Casting mold for preventing shrinkage porosity of vortex movable disc

Abstract

The invention relates to a casting mold for preventing shrinkage porosity of a vortex movable disc, which belongs to the technical field of mold casting and comprises a casting shell, a heat storage assembly, a chilling block and a driving assembly. The heat storage assembly is arranged on the periphery of the casting shell and used for transferring heat from the bottom of the casting shell to the top of the casting shell. The heat storage assembly comprises a heat collection block and a heat collection box, the heat collection box is arranged on the casting shell, the heat collection block is arranged at the bottom of the heat collection box, a heat collection cavity is formed in the inner wall of the heat collection box, and an outlet is formed in the top and communicates with the heat collection cavity for hot air to flow out; the number of the heat storage assemblies is at least two, the chilling block is arranged at the top of the casting shell, and the driving assembly moves the chilling block from a high-temperature area to a low-temperature area according to the temperature stored by the heat storage assemblies. And active control over the flowing and feeding process of the liquid metal in the casting is achieved, and therefore the casting quality of the vortex movable disc is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of casting molds, and in particular relates to a casting mold for preventing shrinkage and loosening of a scroll moving disk. Background Art

[0002] Chill is a chill used to accelerate the gradual local cooling rate. It is usually placed inside the cavity, on the cavity surface or inside the mold to control the gradual solidification sequence and temperature distribution.

[0003] The scroll disk is a key component of the scroll compressor, and its quality directly affects the overall performance of the compressor. However, in the casting process of the aluminum alloy scroll disk, shrinkage cavities and shrinkage porosity often occur due to the lack of effective compensation for the solidification shrinkage of the alloy liquid, which seriously affects the quality and reliability of the scroll disk.

[0004] In the casting process, the molten metal quickly cools and solidifies after being poured into the mold, and a large amount of latent heat is released in this process. Although various methods have been tried in the prior art to reduce the formation of shrinkage cavities, such as adjusting the pouring temperature, optimizing the mold design to increase the riser and chill, and using alloying to improve the fluidity of the molten metal, most of these methods focus on controlling the external conditions during the solidification process, and fail to make full use of the heat generated during the casting process itself to promote the shrinkage compensation effect of the casting.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a moving disk casting mold that can effectively compensate for shrinkage. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll moving plate, which solves the problem of shrinkage holes in the scroll moving plate component caused by not fully utilizing the heat generated during casting.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll moving disk, comprising a casting shell, a heat storage component, a chiller and a driving component; the heat storage component is arranged on the periphery of the casting shell, and is used to transfer heat from the bottom of the casting shell to the top;

[0009] The heat storage assembly comprises a heat collecting block and a heat collecting box, wherein the heat collecting box is arranged at the casting shell, the heat collecting block is arranged at the bottom of the heat collecting box, the inner wall of the heat collecting box is provided with a heat collecting cavity, and the top is provided with an outlet, and the outlet is connected with the heat collecting cavity for outflowing hot gas;

[0010] The number of the heat storage components is at least 2, the chiller is arranged on the top of the casting shell, and the driving component moves the chiller from a high temperature area to a low temperature area according to the temperature stored in the heat storage component.

[0011] Preferably, a cavity for a vortex moving disk is provided in the casting shell, and a first riser and a second riser connected to the cavity are provided on the top of the casting shell, the first riser and the chill form a first shrinkage feeding channel, the second riser and the chill form a second shrinkage feeding channel, the first shrinkage feeding channel is used to feed the outer periphery of the moving disk, and the second shrinkage feeding channel is used to feed the inner periphery of the moving disk.

[0012] Preferably, the first riser is arranged at the central axis of the moving disk.

[0013] Preferably, the second riser is arranged on a straight line connecting the end of the moving disk and the center of the moving disk, and along the vortex line of the moving disk, the distance from the second riser to the end of the moving disk is the shortest.

[0014] Preferably, the chill is in contact with both the first riser and the second riser.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a driving component, which is arranged in the casting shell, and the driving component is located on the outside of the cold iron and the inside of the thermal collector box; the driving component includes a ball chain, a memory deformation part and a telescopic transmission part; the memory deformation part is arranged in the thermal collector box, and is used to sense the temperature of the thermal collector box, and the telescopic transmission part is installed on the memory deformation part, and the telescopic transmission part abuts against the ball chain at the bottom of the ball chain, and the ball chain is arranged in the casting shell and abuts against the cold iron at the bottom of the cold iron.

[0016] Preferably, the ball chain comprises a chain and balls, the chain is composed of a plurality of hinged blocks, the chain is fixed at a fixed point on the casting shell, and the balls are rotatably arranged on the hinged blocks.

[0017] Preferably, the outlet is located at the top of the drive assembly.

[0018] Preferably, the heat collecting block is made of copper.

[0019] Preferably, the casting shell is further provided with a pouring gate, and the pouring gate is located at the bottom of the casting shell.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention can achieve a cooling effect from bottom to top, and at the same time collect a large amount of heat generated during casting, control the solidification sequence of the vortex moving plate, and improve the shrinkage cavity phenomenon of the vortex moving plate, so that the upper molten iron can compensate for the shrinkage of the initially solidified casting at the lower part, and fully utilize the large amount of heat generated during pouring, and realize active control of the liquid metal flow and shrinkage compensation process inside the casting, thereby significantly improving the casting quality of the vortex moving plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a casting mold provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a casting mold provided in one embodiment of the present invention from a top view;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a ball chain structure provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a first riser and a second riser provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Legend: 1. Casting shell; 11. Cavity; 12. End of moving disk; 2. Heat storage assembly; 21. Heat collecting block; 22. Heat collecting box; 23. Heat collecting cavity; 24. Outlet; 3. Cold iron; 4. Driving assembly; 41. Ball chain; 42. Memory deformation part; 421. Chain; 422. Ball; 43. Telescopic transmission part; 51. First riser; 52. Second riser; 6. Gate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a casting mold for preventing shrinkage and loosening of a scroll moving disk comprises a casting shell 1, a heat storage component 2, a cold iron 3 and a driving component 4; the heat storage component 2 is arranged on the periphery of the casting shell 1, and is used to transfer heat from the bottom of the casting shell 1 to the top;

[0030] The heat storage assembly 2 includes a heat collecting block 21 and a heat collecting box 22. The heat collecting box 22 is arranged at the casting shell 1. The heat collecting block 21 is arranged at the bottom of the heat collecting box 22. The inner wall of the heat collecting box 22 is provided with a heat collecting cavity 23. The top is provided with an outlet 24. The outlet 24 is connected with the heat collecting cavity 23 for the outflow of hot gas.

[0031] The number of heat storage components 2 is at least 2, the cold iron 3 is arranged on the top of the casting shell 1, and the driving component 4 moves the cold iron 3 from the high temperature area to the low temperature area according to the temperature stored in the heat storage component 2;

[0032] During the casting process, the molten metal inside the casting shell 1 releases a large amount of heat. The heat collecting block 21 is located at the bottom of the heat collecting box 22, directly contacts and absorbs the heat from the bottom of the casting shell 1, and forms a high-temperature heat source. As the heat accumulates in the heat collecting block 21, the hot gas flows upward through the heat collecting cavity 23 and is finally discharged through the outlet 24. The multiple settings of the heat collection components ensure uniform distribution and effective transfer of heat, and provide a basis for cooling from bottom to top. The cold iron 3 is set on the top of the casting shell 1, and the driving component 4 adjusts the position of the cold iron 3 in time according to the temperature change stored in the heat storage component 2; when the bottom of the casting begins to solidify and the top still maintains a high temperature, the driving component 4 moves the cold iron 3 to the high-temperature area on the top of the casting, and accelerates the cooling of the top through direct contact or indirect heat exchange, so as to achieve a cooling effect from bottom to top, and at the same time collect a large amount of heat generated during casting, control the solidification sequence of the vortex moving disk, and improve the shrinkage cavity phenomenon of the vortex moving disk, so that the upper molten iron can compensate for the shrinkage of the lower initially solidified casting, and make full use of the large amount of heat generated during pouring, so as to realize the active control of the liquid metal flow and the shrinkage compensation process inside the casting, thereby significantly improving the casting quality of the vortex moving disk;

[0033] In short, in the production process of precision castings such as scroll rotors and rotors, the use of a bottom-up cooling method can significantly optimize this process. Since the bottom of the casting solidifies first, if the upper part cools too quickly, it is easy to generate large thermal stress inside the casting, resulting in cracks or shrinkage defects. Gradually cooling from bottom to top can reduce the stress caused by this temperature difference, which helps the casting to solidify evenly and reduce defects; the bottom is cooled first, and the liquid metal remains in a high-temperature liquid state for a long time at the top, which is conducive to the liquid metal to the solidified area (such as shrinkage cavity, shrinkage area) to feed the shrinkage, reduce internal voids, and improve the density and strength of the casting. At the same time, the residual heat generated by the casting can also be used for shrinkage. The bottom-up cooling method helps the grains inside the casting grow under a relatively slow temperature gradient, forming a more uniform and fine organization, thereby improving the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the casting.

[0034] In one embodiment, a cavity 11 of a vortex disk is provided in the casting shell 1, and a first riser 51 and a second riser 52 connected to the cavity 11 are provided at the top of the casting shell 1. The first riser 51 and the chill 3 form a first shrinkage-feeding channel, and the second riser 52 and the chill 3 form a second shrinkage-feeding channel. The first shrinkage-feeding channel is used to feed the outer periphery of the shrinkage disk, and the second shrinkage-feeding channel is used to feed the inner periphery of the shrinkage disk; the first riser 51 and the second riser 52 not only serve as the entrance for liquid metal to enter the cavity 11, but also form two independent shrinkage-feeding channels, the first shrinkage-feeding channel and the second shrinkage-feeding channel, in combination with the chill 3 provided at the top of the casting shell 1. As the temperature drops, the casting begins to solidify gradually from the bottom to the top. In this process, since the volume of the liquid metal decreases after cooling, a shrinkage space is formed inside the casting, and the first shrinkage-feeding channel (between the first riser 51 and the chill 3) is responsible for the outer peripheral area of ​​the shrinkage disk. When the outer periphery of the moving disk begins to solidify and shrink, liquid metal can flow in through the first riser 51 and fill these gaps to prevent the formation of shrinkage, and the second shrinkage feeding channel (between the second riser 52 and the chill 3) feeds the inner peripheral area of ​​the moving disk. Similarly, when the inner peripheral part begins to solidify and shrink, liquid metal enters and supplements the inner peripheral area through the second riser 52 to ensure that the entire moving disk can be fully fed; the chill 3 acts as a local cooling source, accelerating the solidification rate of the casting part in contact with it. This not only helps to form a sequential solidification pattern, but also improves the efficiency of the shrinkage feeding channel by providing additional cooling effect.

[0035] During the flow of liquid metal, the first shrinkage feeding channel also helps to remove gas and impurities in the mold cavity 11. If these gases and impurities are not removed in time, they may form pores or inclusions inside the casting, reducing the performance of the casting. Corresponding to the first shrinkage feeding channel, the second shrinkage feeding channel focuses on supplementing the shrinkage space of the inner peripheral area of ​​the vortex moving disk during the solidification process. The inner peripheral part is often prone to insufficient shrinkage due to its complex structure and slow cooling rate. The second shrinkage feeding channel provides additional liquid metal through the second riser 52 to ensure that the inner peripheral area can be fully fed and reduce the occurrence of shrinkage defects. Since the inner peripheral part is subject to greater constraints during the solidification process, the difficulty of shrinkage feeding is relatively high; by optimizing the shape, position and size of the channel, the shrinkage feeding effect is enhanced to ensure that the liquid metal can smoothly flow into and fill the shrinkage space of the inner peripheral area;

[0036] In summary, by providing two independent shrinkage-feeding channels, the casting mold can more effectively supplement the shrinkage space generated by the casting during the solidification process, thereby significantly reducing the incidence of shrinkage defects.

[0037] In one embodiment, the first riser 51 is arranged at the central axis of the moving disk. The first riser 51 is arranged at the center of the moving disk to ensure that the liquid metal can directly and effectively supplement the shrinkage space in the central area of ​​the moving disk. Since the central area is often one of the first parts of the casting to solidify, timely shrinkage supplementation is crucial to prevent central shrinkage. The arrangement of the central riser helps to form a sequential solidification pattern from the center to the periphery, which helps to reduce internal stress concentration and the formation of shrinkage cavities, because the liquid metal can gradually flow along the solidification front and fill the gap.

[0038] In one embodiment, the second riser 52 is arranged on the straight line connecting the end portion 12 of the moving disk and the center of the moving disk, and along the vortex line of the moving disk, the distance from the second riser 52 to the end portion 12 of the moving disk is the shortest. The second riser 52 is arranged along the vortex line and as close to the end portion 12 of the moving disk as possible, which can ensure that the area near the vortex line and the end portion is fully compensated for shrinkage; the structural characteristics of the vortex moving disk make these areas susceptible to uneven cooling speed and uneven shrinkage during solidification, so this arrangement is particularly important for preventing shrinkage in these areas. By arranging the second riser 52 on the vortex line, the liquid metal can be guided to flow along the trajectory of the vortex line, reducing casting defects such as inclusions and pores caused by poor flow. The position of the second riser 52 also helps to optimize the cooling effect of the moving disk. Since it is located on the vortex line and close to the end portion, it can accelerate the cooling rate of these areas, promote sequential solidification, and reduce thermal stress and deformation caused by differences in cooling rates.

[0039] In one embodiment, the cold iron 3 is in contact with the first riser 51 and the second riser 52, which guides the rotation of the cold iron 3. At the same time, it can always cover the moving disk during the rotation process, respond to the shrinkage compensation phenomenon in time, and form a shrinkage compensation channel and complete the shrinkage compensation in a short time.

[0040] In one embodiment, it also includes a driving component 4, which is arranged on the casting shell 1, located on the outside of the cold iron 3 and the inside of the heat collecting box 22; the driving component 4 includes a ball chain 41, a memory deformation member 42 and a telescopic transmission member 43; the memory deformation member 42 is arranged on the heat collecting box 22, and is used to sense the temperature of the heat collecting box 22, and the telescopic transmission member 43 is installed on the memory deformation member 42, and the telescopic transmission member 43 abuts against the ball chain 41 at the bottom of the ball chain 41, and the ball chain 41 is arranged on the casting shell 1, and abuts against the cold iron 3 at the bottom of the cold iron 3; the memory deformation member 42 is arranged in the heat collecting box 22, and can Directly sense the temperature change of the collector box 22 and its surrounding environment; the memory deformation member 42 is usually a material with shape memory function, such as shape memory alloy; when the temperature in the collector box 22 changes, the memory deformation member 42 will change shape according to the temperature, and this shape change is converted into mechanical movement through the telescopic transmission member 43, which is installed on the memory deformation member 42 and can be extended and retracted as the memory deformation member 42 is extended and retracted, thereby transmitting power; the bottom of the telescopic transmission member 43 abuts against the ball chain 41, and when the telescopic transmission member 43 is extended and retracted, it will push the ball chain 41 to move along. The ball chain 41 is set in the casting shell 1, and its top abuts against the cold iron 3, so the movement of the ball chain 41 will drive the cold iron 3 to move together, and as the ball chain 41 moves, the cold iron 3 is pushed to the area with lower temperature in the casting shell 1. Since the chill 3 is a local cooling source, its movement helps to form a more uniform temperature gradient inside the casting, promotes sequential solidification and reduces defects such as shrinkage; the movement of the chill 3 to the low temperature area helps to form a more reasonable shrinkage feeding channel inside the casting, ensuring that the liquid metal can be replenished in time to the gaps caused by solidification shrinkage, thereby reducing defects such as shrinkage; the automatically adaptive drive component 4 reduces the need for manual intervention and reduces the uncertainty and error rate in the production process; at the same time, due to the improvement of the quality of the casting, the cost of subsequent processing and repair is also reduced accordingly.

[0041] In one embodiment, the ball chain 41 includes a chain 421 and a ball 422, and the chain 421 is hinged by a plurality of hinge blocks. The chain 421 is fixed at a fixed point on the casting shell 1, and the ball 422 is rotatably set on the hinge block; in this way, the ball chain 41 can adapt to the rotation of the cold iron 3 and smoothly transition the cold iron 3 from a high place to a low place, avoiding the height difference between adjacent areas being too high and blocking the movement of the cold iron 3; and the principle of the ball chain 41 is that the chain 421 is fixed at a fixed point on the casting shell 1, forming a stable fixed relationship with the casting shell 1, and the remaining parts not connected to the casting shell 1 can rise and fall freely, and the ball 422 is rotatably connected to the cold iron 3, which can reduce the friction of the cold iron 3 during the rotation process and smoothly transport the cold iron 3 to the area with low temperature.

[0042] In one embodiment, the outlet 24 is located at the top of the driving assembly 4 , and can collect heat and act on the memory deformation member 42 before dissipating the heat from the outlet 24 , thereby ensuring normal cooling of the casting without affecting the normal deformation of the memory deformation member 42 .

[0043] In one embodiment, the heat collecting block 21 is made of copper. Due to the high thermal conductivity of copper, the copper heat collecting block 21 can absorb and transfer temperature more quickly. Whether absorbing heat or releasing heat, this rapid response capability can effectively collect the heat generated during pouring and avoid heat loss. At the same time, copper has good machinability and can be made into heat collecting blocks 21 of various shapes and sizes through casting, forging, stamping and other processes, with high adaptability.

[0044] In one embodiment, the casting shell 1 is further provided with a pouring gate 6, which is located at the bottom of the casting shell 1; when casting begins, liquid metal is injected into the casting shell 1 through the pouring gate 6. The pouring gate 6 is located at the bottom of the casting shell 1, which ensures that the liquid metal can smoothly and quickly enter the cavity 11, avoiding the splashing and eddy current phenomenon caused by improper pouring position. The liquid metal first fills the area near the pouring gate 6, and then flows upward along the shape of the cavity 11 until the cavity 11 of the entire vortex moving plate is filled. In this process, the first riser 51 and the second riser 52 serve as shrinkage compensation channels to provide liquid metal to supplement the shrinkage space generated by the casting during the solidification process; the pouring gate 6 is set at the bottom of the casting shell 1, which helps the liquid metal to smoothly and quickly fill the cavity 11 and reduce the involvement of gas and impurities. At the same time, the optimized setting of the cold iron 3 and the drive assembly 4 further improves the shrinkage compensation effect and solidification quality of the casting, and reduces defects such as shrinkage and inclusions.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll moving plate, characterized in that: It includes a casting shell, a heat storage component, a chiller and a driving component; the heat storage component is arranged on the periphery of the casting shell and is used to transfer heat from the bottom of the casting shell to the top; The heat storage assembly comprises a heat collecting block and a heat collecting box, wherein the heat collecting box is arranged at the casting shell, the heat collecting block is arranged at the bottom of the heat collecting box, the inner wall of the heat collecting box is provided with a heat collecting cavity, and the top is provided with an outlet, and the outlet is connected with the heat collecting cavity for outflowing hot gas; The number of the heat storage components is at least 2, the chiller is arranged on the top of the casting shell, and the driving component moves the chiller from a high temperature area to a low temperature area according to the temperature stored in the heat storage component.

2. A casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll moving plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cavity for a vortex moving disk is provided in the casting shell, and a first riser and a second riser connected to the cavity are provided on the top of the casting shell. The first riser and the chill form a first shrinkage feeding channel, and the second riser and the chill form a second shrinkage feeding channel. The first shrinkage feeding channel is used for feeding the outer periphery of the moving disk, and the second shrinkage feeding channel is used for feeding the inner periphery of the moving disk.

3. A casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll moving plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first riser is arranged at the central axis of the moving disk.

4. A casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll moving plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second riser is arranged on a straight line connecting the end of the moving disk and the center of the moving disk, and along the vortex line of the moving disk, the distance between the second riser and the end of the moving disk is the shortest.

5. The casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll moving plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chill is in contact with both the first riser and the second riser.

6. The casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll movable plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving assembly, which is arranged on the casting shell, and is located on the outside of the cold iron and the inside of the heat collecting box; the driving assembly includes a ball chain, a memory deformation member and a telescopic transmission member; The memory deformation part is arranged on the thermal collector box for sensing the temperature of the thermal collector box. The telescopic transmission part is installed on the memory deformation part. The telescopic transmission part abuts against the ball chain at the bottom of the ball chain. The ball chain is arranged on the casting shell and abuts against the cold iron at the bottom of the cold iron.

7. A casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll moving plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ball chain comprises a chain and balls. The chain is composed of a plurality of hinge blocks hinged together. The chain is fixed at a fixed point on the casting shell, and the balls are rotatably arranged on the hinge blocks.

8. The casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll movable plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet is located at the top of the drive assembly.

9. The casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll movable plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat collecting block is made of copper.

10. The casting mold for preventing shrinkage of a scroll movable plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting shell is also provided with a pouring gate, and the pouring gate is located at the bottom of the casting shell.

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