction thereof, the detection component is installed on the bottom wall of the adjusting box, and the bottom end of the detection component is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece to be tested for detection;

[0009] The reciprocating impact mechanism moves between the side walls of the two limit bars, and impact components are arranged on both sides of the top of the reciprocating impact mechanism. The impact components repeatedly impact the stress concentration part of the workpiece to be tested so as to detect the effect of removing residual stress;

[0010] The mounting mechanism is arranged through the middle of the reciprocating impact mechanism and above the reciprocating impact mechanism, and the workpiece to be tested is fixed at the center position of the mounting mechanism;

[0011] The drive adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the test bench and on one side of its outside. One end of the drive adjustment mechanism rotates and adjusts synchronously with the input part of the reciprocating impact mechanism, and the other end controls the intermittent rotation adjustment of the reciprocating impact mechanism through belt transmission.

[0012] In one embodiment, a groove is provided in the fixing box along its length direction, a screw rod 2 is rotatably provided in the groove, a guide block fixed thereto is provided on the adjusting box, the guide block slides along the inner wall of the groove for adjustment, and the screw rod 2 penetrates the guide block and is threadedly coupled thereto;

[0013] The detection assembly includes a fixing tube, a pressure sensor and a detection tube;

[0014] The fixed cylinder is installed at the bottom of the adjusting box, a cavity is opened in the fixed cylinder, the pressure sensor is embedded in the middle of the top wall of the cavity, the top of the detection cylinder slides between the inner walls of the cavity, and its bottom end is arranged in a pointed structure, an adjusting spring is arranged between the top wall of the cavity and the top wall of the detection cylinder, the adjusting spring is in contact with the pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected to the PLC controller through electrical signals.

[0015] In one embodiment, the reciprocating impact mechanism further includes a moving frame, a reversing gear and a fixed seat;

[0016] The moving frame is arranged in a "circular" structure, and external teeth are arranged on both side walls of the moving frame. The reversing gear is an incomplete gear, and its meshing is arranged between the external teeth on both sides. A synchronous shaft is arranged in the middle of the reversing gear, and two fixed seats are arranged, and the fixed seats are fixed on the top surface of the moving frame through a vertical shaft.

[0017] The impact assembly includes a top piece 1 and a top piece 2, two fixing pieces 1 and one fixing piece 2 are installed on the fixing seat, the fixing piece 2 is located in the middle of the two fixing pieces 1, the top piece 1 is elastically adjusted along the outer surface of the fixing piece 1, and the top piece 2 is elastically adjusted along the outer surface of the fixing piece 2, wherein the top piece 1, the top piece 2, the fixing piece 1 and the fixing piece 2 are all plate-like structures, and the top piece 1 and the top piece 2 are both pointed structures when they impact on one end of the workpiece to be measured.

[0018] In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism includes a transmission member, a support platform and a stud;

[0019] The transmission member is arranged in a truncated cone-shaped structure, a top cover is arranged on the top of the transmission member, and a rotating shaft synchronized with it is connected to its bottom, the rotating shaft passes through the synchronous shaft and rotates in contact with the inner wall, the support platform is arranged in a "T"-shaped structure and is installed in the middle of the top surface of the top cover, the stud is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support platform, and a locking ring threadedly connected to it is installed on the stud.

[0020] In one embodiment, the drive adjustment mechanism includes a drive gear, a transmission gear, a connecting ring, and a synchronous gear;

[0021] A cavity is opened inside the test bench, a fixed plate 1 is installed between the inner walls of the cavity, a fixed shaft seat is installed on the fixed plate 1, and the bottom ends of the rotating shaft and the synchronous shaft 1 are both rotatably arranged between the inner walls of the fixed shaft seat;

[0022] A rotating motor 1 is connected above the driving gear, and the rotating motor 1 is installed on the top wall of the cavity. The transmission gear is installed on the synchronous shaft 1 and rotates synchronously with it. An arrow is marked on the transmission gear. The transmission gear meshes with the driving gear for transmission. The connecting ring is installed on the top surface of the transmission gear, and the connecting ring is provided with two convex teeth connected to it as one body. When the transmission gear is in the initial position, the angle between the convex teeth and the arrow is between 70-110;

[0023] A synchronous shaft 2 is arranged in the middle of the synchronous gear and rotates synchronously with it. The bottom end of the synchronous shaft 2 rotates on the fixed plate 1 through a bearing. Tooth grooves are arranged at equal angles on the synchronous gear, and arc grooves are arranged between adjacent tooth grooves. The tooth grooves and the convex teeth can mesh and transmit, and the arc grooves can rotate and contact with the circumferential outer surface of the connecting ring.

[0024] In one embodiment, the drive adjustment mechanism further includes an adjustment seat and a synchronous wheel;

[0025] A through hole is provided on the adjustment seat, one end of the adjustment seat slides between the inner walls of the side frame, a screw rod 1 is arranged in the side frame to rotate along its length direction, the screw rod 1 penetrates the adjustment seat and is threadedly matched with the adjustment seat, a synchronization component 2 is arranged in the through hole, and the synchronization component 2 includes two bevel gears 2 that mesh with each other;

[0026] A synchronization assembly 1 is arranged above the synchronization shaft 2, and the synchronization assembly 1 includes two mutually meshing bevel gears 1;

[0027] A synchronous sleeve is installed on the side wall of one of the bevel gears one, and a telescopic shaft is installed on the side wall of one of the bevel gears two, the other end of the telescopic shaft slides between the inner walls of the synchronous sleeve in a key connection manner and is never separated, the synchronous wheel is arranged above the adjustment seat and is synchronized with the other bevel gear two through the synchronous shaft three, and the synchronous wheel and the synchronous shaft three are slidably matched through a key connection.

[0028] In one embodiment, a belt is connected between the synchronous wheel and the transmission member, the portion where the belt contacts the transmission member is arranged in an inclined surface, and two groups of belt auxiliary components are arranged on the belt, the belt auxiliary components include a connecting plate and a rotating shaft sleeve, the two connecting plates on each group of belt auxiliary components are connected and fixed together by an axis, and a rotating shaft sleeve is rotatably arranged between the two connecting plates in the same group, and a connecting rod is arranged between the opposite connecting plates on the two groups of belt auxiliary components;

[0029] A vertical hole is formed on one of the vertical side walls of the fixing frame, wherein a group of belt auxiliary components slides between the inner walls of the vertical hole, and the belt passes between adjacent rotating sleeves and is in rotational contact with them;

[0030] A lifting plate is also installed on the bottom wall of the connecting plate located below the vertical hole, and an annular groove is opened on the lifting plate. A limiting ring is installed on the bottom wall of the synchronous wheel, and the limiting ring is rotatably arranged between the inner walls of the annular groove.

[0031] In one embodiment, the transmission gear drives the reversing gear to rotate synchronously through the synchronization shaft 1, and the mobile frame reciprocates linearly under the meshing action of the reversing gear and the external teeth. When the mobile frame moves to one side to the farthest position on that side, the impact assembly on the other side of the mobile frame impacts the workpiece to be tested, and the connecting ring intermittently controls the rotation of the synchronization gear through meshing transmission, thereby causing the synchronization wheel to drive the transmission member to rotate intermittently through belt transmission;

[0032] Every time the transmission gear rotates 180 degrees, the transmission member drives the mounting mechanism and the workpiece to be measured fixed thereon to rotate intermittently, and when the mounting mechanism rotates, the impact assemblies on both sides will not make any contact with the workpiece to be measured.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0034] By setting structures such as a reciprocating impact mechanism, a mounting mechanism and a driving and adjusting mechanism, the mounting mechanism is used to fix the spur gear to be tested, and the reciprocating impact mechanism is controlled to reciprocate in a linear direction by the driving and adjusting mechanism, and when it moves to the farthest position on one side, the impact component on the other side impacts the root position of the spur gear, and in the process of moving to the other side, when the impact components on both sides do not contact the spur gear, the driving and adjusting mechanism is used to realize intermittent rotation of the mounting mechanism, so that the spur gear rotates a certain angle according to its number of teeth, and the impact component on the other side can also impact the root of the spur gear at the next impact, and the impact is repeated multiple times in this way. The thickness change amplitude of the spur gear before and after the detection is obtained according to the value change of the pressure sensor on the detection component, so as to obtain the quantitative test result of the stress removal effect on the workpiece to be tested. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of the present application will be made apparent by describing in detail the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In the attached picture:

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the detection component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the detection assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reciprocating impact mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 is a connection diagram of the belt auxiliary assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving and adjusting mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the main view;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure between the driving gear, the transmission gear, the connecting ring and the synchronous gear of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.10 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structural distribution of the middle side plate, annular groove and ridges.

[0047] In the figure: 1. test bench; 11. operation panel; 12. side frame; 121. screw rod 1; 13. limit strip; 14. fixed shaft seat; 15. fixed plate 1; 2. fixed frame; 21. fixed plate 2; 22. fixed box; 221. screw rod 2; 23. adjustment box; 231. guide block; 24. lifting motor; 3. detection component; 31. fixed cylinder; 32. pressure sensor; 33. detection cylinder; 4. reciprocating impact mechanism; 41. moving frame; 42. reversing gear; 421. synchronous shaft 1; 43. fixed seat; 44. top piece 1; 441. fixed piece 1; 45. top piece 2; 451. fixed piece 2; 5. installation mechanism; 51. transmission member; 511. rotation Shaft; 512, top cover; 52, support platform; 53, stud; 531, locking ring; 6, drive adjustment mechanism; 61, drive gear; 62, transmission gear; 63, connecting ring; 631, convex tooth; 64, synchronous gear; 641, tooth groove; 642, arc groove; 643, synchronous shaft two; 65, synchronous component one; 66, synchronous sleeve; 661, telescopic shaft; 67, adjustment seat; 671, synchronous component two; 672, side plate; 68, synchronous wheel; 681, synchronous shaft three; 682, limit ring; 7, belt auxiliary component; 71, connecting plate; 711, lifting plate; 711a, ring groove; 711b, convex ridge; 72, rotating sleeve; 73, connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to realize the different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the various specific processes and material examples provided by the present application, but those of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a quantitative measurement device for the residual stress removal effect of a metal structural part, comprising a test bench 1, a detection component 3, a reciprocating impact mechanism 4, a mounting mechanism 5 and a driving adjustment mechanism 6, an operation panel 11 with a PLC controller is installed on the test bench 1, and a side frame 12 is fixedly installed on one side wall of the test bench 1 by screws, two limit bars 13 are fixed on the top surface of the test bench 1 by screws, a cavity is opened inside the test bench 1 (not shown in the figure), and a horizontally arranged fixing plate 15 (such as Figure 7As shown in the figure, a fixing frame 2 is also installed on the test bench 1 by screws, and a detection component 3 that can adjust the detection position is arranged in the middle of the top of the fixing frame 2, and a fixing plate 21 is installed between the opposite side walls of the fixing frame 2 by screws, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the fixing plate 21, and a reciprocating impact mechanism 4 moves between the limit bars 13 on both sides along the length direction of the test bench 1, and impact components are arranged on both sides of the top of the reciprocating impact mechanism 4. The reciprocating movement adjustment of the reciprocating impact mechanism 4 controls the impact components on both sides to continuously impact the workpiece to be tested (the workpiece to be tested in this embodiment only refers to the spur gear) to detect the removal effect of the stress concentration part on the workpiece, and a mounting mechanism 5 is also arranged in the middle and above the reciprocating impact mechanism 4, and the workpiece to be tested is fixed on the mounting mechanism 5, one end of the driving adjustment mechanism 6 controls the movement of the reciprocating impact mechanism 4, and the other end thereof controls the intermittent rotation of the mounting mechanism 5 by belt transmission, so that the workpiece to be tested rotates a certain angle after each impact and performs the next impact.

[0050] like Figure 2-3 As shown, a vertical hole is provided on one vertical side wall of the fixing frame 2 , and two lifting motors 24 are installed between the inner walls of the fixing frame 2 above the vertical hole.

[0051] A fixing box 22 is fixedly installed in the middle of the fixing frame 2 by screws. The fixing box 22 is arranged in a "U"-shaped structure, and a groove is opened on the fixing box 22 along its length direction. A screw rod 221 is rotatably arranged in the groove along its length direction. A rotating motor 1 is connected to one end of the screw rod 221. The rotating motor 1 is installed between the inner walls of the fixing box 22 (not shown in the figure). An adjusting box 23 is slidably arranged between the inner walls of the fixing box 22. A guide block 231 is installed on the top surface of the adjusting box 23 by screws. The guide block 231 slides between the inner walls of the groove, and the screw rod 221 penetrates the guide block 231 and cooperates with it in threaded transmission.

[0052] The detection assembly 3 includes a fixing tube 31, a pressure sensor 32 and a detection tube 33;

[0053] The top of the fixed cylinder 31 is installed between the inner walls of the adjusting box 23 by means of a threaded connection. A cavity with an open bottom is provided inside the fixed cylinder 31. A pressure sensor 32 is embedded on the top wall of the cavity. The pressure sensor 32 is connected to the PLC controller through an electrical signal. Two oppositely arranged vertical grooves are provided on the inner wall of the cavity along its vertical direction. Two sliders are installed on the outer wall of the detection cylinder 33 by screws. The sliders slide between the inner walls of the vertical grooves. An adjusting spring is connected between the top wall of the detection cylinder 33 and the top wall of the cavity. The top of the adjusting spring is in contact with the pressure sensor 32 for induction. The bottom end of the detection cylinder 33 is in a pointed structure and is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece to be measured.

[0054] It should be further explained that, by controlling the rotation of screw rod 221, the guide block 231 drives the adjustment box 23 to slide along the inner wall of the fixed box 22, thereby synchronously adjusting the position of the detection component 3, and adjusting the position of the detection component 3 according to the stress concentration position on the workpiece to be tested (the most concentrated stress position on the spur gear is at the root or top of the tooth, that is, the main detection position in this embodiment is the annular area close to the root of the spur gear).

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the reciprocating impact mechanism 4 includes a moving frame 41, a reversing gear 42, a fixed seat 43 and an impact assembly, and the impact assembly includes a top piece 1 44 and a top piece 2 45;

[0056] The movable frame 41 is arranged in a "U"-shaped structure, and the two opposite inwardly facing side walls of the movable frame 41 are provided with external teeth connected thereto as an integral unit, and fixed seats 43 are arranged on both sides of the top surface of the movable frame 41, and the fixed seats 43 and the movable frame 41 are connected as an integral unit via a vertical axis, and two fixing members 441 and a fixing member 451 are installed on one side wall of the fixed seat 43 via screws, wherein the fixing member 441 and the fixing member 451 are both plate-like structures, and a top member 44 is elastically arranged between the outer walls of the fixing member 441, and a top member 45 is elastically arranged between the outer walls of the fixing member 451, and the top member 44 and the top member 45 are also plate-like structures and are pointed structures at one end that impacts the workpiece to be measured, the top member 44 impacts the tooth root of the spur gear, and the top member 45 impacts the tooth top of the spur gear.

[0057] The reversing gear 42 is an incomplete gear (its rotation direction is Figure 4 The bottom end of the synchronous shaft 421 is rotatably arranged between the inner walls of the fixed shaft seat 14, and the fixed shaft seat 14 is mounted on the top surface of the fixed plate 15 by screws.

[0058] The impact position of the impact component each time is the tooth top directly opposite to it and the two tooth roots adjacent to the tooth top.

[0059] It should be further explained that the reversing gear 42 is driven to rotate by the synchronizing shaft 1 421 , and the reversing gear 42 reciprocates and meshes between the external teeth on both sides in a circular motion, thereby controlling the reciprocating linear motion of the moving frame 41 .

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, the mounting mechanism 5 includes a transmission member 51, a support platform 52 and a stud 53;

[0061] The transmission member 51 is arranged in a truncated cone-shaped structure, and a top cover 512 connected to the transmission member 51 is arranged on the top surface thereof. The support platform 52 is in a "T"-shaped structure and is installed in the middle of the top surface of the top cover 512 by screws. The bottom end of the stud 53 is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support platform 52 by plug-in fixing, and a locking ring 531 is arranged on the outer surface of the stud 53 in a threaded connection manner.

[0062] A rotating shaft 511 is installed on the bottom end of the transmission member 51 to rotate synchronously therewith. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 511 also rotates between the inner walls of the fixed shaft seat 14, and the rotating shaft 511 penetrates the synchronous shaft 421 and rotates in contact with the inner wall thereof.

[0063] It should be further explained that the workpiece to be measured (spur gear) is placed on the support table 52 and its center position is aligned with the center position of the support table 52, and then the locking ring 531 is rotated from top to bottom along the stud 53 until it contacts the upper surface of the workpiece to be measured, so as to achieve the effect of fixing the workpiece to be measured. After that, the transmission member 51 is driven to rotate synchronously through the transmission action of the belt, and the workpiece to be measured is synchronously driven to complete intermittent rotation together, so as to change the tooth root position of each impact.

[0064] like Figure 6-8 as well as Fig.10 As shown, the driving adjustment mechanism 6 includes a driving gear 61, a transmission gear 62, a connecting ring 63, a synchronous gear 64, an adjustment seat 67 and a synchronous wheel 68;

[0065] A rotating motor 1 is installed on the top wall of the cavity by bolts, a driving gear 61 is installed on the output shaft of the rotating motor 1 by key connection, a transmission gear 62 is installed on the synchronization shaft 421 by key connection (wherein, an arrow is marked on the upper surface of the transmission gear 62, and when the transmission gear 62 is in the initial position, the arrow is vertically toward the width direction of the fixed plate 15), and the transmission gear 62 is meshed with the driving gear 61 for transmission, and a connecting ring 63 fixed to the transmission gear 62 is installed on the top surface of the transmission gear 62, and two convex teeth 631 are provided on the connecting ring 63, and the angle between the convex teeth 631 and the arrow when the transmission gear 62 is in the initial position is between 70-110 degrees (preferably 90 degrees in this embodiment).

[0066] A synchronous shaft 2 643 is keyed to the synchronous gear 64 through the middle thereof. The synchronous shaft 2 643 rotates on the top surface of the fixed plate 15 through a bearing. A plurality of tooth grooves 641 are provided at equal angles on the synchronous gear 64. The convex teeth 631 and the tooth grooves 641 can mesh and transmit. An arc groove 642 is provided on the circumferential surface of the synchronous gear 64 between adjacent tooth grooves 641. The arc groove 642 can rotate in contact with the circumferential outer surface of the connecting ring 63.

[0067] The adjustment seat 67 is arranged in an "I"-shaped structure and has a through hole in the middle. One end of the adjustment seat 67 slides between the inner walls of the side frame 12. A screw 121 that cooperates with the inner walls of the adjustment seat 67 is passed through the inner walls of the adjustment seat 67. One end of the screw 121 rotates on the side wall of the test bench 1 through a bearing. A rotating motor 2 is connected to the other end of the screw 121. The rotating motor 2 is installed on the side wall of the side frame 12 through screws.

[0068] A synchronization component 2 671 is arranged in the through hole, and the synchronization component 2 671 includes two meshing bevel gears 2. A synchronization component 1 65 is also arranged on the synchronization shaft 2 643. The synchronization component 1 65 includes two meshing bevel gears 1, one of which is connected to the synchronization shaft 2 643 as a whole through an axis and rotates synchronously. A synchronization sleeve 66 fixed to the side wall of the other bevel gear 1 is installed, and one end of the synchronization sleeve 66 penetrates and rotates between the inner walls of the test bench 1, and a screw is also provided on the outer surface of the synchronization sleeve 66. Two annular limit plates are installed, and the two limit plates are rotated on the inner wall and the outer wall of the test bench 1 respectively. The position of one end of the synchronous sleeve 66 is limited by the position of the two limit plates, so that the end is always kept at this position, thereby ensuring the position of the synchronous component 1 65. A side plate 672 is also installed between the inner side walls of the adjustment seat 67 facing the direction of the synchronous sleeve 66 by screws. One end of the telescopic shaft 661 connected to the bevel gear 2 passes through the side plate 672 and rotates with it, and a convex ring is installed on this end of the telescopic shaft 661 by screws (see Figure 8 The shaded part (i.e. the blank part between the side plate 672) and the telescopic shaft 661), the convex ring rotates between the inner walls of the side plate 672, and the limiting effect of the convex ring in the side plate 672 is used to ensure the meshing state of the two bevel gears II, and a telescopic shaft 661 is slidably arranged between the inner walls of the synchronous sleeve 66 by a key connection, one end of the telescopic shaft 661 is always located in the synchronous sleeve 66, and the other end of the telescopic shaft 661 is connected to one of the bevel gears II as a whole, and the other bevel gear II is connected to a synchronous shaft three 681 that rotates synchronously therewith, and a synchronous wheel 68 that is key-connected and cooperates with it is slidably arranged on the synchronous shaft three 681 (the bottom end of the key on the synchronous shaft three 681 contacts the top surface of the adjustment seat 67), and the synchronous wheel 68 rotates with the synchronous shaft three 681.

[0069] A belt is connected between the synchronous wheel 68 and the transmission member 51, and the part where the belt contacts the transmission member 51 is arranged in an inclined surface. Two groups of belt auxiliary components 7 are arranged on the belt, and the belt auxiliary components 7 include a connecting plate 71 and a rotating shaft sleeve 72; there are two connecting plates 71 and they are connected and fixed as a whole by an axis, and the connecting plates 71 on one group of belt auxiliary components 7 slide between the inner walls of the vertical hole, and the output shaft of the lifting motor 24 is fixed as a whole with the connecting plate 71 located above, so that the lifting and lowering adjustment of one group of belt auxiliary components 7 is controlled by the output of the lifting motor 24, and a lifting plate 711 is installed on the bottom wall of the connecting plate 71 located below in the vertical hole by screws, and two connecting rods 73 are installed between the connecting plates 71 opposite to the two groups of belt auxiliary components 7 by screws, and four groups of rotating shaft sleeves 72 (two in each group) are arranged between the two connecting plates 71 on the same group of belt auxiliary components 7 by shaft connection and rotation, and the belt can be transmitted between adjacent rotating shaft sleeves 72.

[0070] An annular groove 711a is provided on the lifting plate 711, and an integral convex ridge 711b is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the annular groove 711a. The convex ridge 711b is arranged in an arc-shaped structure. A limiting ring 682 is installed on the bottom wall of the synchronous wheel 68 by screws. The limiting ring 682 rotates between the inner walls of the annular groove 711a, and an annular limiting groove is also provided on the circumferential surface of the limiting ring 682. The convex ridge 711b is located in the limiting groove and can rotate and contact therewith. The synchronous wheel 68 and the lifting plate 711 can rotate relative to each other. At the same time, the lifting plate 711 plays an axial limiting role on the synchronous wheel 68, and a hole with a diameter larger than the synchronous shaft three 681 is also provided on the lifting plate 711, so that the synchronous shaft three 681 with a key can rotate freely in the hole.

[0071] It should be further explained that, by starting the rotary motor 1, the driving gear 61 is driven to rotate, so that the transmission gear 62 rotates synchronously, and the transmission gear 62 is synchronized with the connecting ring 63, that is, the connecting ring 63 also rotates synchronously in a circular motion. At the same time, when the transmission gear 62 rotates, the reversing gear 42 also performs synchronous circular motion. Whenever the transmission gear 62 rotates 180 degrees, the reversing gear 42 controls the moving frame 41 to move to one side to the farthest position it can reach, so that the impact assembly on the other side of the moving frame 41 impacts the root of the spur gear. After rotating 180 degrees, the reversing gear 42 changes the moving position of the moving frame 41. The direction of movement causes the impact component that is away from the spur gear to hit the tooth root as it moves, and then hits in a reciprocating cycle. At the same time, the connecting ring 63 controls the intermittent rotation of the synchronous gear 64 through the meshing transmission of the convex tooth 631 thereon and the synchronous gear 64. When the synchronous gear 64 rotates, the synchronous sleeve 66 is driven to rotate through the synchronous component 1 65, and the telescopic shaft 661 is also indirectly driven to rotate, so that the synchronous component 2 671 drives the synchronous wheel 68 connected thereto to rotate through the synchronous shaft 3 681. As the synchronous wheel 68 rotates, the transmission member 51 is driven to rotate under the action of the belt, thereby driving the intermittent rotation of the mounting mechanism 5 and the workpiece to be measured.

[0072] Among them, due to the different number of teeth of the spur gears, a transmission member 51, a belt, a synchronous wheel 68 and a matching belt auxiliary component 7 are set. By starting the lifting motor 24 and the rotating motor 2 at the same time, when the belt auxiliary component 7 moves downward, the screw 121 controls the adjustment seat 67 to move and adjust to the side away from the test bench 1. The movements of the two are synchronized and control one side of the belt to move downward with the synchronous wheel 68, and it also always moves downward along the inclined surface of the transmission member 51. During the up and down movement of the belt, the belt and the transmission member 51 are in a state of sliding contact. If necessary, the belt can also be manually assisted to adjust along the inclined surface of the transmission member 51. In this way, the rotation angle of the workpiece to be tested each time is controlled by changing the transmission ratio between the synchronous wheel 68 and the transmission member 51. The angle of each rotation of the workpiece to be tested = (360 / number of teeth) / 2. Different positions on the transmission member 51 correspond to different transmission ratios. According to the number of teeth of the spur gear, it is adjusted to different positions to match the angle of each rotation.

[0073] like Fig. 9 As shown, during the rotation of the connecting ring 63 with the transmission gear 62, the transmission gear 62 starts to calculate the rotation angle from position A (that is, the initial position mentioned above). Initially, the angle between the convex tooth 631 and the arrow is 90 degrees, and initially, the impact assembly on one side is in contact with the impact position of the spur gear. When the connecting ring 63 just starts to rotate, the connecting ring 63 rotates along the arc groove 642, wherein:

[0074] When it rotates to 90 degrees (position A moves to position B in the figure, and positions B, C, and D in the figure also rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise as shown in the figure), the convex tooth 631 originally located at position B in the figure has meshed with the tooth groove 641 and drives the synchronous gear 64 to rotate a bit;

[0075] When it rotates to 180 degrees (position A continues to move from position B to position C in the figure), the convex tooth 631 originally located at position D moves to position B in the figure, and the moving frame 41 has moved to one side to the farthest position it can reach. During this period, the meshing time of the convex tooth 631 and the tooth groove 641 is triggered when it rotates 90 degrees, that is, the rotation of the synchronous gear 64 (that is, the rotation of the mounting mechanism 5 and the spur gear) is completed during the movement of the moving frame 41 to this side, and the impact assemblies on both sides do not have any contact with the spur gear, so that after the connecting ring 63 rotates 180 degrees, the impact assembly on the other side just collides with the impact position on the intermittently rotated spur gear, and the meshing of the convex tooth 631 and the tooth groove 641 on the other side is also triggered when the convex tooth 631 and the tooth groove 641 rotate 180 degrees after the meshing;

[0076] When rotating 270 degrees (position A continues to move from position C to position D in the figure), the convex tooth 631 originally located at position D moves to position C in the figure and completes the meshing transmission with the synchronous gear 64 again;

[0077] When rotating 360 degrees (position A returns to the starting position again), positions B, C, and D are now back to their original positions. In the process of position A rotating from position C in the figure back to position A, the rear half of the reversing gear 42 rotates, that is, the moving frame 41 moves in the opposite direction to the other side to the farthest position it can reach. In this process, the meshing time of the convex tooth 631 and the tooth groove 641 at position D in the figure is also triggered by the middle time period when the moving frame 41 moves to the farthest position on the other side, and in this process, the spur gear does not have any contact with the impact components on both sides.

[0078] Working principle:

[0079] First, the transmission ratio of the belt is adjusted according to the number of teeth of the spur gear, and the belt auxiliary component 7 is controlled to be adjusted up and down by the lifting motor 24. At the same time, the horizontal positions of the adjustment seat 67 and the synchronous wheel 68 are controlled by the screw 121, so that the adjustment process of the two is synchronized, so that the belt always maintains a state of connection with the transmission member 51 and the synchronous belt during the adjustment process, and stops after being adjusted to a suitable position;

[0080] Next, the spur gear to be tested is placed in the middle of the support platform 52 and fixed to the mounting mechanism 5 as a whole through the locking ring 531, and the impact assembly on one side is in contact with the tooth root of the spur gear, and the impact assembly on the other side is located at the farthest position on that side;

[0081] Then, by moving and adjusting the position of the adjustment box 23, it drives the detection assembly 3 to move synchronously, and the tip of the detection tube is located on the surface of the spur gear near the tooth root, such as Figure 1 As shown;

[0082] Then, the test can be carried out. During the test, the driving gear 61 controls the transmission gear 62 to rotate in a circle, and then the synchronous shaft 421 drives the reversing gear 42 to move in a synchronous circle. Under the meshing transmission action of the reversing gear 42 and the external teeth, the moving frame 41 also reciprocates along the straight line direction. Whenever it moves to the farthest position on one side, the impact component on the other side of the moving frame 41 will impact the tooth root on the spur gear. In the process of the moving frame 41 moving from the farthest position on one side to the farthest position on the other side, the connecting ring 63 is connected to the synchronous gear 64 by the connecting ring 63. Intermittent transmission cooperates, and drives the synchronous wheel 68 to rotate under the action of synchronous component 1 65 and synchronous component 2 671, and the synchronous wheel 68 controls the installation mechanism 5 and the spur gear installed thereon to rotate synchronously at a set angle under the action of the belt, so that the impact component on the other side will hit the root position of the tooth when it hits the spur gear next time. This reciprocating cycle is repeated many times, and several fixed positions are selected on the spur gear as test points. The change amplitude is calculated according to the value change of the pressure sensor 32 before and after the detection at the test point, so as to obtain the percentage of the residual stress removal effect of the workpiece.

[0083] The principle of the test method adopted in this embodiment is roughly as follows: when a metal part (a spur gear in this embodiment) is under stress and is continuously impacted, the first possible situation is plastic deformation of the stress concentration part. If there is residual stress inside the metal part, the external force generated by the impact will be superimposed on the stress, so that the stress in the local area of ​​the metal exceeds the yield strength of the material. For example, an impact is made on an aluminum alloy plate with tensile stress, the yield strength of the aluminum alloy is 200MPa, and the internal tensile stress plus the stress generated by the impact reaches 250MPa, then the area will undergo plastic deformation, the shape will change, and this deformation will not recover after the impact force disappears. Therefore, the detection tube 33 is used to detect the annular area near the root of the tooth, and the deformation (convexity or concave) at the root of the tooth on the spur gear is used to measure the change in the value on the pressure sensor 32 before and after the detection, and then a number of test points are selected to calculate the increase or decrease in the test results at the test points.

[0084] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, internal communication between two elements, or an interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0085] The above is a detailed introduction to the quantitative measurement device for the residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solution and its core idea of ​​the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A quantitative measuring device for the residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts, characterized in that: include: A test bench (1), wherein an operation panel (11) with a PLC controller is installed on the test bench (1), two limit bars (13) arranged in parallel are installed on the test bench (1), and a side frame (12) is also arranged on one side wall of the test bench (1); A detection component (3), wherein a fixing frame (2) is installed on the test bench (1), a fixing box (22) is arranged in the middle of the fixing frame (2), an adjustment box (23) is slidably arranged between the side walls of the fixing box (22) along its length direction, the detection component (3) is installed on the bottom wall of the adjustment box (23), and the bottom end of the detection component (3) performs contact detection with the upper surface of the workpiece to be tested; The detection assembly (3) comprises a fixing tube (31), a pressure sensor (32) and a detection tube (33); The fixing tube (31) is installed at the bottom of the regulating box (23), a cavity is provided in the fixing tube (31), a pressure sensor (32) is embedded in the middle of the top wall of the cavity, the top end of the detection tube (33) slides between the inner walls of the cavity, and the bottom end thereof is arranged in a pointed structure, an adjustment spring is arranged between the top wall of the cavity and the top wall of the detection tube (33), the adjustment spring is in contact with the pressure sensor (32), and the pressure sensor (32) is connected to the PLC controller through an electrical signal; A reciprocating impact mechanism (4), the reciprocating impact mechanism (4) moves between the side walls of the two limit bars (13), and impact components are arranged on both sides of the top of the reciprocating impact mechanism (4), and the impact components repeatedly impact the stress concentration position of the workpiece to be measured; A mounting mechanism (5), wherein the mounting mechanism (5) is disposed through the middle of the reciprocating impact mechanism (4) and above the reciprocating impact mechanism (4), and the workpiece to be measured is fixed at a central position on the mounting mechanism (5); A driving adjustment mechanism (6) is arranged inside the test bench (1) and on one side of its outside, one end of the driving adjustment mechanism (6) is synchronously rotated and adjusted with the input part of the reciprocating impact mechanism (4), and the other end of the driving adjustment mechanism (6) controls the intermittent rotation adjustment of the mounting mechanism (5) and the workpiece to be tested mounted on the mounting mechanism (5) by means of belt transmission.

2. The quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing box (22) is provided with a groove along its length direction, and a second screw rod (221) is rotatably arranged in the groove. A guide block (231) fixed thereto is arranged on the adjusting box (23), and the guide block (231) is slidably adjusted along the inner wall of the groove, and the second screw rod (221) penetrates the guide block (231) and is threadedly coupled thereto.

3. The quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reciprocating impact mechanism (4) also includes a moving frame (41), a reversing gear (42) and a fixed seat (43); The moving frame (41) is arranged in a "circular" structure, and external teeth are arranged on both side walls of the moving frame (41). The reversing gear (42) is an incomplete gear, and is meshed between the external teeth on both sides. A synchronous shaft (421) is arranged in the middle of the reversing gear (42). Two fixed seats (43) are arranged, and the fixed seats (43) are fixed on the top surface of the moving frame (41) through a vertical axis. The impact assembly comprises a top piece 1 (44) and a top piece 2 (45); two fixing pieces 1 (441) and one fixing piece 2 (451) are mounted on a fixing seat (43); the fixing piece 2 (451) is located between the two fixing pieces 1 (441); the top piece 1 (44) is elastically adjusted along the outer surface of the fixing piece 1 (441); the top piece 2 (45) is elastically adjusted along the outer surface of the fixing piece 2 (451); wherein the top piece 1 (44), the top piece 2 (45), the fixing piece 1 (441) and the fixing piece 2 (451) are all plate-shaped structures; and the top piece 1 (44) and the top piece 2 (45) are pointed structures when they impact one end of a workpiece to be measured.

4. The quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism (5) comprises a transmission member (51), a support platform (52) and a stud (53); The transmission member (51) is arranged in a truncated cone-shaped structure. A top cover (512) is arranged on the top of the transmission member (51), and a rotating shaft (511) is connected to the bottom thereof in synchronization with the transmission member. The rotating shaft (511) passes through the synchronous shaft 1 (421) and is in rotational contact with the inner wall. The support platform (52) is arranged in a "T"-shaped structure and is installed in the middle of the top surface of the top cover (512). The stud (53) is installed in the middle of the top surface of the support platform (52), and a locking ring (531) threadedly connected to the stud (53) is installed on the stud (53).

5. The quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving adjustment mechanism (6) comprises a driving gear (61), a transmission gear (62), a connecting ring (63), and a synchronous gear (64); A cavity is provided inside the test bench (1), a fixing plate (15) is installed between the inner walls of the cavity, a fixing shaft seat (14) is installed on the fixing plate (15), and the bottom ends of the rotating shaft (511) and the synchronous shaft (421) are both rotatably arranged between the inner walls of the fixing shaft seat (14); A rotating motor 1 is connected above the driving gear (61), and the rotating motor 1 is mounted on the top wall of the cavity. The transmission gear (62) is mounted on the synchronous shaft 1 (421) and rotates synchronously therewith. An arrow is marked on the transmission gear (62), and the transmission gear (62) and the driving gear (61) are meshed for transmission. The connecting ring (63) is mounted on the top surface of the transmission gear (62), and the connecting ring (63) is provided with two convex teeth (631) connected thereto as one body. When the transmission gear (62) is in the initial position, the angle between the convex teeth (631) and the arrow is between 70 and 110. A second synchronous shaft (643) is arranged in the middle of the synchronous gear (64) and rotates synchronously therewith. The bottom end of the second synchronous shaft (643) rotates on the first fixed plate (15) through a bearing. Tooth grooves (641) are arranged at equal angles on the synchronous gear (64). An arc groove (642) is arranged between adjacent tooth grooves (641). The tooth grooves (641) and the convex teeth (631) can be meshed for transmission. The arc groove (642) can be in rotational contact with the circumferential outer surface of the connecting ring (63).

6. The quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving adjustment mechanism (6) further comprises an adjustment seat (67) and a synchronous wheel (68); A through hole is formed on the adjustment seat (67), one end of the adjustment seat (67) slides between the inner walls of the side frame (12), a screw rod (121) is arranged in the side frame (12) to rotate along its length direction, the screw rod (121) passes through the adjustment seat (67) and is threadedly coupled thereto, a synchronization component (671) is arranged in the through hole, and the synchronization component (671) includes two bevel gears (2) meshing with each other; A synchronization assembly 1 (65) is arranged above the synchronization shaft 2 (643), and the synchronization assembly 1 (65) includes two mutually meshing bevel gears 1; A synchronous shaft sleeve (66) is installed on the side wall of one of the bevel gears one, and a telescopic shaft (661) is installed on the side wall of one of the bevel gears two, and the other end of the telescopic shaft (661) slides between the inner walls of the synchronous shaft sleeve (66) in a key connection manner and is never separated, and a synchronous wheel (68) is arranged above the adjustment seat (67) and is synchronously connected with the other bevel gear two through a synchronous shaft three (681), and the synchronous wheel (68) and the synchronous shaft three (681) are slidably matched through a key connection.

7. The quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: A belt is connected between the synchronous wheel (68) and the transmission member (51), the portion where the belt contacts the transmission member (51) is arranged in an inclined surface, and two groups of belt auxiliary components (7) are arranged on the belt, the belt auxiliary components (7) comprising a connecting plate (71) and a rotating shaft sleeve (72), the two connecting plates (71) on each group of belt auxiliary components (7) are connected and fixed together by an axis, and a rotating shaft sleeve (72) is rotatably arranged between the two connecting plates (71) of the same group, and a connecting rod (73) is arranged between the connecting plates (71) opposite to each other on the two groups of belt auxiliary components (7); A vertical hole is formed on one of the vertical side walls of the fixing frame (2), wherein a group of belt auxiliary components (7) slides between the inner walls of the vertical hole, and the belt passes between adjacent rotating shaft sleeves (72) and is in rotational contact therewith; A lifting plate (711) is also installed on the bottom wall of the connecting plate (71) located below the vertical hole, and an annular groove (711a) is provided on the lifting plate (711). A limiting ring (682) is installed on the bottom wall of the synchronous wheel (68), and the limiting ring (682) is rotatably arranged between the inner walls of the annular groove (711a).

8. The quantitative measurement device for residual stress removal effect of metal structural parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission gear (62) drives the reversing gear (42) to rotate synchronously via the synchronization shaft (421), and the moving frame (41) reciprocates linearly under the meshing action of the reversing gear (42) and the external teeth. When the moving frame (41) moves to one side to the farthest position on that side, the impact assembly on the other side of the moving frame (41) impacts the workpiece to be tested, and the connecting ring (63) intermittently controls the rotation of the synchronization gear (64) through meshing transmission, thereby causing the synchronization wheel (68) to drive the transmission member (51) to rotate intermittently through belt transmission. Every time the transmission gear (62) rotates 180 degrees, the transmission member (51) drives the mounting mechanism (5) and the workpiece to be measured fixed thereon to rotate intermittently, and when the mounting mechanism (5) rotates, the impact assemblies on both sides will not come into any contact with the workpiece to be measured.

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