Diaphragm type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectricity combination

Abstract

The invention discloses a piezoelectric-triboelectricity composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter, and belongs to the field of energy collection. The diaphragm cylinder is installed on the converter base, and the two rotating speed increasing modules are symmetrically installed on the inner sides of a left baffle and a right baffle of the converter base; the lower end of the middle of the swing rod assembly is detachably and fixedly connected with a telescopic rod of the diaphragm air cylinder, the left end and the right end of the middle of the swing rod assembly are connected with a left baffle and a right baffle of the converter base, and the PVDF piezoelectric unit is fixedly installed on the swing rod assembly. The two friction power generation units are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the outer sides of the left baffle and the right baffle of the converter base, and the friction power generation units are detachably and fixedly connected with the rotation acceleration module through flange couplings. The air pressure energy converter can efficiently convert pressure energy in a pneumatic system into electric energy under the condition of small air consumption, meanwhile, the pressure electric energy and friction electric energy of the air pressure energy converter are captured, the overall electric energy output of the air pressure energy converter is improved, and the energy supply problem of a low-power-consumption wireless node in the pneumatic system is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of energy collection, and in particular relates to a diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-friction composite. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, information technology has also been significantly improved, which has greatly promoted the widespread application of wireless sensor networks in the field of pneumatic technology. However, in actual engineering application scenarios, wireless sensor networks still face some technical challenges. In particular, the problem of wireless energy supply in the system is still in the research stage. Therefore, it is urgent to explore how to efficiently collect various energies in the environment where low-power components are located, and develop small-sized, high-energy-density, sustainable-powered micro-energy devices to cope with the cumbersome and complex wiring of traditional wired cable power supply, poor mobility and limited battery life.

[0003] Many new technologies are emerging that can collect scattered mechanical energy in the surrounding environment as a sustainable and self-sufficient energy source. Among these technologies, piezoelectric nanogenerators and friction nanogenerators have been widely studied and developed due to their high energy conversion efficiency, strong low-frequency adaptability, and easy integration. They have been used to collect and utilize energy such as wind, waves, and vibration. Piezoelectric nanogenerators use the positive piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to convert the internal stress of piezoelectric materials into charge transfer, which is suitable for the collection of vibration energy. Friction nanogenerators are based on Max displacement currents and convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the coupling effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction.

[0004] Despite the above advantages, the amount of electricity collected by a single energy conversion method is still too low to meet the needs of many applications. Combining multiple power generation principles is a good choice, but the composite power generation energy harvester is usually large in volume, difficult to miniaturize, and not convenient for array use. In addition, after the energy harvester is connected to the pneumatic system, it should not affect the normal operation of the pneumatic system. Therefore, the gas consumption of the energy harvester should be minimized, and the flow field space and the volume of the energy harvester cavity should not be too large. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectric composite to solve the problems of insufficient power supply of a single energy harvester, large space volume of a composite energy harvester and inconvenience for array use, and large gas consumption of traditional air pressure energy converters.

[0006] The air pressure energy converter of the present invention can efficiently convert the pressure energy in the pneumatic system into electrical energy with relatively low air consumption, thereby solving the energy supply problem of low-power wireless nodes in the pneumatic system.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectric composite, the diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter comprising a converter base, a diaphragm cylinder, a flange coupling, a rocker assembly, a PVDF piezoelectric unit, two rotation speed increasing modules and two friction power generation units;

[0009] The diaphragm cylinder is detachably fixedly mounted on the converter base, the two rotation speed increasing modules are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the converter base and mounted on the inner sides of the left and right baffles of the converter base, the middle lower end of the rocker assembly is detachably fixedly connected to the telescopic rod of the diaphragm cylinder, the left and right ends of the middle of the rocker assembly are rotatably connected to the left and right baffles of the converter base, the PVDF piezoelectric unit is fixedly mounted on the rocker assembly, the two friction power generation units are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the outer sides of the left and right baffles of the converter base, and the friction power generation units are detachably fixedly connected to the rotation speed increasing module through a flange coupling.

[0010] Further, the converter base 1 includes a cylinder mounting seat, a base, a bearing I, a bearing II and a bearing III;

[0011] The cylinder mounting seat is composed of two side plates and a top plate fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two side plates. A through hole I is arranged at the center position of the top plate of the cylinder mounting seat for fixed connection of the diaphragm cylinder and the converter base; the base is composed of a seat plate and left and right baffles fixed on the left and right sides of the seat plate, and bearing mounting holes I, U-shaped slide grooves I, bearing mounting holes II and bearing mounting holes III are symmetrically arranged on the left baffle and the right baffle, and the U-shaped slide grooves I are arranged along the front and rear directions; the cylinder mounting seat is installed on the base, and the two side plates of the cylinder mounting seat are detachably fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the seat plate of the base; the bearings I, II and III are respectively installed in the bearing mounting holes I, II and III of the base.

[0012] Furthermore, the diaphragm cylinder includes a cylinder base, a disc-shaped diaphragm, a cylinder end cover, a return spring and a telescopic rod;

[0013] An air inlet is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the cylinder base, and a diaphragm mounting cavity is provided at the middle position of the top of the cylinder base; the disc-shaped diaphragm is installed on the cylinder base through the diaphragm mounting cavity; a center column is provided in the middle of the cylinder end cover, a limiting hole is provided at the center of the center column, and the lower end of the center column is provided in the inner cavity of the cylinder end cover as a limiting boss; the upper end of the center column protrudes from the top surface of the cylinder end cover as a connecting end, and the outer wall of the connecting end is provided with an external thread, and the connecting end passes through the through hole I on the cylinder mounting seat and installs the diaphragm cylinder on the converter base through a locking nut, and an exhaust hole is provided on the top of the cylinder end cover; a threaded hole is provided in the middle position of the rod end of the telescopic rod along the axial direction; the reset spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod, one end of the reset spring is fixed to the head of the telescopic rod, and the other end is fixed to the limiting boss of the cylinder end cover, the rod end of the telescopic rod is slidably provided in the limiting hole of the cylinder end cover, the head end of the telescopic rod is provided on the disc-shaped diaphragm, and the cylinder end cover is detachably fixedly connected with the disc-shaped diaphragm and the cylinder base.

[0014] Further, each of the rotation speed increasing modules includes a gear mounting plate, a bearing IV, a bearing V, a bearing VI, a double gear I, a double gear II, a double gear III and a single gear;

[0015] The gear mounting plate is provided with a bearing mounting hole IV, a U-shaped slide groove II, a bearing mounting hole V, and a bearing mounting hole VI; the bearing mounting hole IV, the U-shaped slide groove II, the bearing mounting hole V, and the bearing mounting hole VI are all arranged on the inner side of the gear mounting plate, and correspond to the bearing mounting hole I, the U-shaped slide groove I, the bearing mounting hole II, and the bearing mounting hole III on the base one by one; the bearing IV, the bearing V, and the bearing VI are respectively installed in the bearing mounting hole IV, the bearing mounting hole V, and the bearing mounting hole VI on the gear mounting plate;

[0016] The double gear I is composed of a central axis of the double gear I, a large gear of the double gear I and a small gear of the double gear I fixedly mounted on the central axis of the double gear I; the central axis of the double gear I is provided with shaft shoulders of the double gear I on both sides of the large gear of the double gear I and the small gear of the double gear I, and the small gear end and the large gear end of the central axis of the double gear I are respectively mounted on the bearing IV and the bearing I, and are limited by the shaft shoulders of the double gear I;

[0017] The double gear II is composed of a double gear II central shaft, a double gear II pinion and a double gear II large gear fixedly mounted on the double gear II central shaft; the double gear II central shaft is provided with double gear II shaft shoulders on both sides of the double gear II pinion and the double gear II large gear, and the pinion end and the large gear end of the double gear II central shaft are respectively slidably arranged in the U-shaped slide groove I and the U-shaped slide groove II, and are limited by the double gear II shaft shoulders;

[0018] The double gear III is composed of a double gear III central shaft, a double gear III pinion and a double gear III large gear fixedly mounted on the double gear III central shaft; the double gear III central shaft is provided with double gear III shaft shoulders on both sides of the double gear III pinion and the double gear III large gear, and the pinion end and the large gear end of the double gear III central shaft are respectively mounted on bearing V and bearing II, and are limited by the double gear III shaft shoulders;

[0019] The single-link gear is composed of a single-link gear central shaft and a rotating gear fixedly mounted on the single-link gear central shaft; the single-link gear central shaft is provided with single-link gear shoulders on both sides of the single-link gear, and the single-link gear central shaft is respectively installed on bearing VI and bearing III at a distance from the shorter end and the longer end of the single-link gear, and is limited by the single-link gear shoulders;

[0020] The double gear I is meshed with the double gear II pinion through the double gear I large gear, thereby driving the double gear II to rotate, thereby achieving a two-stage speed increase; the double gear II is meshed with the double gear III pinion through the double gear II large gear, thereby driving the double gear III to rotate, thereby achieving a three-stage speed increase; the double gear III is meshed with the rotating gear of the single gear through the double gear III large gear, thereby driving the single gear to rotate, thereby achieving a four-stage speed increase.

[0021] Furthermore, the modules of the double gear I large gear, double gear I small gear, double gear II large gear, double gear II small gear, double gear III large gear, double gear III small gear and rotating gear are m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6 and m7 respectively, and the number of teeth are n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6 and n7 respectively. The relationship of the module is m1=m2=m3=m4=m5=m6=m7, and the relationship of the number of teeth is n1>n2, n3>n4, n5>n6, and n1+n4>n2+n3, n3+n6>n4+n5 and n5>n7.

[0022] Furthermore, the swing rod assembly includes a moving rod, a 'T'-shaped connecting rod and two swing rod assembly units; each swing rod assembly unit includes a fixed rod, two swing rods, N piezoelectric unit connecting rods, N rotating hinges and two connecting rods:

[0023] The two swing rods are arranged side by side on the left and right, and one end of the two swing rods is provided with an incomplete gear, and the other ends of the two swing rods are provided with N through holes III arranged in a "one" shape along the length direction, which are used for the installation of multiple PVDF piezoelectric units, N ≥ 2; the outer wall of the lower rod of the "T"-shaped connecting rod is provided with a thread, and the cross rod of the "T"-shaped connecting rod is provided with a through hole IV passing through both ends, and one end of the rotating hinge is provided with a hinge mounting hole, and the two swing rods are arranged side by side and the one ends are respectively rotatably mounted on the fixed rod; the incomplete gear of the swing rod is meshed with the pinion of the double gear I, thereby driving the double gear I to rotate, and realizing a first-stage speed increase;

[0024] One end of the two connecting rods is rotatably connected to the corresponding rocking rods, and the other ends of the two connecting rods are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the moving rod; the 'T'-shaped connecting rod is gap-fitted into the middle position of the moving rod; the lower rod of the 'T'-shaped connecting rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the telescopic rod; the N piezoelectric unit connecting rods pass through the corresponding hinge mounting holes of the rotating hinge, and the other ends of the two rocking rods are rotatably connected to the two ends of the N piezoelectric unit connecting rods; the rocking rod assembly is rotatably mounted in the through hole II provided on the left and right baffles of the converter base through a fixed rod.

[0025] Furthermore, the PVDF piezoelectric unit is installed on the rotating hinge of the rocker assembly.

[0026] Further, each of the friction power generation units includes a stator I, interdigital electrodes, a stator II, a friction material I, a rotor I, a friction material II, a rotor II and a bearing VII;

[0027] The rotor I, stator II, rotor II, and stator I are coaxially arranged in sequence; a bearing mounting hole VII is provided at the center of the stator I; the bearing VII is mounted on the stator I through the bearing mounting hole VII; the interdigital electrodes are respectively adhered to the inner side surface of the stator I and the inner and outer side surfaces of the stator II by glue; the interdigital electrodes include an electrode I and an electrode II; the electrode I and the electrode II are both annular grid electrodes, and the areas of the electrode I and the electrode II are complementary;

[0028] The stator I is provided with an axial hole at the center position, the stator I and the stator II are coaxial and detachably fixedly connected at the outer periphery, and the stator I and the stator II are installed on a base; the friction material I is glued to the interdigitated electrode and completely covers it; the rotor I is fixedly connected to the central axis of the single gear through a flange coupling, the structure and assembly method of the rotor II are exactly the same as those of the rotor I, and it rotates synchronously with the rotor I; the friction material II is provided with a plurality of sector-shaped surfaces, and they are evenly distributed circumferentially, the shape, area and number of the sector-shaped surfaces corresponding to the electrode I and the electrode II, and the friction material II is glued to the inner side surface of the rotor I and the inner and outer side surfaces of the rotor II respectively.

[0029] Furthermore, the friction material I is a ring-shaped electronegative material, and the friction material I is polytetrafluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinyl chloride or polyimide.

[0030] Furthermore, the friction material II is an electropositive material, and the friction material II is aluminum, copper, gold or silver; or nylon, rabbit hair or hard rubber.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention relative to the prior art are:

[0032] 1. The air pressure energy converter proposed in the present invention can utilize the pressure energy in the pneumatic system to realize the linkage between the PVDF piezoelectric unit and the friction power generation unit, and at the same time capture the piezoelectric energy and friction electric energy of the air pressure energy converter to improve the overall power output of the air pressure energy converter.

[0033] 2. The present invention can increase the rotation speed of the friction power generation unit by adopting a rotation speed increasing module, thereby significantly improving the power output of the friction power generation unit.

[0034] 3. The air pressure energy converter of the present invention has a small and compact structure and is suitable for adding more PVDF piezoelectric units and friction power generation units for array and integration to further increase the electrical energy.

[0035] 4. The diaphragm cylinder used in the present invention has a simple structure. After the gas enters the air pressure energy converter, it pushes the disc-shaped diaphragm to deform. The air inlet cavity and the exhaust cavity are directly separated by the disc-shaped diaphragm. The cavity is smaller and has better sealing performance, and the air pressure energy converter consumes less gas.

[0036] 5. The air pressure energy converter of the present invention can efficiently convert the pressure energy in the pneumatic system into electrical energy with a relatively low air consumption, and at the same time capture the piezoelectric energy and frictional electric energy of the air pressure energy converter, thereby improving the overall electrical energy output of the air pressure energy converter and solving the energy supply problem of low-power wireless nodes in the pneumatic system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of a diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectric composite according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectric composite according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the base structure;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cylinder mounting seat structure;

[0041] Figure 5is a schematic diagram of the base structure;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the diaphragm cylinder structure;

[0043] Figure 7 This is the front view of the cylinder base;

[0044] Figure 8 for Figure 7 AA section view;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cylinder base structure;

[0046] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the disc-type diaphragm structure;

[0047] Fig.11 This is the front view of the cylinder end cover;

[0048] Fig.12 for Fig.11 BB cross-sectional view;

[0049] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the cylinder end cover structure;

[0050] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the telescopic rod structure;

[0051] Fig.15 The structure of the rotation speed increasing module is shown in Fig. Figure 1 ;

[0052] Fig.16 This is the main view of the rotation speed increasing module;

[0053] Fig.17 The structure of the rotation speed increasing module is shown in Fig. Figure 2 ;

[0054] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gear mounting plate in the main viewing direction;

[0055] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gear mounting plate in the rear view direction;

[0056] Fig. 20 It is the front view of the double gear I;

[0057] Fig.21 This is the main view of the double gear II;

[0058] Fig. 22 This is the front view of the double gear III;

[0059] Fig.23 This is the main view of a single gear;

[0060] Fig.24 Schematic diagram of the structure of the swing rod assembly;

[0061] Fig.25 It is the front view of the pendulum;

[0062] Fig.26 is a schematic diagram of the pendulum structure;

[0063] Fig. 27 This is the main view of the fixed rod;

[0064] Fig.28 is a schematic diagram of the fixed rod structure;

[0065] Fig.29 is a schematic diagram of the mobile rod structure;

[0066] Fig.30 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 'T'-shaped connecting rod;

[0067] Fig.31 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating hinge structure;

[0068] Fig.32 is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure;

[0069] Fig.33 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the PVDF piezoelectric unit;

[0070] Fig.34 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction power generation unit component;

[0071] Fig.35 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of stator I;

[0072] Fig.36 Schematic diagram of the interdigitated electrode structure;

[0073] Fig.37 It is the structural schematic diagram of stator II;

[0074] Fig.38 Schematic diagram of the rotor I structure Figure 1 ;

[0075] Fig.39 Schematic diagram of the rotor I structure Figure 2 ;

[0076] Fig.40 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of friction material II;

[0077] Fig.41 The figure is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectric composite according to the present invention.

[0078] The names and reference numerals of the components involved in the above drawings are as follows:

[0079] Converter base 1, cylinder mounting base 1-1, bolt countersunk hole I1-1-1, through hole I1-1-2, flat head bolt 1-2, base 1-3, threaded hole I1-3-1, bolt countersunk hole II1-3-2, threaded hole II1-3-3, through hole II1-3-4, bearing mounting hole I1-3-5, U-shaped slide groove I1-3-6, bearing mounting hole II1-3-7, bearing mounting hole III1-3-8, bearing I1-4, bearing II1-5, bearing III1-6, locking nut 2, diaphragm cylinder 3, cylinder base 3-1, air inlet hole 3-1-1, fastening bolt countersunk hole 3-1-2, diaphragm mounting cavity 3-1-3, fastening bolt assembly 3-2, disc diaphragm 3-3, diaphragm mounting hole 3- 3-1, cylinder end cover 3-4, end cover mounting hole 3-4-1, limit hole 3-4-2, limit boss 3-4-3, exhaust hole 3-4-4, connecting end 3-4-5, reset spring 3-5, telescopic rod 3-6, threaded hole 3-6-1, single-head hexagonal stud 4, retaining spring 5, flange coupling 6, hexagonal stud assembly 7, rotation speed increasing module 8, gear mounting plate 8-1, bearing mounting hole IV8-1-1, U-shaped slide II8-1-2, bearing mounting hole V8-1-3, bearing mounting hole VI8-1-4, bolt countersunk hole III8-1-5, bearing IV8-2, bearing V8-3, bearing VI8-4, double gear I8-5, double gear I large gear 8-5-1, double gear I shoulder 8- 5-2, double gear I small gear 8-5-3, double gear II 8-6, double gear II small gear 8-6-1, double gear II shoulder 8-6-2, double gear II large gear 8-6-3, double gear III 8-7, double gear III large gear 8-7-1, double gear III shoulder 8-7-2, double gear III small gear 8-7-3, single gear 8-8, rotating gear 8-8-1, single gear shoulder 8-8-2, rocker assembly 9, rocker 9-1, fixed rod connecting hole 9-1-1, connecting rod connecting hole 9-1-2, through hole III 9-1-3, incomplete gear 9-1-4, fixed rod 9-2, retaining spring groove I 9-2-1, retaining spring groove II 9-2-2, retaining spring Slot III9-2-3, pin with retaining spring groove 9-3, moving rod 9-4, retaining spring groove V9-4-1, piezoelectric unit connecting rod 9-5, 'T' shaped connecting rod 9-6, lower rod 9-6-1, through hole IV9-6-2, rotating hinge 9-7, hinge mounting hole 9-7-1, through hole V9-7-2, connecting rod 9-8, through hole VI9-8-1, through hole VII9-8-2, PVDF piezoelectric unit 10, piezoelectric unit mounting hole 10-1, bolt assembly 11, friction power generation unit 12, stator I12-1, stator I mounting hole 12-1-1, bearing mounting hole VII12-1-2, interdigital electrode 12-2, electrode I12-2-1, electrode II12-2-2, stator II12-3,Stator II mounting hole 12-3-1, friction material I 12-4, rotor I 12-5, rotor I mounting hole 12-5-1, circular groove 12-5-2, friction material II 12-6, sector surface 12-6-1, rotor II 12-7, bearing VII 12-8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] Specific implementation method 1: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.14 As shown, this embodiment discloses a diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectric composite, wherein the diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter includes a converter base 1, a diaphragm cylinder 3, a flange coupling 6, a rocker assembly 9, a PVDF piezoelectric unit 10, two rotation speed increasing modules 8 and two friction power generation units 12;

[0081] The diaphragm cylinder 3 is detachably fixedly installed on the converter base 1, the two rotation speed increasing modules 8 are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the converter base 1 and are respectively installed on the inner sides of the left and right baffles of the converter base 1 through the hexagonal stud assemblies 7, the middle lower end of the rocker assembly 9 is detachably fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 3-6 of the diaphragm cylinder 3 through threads, the left and right ends of the middle part of the rocker assembly 9 are rotatably connected to the left and right baffles of the converter base 1, the left and right ends of the middle part of the rocker assembly 9 are respectively limited by the retaining spring 5, the PVDF piezoelectric unit 10 is fixedly installed on the rocker assembly 9 through the bolt assembly 11, the two friction power generation units 12 are respectively symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer sides of the left and right baffles of the converter base 1 through the single-head hexagonal studs 4, and the friction power generation unit 12 is detachably fixedly connected to the rotation speed increasing module 8 through the flange coupling 6 and the bolt assembly 11.

[0082] Further, such as Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, the converter base 1 includes a cylinder mounting seat 1-1, a base 1-3, a bearing I1-4, a bearing II1-5 and a bearing III1-6;

[0083] The cylinder mounting seat 1-1 is composed of two side plates and a top plate fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two side plates, and four bolt countersunk holes I1-1-1 are symmetrically arranged on the two side plates of the cylinder mounting seat 1-1, and a through hole I1-1-2 is arranged at the center position of the top plate of the cylinder mounting seat 1-1, which is used for the fixed connection of the diaphragm cylinder 3 and the converter base 1; the base 1-3 is composed of a seat plate and left and right baffles fixed on the left and right sides of the seat plate, and two ear seats are symmetrically arranged on the upper ends of the left baffle and the right baffle, and through holes II1-3-4 are symmetrically arranged on the two ear seats for the installation and limitation of the rocker assembly 9, and bearing mounting holes I1-3-5, U-shaped slide grooves I1-3-6, bearing mounting holes II1-3-7 and bearing mounting holes III1-3-8 are symmetrically arranged on the left baffle and the right baffle; the U-shaped slide groove I1-3-6 is arranged along the front-to-back direction for the installation and limitation of the rotation speed increasing module 8;

[0084] The front and rear sides of the base plate of the base 1-3 are symmetrically provided with four threaded holes I1-3-1, and the four threaded holes I1-3-1 correspond to the four bolt countersunk holes I1-1-1 one by one; the left and right baffles of the base 1-3 are respectively centrally symmetrically provided with five bolt countersunk holes II1-3-2 for fixing the rotation speed increasing module 8; the left and right sides of the base 1-3 are respectively symmetrically provided with four threaded holes II1-3-3 for installing and fixing the friction power generation unit 12;

[0085] The cylinder mounting seat 1-1 is installed on the base 1-3, and the two side plates of the cylinder mounting seat 1-1 are detachably fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the seat plate of the base 1-3 through the bolt countersunk hole I1-1-1, the threaded hole I1-3-1 and the flat head bolt 1-2; the bearing I1-4, the bearing II1-5 and the bearing III1-6 are respectively installed in the bearing mounting hole I1-3-5, the bearing mounting hole II1-3-7 and the bearing mounting hole III1-3-8 of the base 1-3.

[0086] Further, such as Figure 1 , Figure 6 to Figure 14 As shown, the diaphragm cylinder 3 includes a cylinder base 3-1, a disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3, a cylinder end cover 3-4, a return spring 3-5 and a telescopic rod 3-6;

[0087] The bottom middle position of the cylinder base 3-1 is provided with an air inlet 3-1-1, and the top of the cylinder base 3-1 is evenly distributed with six fastening bolt countersunk holes 3-1-2 along the circumferential direction, which are used for connecting and fixing the cylinder base 3-1, the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 and the cylinder end cover 3-4. The air inlet 3-1-1 is a threaded connection hole, which is used for subsequent threaded connection with the external air pipe quick connector; the top middle position of the cylinder base 3-1 is provided with a diaphragm installation cavity 3-1-3;

[0088] The disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 is installed on the cylinder base 3-1 through the diaphragm installation cavity 3-1-3. Six diaphragm installation holes 3-3-1 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction around the top of the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3. The six diaphragm installation holes 3-3-1 correspond to the six fastening bolt countersunk holes 3-1-2 of the cylinder base 3-1 one by one. The disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 not only serves as a seal, but also plays a role in isolating the gas in the cylinder base 3-1 and the cylinder end cover 3-4. It can be elastically deformed as the air pressure increases, thereby pushing the telescopic rod 3-6 to move; the material of the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 is rubber, and the rubber is fluororubber or chloroprene rubber;

[0089] A center column is provided in the middle of the cylinder end cover 3-4, and a limiting hole 3-4-2 is provided in the center of the center column for circumferential limiting of the telescopic rod 3-6; the lower end of the center column is provided in the inner cavity of the cylinder end cover 3-4 as a limiting boss 3-4-3, which is used for axial limiting of the reset spring 3-5 and the telescopic rod 3-6; the upper end of the center column protrudes from the top surface of the cylinder end cover 3-4 as a connecting end 3-4-5, and the outer wall of the connecting end 3-4-5 is provided with an external thread, and the connecting end 3-4-5 is penetrated The diaphragm cylinder 3 is mounted on the converter base 1 through the through hole 1-1-2 on the cylinder mounting seat 1-1 and the locking nut 2. The top of the cylinder end cover 3-4 is provided with an exhaust hole 3-4-4 for communicating with the atmosphere; the bottom of the cylinder end cover 3-4 is evenly provided with six end cover mounting holes 3-4-1 along the circumferential direction, and the six end cover mounting holes 3-4-1 correspond to the six fastening bolt countersunk holes 3-1-2 and the six diaphragm mounting holes 3-3-1 one by one, and are used for the installation and fixation of the cylinder end cover 3-4;

[0090] The telescopic rod 3-6 (a 'T'-shaped structure) is provided with a threaded hole 3-6-1 in the middle of the rod end along the axial direction for connecting the diaphragm cylinder 3 and the rocker assembly 9;

[0091] The return spring 3-5 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod 3-6, one end of the return spring 3-5 is fixed to the head of the telescopic rod 3-6, and the other end is fixed to the limiting boss 3-4-3 of the cylinder end cover 3-4, the rod end of the telescopic rod 3-6 is slidably set in the limiting hole 3-4-2 of the cylinder end cover 3-4, the head end of the telescopic rod 3-6 is set on the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3, and the cylinder end cover 3-4 is detachably fixedly connected with the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 and the cylinder base 3-1 through the end cover mounting hole 3-4-1, the diaphragm mounting hole 3-3-1, the fastening bolt countersunk hole 3-1-2 and the fastening bolt assembly 3-2.

[0092] Further, such as Figure 15 to Figure 23As shown, each of the rotation speed increasing modules 8 includes a gear mounting plate 8-1, a bearing IV8-2, a bearing V8-3, a bearing VI8-4, a double gear I8-5, a double gear II8-6, a double gear III8-7 and a single gear 8-8;

[0093] The gear mounting plate 8-1 is provided with a bearing mounting hole IV8-1-1, a U-shaped groove II8-1-2, a bearing mounting hole V8-1-3, a bearing mounting hole VI8-1-4 and five bolt countersunk holes III8-1-5; the bearing mounting hole IV8-1-1, the U-shaped groove II8-1-2, the bearing mounting hole V8-1-3, the bearing mounting hole VI8-1-4 are all arranged on the inner side of the gear mounting plate 8-1, and are respectively connected with the bearing mounting hole I1-3-5, the U-shaped groove I1-3-6, the bearing mounting hole V8-1-3 and the bearing mounting hole VI8-1-4 on the base 1-3. The mounting holes II1-3-7 and the bearing mounting holes III1-3-8 correspond one to one; the five bolt countersunk holes III8-1-5 are arranged on the outer side of the gear mounting plate 8-1, and correspond one to one with the five bolt countersunk holes II1-3-2 on the base 1-3, and are used for the installation and fixation of the gear mounting plate 8-1; the bearing IV8-2, the bearing V8-3 and the bearing VI8-4 are respectively installed in the bearing mounting hole IV8-1-1, the bearing mounting hole V8-1-3 and the bearing mounting hole VI8-1-4 on the gear mounting plate 8-1;

[0094] The double gear I8-5 is composed of a double gear I central axis and a double gear I large gear 8-5-1 and a double gear I small gear 8-5-3 fixedly mounted on the double gear I central axis; the double gear I central axis is located on both sides of the double gear I large gear 8-5-1 and the double gear I small gear 8-5-3, and a double gear I shaft shoulder 8-5-2 is provided, and the small gear end and the large gear end of the double gear I central axis are respectively mounted on the bearing IV8-2 and the bearing I1-4, and are limited by the double gear I shaft shoulder 8-5-2;

[0095] The double gear II8-6 is composed of a double gear II central axis and a double gear II pinion 8-6-1 and a double gear II large gear 8-6-3 fixedly mounted on the double gear II central axis; the double gear II central axis is provided with double gear II shaft shoulders 8-6-2 on both sides of the double gear II pinion 8-6-1 and the double gear II large gear 8-6-3, and the pinion end and the large gear end of the double gear II central axis are respectively slidably arranged in the U-shaped slide groove I1-3-6 and the U-shaped slide groove II8-1-2, and are limited by the double gear II shaft shoulders 8-6-2;

[0096] The double gear III8-7 is composed of a double gear III central shaft, a double gear III pinion 8-7-3 and a double gear III large gear 8-7-1 fixedly mounted on the double gear III central shaft; the double gear III central shaft is located on both sides of the double gear III pinion 8-7-3 and the double gear III large gear 8-7-1, and a double gear III shaft shoulder 8-7-2 is provided, and the pinion end and the large gear end of the double gear III central shaft are respectively mounted on the bearing V8-3 and the bearing II1-5, and are limited by the double gear III shaft shoulder 8-7-2;

[0097] The single gear 8-8 is composed of a single gear center shaft and a rotating gear 8-8-1 fixedly mounted on the single gear center shaft; the single gear center shaft is located on both sides of the single gear 8-8 and is provided with single gear shaft shoulders 8-8-2, and the single gear center shaft is respectively installed on bearing VI8-4 and bearing III1-6 at the shorter end and the longer end of the single gear 8-8, and is limited by the single gear shaft shoulders 8-8-2;

[0098] The double gear I8-5 is meshed with the double gear II small gear 8-6-1 through the double gear I large gear 8-5-1, thereby driving the double gear II8-6 to rotate, achieving a two-stage speed increase;

[0099] The double gear II 8-6 is meshed with the double gear III small gear 8-7-3 through the double gear II large gear 8-6-3, thereby driving the double gear III 8-7 to rotate, achieving a three-stage speed increase;

[0100] The double gear III 8-7 is meshed with the rotating gear 8-8-1 of the single gear 8-8 through the double gear III large gear 8-7-1, thereby driving the single gear 8-8 to rotate, achieving a four-stage speed increase.

[0101] Further, such as Figure 20 to Figure 23 As shown, the modules of the double gear I large gear 8-5-1, the double gear I small gear 8-5-3, the double gear II large gear 8-6-3, the double gear II small gear 8-6-1, the double gear III large gear 8-7-1, the double gear III small gear 8-7-3 and the rotating gear 8-8-1 are m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6 and m7 respectively, and the number of teeth are n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6 and n7 respectively. The relationship of the module is m1=m2=m3=m4=m5=m6=m7, and the relationship of the number of teeth is n1>n2, n3>n4, n5>n6, and n1+n4>n2+n3, n3+n6>n4+n5 and n5>n7.

[0102] Further, such as Figure 24 to Figure 32As shown, the swing rod assembly 9 includes a moving rod 9-4, a 'T'-shaped connecting rod 9-6 and two swing rod assembly units; each swing rod assembly unit includes a fixed rod 9-2, two swing rods 9-1, N piezoelectric unit connecting rods 9-5, N rotating hinges 9-7 and two connecting rods 9-8:

[0103] The two swing rods 9-1 are arranged side by side, and one end of the two swing rods 9-1 is provided with a fixed rod connection hole 9-1-1, a connecting rod connection hole 9-1-2 and an incomplete gear 9-1-4, and the other end of the two swing rods 9-1 is provided with N through holes III9-1-3 arranged in a "one" shape along the length direction, which are used for the installation of multiple PVDF piezoelectric units 10, N ≥ 2;

[0104] The module of the incomplete gear 9-1-4 is m8, the number of teeth when fully toothed is n8, m8=m2, n8>2, and the two ends of the outer wall of the fixed rod 9-2 are symmetrically provided with a retaining spring groove I9-2-1, a retaining spring groove II9-2-2 and a retaining spring groove III9-2-3;

[0105] Two retaining ring grooves V9-4-1 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the outer wall of the moving rod 9-4; a thread is arranged on the outer wall of the lower rod 9-6-1 of the 'T'-shaped connecting rod 9-6, and a through hole IV9-6-2 penetrating both ends is arranged inside the cross bar of the 'T'-shaped connecting rod 9-6, and the 'T'-shaped connecting rod 9-6 is used for connecting the diaphragm cylinder 3 and the rocker assembly 9; a hinge mounting hole 9-7-1 is arranged at one end of the rotating hinge 9-7, and two through holes V9-7-2 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting plate of the rotating hinge 9-7; through holes VI9-8-1 and through holes VII9-8-2 are respectively arranged at both ends of the connecting rod 9-8 along the thickness direction;

[0106] Two swing rods 9-1 are arranged in parallel and one end of each swing rod is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod 9-2 through the fixed rod connecting hole 9-1-1 (located between the retaining spring groove I9-2-1 and the retaining spring groove II9-2-2, and axially limited by the retaining spring 5); the incomplete gear 9-1-4 of the swing rod 9-1 is meshed with the pinion 8-5-3 of the double gear I, thereby driving the double gear I8-5 to rotate, achieving a first-stage speed increase;

[0107] One end of the two connecting rods 9-8 is rotatably connected to the corresponding rocker rod 9-1 through a pin 9-3 with a retaining ring groove that passes through the through hole VI9-8-1 and the connecting rod connecting hole 9-1-2, and the other end of the two connecting rods 9-8 is rotatably mounted on the two ends of the moving rod 9-4 through the through hole VII9-8-2 and axially limited by the retaining ring 5; the 'T'-shaped connecting rod 9-6 is sleeved on the middle position of the moving rod 9-4 through the through hole IV9-6-2; the lower rod 9-6-1 of the 'T'-shaped connecting rod 9-6 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 3-6-1 of the telescopic rod 3-6; N piezoelectric unit connecting rods 9-5 (structural shape The two rocker arms 9-1 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the N piezoelectric unit connecting rods 9-5 through the N through holes III9-1-3 respectively, and the piezoelectric unit connecting rods 9-5 are axially limited by the retaining spring 5; the rocker arm assembly 9 is rotatably installed in the through holes II1-3-4 of the left and right baffles of the converter base 1 through the fixed rod 9-2 and the through holes II1-3-4, and is limited by the cooperation of the retaining spring 5 and the retaining spring groove III9-2-3 to prevent the rocker arm assembly 9 from sliding left and right on the converter base 1.

[0108] Further, such as Fig.33 As shown, four piezoelectric unit mounting holes 10-1 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the PVDF piezoelectric unit 10, and the positions of the four piezoelectric unit mounting holes 10-1 correspond to the through holes V9-7-2 of the two rocker assembly units. The PVDF piezoelectric unit 10 is installed on the rotating hinge 9-7 of the rocker assembly 9 through the piezoelectric unit mounting holes 10-1, the through holes V9-7-2 and the bolt assembly 11.

[0109] Further, such as Figures 34 to 40 As shown, each of the friction power generation units 12 includes a stator I12-1, an interdigital electrode 12-2, a stator II12-3, a friction material I12-4, a rotor I12-5, a friction material II12-6, a rotor II12-7 and a bearing VII12-8;

[0110] The rotor I12-5, stator II12-3, rotor II12-7, and stator I12-1 are coaxially arranged in sequence; a bearing mounting hole VII12-1-2 is provided at the center of the stator I12-1, and a plurality of lugs are provided on the outer periphery of the stator I12-1, and a stator I mounting hole 12-1-1 is provided on the lugs; the bearing VII12-8 is installed on the stator I12-1 through the bearing mounting hole VII12-1-2; the interdigitated electrodes 12-2 are respectively attached to the inner side of the stator I12-1 by glue. The inner and outer sides of the surface and the stator II12-3; the interdigital electrode 12-2 is used as an electrode of the friction material I12-4, and the interdigital electrode 12-2 can be made of conductive metal materials such as aluminum, copper, gold, and silver. In this embodiment, the material of the interdigital electrode 12-2 is copper; the interdigital electrode 12-2 includes an electrode I12-2-1 and an electrode II12-2-2; the electrode I12-2-1 and the electrode II12-2-2 are both annular grid electrodes, and the areas of the electrode I12-2-1 and the electrode II12-2-2 are complementary;

[0111] The stator I12-1 is provided with an axial hole at the center position, and the outer periphery of the stator II12-3 is provided with a plurality of lugs II, and the lugs II are provided with stator II mounting holes 12-3-1, and their position distribution corresponds to the stator I mounting holes 12-1-1; the stator I12-1 and the stator II12-3 are coaxial and the outer periphery is detachably fixedly connected, and the stator I12-1 and the stator II12-3 are installed on the base 1-3 (the stator II mounting hole 12-3-1 and the stator I mounting hole 12-1-1 are detachably fixedly connected to the stator I12-1 and the stator II12-3 by single-head hexagonal studs 4 and flat-head bolts 1-2, and are installed on the base 1-3 through threaded holes II1-3-3); the friction material I12-4 is glued to the interdigital electrode 12-2 and completely covers it;

[0112] A circular groove 12-5-2 is provided at the center of the rotor I12-5, and a plurality of rotor I mounting holes 12-5-1 are provided at the bottom of the circular groove 12-5-2. The rotor I12-5 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the single gear through the rotor I mounting hole 12-5-1, the bolt assembly 11 and the flange coupling 6, and can rotate with the rotation of the single gear 8-8. The flange surface of the flange coupling 6 is installed on the side of the rotor I12-5 facing away from the circular groove 12-5-2; the structure and assembly method of the rotor II12-7 are exactly the same as those of the rotor I12-5, and rotates synchronously with the rotor I12-5;

[0113] The friction material II12-6 is provided with a plurality of sector-shaped surfaces 12-6-1, which are evenly distributed circumferentially. The shape, area and number of the sector-shaped surfaces 12-6-1 correspond to the electrode I12-2-1 and the electrode II12-2-2. The friction material II12-6 is respectively adhered to the inner side surface of the rotor I12-5 and the inner and outer side surfaces of the rotor II12-7 by gluing.

[0114] Further, such as Fig.34 As shown, the friction material I12-4 is a ring-shaped electronegative material, and the friction material I12-4 is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyimide (Kapton) (an insulating material that is easier to obtain electrons). In this embodiment, the friction material I12-4 is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE);

[0115] Further, such as Fig.40 As shown, the friction material II12-6 is an electropositive material, and the friction material II12-6 is aluminum, copper, gold or silver (metal materials with conductive properties); or nylon, rabbit hair or hard rubber (insulating materials that are more likely to lose electrons). In this embodiment, the friction material II12-6 is copper.

[0116] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0117] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Fig.15 , Fig.18 , Fig.26 , Fig.34 , Fig.36 and Fig.41As shown, the present invention utilizes the pressure energy in the pneumatic system to propose a diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectric composite, which can realize the simultaneous capture of piezoelectric energy and triboelectric energy, and improve the electrical energy output of the air pressure energy converter. The specific process is: when the gas enters the air intake cavity 100 (the air intake cavity 100 is formed by the space between the bottom surface of the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 and the bottom surface of the diaphragm installation cavity 3-1-3 of the cylinder base 3-1) from the air intake hole 3-1-1, the pressure in the air intake cavity 100 increases, the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 bulges upward, and then pushes the telescopic rod 3-6 to move upward and drives the swing rod 9-1 to swing outward, and the excess gas pressed out of the exhaust cavity 101 (the exhaust cavity 101 is formed by the space between the bottom surface of the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 and the cylinder end cover 3-4) is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust hole 3-4-4. When the gas is disconnected, the pressure in the air inlet chamber 100 decreases, and the telescopic rod 3-6 moves downward under the action of the reset spring 3-5 and drives the rocker 9-1 to swing inward, and the disc-shaped diaphragm 3-3 recovers its deformation. When the rocker 9-1 swings back and forth periodically, the PVDF piezoelectric unit 10 can bend and deform to generate piezoelectric energy. At the same time, the incomplete gear 9-1-4 set at the end of the rocker 9-1 can drive the rotation speed increasing module 8 to rotate, increase the rotation speed of the friction power generation unit 12, and thus obtain the friction power output with enhanced performance.

[0118] In order to prevent the friction power generation unit 12 from reversing when the pendulum rod 9-1 is swung back to reset, a U-shaped groove I1-3-6 and a U-shaped groove II8-1-2 are respectively provided on the base 1-3 and the gear mounting plate 8-1, so that the gears in the rotating speed increasing module 8 can be disengaged when the pendulum rod 9-1 is swung back to reset, thereby realizing that the friction power generation unit 12 always rotates in the same direction at an accelerated speed.

[0119] The friction material I12-4 pasted on the inner side surface of the stator I12-1 and the inner and outer side surfaces of the stator II12-3 and the friction material II12-6 pasted on the inner side surface of the rotor I12-5 and the inner and outer side surfaces of the rotor II12-7 constitute three pairs of friction power generation units. When the rotor I12-5 and the rotor II12-7 rotate synchronously, due to the different abilities of the friction material I12-4 and the friction material II12-6 to gain and lose electrons, based on the principle of friction electrification and electrostatic induction coupling, electrons will flow back and forth between the electrode I12-2-1 and the electrode II12-2-2 on the forked electrode 12-2, generating frictional electric energy.

[0120] In summary, when the periodically switched gas in the pneumatic system flows into the diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter, the air pressure energy converter can output both piezoelectric and triboelectric electrical energy outputs simultaneously.

[0121] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter based on piezoelectric-triboelectric composite, characterized in that: The diaphragm-type air pressure energy converter comprises a converter base (1), a diaphragm cylinder (3), a flange coupling (6), a rocker assembly (9), a PVDF piezoelectric unit (10), two rotation speed increasing modules (8) and two friction power generation units (12); The diaphragm cylinder (3) is detachably fixedly mounted on the converter base (1); the two rotation speed increasing modules (8) are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the converter base (1) and are mounted on the inner sides of the left and right baffles of the converter base (1); the middle lower end of the swing arm assembly (9) is detachably fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (3-6) of the diaphragm cylinder (3); the left and right ends of the middle of the swing arm assembly (9) are rotationally connected to the left and right baffles of the converter base (1); the PVDF piezoelectric unit (10) is fixedly mounted on the swing arm assembly (9); the two friction power generation units (12) are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the outer sides of the left and right baffles of the converter base (1); and the friction power generation unit (12) is detachably fixedly connected to the rotation speed increasing module (8) via a flange coupling (6).

2. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The converter base (1) comprises a cylinder mounting seat (1-1), a base (1-3), a bearing I (1-4), a bearing II (1-5) and a bearing III (1-6); The cylinder mounting seat (1-1) is composed of two side plates and a top plate fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two side plates. A through hole I (1-1-2) is provided at the center of the top plate of the cylinder mounting seat (1-1) for fixedly connecting the diaphragm cylinder (3) and the converter base (1). The base (1-3) is composed of a seat plate and left and right baffles fixed on the left and right sides of the seat plate. The left baffle and the right baffle are symmetrically provided with bearing mounting holes I (1-3-5), U-shaped slide grooves I (1-3-6), bearing mounting holes II (1-3-7) and bearing mounting holes II (1-3-8). I (1-3-8), the U-shaped slide groove I (1-3-6) is arranged along the front-to-back direction; the cylinder mounting seat (1-1) is installed on the base (1-3), and the two side plates of the cylinder mounting seat (1-1) are detachably fixedly connected to the front and rear side surfaces of the seat plate of the base (1-3); the bearing I (1-4), bearing II (1-5) and bearing III (1-6) are respectively installed in the bearing mounting hole I (1-3-5), bearing mounting hole II (1-3-7) and bearing mounting hole III (1-3-8) of the base (1-3).

3. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diaphragm cylinder (3) comprises a cylinder base (3-1), a disc-shaped diaphragm (3-3), a cylinder end cover (3-4), a return spring (3-5) and a telescopic rod (3-6); An air inlet hole (3-1-1) is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the cylinder base (3-1), and a diaphragm installation cavity (3-1-3) is provided at the middle position of the top of the cylinder base (3-1); the disc-shaped diaphragm (3-3) is installed on the cylinder base (3-1) through the diaphragm installation cavity (3-1-3); a central column is provided in the middle of the cylinder end cover (3-4), a limiting hole (3-4-2) is provided at the center of the central column, and the lower end of the central column is provided as a limiting boss (3-4-3) in the inner cavity of the cylinder end cover (3-4); the upper end of the central column protrudes from the top surface of the cylinder end cover (3-4) as a connecting end (3-4-5), and the outer wall of the connecting end (3-4-5) is provided with an external thread, and the connecting end (3-4-5) passes through the through hole I (1-1-2) on the cylinder mounting seat (1-1) The diaphragm cylinder (3) is mounted on the converter base (1) by means of a locking nut (2); an exhaust hole (3-4-4) is arranged on the top of the cylinder end cover (3-4); a threaded hole (3-6-1) is arranged axially at the middle position of the rod end of the telescopic rod (3-6); the reset spring (3-5) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod (3-6); one end of the reset spring (3-5) is fixed to the head of the telescopic rod (3-6), and the other end is fixed to the limiting boss (3-4-3) of the cylinder end cover (3-4); the rod end of the telescopic rod (3-6) is slidably arranged in the limiting hole (3-4-2) of the cylinder end cover (3-4); the head end of the telescopic rod (3-6) is arranged on the disc-shaped diaphragm (3-3); the cylinder end cover (3-4) is detachably fixedly connected to the disc-shaped diaphragm (3-3) and the cylinder base (3-1).

4. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the rotation speed increasing modules (8) comprises a gear mounting plate (8-1), a bearing IV (8-2), a bearing V (8-3), a bearing VI (8-4), a double gear I (8-5), a double gear II (8-6), a double gear III (8-7) and a single gear (8-8); The gear mounting plate (8-1) is provided with a bearing mounting hole IV (8-1-1), a U-shaped slide groove II (8-1-2), a bearing mounting hole V (8-1-3), and a bearing mounting hole VI (8-1-4); the bearing mounting hole IV (8-1-1), the U-shaped slide groove II (8-1-2), the bearing mounting hole V (8-1-3), and the bearing mounting hole VI (8-1-4) are all arranged on the inner side of the gear mounting plate (8-1) and are respectively connected to the base (1 -3), the bearing mounting hole I (1-3-5), the U-shaped slide groove I (1-3-6), the bearing mounting hole II (1-3-7) and the bearing mounting hole III (1-3-8) correspond to each other one by one; the bearing IV (8-2), the bearing V (8-3) and the bearing VI (8-4) are respectively mounted in the bearing mounting hole IV (8-1-1), the bearing mounting hole V (8-1-3) and the bearing mounting hole VI (8-1-4) on the gear mounting plate (8-1); The double gear I (8-5) is composed of a central axis of the double gear I, a large gear (8-5-1) of the double gear I fixedly mounted on the central axis of the double gear I, and a small gear (8-5-3) of the double gear I; the central axis of the double gear I is located on both sides of the large gear (8-5-1) of the double gear I and the small gear (8-5-3) of the double gear I, and a shaft shoulder (8-5-2) of the double gear I is arranged; the small gear end and the large gear end of the central axis of the double gear I are respectively mounted on the bearing IV (8-2) and the bearing I (1-4), and are limited by the shaft shoulder (8-5-2) of the double gear I; The double gear II (8-6) is composed of a double gear II central axis, a double gear II pinion (8-6-1) and a double gear II large gear (8-6-3) fixedly mounted on the double gear II central axis; the double gear II central axis is provided with double gear II shaft shoulders (8-6-2) on both sides of the double gear II pinion (8-6-1) and the double gear II large gear (8-6-3); the pinion end and the large gear end of the double gear II central axis are respectively slidably arranged in the U-shaped slide groove I (1-3-6) and the U-shaped slide groove II (8-1-2), and are limited by the double gear II shaft shoulders (8-6-2); The double gear III (8-7) is composed of a double gear III central axis, a double gear III pinion (8-7-3) fixedly mounted on the double gear III central axis, and a double gear III large gear (8-7-1); the double gear III central axis is located on both sides of the double gear III pinion (8-7-3) and the double gear III large gear (8-7-1) and is provided with double gear III shaft shoulders (8-7-2); the pinion end and the large gear end of the double gear III central axis are respectively mounted on bearing V (8-3) and bearing II (1-5), and are limited by the double gear III shaft shoulders (8-7-2); The single-link gear (8-8) is composed of a single-link gear central shaft and a rotating gear (8-8-1) fixedly mounted on the single-link gear central shaft; the single-link gear central shaft is located on both sides of the single-link gear (8-8) and is provided with single-link gear shaft shoulders (8-8-2); the single-link gear central shaft is respectively mounted on bearing VI (8-4) and bearing III (1-6) at the shorter end and the longer end of the single-link gear (8-8), and is limited by the single-link gear shaft shoulders (8-8-2); The double gear I (8-5) is meshed with the double gear II pinion (8-6-1) through the double gear I large gear (8-5-1), thereby driving the double gear II (8-6) to rotate, thereby realizing a two-stage speed increase; the double gear II (8-6) is meshed with the double gear III pinion (8-7-3) through the double gear II large gear (8-6-3), thereby driving the double gear III (8-7) to rotate, thereby realizing a three-stage speed increase; the double gear III (8-7) is meshed with the rotating gear (8-8-1) of the single gear (8-8) through the double gear III large gear (8-7-1), thereby driving the single gear (8-8) to rotate, thereby realizing a four-stage speed increase.

5. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The modules of the double gear I large gear (8-5-1), the double gear I small gear (8-5-3), the double gear II large gear (8-6-3), the double gear II small gear (8-6-1), the double gear III large gear (8-7-1), the double gear III small gear (8-7-3) and the rotating gear (8-8-1) are m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6 and m7 respectively, and the number of teeth are n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6 and n7 respectively. The module relationship is m1=m2=m3=m4=m5=m6=m7, and the tooth number relationship is n1>n2, n3>n4, n5>n6, and n1+n4>n2+n3, n3+n6>n4+n5 and n5>n7.

6. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The swing rod assembly (9) comprises a moving rod (9-4), a 'T'-shaped connecting rod (9-6) and two swing rod assembly units; each swing rod assembly unit comprises a fixed rod (9-2), two swing rods (9-1), N piezoelectric unit connecting rods (9-5), N rotating hinges (9-7) and two connecting rods (9-8): The two swing rods (9-1) are arranged side by side on the left and right, and one end of the two swing rods (9-1) is provided with an incomplete gear (9-1-4), and the other ends of the two swing rods (9-1) are provided with N through holes III (9-1-3) arranged in a straight line along the length direction for installing multiple PVDF piezoelectric units (10), N≥2; the lower rod (9-6-1) of the 'T'-shaped connecting rod (9-6) is provided with a thread on the outer wall, and the 'T'-shaped connecting rod A through hole IV (9-6-2) is provided inside the crossbar (9-6) and passes through both ends; one end of the rotating hinge (9-7) is provided with a hinge mounting hole (9-7-1); two swing rods (9-1) are arranged in parallel and one end of the two swing rods (9-1) is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod (9-2); the incomplete gear (9-1-4) of the swing rod (9-1) is meshed with the pinion (8-5-3) of the double gear I, thereby driving the double gear I (8-5) to rotate, thereby achieving a first-stage speed increase; One end of the two connecting rods (9-8) is rotatably connected to the corresponding swing rods (9-1), and the other ends of the two connecting rods (9-8) are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the moving rod (9-4); the 'T'-shaped connecting rod (9-6) is sleeved in the middle position of the moving rod (9-4); the lower rod (9-6-1) of the 'T'-shaped connecting rod (9-6) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole (3-6-1) of the telescopic rod (3-6); N piezoelectric unit connecting rods (9-5) pass through the hinge mounting holes (9-7-1) of the corresponding rotating hinges (9-7), and the other ends of the two swing rods (9-1) are rotatably connected to the two ends of the N piezoelectric unit connecting rods (9-5); the swing rod assembly (9) is rotatably mounted in the through hole II (1-3-4) provided on the left and right baffles of the converter base (1) through the fixed rod (9-2).

7. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The PVDF piezoelectric unit (10) is mounted on a rotating hinge (9-7) of the rocker assembly (9).

8. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the friction power generation units (12) comprises a stator I (12-1), interdigital electrodes (12-2), a stator II (12-3), a friction material I (12-4), a rotor I (12-5), a friction material II (12-6), a rotor II (12-7) and a bearing VII (12-8); The rotor I (12-5), stator II (12-3), rotor II (12-7), and stator I (12-1) are coaxially arranged in sequence; a bearing mounting hole VII (12-1-2) is provided at the center of the stator I (12-1); the bearing VII (12-8) is mounted on the stator I (12-1) through the bearing mounting hole VII (12-1-2); the interdigital electrodes (12-2) are respectively adhered to the inner side surface of the stator I (12-1) and the inner and outer side surfaces of the stator II (12-3) by glue; the interdigital electrodes (12-2) include an electrode I (12-2-1) and an electrode II (12-2-2); the electrode I (12-2-1) and the electrode II (12-2-2) are both annular grid electrodes, and the areas of the electrode I (12-2-1) and the electrode II (12-2-2) are complementary; The stator I (12-1) is provided with an axial hole at its center. The stator I (12-1) and the stator II (12-3) are coaxial and detachably fixedly connected at their outer peripheries. The stator I (12-1) and the stator II (12-3) are mounted on a base (1-3). The friction material I (12-4) is glued to the interdigital electrode (12-2) and completely covers it. The rotor I (12-5) is fixedly connected to the central axis of the single gear through a flange coupling (6). The structure and assembly method of the rotor II (12-7) are the same as those of the embodiment of the present invention. The rotors I (12-5) are completely identical and rotate synchronously with the rotor I (12-5); the friction material II (12-6) is provided with a plurality of sector surfaces (12-6-1) and is evenly distributed on the circumference; the shape, area and number of the sector surfaces (12-6-1) are corresponding to the electrode I (12-2-1) and the electrode II (12-2-2); the friction material II (12-6) is respectively adhered to the inner side surface of the rotor I (12-5) and the inner and outer side surfaces of the rotor II (12-7) by gluing.

9. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The friction material I (12-4) is a ring-shaped electronegative material, and the friction material I (12-4) is polytetrafluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinyl chloride or polyimide.

10. The piezoelectric-triboelectric composite diaphragm type air pressure energy converter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The friction material II (12-6) is an electropositive material, and the friction material II (12-6) is aluminum, copper, gold or silver; or nylon, rabbit hair or hard rubber.

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