Vibration measurement system

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring system comprising a measuring transducer having at least one measuring tube (10) for guiding a fluid material to be measured flowing at least intermittently, an exciter device (41), and a sensor device (51, 52); and an electronic transformer circuit (US) electrically coupled to both the exciter device and the sensor device and having measurement and control electronics (DSV) and drive electronics (Exc) connected to and / or controlled by the measurement and control electronics. The exciter device is electrically connected to the drive electronics (Exc) and is further configured to convert the fed electrical power into mechanical power which causes a forced mechanical vibration of the at least one measuring tube, and the sensor device is designed to detect a mechanical vibration of the at least one measuring tube and to provide a corresponding vibration measurement signal (s1, s2), the vibration measurement signal follows a change in the mass flow rate of the measured material guided in the measuring tube with a change in the (phase) difference between the phase angle of the measurement signal (s1) and the phase angle of the measurement signal (s2). The drive electronics are in turn designed to be controlled by the measurement and control electronics to generate an electric drive signal (e1) having a first signal amplitude and a first signal frequency in an operating mode (I) and to generate an electric drive signal (e2) having a second signal amplitude and a second signal frequency, which are different from the first signal amplitude, in an operating mode (II), electrical power is fed into the exciter device in each case such that the at least one measuring tube carries out a forced mechanical oscillation with a useful amplitude and frequency predefined by the drive signal (e1) at least during a first measurement interval, or a forced mechanical vibration with a useful amplitude and frequency predetermined by the drive signal (e2) is performed at least during the second measurement interval. In the measurement system according to the invention, the measurement and control electronics (DSV) is also designed to determine a phase error value (# imgabs0 #) representing a deviation of the phase angle or phase difference on the basis of the measurement signals (s1, s2) provided during the first measurement interval and the second measurement interval.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a vibration measuring system having a vibration-type measuring transducer and an electronic transformer circuit connected thereto. Background Art

[0002] In industrial measurement technology, in particular also in connection with the regulation and monitoring of automated process engineering processes, vibration measuring systems formed with the aid of a transformer circuit, which is primarily formed with the aid of at least one microprocessor, and vibration-type measuring transducers, through which the medium to be measured flows during operation, are often used for determining the mass flow rate (mass flow) of a medium, such as a liquid, gas or dispersion, flowing in a process line, such as a pipeline, with high precision. Examples of such vibration measuring systems are configured, for example, as Coriolis mass flow rate measuring devices and / or density and / or viscosity measuring devices, which are described, inter alia, in the following patents: EP-A 816 807, US-A 2002 / 0033043, US-A 2006 / 0096390, US-A 2007 / 0062309, US-A 2007 / 0119264, US-A 2008 / 0011101, US-A 2008 / 0047362, US-A 2008 / 0190195, US-A 2008 / 0250871, US-A 2010 / 0005887, US-A 2010 / 0011882, US-A 2010 / 0257943, US-A 2011 / 0161017, US-A 2011 / 0178738, US-A 2011 / 0219872, US-A 2011 / 0265580, US-A 2011 / 0271756, US-A 2012 / 0123705, US-A 2013 / 0042700, US-A 2016 / 0313162, US-A 2017 / 0261474, US-A 2020 / 0408581, US-A 44 91 009, US-A 47 56 198, US-A 47 77 833, US-A 48 01 897、US-A 48 76 898、US-A 49 96 871, US-A 50 09 109, US-A 52 87 754, US-A 52 91 792, US-A 53 49 872, US-A 57 05 754, US-A 57 96 010, US-A 57 96 011, US-A 58 04 742, US-A 58 31 178, US-A 59 45 609, US-A 59 65 824, US-A 60 06 609, US-A 60 92 429, US-B 62 23 605, US-B 63 11 136, US-B 64 77 901、US-B 65 05 518、US-B 65 13393, US-B 66 51 513, US-B 66 66 098, US-B 67 11 958, US-B 68 40 109, US-B 69 20 798, US-B 70 17 424, US-B 70 40 181, US-B 70 77 014, US-B 72 00 503, US-B 72 16 549, US-B 72 96 484, US-B 73 25 462, US-B 73 60 451, US-B 77 92 646, US-B 79 54 388, US-B 83 33 120, US-B 86 95 436, WO-A 00 / 19175, WO-A 00 / 34748, WO-A 01 / 02816, WO-A 01 / 71291, WO-A 02 / 060805, WO-A2005 / 093381, WO-A 2007 / 043996, WO-A 2008 / 013545, WO-A 2008 / 059262, WO-A 2010 / 099276, WO-A 2013 / 092104, WO-A 2014 / 151829, WO-A 2016 / 058745, WO-A 2017 / 069749, WO-A 2017 / 123214, WO-A 2017 / 143579, WO-A 85 / 05677, WO-A 88 / 02853, WO-A 89 / 00679, WO-A 94 / 21999, WO-A 95 / 03528, WO-A 95 / 16897, WO-A 95 / 29385, WO-A 98 / 02725, WO-A99 / 40 394 or International Patent Application PCT / EP2021 / 083169.

[0003] The measuring transducer of each of the measuring systems shown therein comprises at least one at least partially straight and / or at least partially curved measuring tube, for example, U-shaped, V-shaped, S-shaped, Z-shaped, or Ω-shaped, having a lumen surrounded by a tube wall for guiding the medium. The at least one measuring tube of such a measuring transducer is configured to conduct the medium in the lumen and simultaneously vibrate, in particular in such a way that it performs useful vibrations, i.e., mechanical vibrations about a stationary position, at a useful frequency that is also determined by the density of the medium and can therefore serve as a measure of the density. In measuring systems of the type considered, which also include conventional Coriolis mass flow rate measuring devices, bending vibrations at a natural resonant frequency are typically used as useful vibrations, for example, corresponding to a fundamental mode of a natural bending vibration inherent to the measuring transducer, and the vibrations of the measuring tube are resonant vibrations having precisely one vibration loop. Furthermore, for measuring tubes that are curved at least in some sections, the useful vibrations are typically designed such that the measuring tube vibrates in the manner of a cantilever clamped at one end about an imaginary vibration axis connecting the inlet-side and outlet-side ends of the measuring tube, whereas in the case of measuring transducers with straight measuring tubes, the useful vibrations are primarily bending vibrations in a single imaginary vibration plane. It is also known to occasionally excite at least one measuring tube into forced, permanent, non-resonant vibrations, for example, for the purpose of performing a recursive check of the measuring transducer during operation of the measuring system, or to allow for a freely damped vibration of the at least one measuring tube and to evaluate this freely damped vibration, as described, in particular, in the aforementioned documents EP-A 816 807, US-A 2011 / 0178738, or US-A 2012 / 0123705, in order to detect any damage to the at least one measuring tube as early as possible, which could lead to an undesirable reduction in the measurement accuracy and / or operational reliability of the measuring system in question.

[0004] In the case of measuring transducers with two measuring tubes, these are typically integrated into the corresponding process line via an inlet-side distributor extending between the measuring tube and the inlet-side connecting flange, and via an outlet-side distributor extending between the measuring tube and the outlet-side connecting flange. In the case of measuring transducers with a single measuring tube, this measuring tube is typically connected to the process line via a connecting tube opening on the inlet side and a connecting tube opening on the outlet side. Furthermore, such transducers with a single measuring tube each include at least one single- or multi-component anti-oscillator, such as a tubular, box-shaped, or plate-shaped anti-oscillator, which is coupled to the measuring tube on the inlet side to form a first coupling zone and to the outlet side to form a second coupling zone, and which essentially rests or oscillates relative to the tube during operation. The internal components of the measuring transducer, formed by the measuring tube and the anti-oscillator, are typically held in a protective measuring transducer housing solely by means of the two connecting tubes, particularly in a manner that allows the internal components to vibrate relative to the measuring transducer housing. During operation, the measuring tube is connected to the process line via these two connecting tubes. In measuring transducers with a single, substantially straight measuring tube, such as those shown in US Pat. Nos. 5,291,792, 5,796,010, 5,945,609, 70,770,14, 2007 / 0119264, WO-A 01 / 02 816, or even WO-A 99 / 40 394, the single, substantially straight measuring tube and the counter-oscillator are aligned substantially coaxially with one another, as is common in conventional measuring transducers. The counter-oscillator is designed as a substantially straight hollow cylinder and is arranged in the measuring transducer such that the measuring tube is at least partially surrounded by it. Relatively cost-effective steel grades, such as construction steel or processing steel, are often used as the material for such counter-oscillators, particularly when titanium, tantalum, or zirconium is used for the measuring tube.

[0005] To actively excite or maintain vibrations in the at least one measuring tube, particularly the aforementioned useful vibrations, the vibration-type measuring transducer further comprises an electromechanical vibration exciter, which, during operation, acts differently on the at least one measuring tube and any counter-oscillator or other measuring tubes. The vibration exciter is electrically connected to the aforementioned transformer circuit via a pair of electrical connecting lines, for example, in the form of connecting cables and / or printed conductors on a flexible printed circuit board. It is used, in particular, when activated by an electrical drive signal generated by drive electronics disposed in the transformer circuit and is accordingly adjusted, specifically adapted to modify the vibration properties of the at least one measuring tube, thereby converting the electrical excitation power supplied by the drive signal into a driving force acting on the at least one measuring tube at the operating point formed by the vibration exciter. The drive electronics are further configured to adjust the drive signal via an internal control system so that it has a signal frequency that corresponds to the useful frequency to be sensed and that occasionally varies over time. The drive signal can also be switched off occasionally, for example during operation of a specific measuring system, for example for the purpose of achieving the aforementioned free damped oscillations of at least one measuring tube, or, for example as proposed in the aforementioned document WO-A 2017 / 143579, in order to protect the drive electronics from overload.

[0006] The vibration exciter of commercially available vibration-type measuring transducers or vibration measuring systems of the type in question is typically constructed as an oscillating coil operating according to the electrodynamic principle. This means that the coil—in the case of a measuring transducer, this has a measuring tube coupled to it and a counter-oscillator, to which the coil is typically attached—and a permanent magnet that interacts with at least one coil and acts as an armature, which is in turn attached to the measuring tube to be moved. The permanent magnet and coil are typically aligned so that they extend substantially coaxially with one another. Furthermore, in conventional measuring transducers, the vibration exciter is typically designed and positioned so that it acts essentially centrally on the at least one measuring tube. As an alternative to a vibration exciter acting in the center of the measuring tube and directly on the measuring tube, two vibration exciters fixed on the inlet side or outlet side of at least one vibration element instead of in the center of the at least one vibration element can, for example, also be used for active excitation of the mechanical vibrations of at least one measuring tube, in particular as described in the aforementioned document US-A 60 92 429, or as proposed in particular in US-B 62 23 605 or US-A 55 31 126, it is also possible, for example, to use an exciter assembly formed by means of a vibration exciter acting between a possibly present anti-oscillator and the transducer housing.

[0007] Due to the useful vibration of the at least one measuring tube—particularly when the useful vibration of the at least one measuring tube is a bending vibration—Coriolis forces are induced in the flowing medium, which are known to also depend on the instantaneous mass flow rate. These forces can, in turn, induce Coriolis vibrations having a useful frequency that depends on the mass flow rate and are superimposed on the useful vibrations. This allows a propagation time difference or phase difference, also dependent on the mass flow rate, between the vibrating motions on the inlet and outlet sides of the at least one measuring tube that is performing the useful vibrations and through which fluid is simultaneously flowing to be detected, i.e., can also be used as a measure for the mass flow rate measurement. With a measuring tube that is curved in at least some sections, where a vibration shape is selected for the useful vibrations that allows the measuring tube to oscillate like a cantilever clamped at one end, the generated Coriolis vibrations correspond, for example, to a bending vibration mode, sometimes also referred to as a torsional mode, in which the measuring tube performs rotational vibrations about an imaginary rotational vibration axis oriented perpendicular to the aforementioned imaginary vibration axis. With a straight measuring tube, where the useful vibrations are designed as bending vibrations in a single imaginary vibration plane, the Coriolis vibrations are, for example, bending vibrations that are substantially coplanar with the useful vibrations.

[0008] In order to detect both inlet-side and outlet-side vibrational motions of at least one measuring tube, in particular also those corresponding to useful vibrations, and to generate at least two electrical vibration measurement signals influenced by the mass flow rate to be measured, a measuring transducer of the type in question further comprises two or more vibration sensors spaced apart from one another along the measuring tube and electrically connected to the aforementioned transformer circuit, for example, by means of a separate pair of electrical connecting lines. Each vibration sensor is configured to convert the aforementioned vibrational motions into a vibration measurement signal representative of these vibrational motions, which contains a useful signal component, i.e., a (spectral) signal component having a signal frequency corresponding to the useful frequency, and to make the vibration measurement signal available to the transformer circuit, for example, to the measuring and control electronics of the transformer circuit formed by at least one microprocessor, for further processing, which may also be digital. Furthermore, the at least two vibration sensors are configured and arranged such that the vibration measurement signals generated thereby not only each have a useful signal component, as already mentioned, but also such that a propagation time or (measurement) phase difference, which depends on the mass flow rate, can be measured between the useful signal components of the two vibration measurement signals. Based on this phase difference, the transformer circuit or its measurement and control electronics recursively determines a mass flow rate measurement value representing the mass flow rate. In addition to measuring the mass flow rate, the density and / or viscosity of the medium can also be measured, for example, based on the useful frequency and / or based on the electrical excitation power required to excite or maintain useful vibrations or based on the damping of the useful vibrations determined therefrom, and output by the transformer circuit together with the measured mass flow rate in the form of a qualified measurement value.

[0009] Studies of conventional vibration measuring systems configured as Coriolis mass flowmeters have shown that, despite a constant mass flow rate, significant phase errors can occasionally be observed between the above-mentioned useful signal components of the two vibration measurement signals, for example in such a way that a time variation in the phase difference that is no longer negligible can be observed, or that the phase difference established between the useful signal components occasionally exhibits a variability interference component that does not depend on the mass flow rate but is still not negligible; this is the case, for example, in applications with media that change rapidly over time with respect to density and / or viscosity, in applications with inhomogeneous media, i.e. media with two or more different phases, in applications with media that are caused to flow temporally or cyclically, or in applications with occasional medium changes during the measurement, such as in filling systems or in refueling equipment.

[0010] As also discussed in the aforementioned US-A 2020 / 0408581, WO-A 2017 / 069749, or US-B 79 54 388, the aforementioned phase errors can be caused, for example, by electromagnetic coupling of the vibration signal and the drive signal (crosstalk)—for example, within the transformer circuit and / or within the measuring transducer. Furthermore, however, such phase errors can also be attributed to the fact that the useful vibrations actively excited by means of the vibration exciter are excited or damped asymmetrically with respect to the imaginary line of action of the driving force driving the useful vibrations, so that the excited useful vibrations—particularly in the case of a measuring transducer with a single vibration exciter acting on the center of at least one measuring tube—have interference components comparable to Coriolis vibrations.

[0011] To reduce or eliminate phase errors caused by electromagnetic coupling, the drive electronics of the measuring system shown in US-A 2020 / 0408581 are further configured to be operated and controlled, in particular by the measuring and control electronics, optionally in a first operating mode, wherein the first operating mode causes the aforementioned active excitation of the useful vibrations by means of an electrical drive signal, and subsequently temporarily in a second operating mode in which the electrical drive signal is not supplied, such that the at least one measuring tube (where the drive electronics are operated in the first operating mode) performs forced vibrations during at least a first measurement interval, and (where the drive electronics are operated in the second operating mode) performs freely damped vibrations during at least a second measurement interval. Furthermore, the measuring and control electronics of the measuring system shown in US-A 2020 / 0408581 are configured to determine a mass flow rate measurement value based on the first and second vibration measurement signals, received at least during the second measurement interval and free of (or no longer containing) the aforementioned interference component, or their respective phase differences, free of (or no longer containing) phase errors.

[0012] One disadvantage of such a mass flow rate measurement is, inter alia, that the required phase angle or phase difference must be determined based on the vibration signal of the damped free vibration, which is in fact not very suitable in terms of its signal-to-noise ratio (SN). Summary of the Invention

[0013] Based on the aforementioned prior art, it is an object of the present invention to improve a vibration measuring system of the aforementioned type such that time-varying phase errors during operation can be at least approximately, in particular quantitatively and / or correspondingly taken into account when determining mass flow rate measurement values.

[0014] To achieve this object, the present invention includes a vibration measurement system, such as a Coriolis mass flowmeter, comprising:

[0015] a measuring transducer having at least one measuring tube, having an exciter device and having a sensor device;

[0016] and an electronic transformer circuit electrically coupled to both the actuator device and the sensor device, the electronic transformer circuit being formed and / or programmable by means of at least one microprocessor, having measuring and control electronics and having drive electronics connected to the measuring and control electronics, e.g. electrically connected and / or controlled by the measuring and control electronics;

[0017] wherein the measuring tube is configured to conduct a fluid measured material, such as a gas, liquid or dispersion, which flows at least intermittently and during which it is to be vibrated;

[0018] wherein the exciter device is configured to convert the electrical power fed to the exciter device into mechanical power that causes forced mechanical vibrations of the at least one measuring tube;

[0019] wherein the sensor device is configured to detect mechanical vibrations of the at least one measuring tube and is configured to provide a first vibration measurement signal at least partially representative of the vibration movement of the at least one measuring tube and at least one second vibration measurement signal at least partially representative of the vibration movement of the at least one measuring tube, for example such that the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal follow variations in the mass flow rate of the measured material guided in the measuring tube with a variation in their phase difference, i.e. a variation in the difference between the phase angle of the first vibration measurement signal and the phase angle of the second vibration measurement signal;

[0020] wherein the drive electronics are arranged to generate a first electrical drive signal in a first operating mode (I), the first electrical drive signal having a first signal frequency and a first signal amplitude, the first signal frequency being in particular a constant and / or instantaneous resonant frequency corresponding to a natural vibration mode inherent to the transducer, the first signal amplitude being in particular constant, in particular a first (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a first (signal) current amplitude, and thereby feed electrical power into the exciter arrangement such that the at least one measuring tube executes a first useful vibration, i.e. a forced mechanical vibration, having a first useful frequency and a first useful amplitude, the first useful frequency being a vibration frequency corresponding to the first signal frequency (of the first electrical drive signal), the first useful amplitude being a vibration amplitude corresponding to the first signal amplitude (of the first electrical drive signal), and the first vibration measurement signal having a first phase angle and the second vibration measurement signal having a second phase angle;

[0021] and wherein the drive electronics are configured to generate, in a second operating mode, a second electrical drive signal having a second signal frequency, in particular a constant and / or instantaneous resonant frequency, corresponding to a natural vibration mode inherent to the measuring transducer and / or to the first signal frequency, and a second signal amplitude, in particular a constant second signal amplitude, deviating from the first signal amplitude by in particular not less than 10% of the first signal amplitude, in particular a second (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a second (signal) current amplitude, and thereby feed electrical power to the exciter device such that the at least one measuring tube executes a second useful vibration, i.e. a forced mechanical vibration, having a second useful frequency, i.e. a vibration frequency corresponding to the second signal frequency (of the second electrical drive signal), and having a second useful amplitude, i.e. a vibration amplitude corresponding to the second signal amplitude (of the second electrical drive signal), and the first vibration measurement signal has a third phase angle and the second vibration measurement signal has a fourth phase angle;

[0022] wherein the measuring and control electronics are configured to control the drive electronics such that the drive electronics are operated at least intermittently in a first operating mode, in particular temporarily and / or to a value longer than the inverse of the first useful frequency and / or in each case for a duration longer than 10 ms, and the at least one measuring tube (when the drive electronics are operated in the first operating mode) performs a first (useful) oscillation at least during a first measuring interval, the first measuring interval in particular corresponding to a value longer than the inverse of the first useful frequency and / or for a duration longer than 10 ms, and the drive electronics are operated at least intermittently in a second operating mode, in particular temporarily and / or to a value longer than the inverse of the second useful frequency and / or in each case for a duration longer than 10 ms, and the at least one measuring tube (when the drive electronics are operated in the second operating mode) performs a first (useful) oscillation at least during a second measuring interval, the second measuring interval in particular corresponding to a value longer than the inverse of the second useful frequency and / or for a duration longer than 10 ms;

[0023] and wherein the measuring and control electronics is configured to receive and evaluate the first and second vibration measurement signals, i.e., is configured to determine one or more, e.g., digital, mass flow rate measurement values, i.e., the mass flow rate (of the medium conducted in the at least one measuring tube), based on at least the first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more first measurement intervals, and further to determine one or more, e.g., digital, phase error measurement values, e.g., one or more first phase angles (of the first vibration measurement signals received during one or more first measurement intervals) relative to one or more second measurement intervals, based on the first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more first measurement intervals and respectively. The invention also relates to a method for detecting a first vibration measurement signal received during the first measurement interval and a second vibration measurement signal received during the first measurement interval. The method further comprises the step of detecting a first vibration measurement signal received during the first measurement interval and a second vibration measurement signal received during the second measurement interval. The method further comprises the step of detecting a first vibration measurement signal received during the first measurement interval and a second vibration measurement signal received during the second measurement interval.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention also encompasses the use of such a measuring system for measuring and / or monitoring a fluid measured material, such as a gas, a liquid or a dispersion, which flows at least intermittently in a pipeline and, for example, flows at least intermittently inhomogeneously and / or at least intermittently in two or more phases in the pipeline.

[0025] According to a first embodiment of the measurement system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided, which are configured to determine one or more mass flow rate measurement values ​​using one or more phase error measurement values, for example, such that the measurement and control electronics are configured to determine at least one correction value using one or more phase error measurement values, the at least one correction value being operable to reduce or compensate for the phase error contained in the first phase difference (of the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals) and to take it into account when determining the mass flow rate measurement value, or to use the at least one correction value to calculate the mass flow rate measurement value.

[0026] According to a second embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided, which are configured to calculate one or more eigenvalues ​​of at least one statistical (measurement system) characteristic value, such as a position measure or a dispersion measure of a measurement value set comprising a plurality of phase error measurement values, for example such that the one or more eigenvalues ​​quantify a (central) trend of the phase error measurement values ​​and / or such that the one or more eigenvalues ​​quantify a dispersion parameter of the phase error measurement values.

[0027] According to a third embodiment of the measurement system according to the invention, one or more phase error measurement values ​​are further provided, which represent, e.g. quantify, the (central) trend of the (measured) deviations of the one or more first phase angles from the one or more third phase angles, e.g. the mode, median, (empirical) mean of the (measured) deviations.

[0028] According to a fourth embodiment of the measurement system according to the invention, one or more phase error measurement values ​​are further provided, which represent, e.g. quantify, the (central) trend of the (measured) deviations of one or more second phase angles from one or more fourth phase angles, e.g. the mode, median, (empirical) mean of the (measured) deviations.

[0029] According to a fifth embodiment of the measurement system according to the present invention, one or more phase error measurement values ​​are further provided, which represent, e.g. quantify, the (central) trend of the (measured) deviations of one or more first phase differences from one or more second phase differences, e.g. the mode, median, (empirical) mean of the (measured) deviations.

[0030] According to a sixth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, one or more phase error measurement values ​​are further provided, which represent, e.g. quantify, a dispersion parameter of the (measured) deviations of the one or more first phase angles from the one or more third phase angles, e.g. the (empirical) variance, the (empirical) standard deviation or the range of the (measured) deviations.

[0031] According to a seventh embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, one or more phase error measurement values ​​are further provided, which represent, e.g. quantify, a dispersion parameter of the (measured) deviation of the one or more second phase angles from the one or more fourth phase angles, e.g. the (empirical) variance, the (empirical) standard deviation or the range of the (measured) deviations.

[0032] According to an eighth embodiment of the measurement system according to the invention, one or more phase error measurement values ​​are further provided, which represent, e.g. quantify, a dispersion parameter of the (measured) deviation of the one or more first phase differences from the one or more second phase differences, e.g. the (empirical) variance, the (empirical) standard deviation or the range of the (measured) deviation.

[0033] According to a ninth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided which are configured to determine a deviation of one or more phase error measurement values ​​from at least one phase error reference value, which at least one phase error reference value, for example, represents a phase error measurement value determined under reference conditions and / or during a (re)calibration of the measuring system.

[0034] According to a tenth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided which are configured to compare one or more phase error measurement values ​​with at least one phase error threshold value, e.g. a phase error threshold value which is specific to the measuring system and / or represents a maximum permissible phase error measurement value or a fault in the measuring system and / or the measured material, and to output an (error) message, e.g. if one or more phase error measurement values ​​have exceeded at least one phase error threshold value.

[0035] According to an eleventh embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided which are configured to determine one or more mass flow rate measurement values ​​also based on the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during one or more second measurement intervals.

[0036] According to a twelfth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided which are configured to determine one or more, e.g. digital, (first) phase angle measurement values ​​representing a first phase angle (of the first vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals) based on the first vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals.

[0037] According to a thirteenth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided which are configured to determine one or more, e.g. digital, (second) phase angle measurement values ​​representing a second phase angle (of the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals) based on the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals.

[0038] According to a fourteenth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided which are configured to determine one or more, e.g. digital, (third) phase angle measurement values ​​representing a third phase angle (of the first vibration measurement signal received during the one or more second measurement intervals) based on the first vibration measurement signal received during the one or more second measurement intervals.

[0039] According to a fifteenth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided which are configured to determine one or more, e.g. digital, (fourth) phase angle measurement values ​​representing a fourth phase angle (of the second vibration measurement signals received during the one or more second measurement intervals) based on the second vibration measurement signals received during the one or more second measurement intervals.

[0040] According to a sixteenth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, there is further provided measurement and control electronics configured to determine one or more, in particular digital, (first) phase difference measurement values ​​based on the first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more first measurement intervals, i.e., a measurement value representing the (first) phase difference between the first and second vibration measurement signals (received during the one or more first measurement intervals). Further developing this embodiment of the invention, there is further provided measurement and control electronics configured to determine one or more mass flow rate measurement values ​​using the one or more first phase difference measurement values.

[0041] According to a seventeenth embodiment of the measuring system according to the present invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided, which are configured to determine one or more (second) phase difference measurement values, e.g., digital, based on the first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more second measurement intervals. This is a measurement value representing the (second) phase difference between the first and second vibration measurement signals (received during the one or more second measurement intervals). Further to this embodiment of the present invention, measurement and control electronics are further provided, which are configured to use the one or more second phase difference measurement values ​​to determine one or more mass flow rate measurement values.

[0042] According to an eighteenth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, it is further provided that the transformer circuit, e.g. the measuring and control electronics thereof, is configured to, e.g. when the drive electronics are operated in the first operating mode or before switching the drive electronics from the first operating mode to the second operating mode, generate a message, e.g. to output the message by means of a control signal and / or to send the message to a display element of the measuring system, which message indicates or causes the mass flow of the measured material guided in the at least one measuring tube to be set to a constant (mass flow rate) value, in particular a zero (mass flow rate) value.

[0043] According to a nineteenth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, it is further provided that the transformer circuit, e.g. its measuring and control electronics, is configured to automatically effect a change of the drive electronics from a first operating mode to a second operating mode and vice versa, e.g. a plurality of times, e.g. in a time-controlled and / or event-controlled manner and / or based on a control signal applied to the transformer circuit, which control signal is triggered, e.g. by a (start) command sent thereby and / or a message sent thereby, that the mass flow of the measured material guided in the at least one measuring tube is constant or zero.

[0044] According to a twentieth embodiment of the measuring system, a first signal frequency and a second signal frequency are further provided, each corresponding to an instantaneous resonant frequency of the same (natural) vibration mode of the measuring transducer, for example the first-order (bending) vibration mode (f1 mode), wherein the at least one measuring tube is capable of or does perform a (bending) vibration with a single vibration trough about an imaginary vibration axis connecting two vibration nodes of the same (bending) vibration.

[0045] According to a twenty-first embodiment of the measuring system according to the present invention, a drive electronic device is further provided, which is configured to set the second signal frequency equal to the first signal frequency or keep it set equal to the first signal frequency at least immediately after the drive electronic device changes from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0046] According to the twenty-second embodiment of the measurement system of the present invention, a driving electronic device is further provided, which is configured to set the second signal amplitude so that its deviation from the first signal amplitude is not less than 10% of the first signal amplitude, for example, so that the second signal amplitude is less than 80% of the first signal amplitude.

[0047] According to a twenty-third embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, drive electronics are further provided which are configured to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode, wherein the drive electronics eg abruptly switches the drive signal from the first signal amplitude to the second signal amplitude.

[0048] According to a twenty-fourth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, drive electronics are further provided which are configured to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode, wherein the drive electronics eg abruptly switches the drive signal from the second signal amplitude to the first signal amplitude.

[0049] According to a twenty-fifth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, there is further provided drive electronics which are configured to operate intermittently, for example in an alternating manner, in the first operating mode or in the second operating mode.

[0050] According to a twenty-sixth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, the drive electronics are configured to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode and back to the first operating mode in a clocked or time-controlled manner.

[0051] According to a twenty-seventh embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, the drive electronics are further configured to generate, in a third operating mode, a third electrical drive signal, which has a third signal frequency and a third signal amplitude, the third signal frequency being, for example, constant and / or corresponding to the instantaneous resonant frequency of the measuring transducer and / or to the first signal frequency and / or to the second signal frequency, the third signal amplitude being, for example, constant and deviating from the first signal amplitude by, for example, not less than 10% of the first signal amplitude and from the second signal amplitude by, for example, not less than 10% of the second signal amplitude, i.e., a third (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a third (signal) current amplitude, and thereby feed electrical power to the exciter arrangement so that the at least one measuring tube executes a third useful oscillation, i.e., having a third useful frequency and having a third useful amplitude. The first vibration measurement signal has a fifth phase angle and the second vibration measurement signal has a sixth phase angle, and the measuring and control electronics are further configured to control the drive electronics so that the drive electronics are operated in a third operating mode at least intermittently, for example temporarily and / or for a value longer than the inverse of the third useful frequency and / or for a value longer than 10 ms in each case, and the at least one measuring tube (when the drive electronics are operated in the third operating mode) performs a third (useful) vibration at least during a third measuring interval, which, for example, corresponds to a value greater than the inverse of the third useful frequency and / or lasts longer than 10 ms.

[0052] Developing this embodiment of the invention, there is further provided measurement and control electronics configured to determine one or more, e.g. digital, mass flow rate measurement values ​​based on the first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more third measurement intervals, and / or to determine one or more phase error measurement values ​​based on the first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more first measurement intervals and during the third measurement interval and / or during one or more second measurement intervals and during the third measurement interval. ). Alternatively or in addition, the third signal amplitude can deviate from the first signal amplitude by no less than 10% of the first signal amplitude, for example such that the third signal amplitude is greater than 120% of the first signal amplitude.

[0053] According to a twenty-eighth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, drive electronics are further provided, which are configured to suspend the generation of the electrical drive signal in the fourth operating mode, such that during this time, the drive electronics do not feed electrical power to the actuator device. Further developing this embodiment of the invention, measuring and control electronics are further provided, which are configured to control the drive electronics so that the drive electronics change from at least one of the first operating mode and the second operating mode to a fourth operating mode, whereby the at least one measuring tube (when the drive electronics are operating in the fourth operating mode) performs free damped vibrations at least during a fourth measuring interval, the fourth measuring interval corresponding, for example, to a value greater than the inverse of the first useful frequency and / or the second useful frequency and / or lasting longer than 10 ms and / or less than 1 s, and the first vibration measurement signal has a seventh phase angle, and the second vibration measurement signal has an eighth phase angle. Advantageously, the measuring and control electronics can also be configured to control the drive electronics so that the drive electronics operate alternately in the first operating mode or the fourth operating mode, and / or the measuring and control electronics can be configured to control the drive electronics so that the drive electronics operate alternately in the second operating mode or the fourth operating mode, and / or the measuring and control electronics can be set to determine one or more phase error measurement values ​​based on the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during one or more first measurement intervals and during the fourth measurement interval and / or during one or more second measurement intervals and during the fourth measurement interval, and / or the measuring and control electronics can be set to determine one or more mass flow rate measurement values ​​based on the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during one or more fourth measurement intervals.

[0054] According to a twenty-ninth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, a sensor device for detecting mechanical vibrations of at least one measuring tube is further provided, which comprises a first vibration sensor (51) - for example, electrically and / or on the inlet side - providing a first vibration measurement signal and a second vibration sensor - for example, electrically and / or on the outlet side and / or identical in design to the first vibration sensor - providing a second vibration measurement signal, and for example no further vibration sensors besides the first vibration sensor and the second vibration sensor.

[0055] According to a thirtieth embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, an exciter device is further provided, which has a vibration exciter, for example an electrodynamic and / or single first vibration exciter, for exciting vibrations of the at least one measuring tube.

[0056] According to a thirty-first embodiment of the measurement system according to the present invention, drive electronics are further provided, which are electrically connected to the actuator arrangement.

[0057] According to a thirty-second embodiment of the measuring system according to the present invention, there is further provided measuring and control electronics which are electrically coupled to the sensor arrangement.

[0058] According to a thirty-third embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, there is further provided measuring and control electronics having a first analog-to-digital converter for the first vibration measurement signal and a second analog-to-digital converter for the second vibration measurement signal.

[0059] According to a first further development of the measuring system according to the invention, the system further comprises a display element.

[0060] According to a first embodiment of a first further development, a transformer circuit is further provided which is designed to generate a control signal for the display element and to output the control signal to the display element.

[0061] According to a second embodiment of the first further development, a display element is further provided which is designed to receive and process one or more control signals from the transformer circuit—for example to display one or more messages sent by means of the one or more control signals.

[0062] According to a second further development of the measuring system according to the invention, the system further comprises an operating element.

[0063] According to the first embodiment of the second further development, an operating element is further provided, which is configured to convert the one or more manual inputs into one or more control signals, e.g. the one or more control signals containing one or more (control) commands for the transformer circuit, and to send them to the transformer circuit.

[0064] According to a second embodiment of a second further development, a transformer circuit is further provided, which is configured to receive and process one or more control signals from an operating element, e.g., the one or more control signals containing one or more (control) commands—e.g. to execute one or more (control) commands sent by means of the one or more control signals.

[0065] The basic idea of ​​the invention is to occasionally suspend the active excitation of the useful vibrations required for measuring the mass flow rate during the detection of the useful vibrations, i.e. not feed the drive signal into the exciter device, thereby coupling the electrical excitation signal into each of the at least two vibration signals and avoiding an asymmetrical drive of the useful vibration as a whole - which is considered here to be the cause of the aforementioned interference components or the cause of the resulting phase error - and to determine (during operation of the measuring system) a phase error, i.e. a quantization error, based on both the vibration signal of the actively excited (useful) vibration and the vibration signal of the free (damped) vibration and / or to take the contribution of the phase error into account accordingly when determining the mass flow rate measurement value, in particular to reduce or eliminate it.

[0066] One advantage of the present invention lies in particular in the fact that for conventional measuring systems, in particular also including Coriolis mass flow meters, established measuring transducers and transformer circuits - for example, as known from the above-mentioned US-B 63 11 136 or US-A 2020 / 0408581, or also as provided by the applicant for Coriolis mass flow meters (http: / / www.endress.com / de / messgeraete-fuer-die-prozesstechnik / produktfinder?filter.business-area=flow&filter.measuring-principle-parameter=coriolis&filter.text=) - can in principle be incorporated, i.e., if appropriate also be used with relatively minor modifications to the software or firmware of the relevant transformer circuits, for example, by on-site retrofitting of already installed measuring systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] The invention and its advantageous embodiments are explained in more detail below based on the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. Components with the same or identical effects or functions are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures; for reasons of clarity or if justified for other reasons, previously mentioned reference numerals may be omitted in subsequent figures. Further advantageous embodiments or developments, in particular combinations of partial aspects of the invention initially explained only separately, are further apparent from the drawings and / or the claims themselves.

[0068] Specifically, in the figure:

[0069] Figure 1 A vibration measurement system is shown, here configured as a compact measuring device and / or a Coriolis mass flow meter;

[0070] Figure 2 is applicable according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a transformer circuit of a measuring system in the form of a block diagram, the transformer circuit being connected according to Figure 1 Type of vibration measuring transducer or measuring system;

[0071] Figure 3 Based on Figure 1 or Figure 2 a phasor diagram (vector diagram with a stationary vector) of signal components of a vibration measurement signal generated by the measuring system (during the first operating mode);

[0072] Figure 4 Is based on Figure 1 and Figure 2 phasor diagram of signal components of a vibration measurement signal generated by the measurement system (during the second operating mode);

[0073] Figure 5 Is based on Figure 1 and Figure 2 phasor diagram of signal components of a vibration measurement signal generated by a measurement system (during a first operating mode and a second operating mode, respectively);

[0074] Figure 6 Is based on Figure 1 or Figure 2 phasor diagram of signal components of a vibration measurement signal generated by the measurement system (during the third operating mode); and

[0075] Figure 7 Is based on Figure 1 and Figure 2 phasor diagram of signal components of the vibration measurement signal generated by the measurement system (during the fourth operating mode). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A vibration measuring system is shown which can be inserted into a process line (not shown here), such as a pipeline in an industrial plant, for example a filling plant or a refueling system, for a flowable measuring medium, in particular a fluid or pourable measuring medium, i.e. also a fluid which is at least intermittently two-phase or multi-phase or inhomogeneous. The measuring system is designed, for example, as a Coriolis mass flowmeter, in particular for measuring and / or monitoring a mass flow m or for determining a mass flow rate measurement value ( ), the mass flow rate measurement value ( ) represents the mass flow rate of the fluid substance to be measured, such as, in particular, a gas, liquid or dispersion, which is conducted in the aforementioned process line or caused to flow at least intermittently therein. In addition, the measuring system can also be used to determine the mass flow rate of the measured material. and / or According to one embodiment of the invention, a measuring system is provided for determining the mass flow rate measurement value of a measured material to be delivered, i.e., for example, to be delivered in a specified or prescribable quantity by a supplier to a customer, such as a liquefied gas, such as a liquid gas containing methane and / or ethane and / or propane and / or butane, or liquefied natural gas (LNG), or also a mixture of substances formed with the aid of liquid hydrocarbons, i.e., for example, petroleum or liquid fuels. Thus, the measuring system can also be designed, for example, as a component of a delivery point for freight traffic subject to calibration, such as a filling station, and / or as a component of a delivery point in the manner of the delivery points disclosed in the aforementioned documents WO-A 02 / 060805, WO-A 2008 / 013545, WO-A 2010 / 099276, WO-A 2014 / 151829, or WO-A 2016 / 058745.

[0077] The measuring system - for example also implemented as a density and / or viscometer - comprises: a physical-electrical measuring transducer MW, which is connected to the process line via an inlet port #111 and an outlet port #112, the inlet port #111 and the outlet port #112 being configured to have the material to be measured flow through them during operation, and an electronic transformer circuit US electrically coupled thereto - in particular during operation with the aid of an internal energy storage and / or supplied with electrical energy from the outside via a connecting cable.

[0078] Advantageously, the transformer circuit US, which can also be programmable and / or remotely parameterizable, can also be designed to exchange measurement data and / or other operating data, such as current measured values ​​or setpoints and / or diagnostic values ​​for controlling the measuring system, with a higher-level electronic data processing system (not shown here), such as a programmable logic controller (PLC), a personal computer, and / or a workstation, via a data transmission system—for example, a fieldbus system and / or a wireless radio link—during operation of the measuring system. Thus, the transformer circuit US can include connection electronics that are fed, for example, during operation by a (central) evaluation and power supply unit provided in the aforementioned data processing system and remote from the measuring system. For example, the transformer circuit US (or its connection electronics) can be designed to be electrically connected to the external electronic data processing system via a two-conductor connection 2L, optionally also configured as a 4-20 mA current loop. This connection allows both the electrical power required to operate the measuring system to be obtained from the aforementioned evaluation and power supply unit of the data processing system and the measured values ​​to be transmitted to the data processing system, for example, by (load) modulation of the DC supply current supplied by the evaluation and power supply unit. Additionally, the transformer circuit US can also be designed such that it can nominally operate at a maximum power of 1 W or less and / or be intrinsically safe.

[0079] The measuring transducer MW is a vibrating type measuring transducer, i.e. a measuring transducer having at least one measuring tube 10, having an exciter device 41 and having a sensor device (51, 52), wherein the at least one measuring tube 10 is configured to guide an at least intermittently flowing fluid through the measured material (or to be flowed through by the material) and to be vibrated at least intermittently during this process. Figure 2 Indicated, or Figure 1 and Figure 2As can be easily seen in the combined view of FIG, at least one measuring tube 10 can also be accommodated in the transducer housing 100 together with the exciter device ( 41 ) and the sensor device as well as any other components of the measuring transducer. Thus, the measuring sensor can also be a conventional vibration-type measuring sensor, for example, as known from the prior art, in particular from the following aforementioned documents: EP-A 816 807, US-A 2002 / 0033043, US-A 2006 / 0096390, US-A 2007 / 0062309, US-A 2007 / 0119264, US-A 2008 / 0011101, US-A 2008 / 0047362, US-A 2008 / 0190195, US-A 2008 / 0250871, US-A 2010 / 0005887, US-A 2010 / 0011882, US-A 2010 / 0257943, US-A 2011 / 0161017, US-A 2011 / 0178738, US-A 2011 / 0219872, US-A 2011 / 0265580, US-A 2011 / 0271756, US-A 2012 / 0123705, US-A 2013 / 0042700, US-A 2016 / 0313162, US-A 2017 / 0261474, US-A 2020 / 0408581, US-A 44 91 009, US-A 47 56 198, US-A 47 77 833, US-A 48 01 897, US-A 48 76 898、US-A 49 96 871、US-A 50 09 109, US-A52 87 754, US-A 52 91 792, US-A 53 49 872, US-A 57 05 754, US-A 57 96 010, US-A 5796 011, US-A 58 04 742, US-A 58 31 178, US-A 59 45 609, US-A 59 65 824, US-A 60 06609, US-A 60 92 429, US-B 62 23 605, US-B 63 11 136, US-B 64 77 901, US-B 65 05518, US-B 65 13 393, US-B 66 51 513, US-B 66 66 098, US-B 67 11 958, US-B 68 40109, US-B 69 20 798, US-B 70 17 424, US-B 70 40 181, US-B 70 77 014, US-B 72 00503、US-B72 16 549, US-B 72 96 484, US-B 73 25 462, US-B 73 60 451, US-B 77 92646, US-B 79 54 388, US-B 83 33 120, US-B 86 95 436, WO-A 00 / 19175、WO-A 00 / 34748、WO-A 01 / 02816、WO-A 01 / 71291、WO-A 02 / 060805、WO-A 2005 / 093381、WO-A 2007 / 043996、WO-A 2008 / 013545、WO-A 2008 / 059262、WO-A 2010 / 099276、WO-A 2013 / 092104、WO-A2014 / 151829、WO-A 2016 / 058745、WO-A 2017 / 069749、WO-A 2017 / 123214、WO-A 2017 / 143579、WO-A 85 / 05677, WO-A 88 / 02853, WO-A 89 / 00679, WO-A 94 / 21999, WO-A 95 / 03528, WO-A 95 / 16897, WO-A 95 / 29385, WO-A 98 / 02725, or WO-A 99 / 40 394. Thus, the exciter device of the measuring transducer is configured to convert the electrical power fed therein into mechanical power which causes forced mechanical vibrations of the at least one measuring tube, while the sensor device of the measuring transducer is configured to detect the mechanical vibrations of the at least one measuring tube 10 and to provide a first vibration measurement signal s1 representing at least a portion of the vibration movement of the at least one measuring tube and at least one second vibration measurement signal s2 representing at least a portion of the vibration movement of the at least one measuring tube; this is in particular such that: the vibration measurement signals correspond to changes in the mass flow rate of the medium being measured in the measuring tube, the measuring tube having at least one phase difference The change in the phase angle of the vibration measurement signal s1 (or one of its spectral signal components) The phase angle with the vibration measurement signal s2 (or one of its spectral signal components) In addition, the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 can have at least one signal frequency and / or signal amplitude that depends on the density and / or viscosity of the measured material. According to another embodiment of the invention, the sensor arrangement according to the invention comprises a first vibration sensor 51, such as an electric, piezoelectric or capacitive sensor, which is attached to the inlet side of at least one measuring tube or arranged in the vicinity thereof; and a second vibration sensor 52, such as an electric, piezoelectric or capacitive sensor, which is attached to the outlet side of at least one measuring tube or arranged in the vicinity thereof. As is quite common in vibration type measuring transducers and also in Figure 2 , the vibration sensors 51, 52 can, for example, also be positioned at the same distance from the center of the at least one measuring tube 10. Furthermore, the two vibration sensors 51, 52 can also be the only vibration sensors for detecting vibrations of the at least one measuring tube 10, so that the sensor arrangement does not have any other vibration sensors besides the vibration sensors 51, 52. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the exciter device is formed by means of at least one electromechanical—for example electric, electromagnetic or piezoelectric—vibration exciter 41, which is also as shown Figure 2 As indicated, it can be positioned, for example, in the middle of at least one measuring tube 10 and / or can also be the exciter device or the sole vibration exciter of the measuring transducer formed thereby, which causes vibrations of the at least one measuring tube. Furthermore, a temperature measuring device 71 for detecting the temperature within the tube arrangement and / or a strain measuring device for detecting mechanical stresses within the tube arrangement can also be provided in the measuring transducer, for example.

[0080] In order to process the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 supplied by the transducers, the transformer circuit US also has measurement and control electronics DSV. Figure 2As schematically shown in FIG, the measuring and control electronics DSV are electrically connected to the measuring transducer MW or its sensor devices 51, 52 and are configured to receive and evaluate the aforementioned vibration measurement signals s1, s2, i.e., to determine analog and / or digital mass flow rate measurement values ​​representing the mass flow rate based on the at least two vibration measurement signals s1, s2, and optionally also output them—for example, in the form of digital values. The vibration measurement signals s1, s2 generated by the measuring transducer MW and fed, for example, via electrical connecting lines to the transformer circuit US or the measuring and control electronics DSV provided therein can initially also be preprocessed there—for example, by preamplification, filtering, and digitization. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the measuring and control electronics DSV respectively has a first measurement signal input for the vibration measurement signal s1 and at least one second measurement signal input for the vibration measurement signal s2, and the measuring and control electronics DSV is further configured to determine the aforementioned phase difference from the vibration measurement signals s1, s2. Furthermore, the measuring and control electronics DSV can also be configured to determine each of the aforementioned phase angles and / or at least one signal frequency and / or one signal amplitude from at least one of the applied vibration measurement signals s1, s2—for example, to generate, during operation, a sequence of digital phase values ​​representing the respective phase angles and / or a sequence of digital frequency values ​​representing the signal frequencies and / or a sequence of digital amplitude values ​​representing the signal amplitudes. According to another embodiment of the invention, the measuring and control electronics DSV has a digital phase output and a digital amplitude output. Furthermore, the measuring and control electronics DSV is designed to output, at the amplitude output, an amplitude sequence, i.e., a sequence of digital amplitude values ​​determined based on at least one of the vibration measurement signals, for example, the signal amplitude of one of the quantized vibration measurement signals, and, at the phase output, a phase sequence, i.e., a sequence of digital phase values ​​determined based on the vibration measurement signals.

[0081] The measuring and control electronics DSV can also be implemented, for example, by means of a microcomputer provided in the transformer circuit US—for example, by means of a digital signal processor DSP—and by means of correspondingly implemented program code that runs within it. The program code can, for example, be permanently stored in a non-volatile data memory EEPROM of the microcomputer and loaded into a volatile data memory RAM integrated into the microcomputer when the microcomputer is started. As already indicated, the vibration measurement signals s1 and s2 are converted into corresponding digital signals for processing in the microcomputer by means of corresponding analog-to-digital converters (A / D converters) of the measuring and control electronics DSV or transformer circuit US thus formed; in this regard, reference is made, for example, to the aforementioned US Pat. No. 63,111,136 or US Pat. No. 2011 / 0271756. Accordingly, according to another embodiment, the measuring and control electronics include a first analog-to-digital converter for the first vibration measurement signal and a second analog-to-digital converter for the second vibration measurement signal.

[0082] In order to control or drive the measuring transducer, e.g. Figure 2 As schematically shown as a block diagram in FIG. 1 , the transformer circuit US also has drive electronics Exc, which are electrically coupled to the exciter device, for example via electrical connection lines, and to the measuring and control electronics DSV, for example via a digital bus connection or electrical coupling inside the transformer circuit. The drive electronics Exc and the measuring and control electronics DSV as well as other electronic components of the transformer circuit US for operating the measuring system, such as an internal power supply circuit VS for providing an internal DC supply voltage and / or sending and receiving electronics COM for communicating with a higher-level measurement data processing system or an external field bus (from Figure 1 and Figure 2 can also be accommodated, for example, in a corresponding electronics housing 200, which is particularly shockproof and / or explosion-proof and / or hermetically sealed. Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the electronics housing 200 can be mounted on the aforementioned transducer housing 100 to form a compact vibration measurement system or Coriolis mass flowmeter. The electrical connection of the measuring transducer MW to the transformer circuit US can be achieved by means of corresponding electrical connecting wires and corresponding cable feedthroughs. In this case, the connecting wires can be formed at least partially as electrical conductor lines that are at least partially covered by electrical insulation, for example in the form of twisted-pair lines, ribbon cables, and / or coaxial cables. Alternatively or in addition, the connecting wires can also be formed at least partially by means of printed conductors of a printed circuit board, in particular a flexible, optionally coated printed circuit board.

[0083] To visualize the measured values ​​generated within the measurement system and / or possibly status messages generated within the measurement system, such as error messages or alarms, on-site, and / or to operate the measurement system on-site, the measurement system can further include a display element HMI1 that at least intermittently communicates with the transformer circuit US and / or an operating element HMI2 that at least intermittently communicates with the transformer circuit US, such as an LCD, OLED, or TFT display placed in the aforementioned electronics housing 200 behind a window provided therein, and a corresponding input keyboard and / or touchscreen (as a combined display and operating element). According to another embodiment of the present invention, the operating element HMI2 is designed to convert one or more manual inputs (by a user of the measurement system) into one or more control signals, e.g., including one or more (control) commands for the transformer circuit US, and is designed to transmit these signals to the transformer circuit US. Thus, the transformer circuit US can also be configured to receive and process one or more control signals from the operating element HMI2, which may also include one or more (control) commands—e.g., to execute the one or more (control) commands transmitted via the one or more control signals. Alternatively or in addition, the transformer circuit can also be configured to generate control signals for the aforementioned display element HMI1 and output them to the display element HMI1. In addition, the display element HMI1 can be configured to receive and process one or more control signals from the transformer circuit US - for example, to display one or more messages sent by means of the one or more control signals.

[0084] The drive electronics Exc of the measuring system are in particular configured to be controlled by the measuring and control electronics DSV and, as is very common for conventional measuring systems of the type in question, to be operated intermittently in a (normal) first operating mode I and to generate in said first operating mode I a - for example bipolar and / or at least temporarily periodic, optionally also harmonic - first electrical drive signal e1 having a first, in particular constant, signal frequency and / or having an instantaneous resonance frequency corresponding to a natural vibration mode inherent to the measuring transducer and having a first signal amplitude, in particular constant or kept constant, for example a first (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a first (signal) current amplitude, and thus to feed electrical power to the exciter device so that the at least one measuring tube - which, for example, also induces Coriolis forces in the medium flowing through the at least one measuring tube - executes a first useful frequency. and a forced mechanical vibration of a first useful amplitude, the first useful frequency That is, the vibration frequency corresponding to the first signal frequency of the electric drive signal e1, the first useful amplitude corresponding to the first signal amplitude of the electric drive signal e1 (hereinafter referred to as the first useful vibration), and each of the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 (also as Figure 3 indicated) contains the (useful) signal component or , i.e. a (spectral) signal component having a signal frequency corresponding to the useful frequency and having a (first or respectively second) phase angle; this is particularly such that, in particular due to the aforementioned Coriolis force, the two (useful) signal components 、 There is a corresponding first phase difference The drive signal e1 can be, for example, a harmonic or sinusoidal electrical (AC) signal, or, for example, a multi-frequency electrical (AC) signal, which is optionally also periodic within a predeterminable time period, consists of a plurality of (spectral) signal components, but contains a spectral (useful) signal component E1 having a first signal amplitude and signal frequency.

[0085] Furthermore, the measuring and control electronics DSV is further configured to control the drive electronics Exc such that the drive electronics is operated in the aforementioned first operating mode, in particular temporarily and / or for a period longer than the inverse of the useful frequency and / or in each case continuously and recursively for a period longer than 10 ms (milliseconds), in particular longer than 10 s, and such that the at least one measuring tube (in the case of operation of the drive electronics in the first operating mode) performs forced oscillations at least during a first measuring interval, which first measuring interval corresponds in particular to a period longer than the useful frequency The reciprocal of (1 / ) and / or last longer than 10 ms. Advantageously, for example, operating mode I (of the drive electronics Exc) and the first measuring interval (of the measuring and control electronics DSV) can be selected such that the first useful oscillation performed during this time is as still or stable as possible, in particular with respect to its useful frequency and / or its useful amplitude.

[0086] To set or measure the useful frequency , the drive electronics can, for example, have one or more phase-locked loops (PLL), as are very common in vibration measuring systems or Coriolis mass flowmeters of the type in question. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the drive electronics Exc has a digital frequency output. In addition, the drive electronics Exc is further configured to output a frequency sequence at said frequency output, in particular a sequence of digital frequency values ​​quantizing the signal frequency set for the drive signal e1, such as in particular the currently set useful frequency (or the signal frequency of its signal component E1). According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the aforementioned phase output of the measuring and control electronics DSV is electrically connected to a phase input formed, for example, by means of a phase comparator provided within the drive electronics Exc. For example, said phase comparator can also be configured to detect the difference between the aforementioned signal component E1 of the drive signal e1 and the aforementioned useful component 、 , and / or is configured to determine the extent of said phase difference. Furthermore, the amplitude output of the measuring and control electronics DSV can also be electrically connected to an amplitude input of the drive electronics Exc, which detects the amplitude of the signal component or the vibration excited thereby in the at least one measuring tube. The aforementioned mechanical vibration excited by means of the drive electronics Exc and the exciter device 41 connected thereto can—as is quite common in vibration measuring systems of the type in question, in particular also in Coriolis mass flowmeters—be, for example, a (forced) bending vibration of the at least one measuring tube 10 about an associated rest position, wherein the useful frequency It can be set, for example, to an instantaneous resonant frequency, which also depends on the density and / or viscosity of the measured material carried in the at least one measuring tube having only a single vibration trough in a first-order (bending) vibration mode (f1 mode), in which the at least one measuring tube performs a (bending) vibration with a single vibration trough about an imaginary vibration axis that imaginarily connects two vibration nodes of the (bending) vibration. Due to the (useful) vibration of the at least one measuring tube 10, such as the aforementioned bending vibration, Coriolis forces can be generated in the measured material flowing through the at least one measuring tube, as is known; this in particular causes the aforementioned useful signal component of the vibration measurement signal s1 or s2 to be 、 Each of them has a corresponding measurement component S1' or S2', which has a value corresponding to the useful frequency The signal frequency and the (measured) phase angle ( 、 ); Therefore, as in Figure 3As indicated in , between the measured component S1 ' of the vibration signal s1 and the measured component S2 ' of the vibration signal s2 there is (usually) a (measured) phase difference which depends on the mass flow rate m .

[0087] Therefore, the measuring and control electronics DSV is further configured to evaluate the first vibration measurement signal s1 and the second vibration measurement signal s2, i.e. based on the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during at least one or more of the aforementioned first measurement intervals, e.g. based on the corresponding first phase differences , i.e. the vibration measurement signal s1 (or its useful signal component) received (during one or more first measurement intervals) ) phase angle and the vibration measurement signal s2 (or its useful signal component) (received during one or more first measurement intervals) ) phase angle to determine one or more mass flow rate measurements, also digital, such as , i.e. a measured value representing the mass flow rate of the measured material guided in at least one measuring tube.

[0088] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the measuring and control electronics DSV is further configured based on the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during one or more first measurement intervals to first determine one or more, in particular digital, (first) phase difference measurement values , each phase difference measurement represents a first phase difference (of the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during one or more first measurement intervals) - e.g. in order to use one or more (first) phase difference measurements To determine the aforementioned mass flow rate measurement Alternatively or additionally, the measurement and control electronics can also be configured to determine, based on the vibration measurement signals s1 received during the one or more first measurement intervals, a first phase angle representative of the vibration measurement signals s1 received during the one or more first measurement intervals. One or more, in particular digital, (first) phase angle measurement values and / or determining a second phase angle representative of the vibration measurement signal s2 received during the one or more first measurement intervals based on the vibration measurement signal s2 received during the one or more first measurement intervals One or more, in particular digital, (second) phase angle measurement values The aforementioned phase angle 、 or phase angle measurement 、 It can be determined, for example, with reference to the electrical drive signal e1 or an internal (clock) reference signal of the transformer circuit US, in particular generated by means of the measuring and control electronics DSV or the drive electronics Exc, wherein the clock frequency corresponds to the useful frequency, for example as a phase difference to the drive signal e1 or to the useful signal component E1 and / or to the aforementioned (clock) reference signal.

[0089] As already mentioned, when the drive electronics Exc is operated in the first operating mode or when the drive signal e1 is fed into the exciter arrangement, each of the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 (also as in Figure 3 Indicated in ), in addition to the aforementioned measurement components S1 'or S2', there can also be interference components S1 "or S2", the interference components S1 "or S2" having the same frequency, but still phase-shifted (unwanted), each vibration measurement signal having a respective (interference) amplitude and a corresponding (interference) phase angle depending on the drive signal e1 (or its aforementioned signal component E1). Also as Figure 3 As indicated, the phase angles and / or amplitudes of the interference components S1″ or S2″ can differ from one another. The aforementioned interference components S1″ or S2″ can be caused, for example, by electromagnetic coupling of the drive signal into the vibration signal, by asymmetrical drive motion of the vibration exciter, or by aging or (excessive) loading of the measuring transducer or the measuring system formed thereby. Due to the aforementioned interference components S1″ or S2″ contained in the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 or their useful signal components 、 , when the driver electronics Exc operates in the first operating mode, in the useful signal component 、 The (first) phase difference that can actually be measured between Not only depends on the mass flow rate m , or conversely, the phase difference (Can also be obtained from Figure 3 It can be seen that the measured components S1' and S2' The (measured) phase difference established between In other words, the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 or their useful signal components 、 can have a corresponding phase error Err caused by the aforementioned interference component S1" or S2". .

[0090] In order to detect the aforementioned interference components S1″, S2″ in the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 as early as possible and at the same time reliably, and to quantify and / or compensate for them in special cases during the operating operation of the measuring system, if necessary, the drive electronics Exc is further configured, controlled by the measuring and control electronics DSV, to occasionally also operate in a second operating mode II and to generate in said second operating mode II a second electrical drive signal e2, which is, for example, bipolar and / or at least intermittently periodic, optionally also harmonic, and which has a second signal frequency and a second signal amplitude, the second signal frequency being, in particular, The second signal amplitude is, in particular, constant or maintained constant and deviates from the first signal amplitude (of the drive signal e1 or the corresponding preset value), in particular by no less than 10%, such as a second (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a second (signal) current amplitude, and thus feeds electrical power to the exciter device. This also allows, for example, the drive electronics Exc (controlled by the measuring and control electronics DSV) to be operated or permitted to operate intermittently, in particular in an alternating manner, in the first or second operating mode. For example, a corresponding change from the first to the second operating mode can be achieved by the drive electronics adjusting the drive signal from the first signal amplitude to the second signal amplitude, for example by continuous (amplitude) sweeping or by (abrupt) switching. Similarly, a change from the second to the first operating mode can be achieved by the drive electronics switching the drive signal from the second signal amplitude to the first signal amplitude—if necessary, also abruptly.

[0091] Due to the second drive signal e2, the measuring tube 10 (in the case of operation of the drive electronics in the second operating mode II) performs a second useful oscillation, i.e. a forced mechanical oscillation (by means of the drive signal e2) with a second useful frequency, which corresponds to the oscillation frequency of the second signal frequency of the electrical drive signal e2, and with a second useful amplitude, i.e. a oscillation amplitude corresponding to the second signal amplitude of the electrical drive signal e2, and as a result the vibration measurement signal s1 has a third phase angle , and the vibration measurement signal s2 has a fourth phase angle ; Therefore, if Figure 4 shown and from Figure 5 It can be seen that the two (useful) signal components 、 There is a corresponding second phase difference .from Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is evident from the combined view of Figure 5 (corresponding to such a combined view) is schematically shown, the second phase difference from a first phase difference determined during a first measurement interval initiated immediately before (immediately) and / or immediately after (immediately) the associated second measurement interval The deviation corresponds to the phase error Err mentioned above, or the deviation corresponds to the phase error Err, so that the phase difference Phase difference The difference (phase difference) measured or measurable (by means of the measuring and control electronics DSV) between the phase errors Err is at least approximately equal to or proportional to the phase error Err This is particularly true when the first and second signal frequencies are set to be equal to or only slightly different from one another. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first and second signal frequencies are set or can be set by means of the drive electronics or the converter circuit formed thereby, such that each of the first and second signal frequencies (during the first or second operating mode) corresponds to a respective instantaneous resonant frequency of the same (natural) vibration mode of the measuring transducer, such as the aforementioned first-order (bending) vibration mode (f1 mode). Therefore, the drive electronics Exc can advantageously be further configured to set the second signal frequency equal to the first signal frequency, or to maintain it at least immediately after the drive electronics change from the first to the second operating mode. In particular, to generate a phase difference that is as significant or easily measurable as possible, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the drive electronics Exc are further configured to set the second signal amplitude so that it deviates from the first signal amplitude by no less than 10%, for example, by less than 80%, of the first signal amplitude.

[0092] The corresponding useful signal component is known 、 or 、 The first phase difference and the second phase difference Or the corresponding phase angle 、 、 or , it is possible to at least approximately determine or quantify the aforementioned phase error Err during operation of the measurement system This is easier and more precise the smaller the fluctuations in the mass flow during operation and the more stable the material being measured is with respect to its material properties. Therefore, the measuring and control electronics DSV is also configured to occasionally during operation of the measuring system—e.g. also in a time- or clock-controlled and / or event-controlled manner—activate or initiate a second operating mode II of the drive electronics Exc, so that at least one measuring tube 10, when the drive electronics Exc is in the second operating mode, performs a second useful oscillation at least during a (e.g. predetermined and / or adjustable) second measuring interval and receives and evaluates (corresponding) vibration measurement signals s1, s2 during one or more second measuring intervals; that is, based on these vibration measurement signals s1, s2 (received in each case during one or more first and second measuring intervals), one or more, e.g. digital, phase error measurement values ​​are determined. In addition, the drive signals e1, e2, such as the first signal amplitude and the second signal amplitude thereof, can also be used or included in the phase error measurement value accordingly. In the determination of, for example, if the first signal amplitude and / or the second signal amplitude of the corresponding drive signal e1 or e2 vary greatly over time, the phase difference is correspondingly normalized or weighted. 、 .

[0093] As already indicated, the measuring and control electronics DSV can also be configured, for example, to cause the drive electronics Exc to automatically change from the first operating mode I to the second operating mode II, or vice versa, in each case—for example, in a time- or event-controlled manner. Alternatively or additionally, the measuring and control electronics DSV can also be configured to effectuate the aforementioned change of the drive electronics Exc from the first operating mode I to the second operating mode II, and vice versa, based on a control signal, which can optionally also be generated externally to the transformer circuit US. The control signal can be generated, for example, by means of the aforementioned operating element HMI2 or also by the aforementioned data processing system (connected to the measuring system), and can be received via the aforementioned transmitting and receiving electronics COM. To this end, the control signal can, for example, contain a control command that (directly) initiates the change from the first operating mode I to the second operating mode II. However, alternatively or additionally, the control signal can also contain one or more messages indicating that the mass flow is stationary and / or the (current) density and / or viscosity or the temporal variation of the mass flow, density and / or viscosity corresponds in each case to specified preset values, and / or that the measured material is homogeneous or inhomogeneous, for example, to support a manual change from the first operating mode I to the second operating mode II and / or to enable or realize a conditional change from the first operating mode I to the second operating mode II.

[0094] In the measurement system according to the present invention, the phase error measurement value In particular, it represents, for example, a quantification of one or more first phase differences (of the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during one or more first measurement intervals) One or more second phase differences from the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during one or more second measurement intervals Alternatively or additionally, the phase error measurement It is also possible to represent or quantify one or more first phase angles (of the vibration measurement signal s1 received during one or more first measurement intervals) One or more third phase angles of the vibration measurement signal s1 received during one or more second measurement intervals The (measured) deviation and / or one or more second phase angles (of the vibration measurement signal s2 received during one or more first measurement intervals) One or more fourth phase angles of the vibration measurement signal s2 received during the one or more second measurement intervals Additionally, one or more phase error measurements The (first and / or higher order) time derivative of at least one of the aforementioned (measured) deviations is also represented or quantified. The aforementioned (measured) deviation can also be, for example, an absolute or relative (measured) deviation. The aforementioned (third) phase angle and (fourth) phase angle can be very simple (with a phase angle or In the same way) is measured as the phase difference relative to the aforementioned (clock) reference signal.

[0095] The second measuring interval (of the measuring and control electronics DSV) or the second operating mode II (of the drive electronics Exc) can also advantageously be selected such that the second measuring interval and / or the second operating mode II each last longer than 10 ms (milliseconds), for example longer than 100 ms, and / or each exceeds the reciprocal value of the useful frequency (1 / )—for example, even greater than 5 times the reciprocal value. Alternatively or additionally, the second measurement interval or the second operating mode II can be selected so that they are each shorter than 1 s (second). Furthermore, operating mode II and the second measurement interval can also be advantageously selected, for example, so that the second useful oscillations performed during them are as static or stable as possible, in particular with respect to their useful frequency and / or their useful amplitude.

[0096] According to another embodiment of the invention, the measuring and control electronics DSV is further configured to implement the change of the drive electronics Exc from the first operating mode I to the second operating mode II in a time-controlled manner or to perform it in a time-controlled manner, for example, so that the change from the second operating mode II back to the first operating mode I or vice versa occurs cyclically within a predetermined or predeterminable time period or a plurality of times in a time-controlled manner. For example, the measuring and control electronics and / or the drive electronics can also be configured to change the drive electronics from the first operating mode I to the second operating mode II cyclically, so that the drive electronics changes from the first operating mode to the second operating mode and vice versa a plurality of times within one cycle, and / or so that the drive electronics mainly operates in the first operating mode within one cycle, and / or the drive electronics operates in the first operating mode at least as frequently and / or for as long as in the second operating mode within one cycle.

[0097] Phase error measurement It can also be used, for example, to check the measuring system and / or the measured material, for example to determine whether the measuring system has suffered a malfunction, possibly even an irreversible malfunction, and / or to determine whether one or more material parameters of the measured material - such as density, viscosity or consistency, flow index and / or component and / or phase ratios (GVF) in the case of multiphase and / or multicomponent flows, etc. - are outside the specifications defined for each case. Alternatively or additionally, for example, when determining the mass flow rate measurement value When the phase error measurement value is taken into account , for example, because the measuring and control electronics is also configured to use one or more phase error measurement values ​​by means of the measuring and control electronics DSV during operation of the measuring system to calculate the correction value corresponding to the phase error Err in each case, or using one or more phase error measurements To determine one or more (future) mass flow rate measurements .

[0098] Therefore, according to another embodiment of the invention, the measurement and control electronics DSV is configured to use one or more phase error measurement values to calculate at least one correction value for reducing or compensating for a first phase difference (of the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during one or more first measurement intervals) The phase error is included in the mass flow rate measurement and is configured to or is configured to also use at least one correction value to calculate the mass flow rate measurement value. Alternatively or in addition, the measurement and control electronics DSV can also be configured to measure one or more mass flow rate measurement values ​​also based on the vibration measurement signals s1 , s2 received during the one or more second measurement intervals. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the measuring and control electronics is therefore further configured to determine one or more, for example also digital, (second) phase difference measurement values ​​based on the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during one or more second measurement intervals. , so that the phase difference measurement value is the (second) phase difference between the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 (received during one or more second measurement intervals) In addition, the measuring and control electronics DSV can be configured to also use the value representing the (second) phase difference One or more such phase difference measurements To determine one or more mass flow rate measurements Alternatively or in addition, the measurement and control electronics DSV can also be configured to measure one or more phase error values ​​based on a deviation between the first mass flow rate measurement value and the second mass flow rate measurement value. .

[0099] The aforementioned determination of the phase error Err and, if necessary, also the calculation of the aforementioned correction value for compensation, as well as the inspection of the measuring system or the measured material, can, for example, be based in each case on the use of a plurality of phase error measurement values ​​determined successively over time. Perform statistical calculations based on the phase error measurements This can also be done advantageously for cases where the measuring transducer measures a measured material flowing at a mass flow rate not equal to zero (in particular, at least approximately constant or stationary (m>0 and / or dm / dt ≈ 0) for a plurality of temporally consecutive first and second measuring intervals), and / or for cases where the measuring transducer conducts (material) properties that are at least approximately constant, such as viscosity and / or density. For example, the phase error Err or a corresponding correction value can also be determined during (initial) calibration of the measuring system at the manufacturer and / or during (re)calibration of the measuring system in the field, if necessary even without (completely) interrupting the operation of the industrial installation in which the measuring system is located.

[0100] For this purpose, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the measuring and control electronics DSV is configured to use a plurality of phase error measurement values To calculate one or more eigenvalues ​​of at least one statistical (measurement system) eigenvalue, for example, including a plurality of phase error measurements Position measurement or scattered measurement of a set of measurement values ​​- for example, in order to reduce the (measurement) uncertainty of the phase error measurement value and / or quantify the phase error measurement using one or more eigenvalues The (central) trend and / or one or more eigenvalues ​​quantify the phase error measurement value The width of the scatter in one or more of their position measurements. Such a (measurement system) characteristic value can be, for example, the mode, the median, the (empirical) mean, the (empirical) variance, the (empirical) standard deviation or a (phase error measurement) However, alternatively or additionally, one or more phase error measurements may be Such parameters can also be determined in such a way that they themselves represent or quantify (descriptive) statistics, i.e. one or more phase error measurements It can also itself already be used as a characteristic value of at least one statistical (measurement system) characteristic value. In particular, the measurement and control electronics can also be configured to measure one or more phase error measurement values , so that they each represent or quantify the first phase angle and the third phase angle (measured) deviation, and / or second phase angle With the fourth phase angle (Central) trend of the (measured) deviation, and / or first phase difference The second phase difference the (central) trend of the (measured) deviations, and / or such that they each represent or quantify the first phase angle With the second phase angle (measured) deviation, and / or second phase angle With the fourth phase angle (measured) deviation, and / or first phase difference The second phase difference A measure of the dispersion of the (measurement) deviation of the mass flow rate. In which one or more phase error measurement values ​​are calculated based on the deviation between the first mass flow rate measurement value and the second mass flow rate measurement value by means of the measuring and control electronics DSV. In the aforementioned case, additionally, the phase error measurement value one of which can also represent in each case a difference between a first mass flow rate measurement value and a second mass flow rate measurement value determined immediately before or after it in time, and / or a position measure for a plurality of such differences between the first mass flow rate measurement value and the second mass flow rate measurement value, and / or a difference between the position measures determined in each case for a plurality of first mass flow rate measurement values ​​and the second mass flow rate measurement value, and / or a dispersion measure for a plurality of such differences between the first mass flow rate measurement value and the second mass flow rate measurement value, and / or a difference between the scatter measures determined in each case for a plurality of first mass flow rate measurement values ​​and the second mass flow rate measurement value.

[0101] It is also possible to measure one or more phase error values ​​by Comparison with one or more (phase error) reference values ​​or (phase error) threshold values, for example also during operation on site or in a factory, to perform a check of the measuring system or the measured material; this can, for example, be done in such a way that phase error measurement values ​​that change rapidly over time and / or fluctuate strongly or only temporarily represent measurement deviations or that exceed a predetermined level are not represented are evaluated as indicators of disturbances in the measured material, for example in the form of multiphase flow and / or due to foreign matter entrained in the material, and / or such that a slowly and / or continuously increasing measurement deviation or a phase error measurement value exceeding a predetermined level is indicated is evaluated as an indicator of a malfunction of the measuring transducer. Therefore, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the measuring and control electronics DSV is further configured to determine one or more phase error measurement values Deviation from at least one associated phase error reference value, which represents, for example, a (pre-)determined phase error measurement value under reference conditions and / or during a (re-)calibration of the measuring system , and / or is configured to convert one or more phase error measurements Comparison with at least one (measurement system specific) phase error threshold value – for example, which represents the maximum permissible phase error measurement value Alternatively, if one or more phase error measurements The phase error measurement value has been exceeded. At least one phase error threshold is determined, the measuring and control electronics DSV can also be configured to issue a corresponding (error) message, for example also by means of the aforementioned display element HMI1. The aforementioned phase error reference value or phase error threshold can be determined at least in part, for example, by the manufacturer (for example, at the factory) and / or in the course of a possibly repeated calibration of the measuring system (under reference conditions) on site, and can be correspondingly stored in the transformer circuit, for example, in a non-volatile (data) memory of the transformer circuit US, such as the aforementioned non-volatile data memory EEPROM.

[0102] Although, as already mentioned, the determination of the phase error Err can also be performed when the measured material flows through the measuring transducer with a mass flow rate different from zero, it can be advantageous—especially when the measuring system is used in plants or processes with (highly) dynamic mass flows, so that the measured material typically has a non-stationary and / or highly temporally varying mass flow rate—at least when determining the phase error measurement value In a desired short time period, a mass flow is introduced or provided in the system that is as static as possible or at most slightly fluctuating, or conversely, such a static mass flow is reported to an operator of the measurement system or on-site. To this end, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the measuring and control electronics, or the transformer circuit US formed thereby, is further configured (when the drive electronics Exc is operating in the first operating mode I or before the drive electronics Exc switches from the first operating mode to the second operating mode) to generate a message, for example, outputted via the aforementioned control signal and / or transmitted to the aforementioned display element HMI1, indicating or causing the mass flow of the measured material conducted in the at least one measuring tube to be set to a constant (mass flow) value—for example, zero. Alternatively or additionally, the measuring and control electronics DSV, or the transformer circuit US formed thereby, can also be triggered to change (possibly multiple times) the drive electronics from the first operating mode to the second operating mode (or vice versa) based on a control signal applied to the transformer circuit US—for example, a (start) command and / or a message transmitted thereto indicating that the mass flow of the measured material carried in the at least one measuring tube is constant or zero.

[0103] To further improve the phase error measurement According to another embodiment of the present invention, in a third operating mode III, the drive electronics Exc is configured to feed electrical power to the actuator device by means of a third electrical drive signal e3, which has a third signal frequency and a third signal amplitude, the third signal frequency being in particular constant and / or corresponding to the instantaneous resonant frequency of the measuring transducer, and the third signal amplitude (constant or held constant) deviating from the first signal amplitude by in particular not less than 10% of the first signal amplitude and from the second signal amplitude by in particular not less than 10% of the second signal amplitude, such as a third (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a third (signal) current amplitude, so that the at least one measuring tube executes a third useful oscillation, i.e., a forced mechanical oscillation, having a third useful frequency and a third useful amplitude, i.e., a oscillation frequency corresponding to the third signal frequency of the electrical drive signal, and a oscillation amplitude corresponding to the third signal amplitude of the electrical drive signal. For example, the third signal frequency can also correspond to the first signal frequency and / or the second signal frequency. Alternatively or additionally, the third signal amplitude can advantageously be set to deviate from the first signal amplitude or to deviate by not less than 10% of the first signal amplitude, for example the third signal amplitude can also be greater than 120% of the first signal amplitude.

[0104] Similar to the conditions in the first operating mode and the second operating mode or during the measurement interval, the vibration measurement signal s1 correspondingly has a fifth phase angle φ due to the third useful vibration. , and the vibration measurement signal s2 has a sixth phase angle Therefore, there is a corresponding third phase difference between the vibration measurement signals s1 and s2 ,like Figure 6 As shown schematically in the figure, the phase difference (due to the different signal amplitudes of the corresponding drive signals e1, e2 and e3) is different from the phase difference , which is also different from the phase difference ; This, in particular, also makes the phase difference Phase difference Phase difference Phase difference The difference between the phase differences that can be measured in each case, as described above Phase difference The phase difference between Same as the phase error Err Equally proportional. In addition, the measuring and control electronics DSV is further configured to control the drive electronics Exc so that the drive electronics is operated at least intermittently in a third operating mode III, in particular temporarily and / or for a value longer than the inverse of the third useful frequency and / or for a duration longer than 10 ms in each case, and the at least one measuring tube (in the case of operation of the drive electronics in the third operating mode) correspondingly performs a third (useful) oscillation at least during a third measuring interval, in particular corresponding to a value greater than the inverse of the useful frequency and / or for a duration longer than 10 ms. In addition, the measuring and control electronics DSV can advantageously also be configured to determine one or more phase error measurement values ​​based on the first and second vibration measurement signals received in each case during one or more first and third measurement intervals and / or in each case during one or more second and third measurement intervals. Alternatively or in addition, the measurement and control electronics can also be configured to determine the mass flow rate measurement value also based on the vibration measurement signals s1 , s2 received during the one or more third measurement intervals. One or more of .

[0105] Alternatively or in addition to the aforementioned operating mode III, the drive electronics Exc can further be configured to suspend the generation of the electrical drive signal in a fourth operating mode IV, such that during this time, the drive electronics Exc does not feed electrical power to the actuator device. Furthermore, the measuring and control electronics (DSV) can advantageously be configured to control the drive electronics Exc such that the drive electronics Exc changes from at least one of the first operating modes I and / or at least one of the second operating modes II to a fourth operating mode IV, whereby the at least one measuring tube (when the drive electronics is operating in the fourth operating mode) performs a free damped oscillation at least during a fourth measuring interval, in particular corresponding to a value greater than the inverse of the (previous) first useful frequency and / or the second useful frequency and / or lasting longer than 10 ms and / or less than 1 s, and further as Figure 7 As schematically shown in FIG, the vibration measurement signal s1 has a corresponding seventh phase angle , and the second vibration measurement signal s2 has a corresponding eighth phase angle .

[0106] from Figure 7 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the temporary interruption or switching off of the driver signal e1 , e2 or e3 in each case and the corresponding temporary suspension of the current supply to the actuator device can, on the one hand, result in a reduction in the useful signal components generated during operating mode IV. 、 The (signal) amplitude of each of the |、| |) and the useful signal component previously detected when the drive electronics Exc is operating in operating mode I, II or III ( 、 、 、 or 、 ) of each of the magnitudes (| |、| |、| |、| |or| |、| However, since the drive electronics Exc does not generate a drive signal, the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 or their useful signal components are not affected by the vibrations, even though the measuring tube (still) performs an oscillating movement at the corresponding useful frequency. 、 The aforementioned type of interference components are hardly or not contained at all, and thus the phase error Err is also substantially eliminated. Therefore, the phase angle (measured during the fourth measurement interval) 、 corresponds (at least approximately) to the aforementioned (measured) phase angle or , or the useful signal component 、 The corresponding fourth phase difference between corresponds (at least approximately) to the aforementioned (measured) phase difference Therefore, according to another embodiment of the invention, the measuring and control electronics DSV is further configured to receive and evaluate (each of) the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 during one or more such fourth measurement intervals, for example to determine one or more (measured) phase difference measurement values, also based on the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during the one or more fourth measurement intervals. , each phase difference measurement value represents the (measured) phase difference , or determining one or more mass flow measurement values ​​based on the vibration measurement signals s1, s2 received during one or more fourth measurement intervals , if necessary, also using the aforementioned (measured) phase difference measurement value One or more of .

Claims

1. A vibration measurement system, in particular a Coriolis mass flowmeter, comprising: - transducer; The transducer: -- having at least one measuring tube, -- With exciter device -- and having a sensor device; - and an electronic transformer circuit (US) electrically coupled to both the actuator device and the sensor device, the electronic transformer circuit (US) being formed and / or programmable in particular by means of at least one microprocessor, the electronic transformer circuit (US): -- With measurement and control electronics (DSV) - and having drive electronics (Exc) which are connected, in particular electrically connected, to the measuring and control electronics and / or are controlled by the measuring and control electronics; - wherein the measuring tube is configured to conduct a fluid measured material, in particular a gas, a liquid or a dispersion, which flows at least intermittently and during this process is to be vibrated; - wherein the exciter device is configured to convert the electrical power fed to the exciter device into mechanical power which causes a forced mechanical vibration of the at least one measuring tube; - wherein the sensor device is configured to detect mechanical vibrations of the at least one measuring tube and to provide a first vibration measurement signal (s1) at least partially representative of the vibration movement of the at least one measuring tube and at least one second vibration measurement signal (s2) at least partially representative of the vibration movement of the at least one measuring tube, in particular such that the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal follow changes in the mass flow rate of the measured material guided in the measuring tube with a change in phase difference, i.e. a change in the difference between the phase angle of the first vibration measurement signal and the phase angle of the second vibration measurement signal; - wherein the drive electronics (Exc) is configured to generate, in a first operating mode (I), a first electrical drive signal (e1) having a first signal frequency and, in particular, a constant first signal amplitude, the first signal frequency being in particular constant and / or corresponding to an instantaneous resonance frequency of a natural vibration mode inherent to the measuring transducer, and the first signal amplitude being in particular a first (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a first (signal) current amplitude, and is thus configured to feed electrical power into the exciter device, such that: the at least one measuring tube performs a first useful vibration, i.e. a forced mechanical vibration with a first useful frequency, i.e. a vibration frequency corresponding to the first signal frequency (of the first electrical drive signal), and with a first useful amplitude, i.e. a vibration amplitude corresponding to the first signal amplitude (of the first electrical drive signal), -- and the first vibration measurement signal (s1) has a first phase angle ( ), and the second vibration measurement signal (s2) has a second phase angle ( ), - and wherein the drive electronics (Exc) is configured to generate in a second operating mode (II) a second electrical drive signal (e2) having a second signal frequency and in particular a constant second signal amplitude, the second signal frequency being in particular constant and / or corresponding to a momentary resonance frequency of a natural vibration mode intrinsic to the measuring transducer and / or corresponding to the first signal frequency, and the second signal amplitude deviating from the first signal amplitude by in particular not less than 10% of the first signal amplitude, in particular a second (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a second (signal) current amplitude, and thereby feed electrical power to the exciter device, such that - the at least one measuring tube performs a second useful vibration, i.e. a forced mechanical vibration with a second useful frequency, i.e. a vibration frequency corresponding to the second signal frequency (of the second electrical drive signal), and with a second useful amplitude, i.e. a vibration amplitude corresponding to the second signal amplitude (of the second electrical drive signal) -- and the first vibration measurement signal (s1) has a third phase angle ( ), and the second vibration measurement signal (s2) has a fourth phase angle ( ); - wherein the measurement and control electronics (DSV) is configured to control the drive electronics such that - the drive electronics (Exc) is operated in the first operating mode at least intermittently, in particular temporarily and / or up to a value longer than the inverse of the first useful frequency and / or for a duration in each case longer than 10 ms, and the at least one measuring tube (when the drive electronics is operated in the first operating mode) performs a first (useful) oscillation at least during a first measuring interval, in particular corresponding to a value greater than the inverse of the first useful frequency and / or for a duration longer than 10 ms, - and the drive electronics (Exc) is operated at least intermittently in the second operating mode, in particular temporarily and / or for a period longer than the inverse of the second useful frequency and / or for a period longer than 10 ms in each case, and / or switches intermittently to the first operating mode, and the at least one measuring tube (when the drive electronics is operated in the second operating mode) performs a second (useful) oscillation at least during a second measuring interval, which in particular corresponds to a period greater than the inverse of the second useful frequency and / or lasts longer than 10 ms; - and wherein the measuring and control electronics is configured to receive and evaluate the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal, in particular, -- to determine one or more, in particular digital, mass flow rate measurement values ​​based on at least one or more first vibration measurement signals and second vibration measurement signals received during at least one or more first measurement intervals ( ), i.e., a measured value representing the mass flow rate (of the measured material carried in the at least one measuring tube), - and determining, based on the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals and the second measurement intervals, respectively, representing one or more, in particular digital, phase error measurement values ​​( ), specifically, --- (measured) deviation, in particular absolute or relative, of one or more first phase angles (of the first vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals) and one or more third phase angles (of the first vibration measurement signal received during the one or more second measurement intervals) --- and / or a (measured) deviation, in particular absolute or relative, of one or more second phase angles (of the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals) from one or more fourth phase angles (of the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more second measurement intervals) --- and / or one or more first phase differences of the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during one or more first measurement intervals ( ) and one or more second phase differences ( ), in particular absolute and / or relative (measurement) deviation.

2. The measuring system according to claim 1, - in, The measurement and control electronics are configured to use one or more phase error measurements ( ) to determine one or more mass flow rate measurements ( ), in particular such that the measurement and control electronics is configured to use one or more phase error measurements ( ) to determine at least one correction value for reducing or compensating for a phase error included in the first phase difference (of the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during one or more first measurement intervals) and in determining the mass flow rate measurement value ( ), or is configured to use the at least one correction value to calculate the mass flow rate measurement value ( ); and / or - wherein the measurement and control electronics is configured to use a plurality of phase error measurements ( ) to calculate one or more characteristic values ​​of at least one statistical (measurement system) characteristic value, in particular comprising a plurality of phase error measurements ( ), in particular such that one or more eigenvalues ​​quantify the phase error measurement value ( ) and / or one or more eigenvalues ​​quantifying the phase error measurement value ( ) is the dispersion parameter.

3. The measuring system according to claim 1, - in, One or more phase error measurements ( ) represents, in particular quantifies, one or more first phase angles ( ) and one or more second phase angles ( ), in particular the mode, median, (empirical) mean of the (measurement) deviations; and / or - where one or more phase error measurements ( ) represents, in particular quantifies, one or more second phase angles ( ) and one or more fourth phase angles ( ), in particular the mode, median, (empirical) mean of the (measurement) deviations; and / or - where one or more phase error measurements ( ) represents, in particular quantifies, one or more first phase differences ( ) and one or more second phase differences ( ), in particular the mode, median, (empirical) mean of the (measurement) deviations; and / or - where one or more phase error measurements ( ) represents, in particular quantifies, one or more first phase angles ( ) and one or more third phase angles ( ), in particular the (empirical) variance, the (empirical) standard deviation or the range; and / or - where one or more phase error measurements ( ) represents, in particular quantifies, one or more second phase angles ( ) and one or more fourth phase angles ( ), in particular the (empirical) variance, the (empirical) standard deviation or the range; and / or - where one or more phase error measurements ( ) represents, in particular quantifies, one or more first phase differences ( ) and one or more second phase differences ( ), in particular the (empirical) variance, the (empirical) standard deviation or the range.

4. The measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, - in, The measurement and control electronics are configured to determine one or more phase error measurements ( ) and at least one phase error reference value, in particular representing a phase error measurement value determined under reference conditions and / or during a (re)calibration of the measuring system ( ) of the phase error reference value; and / or - wherein the measurement and control electronics is configured to convert one or more phase error measurements ( ) and at least one phase error threshold, in particular specific to the measuring system and / or representing a maximum permissible phase error measurement value ( ) or a phase error threshold value of an error in the measurement system and / or the measurement material, and in particular is configured to compare if one or more phase error measurement values ​​( ) has exceeded at least one phase error threshold, an (error) message is output.

5. A measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The measurement and control electronics are configured to also measure one or more mass flow rate measurements based on the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more second measurement intervals. ).

6. A measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The measuring and control electronics is configured to determine one or more, in particular digital, (first) phase angle measurement values ​​( ) representing the first phase angle (of the first vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals) based on the first vibration measurement signals received during the one or more first measurement intervals. ).

7. A measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The measuring and control electronics is configured to determine one or more, in particular digital, (second) phase angle measurement values ​​(i) representing the second phase angle (of the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals) based on the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more first measurement intervals. ).

8. A measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The measuring and control electronics is configured to determine one or more, in particular digital, (third) phase angle measurement values ​​(representative of the third phase angle (of the first vibration measurement signal received during the one or more second measurement intervals) based on the first vibration measurement signals received during the one or more second measurement intervals. ).

9. A measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The measuring and control electronics is configured to determine one or more, in particular digital, (fourth) phase angle measurement values ​​( ) representing the fourth phase angle (of the second vibration measurement signal received during the one or more second measurement intervals) based on the second vibration measurement signals received during the one or more second measurement intervals. ).

10. A measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The measuring and control electronics is configured to determine one or more, in particular digital, (first) phase difference measurement values ​​( ), i.e. a measurement value representing the (first) phase difference between the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal (received during one or more first measurement intervals).

11. The measuring system according to the preceding claim, wherein The measurement and control electronics are configured to use one or more first phase difference measurements ( ) to determine one or more mass flow rate measurements ( ).

12. A measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The measuring and control electronics is configured to determine one or more, in particular digital, (second) phase difference measurement values ​​( ), i.e. a measurement value representing a (second) phase difference between the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal (received during one or more second measurement intervals).

13. The measuring system according to the preceding claim, wherein The measurement and control electronics are configured to use one or more second phase difference measurements ( ) to determine one or more mass flow rate measurements ( ).

14. The measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, - in, the transformer circuit, in particular its measuring and control electronics, being configured to generate a message, in particular to output the message by means of a control signal and / or to send the message to a display element of the measuring system, in particular when the drive electronics are operated in the first operating mode or before switching the drive electronics from the first operating mode to the second operating mode, which message indicates or causes the mass flow of the measured material guided in the at least one measuring tube to be set to a constant (mass flow rate) value, in particular a zero (mass flow rate) value; and / or - wherein the transformer circuit, in particular its measuring and control electronics, is configured to automatically effect, in particular multiple changes of the drive electronics from the first operating mode to the second operating mode and vice versa, in particular in a time-controlled and / or event-controlled manner and / or based on a (start) command applied to the transformer circuit, in particular through the mass flow rate of the measured material guided in the at least one measuring tube being constant or zero and / or a message triggered thereby.

15. The measurement system according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: Display element (HMI1).

16. The measuring system according to the preceding claim, - in, The transformer circuit is configured to generate a control signal for the display element (HMI1) and is configured to output the control signal to the display element (HMI1); and / or - in, The display element (HMI1) is configured to receive and process one or more control signals from the transformer circuit, in particular to display one or more messages sent by means of the one or more control signals.

17. The measurement system according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: Operating element (HMI2).

18. The measuring system according to the preceding claim, - in, the operating element (HMI2) being configured to convert one or more manual inputs into one or more control signals, in particular containing one or more (control) commands for the transformer circuit, and to send the control signals to the transformer circuit; and / or - wherein the transformer circuit is configured to receive one or more control signals, in particular containing one or more (control) commands, from the operating element (HMI2) and to process the one or more control signals, in particular to execute the one or more (control) commands sent by means of the one or more control signals.

19. The measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, - in, The sensor device for detecting mechanical vibrations of the at least one measuring tube comprises a first vibration sensor (51) and a second vibration sensor (52), the first vibration sensor (51) providing - in particular electrically and / or on the inlet side - the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration sensor (52) providing - in particular electrically and / or on the outlet side - the second vibration measurement signal, and / or the second vibration sensor (52) being identical in its design to the first vibration sensor and in particular having no further vibration sensors besides the first vibration sensor and the second vibration sensor; and / or - Among them, for The exciter device for exciting the vibrations of the at least one measuring tube has an in particular electric and / or single first vibration exciter (41); and / or - wherein said drive electronics are electrically connected to said actuator means; and / or - wherein the measurement and control electronics are electrically coupled to the sensor device; and / or - wherein the measuring and control electronics has a first analog-to-digital converter for the first vibration measurement signal and a second analog-to-digital converter for the second vibration measurement signal.

20. The measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, - in, The first signal frequency and the second signal frequency each correspond to an instantaneous resonance frequency of the same (natural) vibration mode of the measuring transducer, in particular the first-order (bending) vibration mode (f1 mode), wherein the at least one measuring tube is capable of or does perform (bending) vibrations with a single vibration trough about an imaginary vibration axis connecting two vibration nodes of the same (bending) vibration; and / or - wherein the drive electronics (Exc) are configured to set the second signal frequency equal to the first signal frequency or to keep it set equal to the first signal frequency at least immediately after the drive electronics changes from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; and / or - wherein the drive electronics (Exc) is configured to set the second signal amplitude such that it deviates from the first signal amplitude by no less than 10% of the first signal amplitude, in particular such that the second signal amplitude is less than 80% of the first signal amplitude; and / or - wherein the drive electronics are configured to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode, wherein the drive electronics switches the drive signal from the first signal amplitude to the second signal amplitude, in particular abruptly; and / or - wherein the drive electronics are configured to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode, wherein the drive electronics switches the drive signal from the second signal amplitude to the first signal amplitude, in particular abruptly; and / or - wherein the drive electronics is configured to operate intermittently, in particular in an alternating manner, in the first operating mode or in the second operating mode; and / or - wherein the drive electronics are configured to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode and back to the first operating mode in a clock-controlled or time-controlled manner.

21. The measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, - in, The drive electronics (Exc) are configured to generate a third electrical drive signal (e3) in a third operating mode (III), the third electrical drive signal having a third signal frequency and a third signal amplitude, the third signal frequency being in particular constant and / or corresponding to the instantaneous resonance frequency of the measuring transducer and / or corresponding to the first signal frequency and / or the second signal frequency, and the third signal amplitude being in particular constant and deviating from the first signal amplitude in particular by not less than 10% of the first signal amplitude and from the second signal amplitude in particular by not less than 10% of the second signal amplitude, in particular a third (signal) voltage amplitude and / or a third (signal) current amplitude, and thus feed electrical power to the exciter device, such that - the at least one measuring tube performs a third useful vibration, i.e. a forced mechanical vibration with a third useful frequency, i.e. a vibration frequency corresponding to the third signal frequency of the electrical drive signal, and with a third useful amplitude, i.e. a vibration amplitude corresponding to the third signal amplitude of the electrical drive signal, -- and the first vibration measurement signal (s1) has a fifth phase angle ( ), and the second vibration measurement signal (s2) has a sixth phase angle; - and wherein the measuring and control electronics (DSV) is configured to control the drive electronics such that the drive electronics operate in the third operating mode at least intermittently, in particular temporarily and / or for a time longer than the inverse of the third useful frequency and / or in each case longer than 10 ms, and the at least one measuring tube (in the case of operation of the drive electronics in the first operating mode) performs a third (useful) oscillation at least during a third measuring interval, in particular corresponding to a value greater than the inverse of the useful frequency and / or for a time longer than 10 ms.

22. The measuring system according to the preceding claim, - in, The measuring and control electronics is configured to determine one or more, in particular digital, mass flow rate measurement values ​​based on the first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more third measurement intervals. ); and / or - wherein the measurement and control electronics is configured to determine one or more phase error measurement values ​​based on first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more first and third measurement intervals and / or during one or more second and third measurement intervals ( ); and / or - wherein the deviation between the amplitude of the third signal and the amplitude of the first signal is not less than 10% of the amplitude of the first signal, in particular, the amplitude of the third signal is greater than 120% of the amplitude of the first signal.

23. The measuring system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein The drive electronics (Exc) are configured to suspend the generation of the electrical drive signal in a fourth operating mode (IV), such that during this time the drive electronics (Exc) do not feed electrical power to the actuator device.

24. The measuring system according to the preceding claim, wherein The measuring and control electronics (DSV) are arranged to control the drive electronics such that the drive electronics changes from at least one of the first operating mode and the second operating mode to the fourth operating mode (IV), whereby the at least one measuring tube (when the drive electronics is operated in the fourth operating mode) performs a free damped vibration at least during a fourth measuring interval, the fourth measuring interval in particular corresponding to a value greater than the inverse value of the first useful frequency and / or the second useful frequency and / or lasting longer than 10 ms and / or less than 1 s, and the first vibration measurement signal (s1) has a seventh phase angle ( ), and the second vibration measurement signal (s2) has an eighth phase angle ( ).

25. The measuring system according to the preceding claim, - in, The measuring and control electronics (DSV) are configured to control the drive electronics such that the drive electronics operate in the first operating mode (I) or in the fourth operating mode (IV) in an alternating manner; and / or - wherein the measuring and control electronics (DSV) is configured to control the drive electronics such that the drive electronics operates in the second operating mode (I) or in the fourth operating mode (IV) in an alternating manner; and / or - wherein the measurement and control electronics is configured to determine one or more phase error measurement values ​​based on first and second vibration measurement signals received during one or more first and fourth measurement intervals and / or during one or more second and fourth measurement intervals ( ); and / or - wherein the measurement and control electronics is configured to determine one or more mass flow rate measurement values ​​based on the first vibration measurement signal and the second vibration measurement signal received during one or more fourth measurement intervals.

26. Use of a measuring system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring system is used to measure and / or monitor a fluid material to be measured, in particular a gas, a liquid or a dispersion, wherein the fluid material to be measured flows at least intermittently in a pipeline, in particular flows at least intermittently unevenly and / or at least intermittently in two or more phases in the pipeline.

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