Method for producing functional substrate, functional substrate, secondary battery, positive electrode material, and device for producing functional substrate

Abstract

Provided are a method for manufacturing a functional base material, and the like. The method for producing a functional substrate comprises: a step (S21) in which a reducing gas is brought into contact with a substrate having a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal as a main component; and bringing a carbonization gas into contact with the substrate that has been brought into contact with the reduction gas (S22). The compound is, for example, lithium iron phosphate. The base material is, for example, a powdery or granular material having an average particle diameter of 500 [mu] m or less. The gas for reduction is, for example, hydrogen, and the gas for carbonization is, for example, a lower hydrocarbon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a functional substrate, a functional substrate, a secondary battery, a positive electrode material and a functional substrate manufacturing device. Background Art

[0002] There are reaction devices for producing a desired product by applying a predetermined atmosphere to a processing material in the form of powder or particles. For example, generally speaking, a reaction device called a rotary kiln produces a desired product by heating a hollow reaction container that rotates around a central axis and passing the material through the reaction container while rolling the material. In addition, for example, a reaction device called a roller hearth kiln produces a desired product by passing a processing material or a workpiece through a tunnel-type reaction container. Various other reaction devices have also been developed.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a reaction device as described below. The reaction device includes a screw feeder body that becomes a pressure reaction vessel, a catalyst supply portion that introduces a catalyst into the screw feeder body, and a low-level hydrocarbon supply portion that introduces a low-level hydrocarbon into the screw feeder body. In addition, the reaction device includes a screw that transports the generated nanocarbon, a solid delivery portion that delivers the catalyst and nanocarbon delivered by the screw, and a gas delivery portion that delivers the generated hydrogen to the outside of the feeder body.

[0004] In view of this, the inventors of this case studied a method for manufacturing a functional substrate. The functional substrate is a substrate having a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal (such as lithium iron phosphate) as a main component and including nanocarbon (such as one or more carbon nanotubes) grown from the surface of the substrate.

[0005] Reference List

[0006] Patent Literature

[0007] Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. JP 2006-290682. Summary of the invention

[0008] Technical issues

[0009] However, in the reaction apparatus described in Patent Document 1, there is no mention of a method for producing a functional substrate or the like.

[0010] Other problems to be solved and novel features will become apparent from the description and accompanying drawings in this specification.

[0011] Solution to the problem

[0012] A method for producing a functional substrate according to an embodiment includes the steps of: bringing a reducing gas into contact with a substrate having a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal as main components; and bringing a carbonization gas into contact with the substrate that has been in contact with the reducing gas.

[0013] Beneficial Effects of the Invention

[0014] According to the present disclosure, a method for producing a functional substrate, a functional substrate, a secondary battery, a positive electrode material, and an apparatus for producing a functional substrate can be provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a side view of a reaction device according to a first embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 is a block diagram of a reaction device according to a first embodiment;

[0017] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a process performed by a reaction device;

[0018] Figure 4 is a side view of a reaction device according to a second embodiment;

[0019] Figure 5 is a side view of a reaction apparatus according to a third embodiment; and

[0020] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of a lithium ion battery (an example of a secondary battery according to the present disclosure). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention set forth in the claims is not limited to the following embodiments. In addition, not all components described in the embodiments are necessary as solutions to the problem. In the following description and drawings, for the sake of clarity, omissions and deletions are made where appropriate. In each of the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted as needed.

[0022] <First Embodiment (Reference Example)>

[0023] Will refer to Figure 1 A main structure of a reaction apparatus according to the first embodiment (reference example) will be described. Figure 1 1 is a side view of the reaction device 10 according to the first embodiment. For ease of understanding, the reaction device 10 shown in the figure is partially cut away.

[0024] The reaction device 10 is a device for producing a product by subjecting a treatment material in the form of powder or particles to predetermined physical stimulation and other conditions. The reaction device 10 includes: a cylindrical reaction vessel 100; a treatment material supply section (supply port 101) that supplies the treatment material R10 to the reaction vessel 100; a conveying device (screw 120) that conveys the treatment material R10 supplied to the reaction vessel 100 from the supply section side of the reaction vessel 100 to the delivery section side of the reaction vessel 100; a fluid supply section (first fluid inlet 131, first fluid outlet 132, first valve 134, etc.) that supplies a fluid for contacting the transported treatment material into the reaction vessel 100; and a temperature control section (temperature control area 110, etc.) that controls the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 at the axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled in each area different from each other in the direction of the reaction vessel 100. There is no particular limitation on the physical stimulus as long as the physical stimulus is a means used in the process of turning the treated material into a product, and an example of the physical stimulus is temperature change, such as heating or cooling. Another example of the physical stimulus is stress transfer, such as stirring, mixing, kneading or crushing. Another example of the physical stimulus is a reaction involving the transfer of electrons and free radicals. Another example of the physical stimulus is contact with a catalyst.

[0025] In the reaction vessel 100, since the processing material R10 supplied to the supply port 101 side of the reaction vessel 100 is transported to the delivery port 102 side of the reaction vessel 100 and heated, a predetermined fluid for contacting the transported processing material R10 is supplied to the reaction vessel 100, so the processing material R10 (processing material) will be continuously processed at a predetermined temperature. The processing material may be a solid, a fluid, or a mixture of the two. In order to transport the processing material while stirring the processing material, etc., the reaction vessel 100 itself may be rotatable, or a rotatable screw 120 may be provided in the reaction vessel 100.

[0026] In the reaction device 10, the number and structure of the reaction container 100 are not limited. For example, the reaction container 100 may be composed of two or more reaction containers arranged in series or in parallel. In this case, each reaction container may include a processing material supply unit, a product delivery unit, a driving device, a conveying device, a temperature control unit, a fluid supply unit, etc.

[0027] Although there is no particular restriction on the type and state of the processing material, the processing material may be: an inorganic substance, such as a metal oxide or metal sulfide containing lithium as one of its components; or an organic substance, such as a hydrocarbon. The processing material may be a solid, such as a powdered or granular material, or may be a fluid, such as a liquid or a gas. In addition, the processing material may be converted into a product via an intermediate. The form and state of the intermediate are not particularly limited. For example, when two or more reactions are to be performed in stages, the intermediate may be the product in each reaction. In this case, for example, the intermediate is an anhydrous compound formed by heating a hydrated compound. Alternatively, the intermediate is a sintered material in which at least a portion of the processing material has been subjected to grain growth or sintering. The intermediate is a state in which at least a portion of the processing material is liquefied or gasified. The intermediate may be in a form or state different from the above-mentioned form or state.

[0028] In addition, the type and state of the product are not particularly limited, and the product may be a solid, such as a powdery or granular material, or may be a fluid, such as a liquid or a gas. The product may be a mixture, which contains a composition other than the processing material, such as a catalyst or a transport auxiliary composition. The product may be a mixture of two or more compounds, such as a main product and a byproduct.

[0029] In addition, although the shape and size of the processing material and the product are not particularly limited, when the shape is a block, the diagonal length is preferably in the range of 0.01 mm to 50 mm, and more preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 20 mm. In addition, when the shape of the processing material or the product is a block, the ratio of the diagonal length (aspect ratio) is preferably 1-10, and more preferably 1.3-1.8.

[0030] The reaction device 10 mainly includes a reaction container 100 , a temperature control zone 110 , a screw 120 , a first fluid control zone 130 , and a second fluid control zone 140 .

[0031] For example, the reaction vessel 100 is a cylindrical body having a cylindrical shape, and includes a supply port 101 for receiving the supplied treatment material and a delivery port 102 for the product. The supply port 101 is an example of a treatment material supply unit according to the present disclosure. In addition, the reaction vessel 100 includes an intermediate portion between the supply port (supply port 101) side and the delivery port (delivery port 102) side. The shape and configuration of the reaction vessel 100 are not particularly limited. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the reaction vessel 100 may be circular or elliptical, polygonal (such as a quadrilateral) or other shapes. For example, the reaction vessel 100 may be composed of one component, or two or more components may be connected to each other. When two or more components are connected to each other, for example, a fastening device such as a bolt may be used at the position where the components are connected to each other. The reaction vessel 100 is formed of a material that can withstand temperature changes that occur when the product is manufactured in the furnace and withstand contact with a substance (such as a treatment material) supplied to the furnace or a substance (such as a product) produced in the furnace. For example, the reaction vessel 100 and the screw 120 may be formed of alloys, ceramics, carbon, and composite materials containing two or more of these materials. An alloy is a metal member containing at least one of the following alloying elements as a component: nickel, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, tantalum, titanium, iron, copper, aluminum, silicon, boron, carbon, etc. A ceramic is a ceramic member, which is: an oxide such as aluminum oxide or zirconium oxide; a carbide such as silicon carbide or titanium carbide; a nitride such as silicon nitride or titanium nitride; or a boride such as chromium boride. In addition, carbon is a carbon member such as crystalline graphite or fiber-reinforced graphite.

[0032] Figure 1 The reaction device 10 shown is placed horizontally and has a supply port 101 at the upper left end and a delivery port 102 at the lower right end. Figure 1 The reaction vessel 100 shown receives the processing material R10 from the supply port 101. By rotating the screw 120 provided in the reaction vessel 100, the reaction device 10 causes the processing material R10 received by the reaction vessel 100 to pass through the middle portion A3 from the supply port 101 side of the reaction vessel 100, and transports the processing material R10 to the delivery port 102 side of the reaction vessel 100. By causing the processing material R10 to pass through the middle portion A3 of the reaction vessel 100, the reaction device 10 produces a product R11 from the processing material R10. In addition, the reaction vessel 100 delivers the produced product R11 from the delivery port 102.

[0033] The temperature control area 110 includes a temperature control device, or in other words, a heating device or a cooling device, and controls the temperature of the reaction container at a predetermined position in the middle portion A3 between the supply port 101 and the delivery port 102. The temperature control area 110 and the like are examples of a temperature control section according to the present disclosure. Figure 1The temperature control zone 110 shown includes a heating device so as to surround the cylindrical reaction vessel 100 in the middle portion A3 of the reaction vessel 100. For example, the heating device includes any heater capable of controlling temperature, such as a sheath heater, a coil heater, or a ceramic heater. For example, the heating device performs heating in a range from room temperature to about 900 degrees. In addition, the temperature control zone 110 may be a temperature control zone along the axis AX of the screw 120 described later. 120 The temperature control area 110 can set different temperatures in each area in the middle portion A3 of the reaction container 100. For example, the temperature control area 110 can control the temperature of the treatment material R10 applied in the first fluid control area 130 and the second fluid control area 140 described later.

[0034] In addition, the temperature control area 110 may include a control device for controlling the heating device or the cooling device. For example, the temperature control area 110 may include a thermometer for monitoring the temperature at a predetermined position of the reaction vessel 100. In addition, for example, when the heating device has a principle of heating by passing an electric current, the reaction vessel 100 can be temperature controlled by monitoring the flow value.

[0035] For example, the temperature control area 110 may be designed to perform heating or cooling by circulating water or oil. For example, the temperature control area 110 may be designed to perform cooling using a Peltier element or the like. Due to the above design, the temperature control area 110 may be arranged along the axis AX of the screw 120 in the reaction vessel 100. 120 The direction of the temperature distribution can be set.

[0036] As described above, the temperature control zone 110 may be directed to the axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The temperature of the reaction container 100 (middle portion A3) is controlled in different regions in the direction of rotation.

[0037] Since the screw 120 extends from the supply port 101 side of the reaction container 100 to the delivery port 102 side, the screw 120 rotates so as to be able to transport the processing material R10 supplied from the supply port 101 toward the delivery port 102. Figure 1 In the screw 120 shown in the figure, a spiral convex portion 121 is formed around an axis extending in the left-right direction. Since the convex portion 121 rotates while contacting the processing material R10, the screw 120 moves the processing material R10 from Figure 1The conveying device according to the present disclosure is not limited in its shape or conveying method, as long as the conveying device can convey the processed materials and the product. The conveying device can be a screw arranged inside the reaction vessel 100 so as to extend from the supply port 101 side of the reaction vessel 100 to the delivery port 102 side, or the conveying device can be a drum wheel arranged inside the reaction vessel 100 so as to extend from the supply port 101 side of the reaction vessel 100 to the delivery port 102 side. The conveying device can be a belt conveyor arranged inside the reaction vessel 100 so as to extend from the supply port 101 side of the reaction vessel 100 to the delivery port 102 side. The conveying device can be a blast device arranged inside the reaction vessel 100. The conveying device can be a vibration generating device arranged inside the reaction vessel 100. The conveying device can be a device other than the above.

[0038] The size of the delivery device is not particularly limited, and for example, the delivery device may be shorter than the total length of the reaction vessel 100. Although the material forming the delivery device is not particularly limited, the delivery device is desirably formed of a material that can withstand temperature changes that occur when a product is produced and that can withstand contact with a substance supplied to the container, as with the reaction vessel 100. For example, the delivery device may be formed of an alloy, ceramic, carbon, and a composite material containing two or more of these materials.

[0039] Notice, Figure 1 The shape of the convex portion 121 shown is an example, and the shape of the convex portion 121 is not limited thereto. The convex portion 121 may have different shapes for each region of the reaction vessel 100. More specifically, for example, the pitch of the spiral of the convex portion 121 may be changed. In addition, the spiral shape of the convex portion 121 may have two threads instead of one. In addition, the convex portion 121 may have a portion that is not a spiral. Therefore, the reaction device 10 can set the moving speed, moving behavior, etc. of the object present in the reaction vessel 100 for each region. More specifically, for example, the reaction device 10 conveys, stirs, mixes, kneads or crushes the object in the reaction vessel 100.

[0040] The screw 120 is axially supported at both ends A1 and A2 of the reaction container 100. Figure 1The screw 120 shown is connected (coupled) to a drive device 150 at one end side B1. The drive device 150 is an example of a drive device according to the present disclosure. The drive device 150 includes a motor 151 disposed at one end side A1 of the reaction vessel 100 and a reducer 152 disposed between the motor 151 and one end side A1 of the reaction vessel 100. The reducer 152 has an input shaft coupled to the rotating shaft of the motor 151 and an output shaft coupled to one end side B1 of the screw 120, and the screw 120 is rotated by decelerating the rotation of the rotating shaft of the motor 151 and transmitting the decelerated rotation to the screw 120. The drive device 150 may be designed to make the rotation speed of the screw 120 variable. In this case, the drive device 150 may be a motor with a variable speed, or a combination of a motor with a constant speed and a reducer with a variable reduction ratio.

[0041] The first fluid control area 130 includes a first fluid inlet 131 and a first fluid outlet 132, which are used to allow the first fluid to pass through the reaction vessel 100 in a predetermined area in the middle part A3. In the reaction vessel 100, the first fluid control area 130 is arranged between the supply port 101 and the second fluid control area 140. The first fluid inlet 131 is connected to the first fluid supply pipe 133, and supplies the first fluid supplied from the first fluid supply pipe 133 to the reaction vessel 100. The first fluid supply pipe 133 includes a first valve 134 for adjusting the flow rate of the first fluid. The first fluid outlet 132 is a hole for discharging the fluid in the first fluid control area 130 to the outside of the reaction vessel 100.

[0042] According to the above design, the reaction device 10 reacts the treatment material R10 with the first fluid in the first fluid control area 130 and produces an intermediate. In addition, the reaction device 10 discharges the reacted fluid outside the first fluid control area 130. In addition, by conveying the treatment material R10 or the product while the screw 120 rotates, and also contacting the first fluid with the treatment material R10 or the product, the reaction device 10 can accelerate the reaction based on the first fluid. Note that the state or form of the first fluid is not limited as long as the first fluid has fluidity. In other words, the first fluid can be a gas, a liquid or a slurry, in which a powdery or granular material or the like is dispersed in a liquid. The first fluid can be composed of one component or more than two components.

[0043] The second fluid control area 140 includes a second fluid inlet 141 and a second fluid outlet 142 for passing the second fluid through an area different from the first fluid control area 130 in the middle portion A3. In other words, the second fluid control area 140 may have an equivalent design to the first fluid control area 130 in an area different from the first fluid control area 130.

[0044] In the reaction vessel 100, the second fluid control area 140 is arranged between the first fluid control area 130 and the delivery port 102. The second fluid inlet 141 is connected to the second fluid supply pipe 143, and supplies the second fluid supplied from the second fluid supply pipe 143 to the reaction vessel 100. The second fluid supply pipe 143 includes a second valve 144 for adjusting the flow rate of the second fluid. The second fluid outlet 142 is a hole for discharging the fluid in the second fluid control area 140 to the outside of the reaction vessel 100.

[0045] According to the above design, the reaction device 10 reacts the intermediate after passing through the first fluid control area 130 with the second fluid in the second fluid control area 140 and produces a product R11. In addition, the reaction device 10 discharges the reacted fluid outside the second fluid control area 140. Note that the state or form of the second fluid is not limited as long as the second fluid has fluidity. In other words, the first fluid can be a gas, a liquid or a slurry, in which a powdery or granular material is dispersed in a liquid. The first fluid can be composed of one component or two or more components.

[0046] Although the design of the reaction device 10 has been described above, the reaction device 10 according to the first embodiment is not limited to the above design. For example, only one or more screws 120 are required, and there may be more than two screws 120. In other words, the reaction device 10 may include a plurality of screws 120 arranged in parallel with each other.

[0047] The cross-sectional shape of the plane orthogonal to the axis of the screw 120 of the reaction vessel 100 may have a combination defined by a Reuleaux constant width figure. In this case, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 121 of the screw 120 has a shape combining a plurality of arcs, and the plurality of arcs correspond to the Reuleaux constant width figure. For example, when the cross-sectional shape in the reaction vessel 100 is circular, the cross-sectional shape of the screw 120 has a Reuleaux constant width figure consisting of three arcs.

[0048] The reaction vessel 100 is not limited to being placed parallel to the horizontal direction, and may have a predetermined angle relative to the horizontal plane, and the reaction vessel 100 may have an inclined surface. Although the reaction device 10 includes a first fluid control area 130 and a second fluid control area 140 in the middle portion A3, the reaction device 10 may also be designed to allow other fluids to pass through. In other words, the reaction device 10 may include more than three fluid control areas. Note that the above-mentioned reaction device 10 is controlled by a control device described later.

[0049] Next, we will refer to Figure 2 The function of the reaction device 10 will be described. Figure 2 is a block diagram of the reaction device 10 according to the first embodiment. Figure 1In addition to the components shown, the reaction device 10 includes a control device 200 , a temperature control device 210 , a first fluid control device 230 , a second fluid control device 240 , and an information input / output section 250 .

[0050] The control device 200 is a circuit board including a computing unit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MCU (Microcontroller Unit). The control device 200 is communicably connected to each of the temperature control device 210, the first fluid control device 230, the second fluid control device 240, and the information input / output section 250, and controls each component. The control device 200 realizes its functions through hardware and software mounted on the circuit board.

[0051] The control device 200 includes, as main functional components, an overall control section 201, a temperature control section 202, a screw rotation control section 203, a first fluid control section 204, a second fluid control section 205, an IF control section 206, and a storage section 207. The functional components included in the control device 200 may be integrated or discrete. In addition, the functional components included in the control device 200 may be implemented by a plurality of separate devices working together.

[0052] The overall control unit 201 is connected to each functional component of the control device 200 and controls the overall operation of the functions. For example, the overall control unit 201 may perform operations according to the temperature state provided from the temperature control unit 202, such as issuing an operation instruction to the screw rotation control unit 203.

[0053] The temperature control part 202 is connected to the temperature control device 210 and controls the temperature of the reaction container 100 in the temperature control area 110. The temperature control part 202 includes at least one of a heating device and a cooling device. In addition, the temperature control part 202 may include one or more thermometers for temperature control.

[0054] The screw rotation control part 203 is connected to the driving device 150 and controls the operation of the driving device 150. The screw rotation control part 203 may include a motor driving circuit for driving, for example, a motor (motor 151) included in the driving device 150. In addition, the screw rotation control part 203 may include a rotation sensor for monitoring the rotation speed of the motor (motor 151).

[0055] The first fluid control section 204 controls the flow of the first fluid in the first fluid control area 130. More specifically, the first fluid control section 204 is connected to the first fluid control device 230 and controls the operation of the first fluid control device 230. The first fluid control device 230 includes a first valve 134 for pressurizing the first fluid. The second fluid control section 205 controls the flow of the second fluid in the second fluid control area 140. More specifically, the second fluid control section 205 is connected to the second fluid control device 240 and controls the operation of the second fluid control device 240. The second fluid control device 240 includes a second valve 144 for pressurizing the second fluid.

[0056] The IF control section 206 (IF stands for Interface) is an interface connected to the information input / output section 250 and used to exchange information with the user via the information input / output section 250. In other words, the IF control section 206 receives an operation from the user via the information input / output section 250, and appropriately provides information related to the received operation to each component of the control device 200. In addition, the IF control section 206 controls the state of the display section included in the information input / output section 250.

[0057] The storage unit 207 is a storage device including a non-volatile memory such as a flash memory or an SSD (Solid State Drive). The storage unit 207 stores a program that enables the reaction device 10 to realize the functions according to the present disclosure. In addition, the storage unit 207 includes a volatile memory and temporarily stores predetermined information when the control device 200 is running. For example, the information input / output unit 250 includes a button, a switch, a touch panel, etc. for receiving an operation from a user. In addition, the information input / output unit 250 includes a display device, etc. for presenting information to the user.

[0058] This completes the description of the functional blocks of the reaction device 10. Due to the above design, the reaction device 10 uses the screw 120 to convey the received processing material R10, controls the temperature of the reaction container 100, and controls the atmosphere in the first fluid control area 130 and the second fluid control area 140.

[0059] Next, we will refer to Figure 3 A method for producing a product (product production method) performed by the reaction apparatus 10 will be described. Figure 3 is a flowchart of the process performed by the reaction device 10. For example, when the reaction device 10 starts to be supplied with the processing material R10, Figure 3 Flowchart shown.

[0060] First, the reaction apparatus 10 receives a predetermined processing material R10 from the supply port 101 (step S11 ).

[0061] Next, the control device 200 of the reaction device 10 controls the temperature by driving the heating device or the cooling device of the temperature control area 110 of the reaction container 100 via the temperature control unit 202 (step S12 ).

[0062] Next, the control device 200 of the reaction device 10 drives the driving device 150 through the screw rotation control unit 203. Therefore, the driving device 150 rotates the screw 120. In addition, the screw 120 conveys the received processing material R10 toward the delivery port 102 (step S13).

[0063] Next, the control device 200 of the reaction device 10 controls the flow of the first fluid flowing through the first fluid control area 130 via the first fluid control unit 204 (step S14 ).

[0064] Next, the control device 200 of the reaction device 10 controls the flow of the second fluid flowing through the second fluid control area 140 via the second fluid control unit 205 (step S15 ).

[0065] Next, the reaction apparatus 10 delivers the product R11 having passed through the second fluid control region 140 from the delivery port 102 (step S16 ).

[0066] This completes the description of the reaction method performed by the reaction apparatus 10. The above method is shown along the flow from the reaction apparatus 10 processing the material R10 to produce the product R11 to the reaction apparatus 10 discharging the produced product R11. However, for example, the reaction apparatus 10 may perform the temperature control in step S12 before step S11. In addition, for example, the reaction apparatus 10 may start step S14 and step S15 at the same time.

[0067] This completes the description of the first embodiment (reference example). Although the above-mentioned reaction device 10 includes two fluid control areas (the first fluid control area 130 and the second fluid control area 140), the reaction device 10 may include one fluid control area or more than three fluid control areas. In addition, the reaction device 10 may include an axis AX along the screw 120. 120 The reaction device 10 makes the plurality of fluids contact with the processing material R10 received from the supply port 101 in the middle portion A3. In addition, the reaction device 10 moves along the axis AX of the screw 120 in the middle portion A3. 120The temperature control of the reaction vessel 100 is performed in the direction of. In addition, the reaction device 10 can transport the processing material, etc. while subjecting the processing material, etc. supplied to the reaction vessel 10 to a predetermined physical stimulus. In addition, in order to subject the processing material, etc. to a predetermined physical stimulus, the reaction device 10 can be designed so that a plurality of reaction devices 10 are connected in series or in parallel. The reaction device 10 can simultaneously and accurately perform the above-mentioned atmosphere control, temperature control and physical control. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, a reaction device, etc. for manufacturing a desired product in an effective manner can be provided.

[0068] <Second Embodiment>

[0069] Next, as a second embodiment, reference will be made to Figure 4 A reaction apparatus 10A for producing a functional base material (functional active material) will be described. Figure 4 1 is a side view of a reaction device according to the second embodiment. The reaction device 10A is described below, focusing on the differences from the reaction device 10 of the first embodiment (reference example). The same components as those of the reaction device 10 according to the first embodiment (reference example) will be represented by the same reference numerals, and the description of these components will be omitted when appropriate.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, the first fluid control area 130A is set to correspond to the upstream area in the middle part A3, and includes a reducing gas inlet 131A and a reducing gas outlet 132A, which is used to allow the reducing gas to pass through the reaction vessel 100 in the upstream area (first fluid control area 130A). In the present disclosure, upstream and downstream are defined as follows. At point A, it is any position along the route from the supply port 101 to the delivery port 102. The position close to the supply port 101 from point A will be defined as the upstream position, and the position close to the delivery port 102 from point A will be defined as the downstream position. In addition, the upstream side refers to the direction observed as upstream from point A, and the downstream side refers to the direction observed as downstream from point A. In the reaction vessel 100, the first fluid control area 130A is set between the supply port 101 and the second fluid control area 140A. The reducing gas inlet 131A is connected to the reducing gas supply pipe 133A, the reducing gas supply source is connected to the reducing gas supply pipe 133A, and the reducing gas supplied by the reducing gas supply pipe 133A is supplied to the reaction vessel 100. The reducing gas supply pipe 133A includes a first valve (not shown) for adjusting the flow rate of the reducing gas. The reducing gas outlet 132A is a hole for discharging the reducing gas of the first fluid control area 130A to the outside of the reaction vessel 100, and is connected to the reducing gas suction pipe 134A.

[0071] The second fluid control region 140A is provided to correspond to the downstream side region in the middle portion A3, and includes a carbonization gas inlet 141A and a carbonization gas outlet 142A for passing the carbonization gas through the reaction vessel 100 in the downstream side region (the second fluid control region 140A). In other words, the second fluid control region 140A may have the same configuration as the first fluid control region 130A in a region different from the first fluid control region 130A.

[0072] In the reaction vessel 100, the second fluid control region 140A is provided between the first fluid control region 130A and the delivery port 102. The carbonization gas inlet 141A is connected to the carbonization gas supply pipe 143A and supplies the carbonization gas supplied by the carbonization gas supply pipe 143A to the reaction vessel 100. The carbonization gas supply pipe 143A includes a second valve (not shown) for adjusting the flow rate of the carbonization gas. The carbonization gas outlet 142A is a hole for discharging the carbonization gas of the second fluid control region 140A to the outside of the reaction vessel 100, and is connected to the carbonization gas suction pipe 144A.

[0073] In addition, a reducing gas outlet 160 is provided between the first fluid control region 130A and the second fluid control region 140A. The reducing gas outlet 160 is a hole for discharging the reducing gas from the first fluid control region 130A and the reducing gas from the second fluid control region 140A to the outside of the reaction vessel 100, and is connected to a reducing gas suction pipe 161.

[0074] The reducing gas inlet 131A is an example of a reducing gas supply portion according to the present disclosure. In addition, the carbonizing gas inlet 141A is an example of a carbonizing gas supply portion according to the present disclosure.

[0075] Next, the route of the reducing gas will be described.

[0076] In the reaction device 10A of the above-described design, a portion of the reducing gas supplied from the reducing gas inlet 131A is sucked to the reducing gas outlet 132A side connected to the reducing gas suction pipe 134A, and is forcibly discharged to the outside of the reaction container 100 through the reducing gas outlet 132A and the reducing gas suction pipe 134A connected thereto. Therefore, a reducing gas flow from the reducing gas inlet 131A toward the reducing gas outlet 132A is generated in the first fluid control area 130A (see Figure 4 Arrow AR1 in the figure).

[0077] In addition, another part of the reducing gas supplied from the reducing gas inlet 131A is sucked to the reducing gas outlet 160 side connected to the reducing gas suction pipe 161, and is forcibly discharged to the outside of the reaction container 100 through the reducing gas outlet 160 and the reducing gas suction pipe 161 connected thereto. Therefore, a reducing gas flow from the reducing gas inlet 131A toward the reducing gas outlet 160 is generated in the first fluid control area 130A (see Figure 4 Arrow AR2 in the figure).

[0078] Since the temperature control area 110 heats the reaction vessel 100, the reducing gas flow (see Figure 4 The reducing gas flow controlled to a predetermined temperature contacts the treatment material (eg, LiFePO 4 ) passing through the first fluid control region 130A, as will be described later.

[0079] Next, the route of the carbonization gas will be described.

[0080] In the reaction device 10A of the above-described design, a portion of the carbonization gas supplied from the carbonization gas inlet 141A is sucked to the carbonization gas outlet 142A side connected to the carbonization gas suction pipe 144A, and is forcibly discharged to the outside of the reaction container 100 through the carbonization gas outlet 142A and the carbonization gas suction pipe 144A connected thereto. Therefore, a carbonization gas flow from the carbonization gas inlet 141A toward the carbonization gas outlet 142A is generated in the second fluid control area 140A (see Figure 4 Arrow AR3).

[0081] In addition, another part of the carbonizing gas supplied from the carbonizing gas inlet 141A is sucked to the reducing gas outlet 160 side connected to the reducing gas suction pipe 161, and is forcibly discharged to the outside of the reaction container 100 through the reducing gas outlet 160 and the reducing gas suction pipe 161 connected thereto. Therefore, a carbonizing gas flow from the carbonizing gas inlet 141A toward the reducing gas outlet 160 is generated in the second fluid control area 140A (see Figure 4 Arrow AR4).

[0082] Since the temperature control area 110 heats the reaction vessel 100, the carbonization gas flow (see Figure 4 In addition, the carbonization gas flow controlled to a predetermined temperature contacts the treatment material (e.g., LiFePO4 after performing a reduction process described later) passing through the second fluid control region 140A, which will be described later.

[0083] In addition, as will be described later, the reducing gas (hydrogen) generated in the carbonization process in the second fluid control area 140A is sucked to the reducing gas outlet 160 side connected to the reducing gas suction pipe 161, and is forcibly discharged to the outside of the reaction container 100 through the reducing gas outlet 160 and the reducing gas suction pipe 161 connected thereto. Therefore, a reducing gas flow (see FIG. 1 ) is generated from the carbonization gas inlet 141A toward the reducing gas outlet 160 in the second fluid control area 140A. Figure 4 The reducing gas exhausted from the reducing gas outlet 160 may be supplied again from the reducing gas inlet 131A to the reaction vessel 100 for reuse.

[0084] <Method for producing functional substrate>

[0085] Next, we will refer to Figure 4 A method for manufacturing a functional substrate using the above-mentioned reaction device 10A is described. The functional substrate is, for example, a substrate having a compound (e.g., lithium iron phosphate) containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal as a main component and including nanocarbon (e.g., one or more carbon nanotubes) grown from at least a portion of the surface of the substrate. In the present disclosure, the element type of the transition metal is not particularly limited, as long as the transition metal is an element belonging to a transition metal in the periodic table, or in other words, an element belonging to Groups 3 to 11 of the periodic table. For example, the transition metal may be iron, cobalt or nickel. The compound may contain one type of transition metal, or two or more types of transition metals. In other words, for example, the compound may contain a predetermined ratio of iron and nickel.

[0086] In addition, in the present disclosure, nanocarbon refers to a material mainly composed of carbon, the diameter or short side of which is 1000 nanometers or less. Examples of nanocarbon include carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphene, carbon black, and fullerene.

[0087] Hereinafter, a method for producing a functional substrate (C-LiFePO 4 ) as a functional substrate having lithium iron phosphate as a main component and including carbon nanotubes grown from the surface of the substrate will be described.

[0088] "C~" in C~LiFePO4 represents one or more carbon nanotubes grown from the surface of LiFePO4 (mainly the surface activated by the reduction step described later) (mainly grown by the carbonization step described later) (see Figure 4In other words, for convenience, the expression C~LiFePO4 is used in the description of the present disclosure to indicate a state in which carbon nanotubes have grown on the surface of a substrate with lithium iron phosphate as the main component. The shape, morphology, chemical composition, chemical composition and crystal structure of the substrate are not particularly limited, as long as nanocarbon can be produced on its surface. For example, the shape of the substrate may be spherical, blocky or plate-like. For example, the morphology of the substrate may be a powdery or granular material. For example, the substrate may have a morphology in which multiple substances are combined together. In addition, the substrate may have the same chemical composition or chemical composition as a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal. In other words, the substrate may be a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal. For example, the substrate may be LiFePO4.

[0089] First, the prerequisites for implementing the method for producing the functional substrate (C-LiFePO4) will be described.

[0090] In the following, as a processing material, a substrate with lithium iron phosphate (for example, lithium iron phosphate having an olivine crystal structure) as the main component will be used. In the following, LiFePO4 or LFP will be used for illustration. Although the shape of the substrate is not particularly limited, the substrate is preferably a powdery or granular material. When the shape of the substrate is a powdery or granular material, the average particle size is preferably 500 μm or less, more preferably 1-200 μm, and even more preferably 1-50 μm. When the average particle size of the substrate is within the above range, the carbonization reaction can be carried out efficiently. For example, the average particle size can be a value measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (for example, Partica LA-960V2 manufactured by HORIBA, Ltd.).

[0091] In addition, it is preferable to use hydrogen as the reducing gas. Hereinafter, hydrogen will be described as H2. Note that the reducing gas is not limited to hydrogen as long as the reducing gas has reducing properties. For example, the reducing gas may be carbon monoxide.

[0092] In addition, methane, which is a lower hydrocarbon, is preferably used as the carbonizing gas. In the following, the description of CH4 will be used. Note that the carbonizing gas is not limited to methane as long as the carbonizing gas has a carbonizing property. For example, the carbonizing gas may be propane.

[0093] The supply flow rate (space velocity: SV value) of H2 from the reducing gas inlet 131A to the reaction vessel 100 (first fluid control area 130A) is preferably supplied under the condition of 80000NL / kg / h or less, and more preferably supplied under the condition of 40000-80000NL / kg / h. Note that NL represents the volume of hydrogen gas to be supplied (standard cubic meter), / kg represents the unit weight of the substrate with lithium iron phosphate as the main component (per kilogram), and / h represents the unit time (per hour) for supplying hydrogen gas.

[0094] The preferred heating temperature of the upstream side region (first fluid control region 130A) in the middle portion A3 is in the range of 300-1000°C. In order to make the reaction in the upstream side region (first fluid control region 130A) smoother, the more preferred heating temperature of the upstream side region (first fluid control region 130A) in the middle portion A3 is 500°C to 700°C, more preferably 650°C. In the present disclosure, the heating temperature is the temperature of the heating device in the temperature control region, and the temperature of the heating device is the temperature measured by a temperature measuring device, such as a thermocouple attached to the heating device.

[0095] On the other hand, it is desirable that the supply flow rate (space velocity: SV value) of the low-order hydrocarbon (CH4 in this case) supplied from the carbonization gas inlet 141A to the reaction vessel 100 (second fluid control area 140A) is supplied at a condition of 80000NL / kg / h or less for methane, and more desirable to be supplied at a condition of 40000-80000NL / kg / h. Note that NL represents the volume of methane to be supplied (standard cubic meter), / kg represents the unit weight of lithium iron phosphate (per kilogram), and / h represents the unit time (per hour) for supplying methane. When the SV value is less than 40000NL / kg / h, a sufficient carbonization reaction cannot be obtained. In addition, when the SV value exceeds 80000NL / kg / h, the conversion rate decreases and the reaction efficiency deteriorates.

[0096] The preferred heating temperature of the downstream region (second fluid control region 140A) in the middle portion A3 is in the range of 300-1000° C. In order to make the reaction in the downstream region (second fluid control region 140A) smoother, the more preferred heating temperature of the downstream region (second fluid control region 140A) in the middle portion A3 is 600° C.-800° C., more preferably 750° C.

[0097] The method for producing C-LiFePO4 is implemented under the above premise.

[0098] First, as a treatment material, a substrate (in this case, powdered or granular LiFePO4) containing at least a compound of phosphorus and a transition metal as a main component is prepared, and the substrate is supplied from the supply port 101 to the supply port 101 side in the reaction vessel 100 (process S20). The LiFePO4 supplied to the supply port 101 side of the reaction vessel 100 passes through the middle portion A3 from the supply port 101 side of the reaction vessel 100, and is transported to the delivery port 102 side of the reaction vessel 100 due to the rotating screw 120. From the viewpoint of sufficient reaction, its conveying speed is desirably set to be slow enough, but not to impair productivity. For example, the conveying speed is desirably set to be less than 10m / h, more desirably set to be less than 5m / h, and even more desirably set to be less than 1m / hour. LiFePO4 can be pre-prepared in advance. An example of pretreatment is mechanical grinding treatment. Another example of pretreatment is jet grinding treatment. Another example of pretreatment is electroless plating treatment. Alternatively, the pretreatment is a process that makes at least a portion of LiFePO4 amorphous, which is a process different from those described above. The pretreatment is a process that makes the transition metal adhere to at least a portion of LiFePO4, which is a process different from those described above. The mechanical grinding process may be a process in which, for example, a planetary ball mill is used, LiFePO4 and a chrome steel ball of 5 mm diameter are placed in a chrome steel container, and after the chrome steel container is filled with argon as an inert gas, the LiFePO4 and the chrome steel ball are planetarily rotated at a speed of 500 rpm for 24 hours. The jet milling process may be a process in which, for example, a wet jet milling device is used, and a slurry of LiFePO4 and a small amount of iron powder dispersed in isopropanol is circulated 10 times in a jet milling flow path. A substrate with LiFePO4 as the main component can be manufactured by pre-treating LiFePO4 in this way.

[0099] Subsequently, a reduction step (step S21) is performed in the upstream region (first fluid control region 130A) of the middle portion A3. In the reduction step, H2 (see Figure 4 The arrows AR1 and AR2 in the figure directly contact the substrate (in this case, the substrate mainly composed of LiFePO4) passing through the first fluid control region 130A, and at least a portion of the substrate passing through the first fluid control region 130A is reduced. Note that H2 (see FIG. 1 ) supplied from the reducing gas inlet 131A can be used to reduce the substrate. Figure 4The substrate may be reduced by the reducing gas (in this case, H2) by reducing the atmosphere around the substrate (in this case, the substrate having LiFePO4 as the main component) or the like, and the substrate may be indirectly reduced by the reducing atmosphere or the like. In this way, the "step of bringing the reducing gas into contact with the substrate" according to the present disclosure includes not only the case where the substrate is directly reduced by the reducing gas (in this case, H2) but also the case where the substrate is indirectly reduced by the reducing gas (in this case, H2).

[0100] Subsequently, a carbonization step (step S22) is performed in the downstream region (second fluid control region 140A) in the middle portion A3. In the carbonization step, CH4 (see FIG. 1 ) supplied from the carbonization gas inlet 141A to the second fluid control region 140A is Figure 4 The arrows AR3 and AR4 in the figure come into contact with the substrate (in this case, the substrate with LiFePO4 as the main component) that has passed through the second fluid control area 140A after the reduction process, so a reaction represented by LiFePO4+CH4→C~LiFePO4+2H2 occurs, and C~LiFePO4 and H2 are produced.

[0101] The product C~LiFePO4 generated by these steps is discharged from the delivery port 102 to the outside of the reaction vessel 100 and recovered. On the other hand, the H2 generated in step S22 is discharged from the reducing gas outlet 160 to the outside of the reaction vessel 100 and is supplied to the reaction vessel 100 again from the reducing gas inlet 131A.

[0102] As described above, according to the second embodiment, a functional substrate can be manufactured, which is a substrate mainly composed of a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal (e.g., lithium iron phosphate) and contains nanocarbon (e.g., one or more carbon nanotubes) grown from the surface of the substrate.

[0103] <Third Embodiment>

[0104] Next, as a third embodiment, reference will be made to Figure 5 The reaction apparatus 10B for producing a functional base material will be described. Figure 5 1 is a side view of a reaction device according to the third embodiment. Hereinafter, a description will be given of the reaction device 10B, with emphasis on the difference from the reaction device 10A according to the second embodiment. The same components as the reaction device 10A according to the second embodiment will be represented by the same reference numerals, and descriptions of these components will be omitted where appropriate. For convenience of description, the reaction device 10A according to the second embodiment and the second reaction device 10A according to the third embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 5 Draw in a simplified way.

[0105] like Figure 5 As shown, a reaction device 10B is constructed by combining the reaction device 10 according to the first embodiment and the reaction device 10A according to the second embodiment. Hereinafter, the reaction device 10 according to the first embodiment will be referred to as the first reaction device 10, and the reaction device 10A according to the second embodiment will be referred to as the second reaction device 10A. Specifically, the delivery port 102 of the first reaction device 10 and the supply port 101 of the second reaction device 10A are connected to each other.

[0106] The first reaction device 10 produces the intermediate LiFePO 4 .

[0107] Next, a method for producing the intermediate LiFePO 4 using the reaction apparatus 10A will be described.

[0108] First, the prerequisites for implementing the method of producing the intermediate LiFePO4 will be described.

[0109] Hereinafter, Li3PO4 and Fe3(PO4)2.8H2O will be used as the processing materials. However, the processing material is not limited to the above as long as the processing material is a compound from which the intermediate LiFePO4 can be produced.

[0110] The heating temperature of the middle portion A3 of the first reaction device 10 is, for example, 400° C. Furthermore, H 2 is supplied to the reaction container 100 of the first reaction device 10 .

[0111] The method for producing the intermediate LiFePO4 is implemented under the above premise.

[0112] First, Li3PO4 and Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O as processing materials are supplied from the supply port 101 of the first reaction device 10 to the supply port 101 side in the reaction vessel 100 of the first reaction device 10. Li3PO4 and Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O supplied to the supply port 101 side in the reaction vessel 100 pass through the intermediate portion A3 from the supply port 101 side in the reaction vessel 100 of the first reaction device 10, and are transported to the delivery port 102 side of the reaction vessel 100 due to the rotating screw 120 of the first reaction device 10.

[0113] At this time, in the middle part A3 of the first reaction device 10, since H2 supplied to the reaction container 10 of the first reaction device 10 contacts Li3PO4 and Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O passing through the middle part A3, a predetermined reaction occurs and the intermediate LiFePO4 is produced.

[0114] The generated intermediate LiFePO 4 is supplied from the delivery port 102 of the first reaction device 10 and the supply port 101 of the second reaction device 10A to the supply port 101 side in the reaction container 100 of the second reaction device 10A.

[0115] Thereafter, the method for producing C-LiFePO4 described in the second embodiment is implemented in the second reaction device 10B. As a result, C-LiFePO4 is generated as a product. The generated C-LiFePO4 is discharged from the delivery port 102 of the second reaction device 10B to the outside of the reaction container 100 of the second reaction device 10B, and is recovered by the recovery unit.

[0116] As described above, according to the third embodiment, a functional substrate can be manufactured, which is a substrate having a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal (for example, lithium iron phosphate) as a main component and containing nanocarbon (for example, one or more carbon nanotubes) grown from the surface of the substrate.

[0117] <Fourth Embodiment>

[0118] Next, we will refer to Figure 6 A manufacturing process of a lithium ion battery (an example of a secondary battery according to the present disclosure) as a fourth embodiment is described. Figure 6 2 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of a lithium ion battery (an example of a secondary battery according to the present disclosure).

[0119] like Figure 6 As shown, the manufacturing process of the lithium-ion battery includes a C-LiFePO4 manufacturing process, a kneading process, a coating process and a lamination process, and the lithium-ion battery is finally manufactured through these processes.

[0120] The C-LiFePO 4 production step is a step of producing C-LiFePO 4 using the reaction apparatus 10A according to the second embodiment or the reaction apparatus 10B according to the third embodiment.

[0121] The kneading step is a step of adding a binder to C-LiFePO 4 produced in the C-LiFePO 4 production step and kneading C-LiFePO 4 and the binder using a twin-screw kneading extruder or the like to produce a slurry (dispersion liquid) containing C-LiFePO 4 .

[0122] The coating step is a step of coating the current collector with the slurry containing C-LiFePO4 prepared in the kneading step using a die coater, etc. The current collector coated with the slurry containing C-LiFePO4 is a positive electrode (positive electrode material).

[0123] The lamination step is a step of laminating the positive electrode (positive electrode material), electrolyte, negative electrode, etc. produced in the coating step together using a lamination press machine or the like.

[0124] A lithium-ion battery is manufactured through the above-mentioned process.

[0125] Next, the advantages of using C~LiFePO4 will be described.

[0126] Generally, in secondary batteries, carbon nanotubes are used in addition to LiFePO4 to promote the transfer of electrons. Generally, since carbon nanotubes are separated from LiFePO4, there is a large gap between the carbon nanotubes and LiFePO4. Therefore, it is difficult to further promote the transfer of electrons.

[0127] In contrast, the C-LiFePO4 produced by the reaction device 10A according to the second embodiment or the reaction device 10B according to the third embodiment contains one or more carbon nanotubes grown (mainly grown by the carbonization process) from the surface of the C-LiFePO4 (mainly the surface activated by the reduction process) (see Figure 4 In other words, in the C~LiFePO4 manufactured by the reaction device 10A according to the second embodiment described above or the reaction device 10B according to the third embodiment described above, the carbon nanotube (s) adheres to the surface of the LiFePO4, and there is no gap between the carbon nanotube and the LiFePO4. Therefore, when the C~LiFePO4 is used in the secondary battery, the transfer of electrons can be further promoted. Therefore, the performance of the secondary battery can be further improved. For example, the secondary battery can be further miniaturized, and the capacity of the secondary battery can be further improved.

[0128] Note that C~LiFePO4 is not limited to the positive electrode material of liquid-based lithium-ion batteries, and can also be applied to at least a part of the positive electrode, solid electrolyte, intermediate layer between the positive electrode and the electrolyte, etc. of an all-solid-state battery (e.g., a sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium-ion battery).

[0129] Next, a modification example will be described.

[0130] Although the example of using lithium iron phosphate as the processing material has been explained in the above-mentioned second embodiment and third embodiment, the processing material is not limited thereto. For example, sodium iron phosphate can be used as the processing material. In other words, the processing material only needs to be a base material having a compound (e.g., a positive electrode active material) containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal as a main component.

[0131] Although the invention made by the present inventors has been described using specific terms based on the embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments that have been described and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0132] This application claims priority based on Japanese patent application JP 2022-094428 filed on Jun. 10, 2022, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.

[0133] Reference numerals list

[0134] 10Reaction device (first reaction device)

[0135] 10A reaction device (second reaction device)

[0136] 100 Reaction Vessels

[0137] 101 Supply port

[0138] 102 Send to exit

[0139] 110 Temperature Control Area

[0140] 120 Screw

[0141] 121 convex part

[0142] 130 First fluid control area

[0143] 130A First fluid control area

[0144] 131 First fluid inlet

[0145] 131A Reduction gas inlet

[0146] 132 First fluid outlet

[0147] 132A Reduction gas outlet

[0148] 133 first fluid supply pipe

[0149] 133A Reduction gas supply pipe

[0150] 134 First Valve

[0151] 134A Reduction gas suction hose

[0152] 140 Second fluid control area

[0153] 140A Second fluid control area

[0154] 141 Second fluid inlet

[0155] 141A Carbonization gas inlet

[0156] 142 Second fluid outlet

[0157] 142A Carbonization gas outlet

[0158] 143 Second fluid supply pipe

[0159] 143A Carbonization gas supply pipe

[0160] 144 Second valve

[0161] 144A Carbonization gas suction hose

[0162] 150 Drive unit

[0163] 151 Motor

[0164] 152 Reducer

[0165] 160 Reduction gas outlet

[0166] 161 Reduction gas suction pipe

[0167] 200 Control device

[0168] 201 Overall Control Department

[0169] 202 Temperature Control Department

[0170] 103, 203 Screw rotation control unit

[0171] 204 First fluid control unit

[0172] 205 Second fluid control unit

[0173] 206 IF Control Department

[0174] 107, 207 Storage

[0175] 210 Temperature control device

[0176] 230 First fluid control device

[0177] 240 Second fluid control device

[0178] 250 Information input / output unit

[0179] R10 Processing Materials

[0180] R11 product.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a functional substrate, comprising the following steps: bringing a reducing gas into contact with a substrate having a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal as main components; and A carbonizing gas is brought into contact with the substrate that has been in contact with the reducing gas.

2. The method for producing a functional substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The compound is lithium iron phosphate.

3. The method for producing a functional substrate according to claim 2, wherein: The substrate is a powdery or granular material having an average particle size of 500 μm or less.

4. The method for producing a functional substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The reducing gas is hydrogen, and the carbonizing gas is a lower hydrocarbon.

5. The method for producing a functional substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The supply flow rate of the reducing gas is in the range of 40000-80000 NL / kg / h, and the heating temperature of the reducing gas is in the range of 300-1000°C, and The supply flow rate of the carbonization gas is in the range of 40000-80000 NL / kg / h, and the heating temperature of the carbonization gas is in the range of 300-1000°C.

6. The method for producing a functional substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The step of bringing the reducing gas into contact with the substrate is performed on the upstream side of a reaction container provided in the reaction device. The step of bringing the carbonization gas into contact with the substrate is performed on the downstream side of the reaction container, and The reaction device comprises: The reaction container includes an intermediate portion between the supply portion and the delivery portion; a temperature control section that controls the temperature of an upstream region in the middle portion and the temperature of a downstream region in the middle portion for each region; The supply unit supplies the substrate to the reaction container; a conveying device that conveys the substrate supplied to the reaction container from the supply portion side of the reaction container to the delivery portion side of the reaction container through the intermediate portion; a reducing gas supply unit that supplies the reducing gas for contacting the compound passing through the upstream region of the intermediate portion to the upstream region of the intermediate portion; and A carbonization gas supply unit supplies the carbonization gas to the downstream area of ​​the intermediate section so as to contact the compound passing through the downstream area of ​​the intermediate section.

7. A functional substrate comprising a compound containing at least phosphorus and a transition metal as main components and comprising nanocarbon grown from at least a portion of a surface of the substrate.

8. The functional substrate according to claim 7, wherein The compound is lithium iron phosphate, and the nanocarbon is carbon nanotube.

9. The functional substrate according to claim 7, wherein The substrate is a powdery or granular material having an average particle size of 500 μm or less. 10 . A secondary battery comprising the functional substrate according to claim 7 .

11. A positive electrode material comprising the functional substrate according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

12. A functional substrate manufacturing device, comprising: a cylindrical reaction container including an intermediate portion between the supply port and the delivery port; a temperature control section that controls the temperature of an upstream region in the middle portion and the temperature of a downstream region in the middle portion for each region; a processing material supplying unit that supplies a base material having a compound containing at least phosphorus and iron as main components to the reaction container; a conveying device for conveying the compound supplied to the reaction container from the supply port side of the reaction container to the delivery port side of the reaction container through the intermediate portion; a reducing gas supply unit that supplies reducing gas to the upstream region of the intermediate portion for contact with the compound passing through the upstream region of the intermediate portion; as well as A carbonization gas supply unit supplies a carbonization gas to the downstream area of ​​the intermediate section so as to contact the compound passing through the downstream area of ​​the intermediate section.

13. The functional substrate manufacturing device according to claim 12, wherein: The conveying device is a screw that is disposed in the reaction container and rotates to convey the substrate supplied to the reaction container from a supply port side of the reaction container to a delivery port side of the reaction container through the intermediate portion.

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