A full-surface covering array spiral waveguide imaging detection device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a full-surface covering array spiral waveguide imaging detection device and method, and relates to the field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing. The device comprises two groups of transducer group arrays, each group of transducer group arrays comprising a pipeline surrounding belt, a fixing belt and n transducer groups; each transducer group comprising a shell, two fixed rings arranged side by side and two ultrasonic wave transducers arranged side by side; the pipeline surrounding belt and the fixing belt are both provided with n mounting holes arranged at equal intervals along the length direction; the first fixed ring in each transducer group is connected with the mounting hole on the pipeline surrounding belt in a corresponding mode, and the transducer group can rotate around the first fixed ring; the second fixed ring in each transducer group is connected with the mounting hole on the fixing belt in a corresponding mode, and the fixing belt can move up and down along the length direction. The two groups of transducer group arrays are fixed at the two ends of the pipeline to be detected, the transducer groups at the two ends alternately perform emission and reception, and then the synthesis calculation is performed, so that the defect detection efficiency and precision of the spiral pipeline are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology, and in particular to a full-surface coverage array spiral guided wave imaging testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Spiral welded pipes are typically manufactured by spirally rolling steel strips into pipe blanks at a specific forming angle, and then welding the spiral gaps between the pipe blanks. They play an irreplaceable role in long-distance pipelines. Spiral welded pipes have a long service life and strong pressure resistance, and are currently widely used in petrochemical and other fields. During long-term transmission, spiral welded pipes may experience internal and external corrosion, weld joint rust, and external force damage. Without regular inspection and repair, leaks and breaks may occur. To avoid personal and property losses due to spiral welded pipe failure, regular inspection and testing of the pipeline, especially at the weld joints, is essential.

[0003] Traditional pipeline inspection equipment and methods primarily involve point-by-point inspection using ultrasonic flaw detectors or testing instruments, or using ultrasonic testing methods that emit ultrasonic waves parallel to the pipeline's axis for inspection. Point-by-point inspection inevitably introduces gaps in the inspection, failing to comprehensively cover the entire pipeline and increasing inspection time. While parallel-axial inspection methods are more suitable for ordinary vertical pipeline welding, they are less effective for inspecting welds on spiral pipelines. This is because the weld joints of spiral pipelines are helical, making defects more likely to appear along the helix; therefore, ultrasonic waves emitted perpendicular to the defect location provide the best detection results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of long inspection time, low inspection accuracy, and cumbersome operation in current spiral pipe inspection, this application provides a full-surface coverage array spiral guided wave imaging inspection device and method to improve the efficiency and accuracy of spiral pipe defect inspection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution.

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a full-surface coverage array spiral guided wave imaging detection device, comprising: two sets of transducer arrays; each set of transducer arrays includes a pipe surrounding strip, a fixing strip, and n transducer groups; each transducer group includes a housing, two side-by-side fixing rings, and two side-by-side ultrasonic guided wave transducers;

[0007] Both the pipe wrapping strip and the fixing strip have n mounting holes arranged at equal intervals along the length direction, and the distance between two adjacent mounting holes is f; the first fixing ring in each transducer group is connected to the mounting hole on the pipe wrapping strip and the transducer group can rotate around the first fixing ring; the second fixing ring in each transducer group is connected to the mounting hole on the fixing strip and the fixing strip can move up and down along the length direction.

[0008] Optionally, the distance between two adjacent mounting holes is Where D is the diameter of the pipe being measured.

[0009] On the other hand, a full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection method is based on the aforementioned full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection device; the full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection method includes:

[0010] Two sets of transducer arrays are fixed at both ends of the pipe under test along the circumference of the pipe under test, with each transducer array facing the section of the pipe under test.

[0011] Adjust the fixed band positions of the two transducer arrays along the circumference of the pipe under test so that the direction of the ultrasonic guided wave emitted / received by each transducer array is parallel to the weld of the pipe under test.

[0012] The first set of transducer arrays controls n transducer groups to simultaneously emit ultrasonic guided wave signals. The ultrasonic guided wave signals propagate spirally along the direction parallel to the weld in the pipe under test until they are received by the second set of transducer arrays. The echo signal measured by the second set of transducer arrays is recorded as the first measurement result.

[0013] When the second transducer array receives the ultrasonic guided wave signal, it immediately transmits an ultrasonic guided wave signal of the same amplitude and power in the opposite direction, which is received by the first transducer array; the echo signal measured by the first transducer array is recorded as the second measurement result.

[0014] Adjust the fixed band positions of the two transducer arrays along the circumference of the pipe under test so that the direction of the ultrasonic guided wave emitted / received by each transducer array is perpendicular to the weld of the pipe under test.

[0015] The first group of transducers in the array of n transducers simultaneously emits ultrasonic guided wave signals. The ultrasonic guided wave signals propagate spirally along the direction perpendicular to the weld in the pipe under test until they are received by the second group of transducers. The echo signal measured by the second group of transducers is recorded as the result of the third measurement.

[0016] When the second transducer array receives the ultrasonic guided wave signal, it immediately transmits an ultrasonic guided wave signal of the same amplitude and power in the opposite direction, which is received by the first transducer array; the echo signal measured by the first transducer array is recorded as the fourth measurement result.

[0017] Based on the results of four measurements, a synthetic imaging process is performed to generate a defect detection image.

[0018] Optionally, fixing the two sets of transducer arrays circumferentially at both ends of the pipe under test, with each transducer array facing the section of the pipe under test, specifically includes:

[0019] Each of the two sets of transducer arrays is wrapped with a pipe wrapping strip around the pipe under test, so that the two sets of transducer arrays are fixed along the circumference of the pipe under test.

[0020] The first transducer array is fixed at the left end of the pipe being tested, with each transducer array in the first transducer array facing to the right.

[0021] The second transducer array is fixed at the right end of the pipe being tested, with each transducer in the second transducer array facing to the left.

[0022] Optionally, before adjusting the position of the fixing band along the circumference of the pipe being measured, the method further includes:

[0023] The helix angle of the spiral weld of the pipe under test is measured in real time using an angle ruler and recorded.

[0024] Optionally, the amplitude and power of the emitted ultrasonic guided wave signals are the same during the four measurements.

[0025] Optionally, the step of synthesizing images based on the results of four measurements to generate a defect detection image specifically includes:

[0026] The echo amplitude of each sampling data point in the four measurement results is weighted and calculated to obtain the comprehensive measurement echo amplitude of each sampling data point;

[0027] The comprehensive measurement echo amplitude of each sampled data point is matched with the color of the corresponding pixel according to the amplitude gradient to generate a defect detection image.

[0028] Optionally, the weighted calculation of the echo amplitude of each sampling data point in the four measurement results to obtain the comprehensive measurement echo amplitude of each sampling data point specifically includes:

[0029] Using formula P i =0.2*A i +0.2*B i +0.3*C i +0.3*D i Calculate the overall measured echo amplitude P of the i-th sampled data point. i ;where A i B i C i D i These represent the echo amplitude values ​​of the i-th sampling data point in the four measurement results.

[0030] Optionally, after generating the defect detection image, the method further includes:

[0031] Identify the type and location of defects in defect detection images.

[0032] Optionally, after identifying the defect category and location in the defect detection image, the method further includes:

[0033] Maintenance reminders will be issued based on the type and location of the defects.

[0034] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed:

[0035] This application provides a full-surface coverage array spiral guided wave imaging detection device and method. Utilizing a dual-transducer structure within a single transducer group, it cancels out interference from opposite transducer emission directions, achieving unidirectional and directional ultrasonic guided wave emission, improving emission efficiency, and reducing power consumption. Considering the spiral shape of the weld joint of a spiral welded pipe, defects are more likely to occur on the spiral weld seam. Therefore, a rotatable transducer group structure is proposed. The first fixing ring is connected to the pipe circumference band, and the second fixing ring is connected to the fixing band. The transducer group can rotate around the first fixing ring by moving the fixing band up and down, enabling both parallel and perpendicular detection methods to the weld seam. By fixing the two transducer arrays circumferentially at both ends of the pipe under test, the transducer groups at both ends alternately transmit and receive signals, and then perform composite calculations. The four measurement results provide comprehensive full-surface coverage detection in four directions (up, down, left, and right) for the weld seam location most likely to contain defects, greatly improving defect detection accuracy. Multiple transducers in each transducer array transmit and receive simultaneously, simplifying the operation process compared to phased array methods, increasing the transmission power of the transducer array, and making the sound beam more uniform and controllable. Without using a phased array, it reduces hardware requirements and operating costs, shortens the development cycle, and greatly improves defect detection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 Here are schematic diagrams of the structures of the two sets of transducer arrays;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each transducer group in the two transducer arrays;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of ultrasonic guided wave emission direction for a single transducer and a combination of two transducers;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the layout of mounting holes on the pipe wrapping strip and fixing strip;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of two sets of transducer arrays surrounding the pipe under test in the circumferential direction.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of changing the orientation of the transducer assembly by moving a fixed belt.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first measurement process parallel to the direction of the spiral weld.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second measurement process parallel to the direction of the spiral weld.

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third measurement process perpendicular to the direction of the spiral weld.

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth measurement process perpendicular to the direction of the spiral weld.

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a defect detection image generated using the full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection method of this application;

[0048] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a defect detection image generated using conventional methods. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] The purpose of this application is to provide a full-surface coverage array spiral guided wave imaging detection device and method to improve the efficiency and accuracy of spiral pipe defect detection.

[0051] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] This application provides a full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging detection device, comprising: two sets of transducer arrays. In the initial non-measurement state, the structure of the first set of transducer arrays is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in part (a), the array structure of the second group of transducers is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in section (b), the two transducer arrays have the same structural composition but are arranged in a mirror-symmetric manner. Figure 1 As shown, each of the transducer arrays includes a pipe wrapping strip 1, a fixed strip 2, and n transducer groups 3.

[0053] Figure 2 Part (a) shows the structure of each transducer group in the first group of transducer group arrays. Figure 2 Part (b) shows the structure of each transducer group in the second transducer group array. For example... Figure 2 As shown, each transducer array includes a housing 301, two side-by-side fixing rings (a first fixing ring 302 and a second fixing ring 303), and two side-by-side ultrasonic guided wave transducers (a first ultrasonic guided wave transducer 304 and a second ultrasonic guided wave transducer 305). The difference between the first and second transducer arrays is that in the first transducer array, as shown... Figure 2 As shown in part (a), its two fixing rings are located to the left of the two ultrasonic guided wave transducers (hereinafter referred to as transducers); in the second group of transducer arrays, as Figure 2 As shown in section (b), its two fixing rings are located to the right of the two transducers. That is to say, the structure of each transducer group in the first transducer array is also mirror-symmetrical to that in the second transducer array.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown in part (a), conventional ultrasonic transducers use a single transducer, resulting in ultrasonic guided wave beams in two directions during testing. This application, however, uses two ultrasonic guided wave transducers arranged side-by-side, enabling unidirectional emission of the ultrasonic guided wave beam, such as... Figure 3 As shown in parts (b) and (c). This is because the transmission direction of a single transducer is bidirectional, and the ultrasonic waves emitted in both directions will return when they encounter an obstacle. Thus, when the receiving end receives the return signal, it receives not only the echo signal from the direction of the measured object but also echo signals from other directions, affecting the measurement results. However, the transducer group 3 of this application can achieve unidirectional transmission because in each transducer group 3, the two transducers have the same orientation and amplitude. After multiple transmission measurements, by adjusting the phase difference of the transmission signals of the two transducers, the ultrasonic guided waves emitted by the first transducer 304 in each transducer group 3 along its orientation and back direction will be canceled by the back ultrasonic guided waves of the second transducer 305, so that the transducer group 3 achieves unidirectional transmission. For example, Figure 3Part (b) shows the emission directed to the right side of the two transducers, corresponding to Figure 2 The transducer assembly structure is shown in part (a). Similarly, if using... Figure 2 The transducer assembly structure shown in section (b) can directionally emit ultrasonic guided wave beams to the left side of the two transducers, such as... Figure 3 As shown in section (c). By arranging two transducers side-by-side in transducer group 3, this application reduces the impact of a single transducer's emission on the transducer array, enabling unidirectional sound beam emission and improving measurement accuracy.

[0055] Both the pipe wrapping strip 1 and the fixing strip 2 in this application are made of flexible materials. Figure 4 Part (a) shows the pipe-encircling strip 1 structure in the first group of transducer arrays. Figure 4 Part (b) shows the pipe-encircling structure 1 in the second transducer array. For example... Figure 4 As shown in parts (a) and (b), each of the pipe wrapping strips 1 has n mounting holes 101 arranged at equal intervals along its length, and the distance between two adjacent mounting holes 101 is f. The pipe wrapping strips 1 in the two sets of transducer arrays are arranged in a mirror-symmetric manner. Figure 4 Part (c) shows the structure of the fixing belt 2, as follows Figure 4 As shown in part (c), the fixed strip 2 in the two sets of transducer arrays has the same structure. There are also n mounting holes 201 evenly spaced along the length direction on the fixed strip 2, and the distance between two adjacent mounting holes 201 is also f. n is a positive integer.

[0056] See Figure 1 When used in combination, for the first or second transducer array, the first fixing ring 302 in each transducer group 3 is connected to the mounting hole 101 on the pipe wrapping belt 1, and the transducer group 3 can rotate around the first fixing ring 302. The second fixing ring 303 in each transducer group 3 is connected to the mounting hole 201 on the fixing belt 2, and the fixing belt 2 can move up and down along its length.

[0057] like Figure 5As shown, during actual measurement, the first transducer array 6 and the second transducer array 7 are fixed circumferentially to both ends of the pipe under test (hereinafter referred to as pipe or pipeline) 4, and the middle part of the two transducer arrays is the section of the pipe under test 4 that is being measured. For the first transducer array 6 or the second transducer array 7, by wrapping their respective pipe wrapping bands 1 circumferentially around the pipe under test 4, the n transducer groups 3 in each transducer array can be arranged at equal intervals circumferentially around the pipe under test (the fixing band 2 is not shown for ease of display). In some embodiments, the first fixing ring 302 in each transducer group 3 can be installed on the pipe wrapping band 1 by passing through the mounting hole 101 on the pipe wrapping band 1 and snapping it on, while at the same time allowing the transducer group 3 to rotate relative to the first fixing ring 302. Similarly, each transducer assembly 3 is secured to the mounting hole 201 of the fixing band 2 by the second fixing ring 303. At this time, by adjusting the fixing band 2 to move up and down along the circumference of the pipe 4, the orientation of the transducer assembly can be changed as a whole, with the first fixing ring 302 as the rotation center, thereby changing the emission direction of the ultrasonic guided wave.

[0058] Taking the first transducer array 6 as an example, such as Figure 6 As shown in part (a), if the fixed belt 2 is moved downward along the circumference of the pipe (which is also the length direction of the fixed belt 2), the transducer assembly 3 can be rotated clockwise, the orientation of the transducer assembly 3 moves downward, and the emission direction of its ultrasonic guided waves (emission to the right in the illustrated embodiment) also moves downward. Conversely, as... Figure 6 As shown in part (b), if the fixed belt 2 is moved upward along the circumference of the pipe, the transducer assembly 3 can be rotated counterclockwise, the orientation of the transducer assembly 3 moves upward, and the emission direction of its ultrasonic guided waves also moves upward. Of course, this application Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the first fixing ring 302 is shown to be located to the left of the second fixing ring 303. In practical applications, the first fixing ring 302 can also be located to the right of the second fixing ring 303, which is equivalent to placing the first fixing ring 302 to the right of the second fixing ring 303. Figure 6 The fixing band 2 is placed on the left. Moving the fixing band 2 downwards will cause the transducer assembly 3 to move upwards. Therefore, the two fixing rings in this application are not limited to the relative positions shown in the figure. In other embodiments, the first fixing ring 302 can also be located to the right of the second fixing ring 303. Or, as... Figure 2 As shown in section (b), two fixing rings are positioned to the right of the two transducers. Regardless of their arrangement, the principle of changing the orientation of the transducer assembly 3 by moving the fixing band 2 up and down remains unchanged. By changing the orientation of the transducer assembly 3, directional emission of the ultrasonic guided wave beam can be achieved.

[0059] This application addresses the problems of long inspection time, low inspection accuracy, and cumbersome operation in current spiral pipeline inspection methods by proposing a novel inspection method. This method utilizes ultrasonic guided wave detection technology, employing a double-row transducer array consisting of multiple transducer groups arranged at equal intervals along the four circumferences of the pipeline under test. Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown. The number of transducer groups, n, is determined based on the pipe diameter D. The formula for calculating the transducer group spacing (i.e., the distance between two adjacent mounting holes of the pipe wrapping strip 1 or fixing strip 2), f, is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] Where D is the diameter of the pipe 4 being tested, and n is the number of transducer groups 3.

[0062] During each measurement, two sets of transducer arrays are arranged on both sides of a section of the pipe (or pipeline) 4 to be measured, along the circumference of the pipe. The transducer arrays 3 are arranged with their orientations perpendicular to the spiral weld (weld joint) and parallel to the weld, respectively. In each arrangement, the left and right transducer arrays alternately transmit and receive. The results of the four measurements are combined and calculated to obtain the final defect detection image.

[0063] This application employs a dual-row ultrasonic guided wave transducer arrangement, utilizing phase difference to generate directional ultrasonic guided waves for detection. The addition of an adjustable transducer group structure improves the compatibility of weld direction, allowing for sequential detection of spiral welds both perpendicular and parallel to the weld. By using transducers arranged on both sides of the pipeline for alternating transmission and reception, and then synthesizing and calculating the detection results, the detection accuracy of spiral welds can be significantly improved.

[0064] Based on the aforementioned full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection device, this application also proposes a full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection method. In some specific embodiments, the full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection method specifically includes steps 1 to 9.

[0065] Step 1: Use an angle ruler to measure and record the helix angle of the spiral weld 5 on the pipe 4 in real time. Then, refer to the helix angle to arrange the overall orientation of the transducer assembly 3 (parallel or perpendicular to the weld 5).

[0066] Step 2: As Figure 7As shown, the first transducer array 6 is fixed to the left end of the pipe 4 under test, and the second transducer array 7 is fixed to the right end of the pipe 4 under test. This is achieved by wrapping the entire transducer array around the pipe 4 with a pipe-encircling band 1, ensuring that the number of transducer groups 3 in the first transducer array 6 and the second transducer array 7 are the same and their positions correspond one-to-one. It should be noted that the ultrasonic guided wave beams emitted by the two transducer arrays have different orientations: the first transducer array 6 faces to the right, and the second transducer array 7 faces to the left, so that both transducer arrays are directed towards the middle section under test.

[0067] Step 3: As Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, after fixing the two transducer arrays, the fixing band 2 of the first transducer array 6 is adjusted to move upward along the circumference of the pipe 4, so that each transducer group 3 rotates counterclockwise and moves upward until the direction of the ultrasonic guided wave beam emitted by it is parallel to the weld 5; correspondingly, the fixing band 2 of the second transducer array 7 is adjusted to move downward along the circumference of the pipe 4, so that each transducer group 3 rotates counterclockwise and moves downward until the direction of the ultrasonic guided wave beam received is parallel to the weld 5.

[0068] Step 4: Control the n transducer groups 3 of the first transducer array 6 to simultaneously emit ultrasonic guided wave beams, exciting directional guided wave signals that cover the entire surface of the pipe 4 parallel to the spiral weld direction. The ultrasonic guided waves will propagate spirally within the pipe 4 along the direction parallel to the weld until they are received by the second transducer array 7. The echo signal received by the second transducer array 7 is recorded by the PC, and recorded as the first measurement result.

[0069] Step 5: When Step 4 is completed, and the second transducer array 7 receives the ultrasonic guided wave signal, it immediately transmits an ultrasonic guided wave beam of the same amplitude and power in the opposite direction, which is received by the first transducer array 6. Figure 8 As shown. The echo signal received by the first transducer array 6 is recorded by the PC as the result of the second measurement. The two measurements have the same amplitude and power. The first transducer array 6 and the second transducer array 7 alternately transmit and receive, forming two measurements in completely opposite directions. This allows for precise measurement of both the upper and lower sides of the spiral weld defect location, resulting in more accurate imaging results.

[0070] Step 6: After the first two measurements are completed, if... Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the fixing band 2 of the first transducer array 6 is adjusted to move downward along the circumference of the pipe 4, so that each transducer group 3 rotates clockwise and moves downward until the direction of the ultrasonic guided wave beam emitted by it is perpendicular to the weld 5; correspondingly, the fixing band 2 of the second transducer array 7 is adjusted to move upward along the circumference of the pipe 4, so that each transducer group 3 rotates clockwise and moves upward until the ultrasonic guided wave beam emission and reception directions of the transducer group 3 are both perpendicular to the spiral weld 5.

[0071] Step 7: Control the first transducer array 6 to transmit and the second transducer array 7 to receive, so that the transducer array 3 can achieve directional transmission perpendicular to the weld. The result is recorded by the PC and recorded as the third measurement result.

[0072] Step 8: After step 7 is completed, the second transducer array 7 receives the ultrasonic guided wave signal. The second transducer array 7 immediately transmits an ultrasonic guided wave beam of the same amplitude and power in the opposite direction, which is received by the first transducer array 6. Figure 10 The results were recorded by the PC as the fourth measurement result. These two measurements had the same amplitude and power as the previous two measurements. They were also transmitted and received alternately by the first transducer array 6 and the second transducer array 7, forming two measurements in completely opposite directions. This allowed for precise measurement of the left and right sides of the spiral weld defect location, resulting in more accurate imaging results.

[0073] Step 9: Combine the four measurement results into an image to generate a defect detection image. Further, the defect type and location in the defect detection image can be identified, and maintenance reminders can be issued based on the defect type and location.

[0074] This application performs four measurements on a single section of the tested pipe 4. When the ultrasonic guided wave emission direction is parallel to the weld direction, the first transducer array 6 transmits and the second transducer array 7 receives, recording the first measurement result. The second transducer array 7 then transmits and the first transducer array 6 receives, recording the second measurement result. When the ultrasonic guided wave emission direction is perpendicular to the weld direction, the first transducer array 6 transmits and the second transducer array 7 receives, recording the third measurement result. The second transducer array 7 then transmits and the first transducer array 6 receives, recording the fourth measurement result. Of course, in practical applications, the order of the four measurements is not limited. If the measurement order needs to be adjusted, the imaging synthesis method can be adjusted accordingly based on the inventive concept of this application.

[0075] The measured echo data is converted from ultrasonic echo signal to electrical signal by the transducer, and the electrical signal is converted into digital signal by the ADC chip and recorded on the PC. Each sampling data point is set to 40,000 data points. The first measurement result is recorded as A0, A1 to A39999; the second measurement result is recorded as B0, B1 to B39999; the third measurement result is recorded as C0, C1 to C39999; and the fourth measurement result is recorded as D0, D1 to D39999. The four measurement results are combined into a single waveform point according to different weights. Because the probability of detecting a defect perpendicular to the defect location is greater than that parallel to the defect location, the weight of the third and fourth measurement results perpendicular to the weld is 0.6, and the weight of the first and second measurement results parallel to the weld is 0.4. Formula (2) can then be used to weight the echo amplitude of each sampling data point in the four measurement results to obtain the comprehensive measurement echo amplitude of each sampling data point:

[0076] P i =0.2*A i +0.2*B i +0.3*C i +0.3*D i (2)

[0077] Where A i B i C i D i P represents the echo amplitude of the i-th sampling data point in the four measurement results. i This represents the comprehensive measured echo amplitude of the i-th sampling data point. 0 ≤ i ≤ 39999.

[0078] After all data points from the four final measurements are calculated, they are combined into a final 40,000 points. The comprehensive measurement echo amplitude P of each sampled data point is then calculated. i By matching the amplitude gradient to the RGB color of the corresponding pixel, a corresponding defect detection image can be generated and displayed on the PC interface as an RGB image. This application uses RGB display for imaging; the PC receives the echo data and calculates the comprehensive measured echo amplitude P of each data point. i The echo amplitude is matched with color according to the amplitude gradient. The lower the amplitude, the closer the color is to blue (or other colors), and the higher the amplitude, the lighter the color. Thus, the defect area can be determined based on the light-colored area.

[0079] In one specific embodiment, the method of this application ultimately yields the following result: Figure 11 The imaging results shown indicate that the measured spiral welded pipe has welding failure defects inside (light-colored area in the image). The results of conventional methods are as follows... Figure 12 As shown, comparison Figure 11 and Figure 12 It can be seen that the defect detection images obtained by using the method of this application have clearer defect contours and shapes, and the detection results are more accurate.

[0080] Compared with conventional pipeline inspection equipment and methods, the full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging inspection device and method of this application have at least the following advantages:

[0081] 1) Traditional ultrasonic transducers emit sound beams in a bidirectional manner. When multiple transducers form an ultrasonic detection array, the traditional emission method will interfere with the surrounding transducers, reduce emission efficiency, and affect power consumption. This application uses a dual-row transducer array and utilizes phase difference to cancel the interference of opposite directions of the helix, realizing unidirectional and directional ultrasonic guided wave beam emission.

[0082] 2) Compared to the phased array detection method, this application adopts a rotatable transducer array structure, which can adapt to various helical angles. Multiple transducers in each transducer array transmit and receive simultaneously, which simplifies the operation process compared to the phased array method, increases the transmission power of the transducer array, and makes the sound beam more uniform and controllable.

[0083] 3) Traditional ultrasonic testing equipment often uses a one-time excitation and one-time reception method for calculation. This application, however, uses transducer groups on both sides to alternately transmit and receive ultrasonic guided waves of the same amplitude and power. Two measurements in completely opposite directions can accurately measure the situation on both sides (up and down or left and right) of the defect location. With the help of rotatable transducer groups to detect perpendicular and parallel to the weld direction respectively, four measurements can be obtained for a defect location in four directions. Based on this, a composite image can be formed, which can significantly increase the detection accuracy.

[0084] 4) The guided wave testing technology used in this application is currently the most widely used technology in the field of non-destructive testing for long-distance testing scenarios such as pipelines. Compared with traditional ultrasonic testing methods, the advantage of guided wave transmission distance is particularly prominent, making it more suitable for pipeline testing.

[0085] 5) Considering that the weld joint of a spiral pipeline is spiral-shaped, defects are more likely to occur along the spiral line. This application proposes two detection methods: one perpendicular to the pipeline and the other parallel to the pipeline. By fixing two sets of transducer arrays at both ends of the pipeline along the circumference of the pipeline under test, the transducer arrays at both ends alternately transmit and receive signals, and then perform composite calculations. The four measurement results provide comprehensive full-surface coverage detection in four directions (up, down, left, and right) for the weld position most likely to have defects. Finally, the detection results are synthesized according to different weights, which greatly improves the defect detection accuracy.

[0086] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection device, characterized in that, include: Two sets of transducer arrays; each set of transducer arrays includes a duct surround, a fixed strip, and... Each transducer group comprises a housing, two side-by-side fixing rings, and two side-by-side ultrasonic guided wave transducers. The two side-by-side ultrasonic guided wave transducers are referred to as the first ultrasonic guided wave transducer and the second ultrasonic guided wave transducer, respectively. In each transducer group, the two ultrasonic guided wave transducers have the same orientation and amplitude. After multiple transmission measurements, by adjusting the phase difference of the transmission signals of the two ultrasonic guided wave transducers, the ultrasonic guided waves emitted by the first transducer in each transducer group along its orientation and back direction will be canceled by the back ultrasonic guided waves of the second transducer, thus enabling the transducer group to achieve unidirectional transmission. Both the pipe wrapping strip and the fixing strip are equally spaced along the length direction. There are 1 mounting hole, and the distance between two adjacent mounting holes is . The first fixing ring in each transducer group is connected to the mounting hole on the pipe wrapping belt, and the transducer group can rotate around the first fixing ring; the second fixing ring in each transducer group is connected to the mounting hole on the fixing belt, and the fixing belt can move up and down along the length direction.

2. The full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent mounting holes is ;in The diameter of the pipe being measured.

3. A method for imaging and detecting a full-surface covered array of helical waveguides, characterized in that, The full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection device according to any one of claims 1-2; the full-surface coverage array helical waveguide imaging detection method includes: Two sets of transducer arrays are fixed at both ends of the pipe under test along the circumference of the pipe under test, with each transducer array facing the section of the pipe under test. Adjust the fixed band positions of the two transducer arrays along the circumference of the pipe under test so that the direction of the ultrasonic guided wave emitted / received by each transducer array is parallel to the weld of the pipe under test. Controlling the first group of transducer arrays The transducer array simultaneously emits ultrasonic guided wave signals, which propagate spirally along the direction parallel to the weld in the pipe under test until they are received by the second transducer array; the echo signal measured by the second transducer array is recorded as the first measurement result. When the second transducer array receives the ultrasonic guided wave signal, it immediately transmits an ultrasonic guided wave signal of the same amplitude and power in the opposite direction, which is received by the first transducer array; the echo signal measured by the first transducer array is recorded as the second measurement result. Adjust the fixed band positions of the two transducer arrays along the circumference of the pipe under test so that the direction of the ultrasonic guided wave emitted / received by each transducer array is perpendicular to the weld of the pipe under test. Controlling the first group of transducer arrays The transducer array simultaneously emits ultrasonic guided wave signals, which propagate spirally along the weld seam in the pipe under test until they are received by the second transducer array; the echo signal measured by the second transducer array is recorded as the third measurement result. When the second transducer array receives the ultrasonic guided wave signal, it immediately transmits an ultrasonic guided wave signal of the same amplitude and power in the opposite direction, which is received by the first transducer array; the echo signal measured by the first transducer array is recorded as the fourth measurement result. Based on the results of four measurements, a synthetic imaging process is performed to generate a defect detection image.

4. The full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of fixing two sets of transducer arrays circumferentially at both ends of the pipe under test, with each transducer array facing the section of the pipe under test, specifically includes: Each of the two sets of transducer arrays is wrapped with a pipe wrapping strip around the pipe under test, so that the two sets of transducer arrays are fixed along the circumference of the pipe under test. The first transducer array is fixed at the left end of the pipe being tested, with each transducer array in the first transducer array facing to the right. The second transducer array is fixed at the right end of the pipe being tested, with each transducer in the second transducer array facing to the left.

5. The full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before adjusting the position of the fixing band along the circumference of the pipe being measured, the following steps are also included: The helix angle of the spiral weld of the pipe under test is measured in real time using an angle ruler and recorded.

6. The full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the four measurements, the amplitude and power of the emitted ultrasonic guided wave signals were the same.

7. The full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of synthesizing images based on the results of four measurements to generate defect detection images specifically includes: The echo amplitude of each sampling data point in the four measurement results is weighted and calculated to obtain the comprehensive measurement echo amplitude of each sampling data point; The comprehensive measurement echo amplitude of each sampled data point is matched with the color of the corresponding pixel according to the amplitude gradient to generate a defect detection image.

8. The full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The weighted calculation of the echo amplitude of each sampling data point in the four measurement results to obtain the comprehensive measurement echo amplitude of each sampling data point specifically includes: Using formula Calculate the first The combined measured echo amplitude of each sampling data point ;in These represent the results of the four measurements. The echo amplitude of each sampled data point.

9. The full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, After generating the defect detection image, the process further includes: Identify the type and location of defects in defect detection images.

10. The full-surface coverage array spiral waveguide imaging detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that, After identifying the defect type and location in the defect detection image, the method further includes: Maintenance reminders will be issued based on the type and location of the defects.

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