Colored solar module for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)
By setting high -transparent film layers and high and low refraction of transparent particles in BIPV color solar components to form multiple refractive light paths, the problem of insufficient photon crystal covering power is solved. Essence
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411474017.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
AI Technical Summary
The existing photonic crystals lack the hiding power in BIPV color solar modules, resulting in the exposure of the cell and unable to meet the architectural aesthetic needs.
By setting up high -tech film layers and high refraction and low -refractive high -fog transparent particles coating on both sides of its sides to form multiple refractive light paths, gradually transition from high refractive index to low refractive index to achieve forward light translucent reverse scattering scattering , Enhance the cover effect.
Under the premise of maintaining the power of the BIPV component, the battery sheet is effectively hidden, solving the problem of insufficient photon crystal covering power, and providing solutions for the actual application of BIPV color solar components.
Smart Images
Figure CN119364868A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic adhesive films, and in particular to a colored solar energy component for BIPV. Background Art
[0002] Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is a technology that integrates solar photovoltaic modules into buildings, thereby making full use of the building area to provide renewable energy electricity, such as photovoltaic curtain walls, photovoltaic roofs, etc. In order to meet the aesthetic needs of the building's appearance, photovoltaic modules used for building-integrated photovoltaic modules need to improve the single appearance of ordinary photovoltaic modules and make them have a rich color appearance to meet the requirements of architectural aesthetics.
[0003] Shanghai Jiao Tong University has recently proposed the idea of using photonic glass as the color-generating layer in colored photovoltaics, using the imaging structural color of photonic crystals to provide color. However, the structural color formed by reflection has insufficient covering power, and when it is applied to the curtain wall of BIPV, the cells will be exposed.
[0004] Therefore, how to cover the cells in the BIPV colored solar modules with photonic crystals is a technical problem that needs to be overcome urgently in this field.
[0005] It should be noted that the above information disclosed in this background technology section is only used to understand the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute information of the prior art. Summary of the invention
[0006] The present invention provides a colored solar energy component for BIPV to solve the problem that the photonic crystal has insufficient covering power and thus exposes the solar cell.
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a color solar energy module for BIPV, comprising: a high-transmittance adhesive film layer, a high-transmittance thin film layer, and an adhesive film layer with photonic crystals stacked in sequence; wherein the high-transmittance thin film layer is provided with an upper high-refractive transparent particle coating on one side close to the high-transmittance adhesive film layer, and a lower low-refractive high-haze transparent particle coating on the other side; the photonic crystals are oriented and arranged on the surface of the adhesive film layer to present reflected light in a small band, and light interference or diffraction produces different colors.
[0008] In an optional embodiment, the high-transmittance adhesive film layer includes any one of PVB, POE and EVA; and the light transmittance of the high-transmittance adhesive film layer is greater than 90%, the refractive index is greater than or equal to 1.47, and the haze is less than or equal to 1%.
[0009] In an optional embodiment, the high-transmittance film layer has a haze of <5%, a refractive index of 1.50-1.59, a transmittance of ≥85%, and a thickness of 30-100 μm.
[0010] In an optional embodiment, the high-transmittance film layer includes any one of a PP film, a PE film and a PET film.
[0011] In an optional embodiment, the refractive index of the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating is 1.7-1.9; the particle size of the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particles is 20-60 nm.
[0012] In an optional embodiment, the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particles includes any one or more combinations of zirconium oxide and titanium oxide.
[0013] In an optional embodiment, the refractive index of the lower layer of low-refractive and high-haze transparent particle coating is 1.4-1.5, and the haze is ≥85%; the particle size of the lower layer of low-refractive and high-haze transparent particles is 20-60nm.
[0014] In an optional embodiment, the lower layer of low-refractive and high-haze transparent particles includes any one or more combinations of organic silicon and hollow silica.
[0015] In an optional embodiment, the photonic crystal has a diameter of 100-1000 nm and a monodispersity index of <0.08.
[0016] In an optional implementation, the adhesive film layer with photonic crystals includes any one of PEMA, POE and EVA; the light transmittance of the adhesive film layer is greater than 80%, and the refractive index is 1.41-1.47.
[0017] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the colored solar energy module for BIPV of the present invention and the preparation method thereof refract the light passing through multiple times by setting a high-transmittance thin film layer in cooperation with the high-refractive and low-refractive high-fog transparent particle coatings set on both sides thereof, and gradually transition from a high refractive index to a low refractive index to form a forward light transmitting and reverse scattering light path, thereby overcoming the inherent defect of insufficient covering power formed by photonic crystals in the reflection process, and effectively hiding the battery cells while maintaining the power of the BIPV module intact, thereby providing a solution for the practical application of photonic crystals in BIPV colored solar energy modules.
[0018] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.
[0019] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a colored solar module for BIPV according to some embodiments is shown;
[0022] Figure 2 A pictorial diagram of a colored solar module for BIPV according to some embodiments is shown.
[0023] In the figure:
[0024] 1. High-transmittance adhesive film layer; 2. High-transmittance thin film layer; 3. Adhesive film layer with photonic crystals; 4. Upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating; 5. Lower layer of low-refractive and high-fog transparent particle coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] As used herein, the phrases "in one embodiment," "according to one embodiment," "in some embodiments," and the like generally refer to the fact that the particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase may be included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in more than one embodiment of the present disclosure, so that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms "example," "exemplary," and the like are used to "serve as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as "example" or "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. On the contrary, the use of the terms "example," "exemplary," and the like is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.
[0027] Herein, example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, expressions such as "at least one of..." modify the entire list of elements when following a list of elements, rather than modifying individual elements in the list. For example, the expression "at least one of a, b, and c" should be understood to include only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, or all of a, b, and c.
[0028] The terms used herein are only used to describe specific exemplary configurations and are not intended to be limited. As used herein, the singular articles "one", "an" and "the" may also be intended to include plural forms, unless it is clearly indicated above that this is not the case. The terms "comprise", "include" and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes and operations described herein should not be interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as an execution order. Additional or alternative steps may be adopted.
[0029] See also Figure 1 ,like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a color solar energy module for BIPV, comprising: a high-transmittance adhesive film layer, a high-transmittance thin film layer, and an adhesive film layer with photonic crystals which are stacked in sequence; wherein the high-transmittance thin film layer is provided with an upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating on one side close to the high-transmittance adhesive film layer, and a lower layer of low-refractive high-haze transparent particle coating on the other side; the photonic crystals are directional arranged on the surface of the adhesive film layer to present reflected light in a small band, and light interference or diffraction produces different colors.
[0030] In some embodiments, specifically, the photonic crystal forms a periodic arrangement through different refractive indices, including a two-dimensional plane layer-by-layer arrangement, or microspheres arranged in a dot array, or a three-dimensional structure of small squares or small microspheres with a core-shell structure; the role of the photonic crystal is to be able to regulate different bands of light based on the refractive index.
[0031] In some embodiments, specifically, the high-transmittance adhesive film layer includes any one of PVB (refractive index 1.49-1.54) and POE (refractive index 1.484-1.487); and the transmittance of the high-transmittance adhesive film layer is greater than 90%, the refractive index is greater than or equal to 1.48, and the haze is less than or equal to 1%.
[0032] In some embodiments, specifically, the high-transmittance film layer has a haze of <5%, a refractive index of 1.50-1.59, a transmittance of ≥85%, and a thickness of 10-50 μm.
[0033] In some embodiments, specifically, the high-transmittance film layer includes any one of a PP film, a PE film and a PET film.
[0034] In some embodiments, specifically, the refractive index of the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating is 1.7-1.9; and the particle size of the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particles is 20-60 nm.
[0035] In some embodiments, specifically, the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particles includes any one or more combinations of zirconium oxide (refractive index 1.7) and titanium oxide (refractive index 1.8-1.9).
[0036] In some embodiments, specifically, the refractive index of the lower layer of low-refractive and high-haze transparent particle coating is 1.4-1.5, and the haze is ≥85%; the particle size of the lower layer of low-refractive and high-haze transparent particles is 20-60nm.
[0037] In some embodiments, specifically, the lower layer of low-refractive and high-haze transparent particles includes any one or more combinations of organic silicon (refractive index 1.41-1.44) and hollow silicon oxide (refractive index 1.31-1.35).
[0038] In some embodiments, specifically, the photonic crystal has a diameter of 100-1000 nm and a monodispersity index of <0.08.
[0039] In some embodiments, specifically, the adhesive film layer with photonic crystals includes any one of PEMA (refractive index 1.41), POE (refractive index 1.47) and EVA (refractive index 1.47); the transmittance of the adhesive film layer is greater than 80%, the refractive index is 1.41-1.48, and the thickness is 350-440 μm.
[0040] In some embodiments, specifically, light is irradiated from glass with a refractive index of 1.5, and passes through glass with a refractive index of 1.5, a high-transmittance adhesive film layer with a refractive index of 1.48-1.5 (although this layer has a low refractive index, it is thin), and then passes through the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating to the lower layer of low-refractive high-fog transparent particle coating, gradually transitioning from a high refractive index to a low refractive index, and the light is more diffusely transmitted to the adhesive film layer with photonic crystals. After hitting the battery, the light is reflected back from the low-refractive, lower layer of low-refractive high-fog transparent particle coating to the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating, and the light is more likely to be reflected at a large angle, thereby reducing the luminous flux or intensity of the reflected light to the human eye, thereby achieving the effect of one-way light transmission and reverse reflection.
[0041] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0042] Example 1
[0043] A high-transmittance adhesive film layer, a high-transmittance thin film layer, and an adhesive film layer with photonic crystals are stacked in sequence; wherein an upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating is arranged on one side of the high-transmittance thin film layer close to the high-transmittance adhesive film layer, and a lower layer of low-refractive transparent particle coating is arranged on the other side; the photonic crystal is formed by two-dimensional photonic crystals being deposited on the surface of the adhesive film layer in a three-dimensional periodic and directional manner.
[0044] The high-transmittance adhesive film layer is a PEMA film with a thickness of 10 μm, a haze of 2%, and a light transmittance of 90%.
[0045] Among them, the high-transmittance film layer uses a PET film with a thickness of 50μm, a haze of 1%, and a transmittance of 89%, and a ZrO2 coating with an average particle size of 30nm is coated on the side of the PET film close to the PEMA film. The coating thickness of the ZrO2 coating is 2μm, the haze is 1.5%, and the transmittance is 90%; the other side of the PET film is coated with a silicone coating with an average particle size of 30nm, the coating thickness of the silicone coating is 2μm, the haze is 88%, and the transmittance is 88%.
[0046] The adhesive film layer with photonic crystals uses photonic crystals with an average particle size of 190nm and a monodispersity PDI of 0.015, and an EVA adhesive film with a haze of 1.5%, a transmittance of 90%, and a thickness of 350μm as its adhesive film layer.
[0047] For example, the Figure 2 The colored solar module shown was performance tested with a transmittance of 85%, a haze of 89%, a diffusion rate of 85%, a reflectivity of 15%, and a covering effect of +.
[0048] In some embodiments, specifically, the covering effect is divided into “-” for clearly visible battery cells, “+” for blurry battery cells, and “++” for invisible battery cells according to the visual effect of the battery cells.
[0049] In some embodiments, specifically, based on Example 1, some parameters of the high-transmittance adhesive film layer are adjusted, as shown in Table 1.
[0050] Optical performance test: The optical performance of the film is tested by UV-2600I ultraviolet spectrophotometer according to the national standard GB / T29848-2018.
[0051] Hue test: The hue (L, a, b) of the film / film is tested by HunterLab ColorQuestXE spectrophotometer according to the national standard GB / T29848-2018.
[0052] Table 1 High-transmittance adhesive film layer parameters
[0053] Material thickness Haze Light transmittance Example 1 PEMA 30μm 2％ 90％ Example 2 PVB 30μm 0.6％ 92％ Example 3 EVA 30μm 1％ 91％ Example 4 POE 30μm 1.5％ 91％ Example 5 EVA 30μm 2.7％ 90％
[0054] In some embodiments, specifically, some parameters of the high-transmittance film layer are adjusted based on Example 1, as shown in Table 2.
[0055] Table 2 High-transmittance film layer parameters
[0056]
[0057] In some embodiments, specifically, based on Example 1, some parameters of the adhesive film layer with photonic crystals are adjusted, as shown in Table 3.
[0058] Table 3 Parameters of the adhesive layer with photonic crystals
[0059]
[0060] In some embodiments, specifically, the test performance of Examples 1-5 is shown in Table 4 below.
[0061] Table 4 Performance data
[0062]
[0063]
[0064] Specifically, in Table 4, * represents the optical performance from the high-transmittance adhesive film layer side; ** represents the optical performance from the photonic crystal adhesive film layer side.
[0065] Specifically, in Comparative Example 1, photonic crystals are added to EVA film to prepare a film with a thickness of 500 microns, and then corresponding comparative tests are performed, which shows that the covering effect of the photovoltaic module with photonic crystals is extremely poor without setting a high-transmittance film layer.
[0066] Specifically, as shown in Table 5, the masking effect is divided into “-” where the grid lines can be seen clearly, “+” where the grid lines can be seen blurred, and “++” where the grid lines cannot be seen according to the visual grid line effect.
[0067] L* value: Indicates the brightness of the color, ranging from 0 to 100. 0 represents black and 100 represents white. The larger the L value, the brighter the color; the smaller the L value, the darker the color.
[0068] a* value: Indicates the position of the color on the red-green axis. Positive values tend to be red, and negative values tend to be green.
[0069] b* value: Indicates the position of the color on the yellow-blue axis. Positive values tend toward yellow, and negative values tend toward blue.
[0070] Table 5 Performance of encapsulation film in components
[0071]
[0072] Specifically, from further comparison of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1 in Table 5, it can be seen that the aging power attenuation rate of the photovoltaic module with photonic crystals when a high-transmittance thin film layer is set is lower than that of Comparative Example 1 and the color cast of the high-transmittance thin film layer is not significant.
[0073] In summary, the colored solar panels for BIPV of the present invention and the preparation method thereof refract the light passing through multiple times by setting a high-transmittance thin film layer in cooperation with the high-refractive and low-refractive high-fog transparent particle coatings set on both sides thereof, and gradually transition from a high refractive index to a low refractive index to form a forward light transmitting and backscattering light path, thereby overcoming the inherent defect of insufficient covering power formed by photonic crystals during the reflection process, and effectively hiding the solar cells while maintaining the power of the BIPV panel intact, thereby providing a solution for the practical application of photonic crystals in BIPV colored solar panels.
[0074] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A colored solar panel for BIPV, characterized in that: include: A high-transmittance adhesive film layer, a high-transmittance thin film layer, and an adhesive film layer with photonic crystals are stacked in sequence; wherein an upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating is disposed on one side of the high-transmittance thin film layer close to the high-transmittance adhesive film layer, and a lower layer of low-refractive high-fog transparent particle coating is disposed on the other side; The photonic crystals are arranged in a directional manner on the surface of the adhesive film layer to present reflected light of a small waveband, and light interference or diffraction produces different colors.
2. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-transmittance adhesive film layer includes any one of PVB, POE and EVA; and The light transmittance of the high-transmittance adhesive film layer is greater than 90%, the refractive index is greater than or equal to 1.47, and the haze is less than or equal to 1%.
3. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The haze of the high-transmittance film layer is less than 5%, the refractive index is 1.50-1.59, the transmittance is ≥85%, and the thickness is 30-100 μm.
4. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-transmittance film layer includes any one of a PP film, a PE film and a PET film.
5. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractive index of the upper layer of high-refractive transparent particle coating is 1.7-1.9; The particle size of the upper layer of highly refractive transparent particles is 20-60 nm.
6. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper layer of highly refractive transparent particles comprises any one or more combinations of zirconium oxide and titanium oxide.
7. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower layer of low-refractive and high-haze transparent particle coating has a refractive index of 1.4-1.5 and a haze of ≥85%; The particle size of the lower layer low-refractive and high-fog transparent particles is 20-60nm.
8. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower layer of low-refractive and high-haze transparent particles comprises any one or more combinations of organic silicon and hollow silicon oxide.
9. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photonic crystal has a diameter of 100-1000 nm and a monodispersity index of less than 0.
08.
10. The colored solar module for BIPV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive film layer with the photonic crystal includes any one of PEMA, POE and EVA; The light transmittance of the adhesive film layer is greater than 80%, and the refractive index is 1.41-1.47.