Additive forming manufacturing device and method for multi-heat-source compounding and multi-wire synchronous feeding

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-heat-source composite and multi-wire synchronous feeding additive forming manufacturing device and method, and belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing devices. The present invention comprises: a laser head for emitting a laser heat source; tungsten electrodes are placed in the TIG welding guns, TIG electric arcs are provided, and the TIG welding guns are located on the periphery of the laser heat source, act on the two sides of a welding seam correspondingly and are used for forming a symmetrical composite heat source with the laser heat source; the wire feeding assembly is used for clamping a plurality of welding wires and feeding the welding wires into a molten pool for stable melting, and multi-dimensional adjustment can be achieved; the laser head, the TIG welding guns and the wire feeding assembly are fixed together and keep moving synchronously. The symmetric composite heat source is formed by the laser heat source and the heat sources generated by the multiple TIG electric arcs, the stability of the multiple electric arcs and the large molten pool is guaranteed, the deposition efficiency is remarkably improved, and die-free, high-degree-of-freedom and customized forming of large complex structural parts can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing devices, and in particular to an additive molding manufacturing device with multiple heat sources combined and multiple wires synchronously fed, and a method for additive manufacturing using the additive manufacturing device. Background Art

[0002] As key metal components in the high-end equipment manufacturing industry develop towards large-scale and integrated development, traditional subtractive and equal-material manufacturing processes can no longer meet the high-quality requirements of large and complex components and the requirements of manufacturing cycle and cost. The core technology of additive manufacturing is to transform complex 3D manufacturing problems into 2D solutions, so it has technical advantages such as flexibility, speed, and lightweight, and is particularly suitable for new product development, personalized customization, and multi-variety and small batch manufacturing. Additive manufacturing is a matter of precise control of properties and shape, that is, quality issues, and a matter of cost and forming efficiency on the other hand. Due to the differences in the physical properties of different heat sources, metal additive manufacturing represented by laser beams can better control the performance and dimensional accuracy of parts, but the forming efficiency is low, and due to the high quality requirements for metal powders and high material costs, it is more suitable for the manufacture of small and complex parts. Metal additive manufacturing represented by arcs has high forming efficiency, and the metallurgical quality of formed parts can also be guaranteed. The problem is that the dimensional accuracy of parts is low, and they often become "blanks" of additive manufacturing. Subsequent heat treatment and 3D mechanical chip processing increase manufacturing costs. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new method and device for additive manufacturing that is both high-quality and efficient, in order to address common problems such as the structural characteristics, size and weight, quality requirements, manufacturing efficiency, and operating conditions of large and complex components.

[0003] According to the heat source classification, it can be divided into two categories: single heat source and multi-heat source composite. Single heat source with powder and wire as filling material is suitable for one-time "near net forming" of small-sized and precision components. Arc heat source is suitable for small and medium-sized components, and composite heat source is suitable for large-sized component manufacturing. In recent years, based on the significant advantages of TIG arc welding process stability and excellent impact performance, researchers have derived a variety of new TIG composite methods, such as double tungsten electrode TIG, triple tungsten electrode TIG, laser-tungsten electrode TIG composite, laser-double tungsten electrode TIG composite, etc. Through the composite of multiple TIG heat sources, the arc pressure can be significantly reduced, the defects such as weld undercut and hump can be avoided, and high-quality forming can be achieved under high current and high welding speed.

[0004] In summary, existing additive manufacturing uses a single heat source or an asymmetric composite heat source with only a single low-power laser off-axis induced single arc, which has low deposition efficiency and is limited in manufacturing large parts. In order to break through the manufacturing limitations of the existing heat source with long production cycle and low material utilization, multi-heat source composite manufacturing technology has developed rapidly, but due to the limitations of the total heat input and wire feeding, the manufacturing efficiency still cannot meet the efficient and high-quality manufacturing needs of large-sized components. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the technical problems that the existing additive manufacturing adopts a single heat source or only a single low-power laser off-axis induced single arc asymmetric composite heat source, which has low deposition efficiency and limited manufacturing of large parts. On the one hand, the present invention provides an additive molding manufacturing device with multiple heat source composites and multi-wire synchronous feeding, which forms a symmetrical composite heat source through the heat source generated by the laser heat source and multiple TIG arcs, ensures the stability of multiple arcs and large molten pools, significantly improves deposition efficiency, and can realize mold-free, high-degree-of-freedom, customized forming of large and complex structural parts.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An additive manufacturing device with multiple heat source composite and multiple wire synchronous feeding, comprising:

[0008] A laser head, which is used to emit a laser heat source;

[0009] A plurality of TIG welding guns, each having a tungsten electrode therein and providing a TIG arc, are located around the laser heat source and act on both sides of the weld respectively, so as to form a symmetrical composite heat source with the laser heat source;

[0010] A wire feeding assembly, which is used to clamp a plurality of welding wires and feed the plurality of welding wires into a molten pool for stable melting, and which can realize multi-dimensional adjustment;

[0011] The laser head, the plurality of TIG welding guns and the wire feeding assembly are fixed together to keep the three moving synchronously.

[0012] Preferably, the laser head is an oscillating laser head, which is used to emit an oscillating laser heat source.

[0013] Preferably, by setting the swing parameters of the laser heat source and combining the parameter setting of the TIG arc, it is beneficial for the laser heat source to regularly induce the TIG arc, thereby achieving stable forming and precise control of large molten pool welds.

[0014] Preferably, the swing parameters include swing mode, laser power, swing frequency and swing amplitude.

[0015] Preferably, the swing mode includes circular swing, vertical swing, figure-8 swing or infinity swing.

[0016] Preferably, the swing width of the heat source can be achieved by adjusting the swing amplitude, and combined with the current pulse parameter setting of the TIG arc, the weld melting width can be controlled to obtain a large molten pool weld.

[0017] Preferably, the parameters of the TIG arc include tungsten pole spacing, arc phase, arc current and arc length;

[0018] The parameters of the TIG arc are set before welding according to the groove spacing or the additive weld size requirements. By setting the arc current at different positions, the effective superposition of energy between different arcs is controlled, and multiple arcs are used to melt the welding wire and spread the weld respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the wire feeding assembly comprises:

[0020] An annular slide rail, which is arranged on the support frame;

[0021] A wire feeding bracket body, one end of which is slidably connected to the annular slide rail, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to a wire feeding tube provided with the welding wire;

[0022] A three-dimensional adjustment module is arranged on the wire feeding support body and is used to achieve three-dimensional adjustment of the welding wire.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned multi-heat source composite and multi-wire synchronous feeding additive molding manufacturing device, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step 1), pre-treating the workpiece or substrate to be welded, obtaining the processing path of additive manufacturing, and setting the process parameters of additive manufacturing;

[0025] Step 2), according to the set process parameters, the heat source of the TIG arc and multiple welding wires are distributed around the laser heat source, and the laser head, TIG arc and wire feeding assembly are fixed;

[0026] Step 3), using laser coaxial induced TIG arc for additive manufacturing to complete the additive manufacturing of the target metal parts;

[0027] Step 4) After the additive manufacturing of the target metal structural part is completed, the substrate is separated from the target metal structural part by cold working means.

[0028] Preferably, in step 1), the process parameters include swing parameters of the laser heat source, parameters of the TIG arc and welding parameters.

[0029] The multi-heat source composite and multi-wire synchronous feeding additive manufacturing device provided by the present invention forms a symmetrical composite heat source through the heat source generated by the laser heat source and multiple TIG arcs, ensures the stability of multiple arcs and large molten pools, significantly improves deposition efficiency, and can realize mold-free, high-degree-of-freedom, customized forming of large and complex structural parts. Compared with the existing technology, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) High-quality welding under high deposition efficiency conditions: The present invention can achieve high-speed, high-efficiency, and stable welding under high current. Compared with the existing consumable arc heat source and composite heat source welding, the multi-heat source composite collaborative multi-wire forming manufacturing device can increase the wire feeding speed by at least 2 times.

[0031] (2) Precise control of weld size: By adjusting the swing parameters of the laser heat source and the pulse parameters and phase settings of n (n≥1) pulsed TIG arcs, combined with different heat source spacing and energy output, the laser heat source can induce the n TIG arcs to form a regular pattern in the center, achieving different coupling effects, and obtaining different heat source modes such as 1 large heat source coupling, n+1 multiple heat sources symmetrically combined, and n+1 multiple heat sources symmetrically compounded to form a large heat source. A method of combining the swinging laser heat source with the heat source eutectic pool of n TIG arcs is proposed. By adjusting the spacing of n tungsten electrodes and the swing amplitude of the laser heat source, the arc energy and laser energy can be adjusted to control the weld width; by adjusting the power and swing mode of the laser heat source, the energy acting on the depth direction of the molten pool can be adjusted to control the weld depth.

[0032] (3) Stable weld formation: The present invention can make the welding wire, laser heat source and TIG arc heat source act together on a molten pool in a manner of two welding wires in front, a swinging laser heat source in the middle, and n TIG arcs evenly distributed around the laser heat source. During the welding process, the laser heat source swings perpendicular to the weld direction. While the laser melts the welding wire and the base material, the addition of the laser swinging effect increases the spreadability of the molten pool metal; n TIG arcs act on the four sides of the laser beam. Since the energy density of the TIG arc is lower than that of the laser, the heat effect of the arc on the base material metal and the molten pool is acted on the molten pool by the n TIG arcs arranged in parallel, which greatly improves the spreadability of the molten pool metal and is conducive to achieving a good weld formation effect.

[0033] (4) Regulation of the multi-alloy system in the molten pool: By filling multiple welding wires during the welding process and adjusting the composition, wire feeding speed, and wire feeding position of the multiple welding wires, the microstructure and properties of the multi-alloy system in the molten pool can be regulated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is the principle diagram of the present invention;

[0036] In the figure, 1. auxiliary gas connector; 11. auxiliary nozzle; 2. support frame; 3. laser heat source; 4. TIG welding gun; 41. welding gun handle; 42. welding gun head; 43. heat source of TIG arc; 44. welding gun fixing frame; 5. wire feeding assembly; 51. annular slide rail; 52. wire feeding bracket body; 521. adjustment slider; 522. rotating head; 53. three-dimensional adjustment module; 531. two-dimensional left and right adjustment button; 532. two-dimensional height adjustment button; 54. wire feeding tube; 541. wire guide tube; 5411. wire guide nozzle; 542. wire feeding hose; 6. fixing device; 61. fixing height adjustment tube; 62. fixing clamp rod; 63. fixing plate; 64. clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "top / bottom" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "mounted / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides an additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed, comprising:

[0041] A laser head, which is used to emit a laser heat source 3, wherein the laser heat source 3 emitted by the laser head is preferably located at the center of the device. The laser head is preferably a swingable laser head, which is used to emit a swingable laser heat source 3. The swing parameters of the laser head may include a swing mode, a laser power, a swing frequency, and a swing amplitude. The swing mode preferably includes a circular swing, a vertical swing, an 8-shaped swing, or an infinity swing, and can even realize swings of vertical and horizontal tracks;

[0042] A plurality of TIG welding guns 4 are provided with tungsten electrodes therein and provide TIG arcs, which are located around the laser heat source 3 and act on both sides of the weld respectively, so as to form a symmetrical composite heat source with the laser heat source 3. Among them, the number n of TIG arcs generated by the TIG welding gun 4 is preferably 1≤n≤4, and the number, spacing and parameters of the TIG arcs can be independently adjusted according to the needs. In addition, n can be selected according to actual needs. When performing narrow gap welding, n can be selected as 1 or 2, thereby reducing the size of the end of the welding gun, thereby adapting to the narrow gap groove, and increasing the laser power at the same time, realizing thick-walled components with large thickness blunt edge bottom welding or medium and thick plates with single-sided welding and double-sided forming; when performing additive manufacturing of large-size components, n≥2 can be selected, and a suitable heat source spacing can be set to couple the laser and multiple TIG arcs into an integral large heat source, thereby increasing the total heat input without increasing the arc pressure, thereby improving the welding wire cladding efficiency;

[0043] A wire feeding assembly 5, which is used to clamp a plurality of welding wires and feed the plurality of welding wires into a molten pool for stable melting, and which can realize multi-dimensional adjustment;

[0044] The laser head, the plurality of TIG welding guns 4 and the wire feeding assembly 5 are fixed together to keep the three moving synchronously.

[0045] The above-mentioned multi-heat source composite and multi-wire synchronous feeding additive manufacturing device provided by the present invention makes the laser heat source 3 located at the center and the heat source generated by n TIG arcs evenly distributed around act together on a molten pool. The laser heat source 3 is in the center, which plays a role in stabilizing the arc and increasing the penetration depth. On the one hand, when the laser power is relatively low, the laser heat source 3 mainly plays a role in stabilizing and inducing the n TIG arcs, enhancing the stability of multiple arcs during welding; on the other hand, when the laser power is relatively high, the laser heat source 3 not only plays a role in stabilizing and inducing the arc, but also can significantly increase the penetration depth of the weld and achieve large penetration welding.

[0046] In the present invention, by setting the swing parameters of the laser heat source 3 and combining the parameter setting of the TIG arc, it is beneficial for the laser heat source 3 to regularly induce the TIG arc, thereby achieving stable forming and precise control of the large molten pool weld.

[0047] In the present invention, the swing width of the heat source can be achieved by adjusting the swing amplitude, and combined with the current pulse parameter setting of the TIG arc, the weld melting width can be controlled to obtain a large molten pool weld.

[0048] In the present invention, the parameters of the TIG arc include tungsten pole spacing, arc phase, arc current and arc length;

[0049] The parameters of the TIG arc are set before welding according to the groove spacing or the additive weld size requirements. The spacing between multiple arcs can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range. By setting the arc current at different positions, the effective superposition of energy between different arcs is controlled, and multiple arcs are used for melting the welding wire and spreading the weld respectively.

[0050] In the present invention, the wire feeding assembly 5 capable of realizing multi-dimensional direction adjustment is provided, and the wire feeding assembly 5 comprises:

[0051] An annular slide rail 51, which is arranged on the support frame 2;

[0052] A wire feeding bracket body 52, one end of which is slidably connected to the annular slide rail 51, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to a wire feeding tube 54 provided with the welding wire;

[0053] The three-dimensional adjustment module 53 is arranged on the wire feeding support body 52 and is used to adjust the welding wire in three dimensions.

[0054] The above-mentioned multi-heat source composite and multi-wire synchronous feeding additive molding manufacturing device provided by the present invention can be based on Figure 1-2 The device provided is implemented, and the device includes the following:

[0055] The auxiliary gas connector 1 is also used as a channel for the laser heat source 3, through which the laser beam generated by the laser head can pass (it can be a single laser beam or a double laser beam, which can be selected according to actual needs). The laser heat source 3 located at the center of the device is fixed on the support frame 2 and has an auxiliary nozzle 11. The distance between the laser heat source 3 and the molten pool can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the auxiliary nozzle 11 and the molten pool below.

[0056] The protective gas is introduced into the auxiliary gas joint 1 and sprayed out from the auxiliary nozzle 11 .

[0057] A plurality of TIG welding guns 4 are mounted on the support frame 2 via a welding gun fixing frame 44, and have a welding gun handle 41 and a welding gun head 42, wherein only a tungsten electrode is used to generate a TIG arc and then a heat source 43 of the TIG arc is generated, which is evenly distributed around the laser heat source 3 at equal intervals, and forms a symmetrical composite heat source with the laser heat source 3, and is regarded as a large integral heat source;

[0058] The wire feeding assembly 5 comprises an annular slide rail 51, a wire feeding support body 52 and a three-dimensional adjustment module 53, wherein the annular slide rail 51 is arranged around the support frame 2, and a groove is provided on the annular slide rail 51, and the wire feeding support body 52 slides on the groove by adjusting the slider 521, and the rotating head 522 at the lower end of the wire feeding support body 52 is rotatably connected with the wire feeding tube 54, so as to adjust the angle of the welding wire in the wire feeding tube 54. The wire feeding tube 54 comprises a wire guide tube 541 and a wire feeding hose 542 connected to one end of the wire guide tube 541, and a wire guide nozzle 5411 is arranged at the other end of the wire guide tube 541. The wire feeding support body 52 is provided with a two-dimensional left and right adjustment button 531 and a two-dimensional height adjustment button 532, which are used to realize the adjustment in three-dimensional direction.

[0059] The device may also include a fixing device 6, which includes a fixed height adjustment tube 61, a fixed clamping rod 62, a fixed plate 63 and a clamp 64, wherein the two ends of the fixed clamping rod 62 respectively clamp the auxiliary gas joint 1 and the fixed height adjustment tube 61, and the fixed plate 63 is clamped on the fixed height adjustment tube 61 by the clamp 64, and the height position of the fixed plate 63 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the clamp 64.

[0060] In summary, the additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires fed synchronously provided by the present invention, on the one hand, can realize high-speed melting of multiple welding wires under the interactive synergistic mode of multiple heat sources, increase the metal filling efficiency of the welding wires, realize high-speed deposition, and improve welding efficiency; on the second hand, the total heat input of multiple heat sources is increased, and multiple welding wires are melted synchronously, which increases the melting width of the welding wire metal to a certain extent, and under the action of laser oscillation, the molten welding wire is smoothly spread, ensuring the width and spreadability of a single weld; on the third hand, the composition of multiple welding wires can be selected according to usage requirements, so as to realize the regulation of the composition, organization, and performance of the molten pool multi-alloy system.

[0061] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned multi-heat source composite and multi-wire synchronous feeding additive molding manufacturing device, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step 1), pre-processing the workpiece or substrate to be welded, obtaining the processing path of additive manufacturing, and setting the process parameters of additive manufacturing, wherein the process parameters include the swing parameters of the laser heat source 3, the parameters of the TIG arc and the welding parameters;

[0063] Pre-treatment of workpieces or substrates to be welded:

[0064] Select a suitable substrate according to the size of the target metal structure (i.e. the metal structure to be formed), pre-treat the surface of the substrate required for additive manufacturing, remove surface oil stains, and dry it for use. Adjust and confirm the spatial position relationship between the laser spot, tungsten electrode spacing, and multiple welding wire feeding positions, measure the size of the pre-treated substrate, place it on the workbench, and clamp it with a fixture. Design the groove according to the size of the welding gun to ensure the accessibility of the welding gun in the depth direction.

[0065] Mechanically grinding (e.g., milling grinding, laser cleaning, and substrate preheating) or chemically cleaning the target metal structure (workpiece to be welded) or substrate, and assembling and positioning the workpiece to be welded or substrate after grinding or cleaning;

[0066] The target metal structural parts can be suitable for any of the metal materials such as steel, stainless steel, titanium alloy, high temperature alloy, etc. The welding wire used is selected according to the material of the workpiece to be welded.

[0067] The spatial position relationship between the laser heat source 3, n tungsten electrodes and multiple welding wires is that the laser spot is located at the geometric center of the n tungsten electrodes, the n tungsten electrodes are evenly distributed around the laser heat source 3, and multiple welding wires are surrounded by the multiple heat sources and can be fed into the molten pool in any direction, thereby realizing a light-wire-arc eutectic pool.

[0068] To obtain the processing path of additive manufacturing, a three-dimensional model of the metal structural part to be formed is established through three-dimensional modeling software such as CAD, UG, SolidWorks, 3dsmax or MAYA, and the three-dimensional model file is obtained. The three-dimensional model is sliced ​​and layered through path planning software such as Materialise magics, EasyPrint 3D or RepetierHost to obtain the processing path of additive manufacturing.

[0069] Setting of additive manufacturing process parameters: selecting welding wire according to the size and use requirements of the target metal structure, and setting additive manufacturing process parameters; additive manufacturing process parameters include: swing mode of the laser heat source 3, swing frequency, swing amplitude, laser power, defocus, distance between the laser heat source 3 and the tungsten electrode for providing TIG arc, angle between the laser heat source 3 and the tungsten electrode for providing TIG arc, distance between the tungsten electrode and welding wire, angle between the tungsten electrode and welding wire, welding current, wire feeding speed, additive speed, etc.;

[0070] The laser on the laser head can be a CO2 laser, a YAG solid laser, a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser; the laser output mode is a continuous laser or a pulsed laser;

[0071] The wire feeding speed is 1m / min~8m / min, the welding wire diameter is 0.8mm~2.4mm; the defocus amount is -20mm~20mm; the laser power is 500W~4000W.

[0072] The laser beam swing modes include circular trajectory, "∞"-shaped trajectory, vertical trajectory, parallel trajectory, etc. Each scanning path has two different beam movement directions: clockwise and counterclockwise; the laser beam swing amplitude is 0.5mm~15mm; the laser beam swing frequency is 20Hz~400Hz.

[0073] The welding current is 50A~400A, the welding voltage is 10V~30V, the tungsten electrode length is 10mm~50mm; the tungsten electrode spacing is 1mm-10mm.

[0074] Through the TIG welding arc voltage tracking function, the position height of the composite welding gun is adjusted in real time to ensure that the position of the composite welding gun is consistent with the workpiece. The welding parameters in step 3 are set for single-pass multi-layer welding, and finally thick plate narrow gap welding or additive manufacturing is achieved.

[0075] There is no specific order between the above steps, just need to complete the above work before step 2).

[0076] Step 2), according to the set process parameters, the heat source 43 of the TIG arc and the multiple welding wires are distributed around the laser heat source 3, and the laser head, TIG arc and wire feeding assembly 5 are fixed, specifically: the laser head used to emit the laser light source is perpendicular to the substrate, and then according to the set process parameters (the distance and angle between the laser heat source 3 and the tungsten electrode, and the distance and angle between the tungsten electrode and the welding wire), the multiple TIG arc heat sources and the multiple welding wires are distributed around the laser heat source 3, and the laser head and the multiple TIG arc coaxial welding torch and wire feeding mechanism are fixed;

[0077] Step 3) Use laser coaxial induced TIG arc for additive manufacturing to complete the additive manufacturing of the target metal parts, specifically: set the additive parameters according to the laser oscillation mode, laser oscillation frequency, laser oscillation amplitude, laser power, defocus amount, welding current, wire feeding speed and welding speed set above, perform arc starting and wire feeding through the welding machine controller, control the laser head to emit laser heat source 3 through the laser controller, and control the laser heat source 3 to swing according to the placement method set in the above steps, thereby performing additive manufacturing and completing the additive manufacturing of the target metal parts.

[0078] Step 4) After the additive manufacturing of the target metal structural part is completed, the substrate is separated from the target metal structural part by cold working means.

[0079] The above-mentioned additive manufacturing method provided by the present invention introduces a laser heat source 3 on the basis of the heat source 43 of the multi-TIG arc. The multi-TIG arc is used as the main heat source, and the low-power laser heat source 3 plays the role of inducing the multi-TIG arc in the center. Through the "light-wire-arc" coaxial spatial position design and multi-heat source energy matching, multiple welding wires are efficiently and accurately clad, the deposition rate of the welding wire is significantly improved, and the single-pass lifting amount is increased. The welding efficiency is equivalent to that of traditional consumable arc welding. Compared with traditional single-arc additive manufacturing, the laser heat source 3 has the function of compressing and guiding multiple dispersed TIG arcs, avoiding arc drift, arc force concentration, and uneven heat distribution in multiple dispersed TIG arcs, thereby causing irregular flow and uneven spreading of liquid metal, which ultimately leads to poor forming precision of single-layer wall, and cutting processing is required after multiple layers are accumulated, which makes it difficult to achieve automated production. In addition, the composite heat source mode of multiple TIG arc heat sources and laser heat source 3 is not only superior to single TIG arc welding in terms of better forming effect and high performance quality, but also by combining two multiple heat sources with completely different physical properties and energy transfer mechanisms, acting on the same molten pool at the same time, and utilizing the interaction of laser heat source 3 with the TIG arc, the advantages of TIG arc welding are enhanced to form a new and efficient heat source. The welding quality reaches the level of traditional argon arc welding, and the introduction of multiple welding wires greatly improves the welding efficiency while ensuring the welding quality.

[0080] In summary, the above-mentioned laser coaxial induced multi-TIG arc multi-wire forming manufacturing method combines the high quality and high efficiency of multi-heat source composite. On the one hand, it is reflected in the stable and uniform output of the symmetrical multi-heat source energy of the low-power laser coaxial induced multi-TIG arc, which ensures the quality and efficiency of multi-wire cladding and improves the single-pass material addition; on the other hand, it is reflected in the high-quality welding characteristics of the multi-heat source coupling of the low-power laser coaxial induced multi-TIG arc, and utilizes the stabilizing and compressing effect of the laser on n TIG arcs and the interaction between multiple heat sources to achieve defect-free, low-deformation, and high-quality forming of a single-pass weld, thereby improving the overall manufacturing level of the target component; further, an oscillating laser beam is used to achieve regular and uniform stirring of the molten pool in a fixed direction and amplitude, thereby avoiding the generation of welding defects, refining the grains, improving the organization and its uniformity, and ultimately improving the mechanical properties, thereby achieving efficient, fast, high-quality, high-precision, and low-cost manufacturing of large and complex components.

[0081] The technical solution of the present invention is clearly described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0082] Example 1

[0083] A dynamically adjustable multi-heat source composite collaborative multi-filament molding manufacturing method and device of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0084] The surface of the 40 mm thick stainless steel substrate required for additive manufacturing was mechanically polished to remove surface oil stains and dried for use. The pre-treated substrate was measured and placed on the workbench and clamped with a fixture.

[0085] The 3D modeling software is used to build a three-dimensional model of the metal parts to be processed, and the slicing process is performed through the 3D layered slicing software to perform full-plane contour path planning, thereby obtaining the additive manufacturing processing path.

[0086] According to the requirements of the metal parts to be processed, martensitic stainless steel welding wire is used, and the shielding gas is argon; the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the shielding gas is argon with a purity of 99.99%, and the flow rate of the shielding gas is 20L / min; the process parameters of additive manufacturing are set: the swing mode of the laser heat source 3 is circular swing, the swing frequency is 100Hz, and the laser swing amplitude is 2mm; the power of the laser heat source 3 is 1000W, the defocus amount is 5mm, the distance between the laser heat source 3 and the tungsten electrode is 2mm, the angle between the laser heat source 3 and the tungsten electrode is 10°, the welding current is 120A, the wire feeding speed is 4m / min, and the additive speed is 0.6m / min.

[0087] The laser head is fixed with the multi-TIG arc coaxial welding torch and the wire feeding mechanism; the arc is started and the wire is fed through the welding machine controller, and the laser head is controlled by the laser controller to emit a laser beam as a laser heat source 3 for additive manufacturing, thereby completing the additive manufacturing of the target metal part. Finally, the substrate is separated from the target metal part by wire cutting.

[0088] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires fed synchronously, characterized in that: include: A laser head, which is used to emit a laser heat source; A plurality of TIG welding guns, each having a tungsten electrode therein and providing a TIG arc, are located around the laser heat source and act on both sides of the weld respectively, so as to form a symmetrical composite heat source with the laser heat source; A wire feeding assembly, which is used to clamp a plurality of welding wires and feed the plurality of welding wires into a molten pool for stable melting, and which can realize multi-dimensional adjustment; The laser head, the plurality of TIG welding guns and the wire feeding assembly are fixed together to keep the three moving synchronously.

2. The additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser head is an oscillating laser head, which is used to emit an oscillating laser heat source.

3. The additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed according to claim 2, characterized in that: By setting the swing parameters of the laser heat source and combining the parameter setting of the TIG arc, it is beneficial for the laser heat source to regularly induce the TIG arc, thereby achieving stable forming and precise control of a large molten pool weld.

4. The additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The swing parameters include swing mode, laser power, swing frequency and swing amplitude.

5. The additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The swinging modes include circular swinging, vertical swinging, figure-8 swinging or infinity swinging.

6. The additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The swing width of the heat source can be adjusted by adjusting the swing amplitude, and combined with the current pulse parameter setting of the TIG arc, the weld melting width can be controlled to obtain a large molten pool weld.

7. The additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The parameters of the TIG arc include tungsten pole spacing, arc phase, arc current and arc length; The parameters of the TIG arc are set before welding according to the groove spacing or the additive weld size requirements. By setting the arc current at different positions, the effective superposition of energy between different arcs is controlled, and multiple arcs are used to melt the welding wire and spread the weld respectively.

8. An additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The wire feeding assembly comprises: An annular slide rail, which is arranged on the support frame; A wire feeding bracket body, one end of which is slidably connected to the annular slide rail, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to a wire feeding tube provided with the welding wire; A three-dimensional adjustment module is arranged on the wire feeding support body and is used to achieve three-dimensional adjustment of the welding wire.

9. A method for manufacturing a multi-heat source composite and multi-wire synchronously fed additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1), pre-treating the workpiece or substrate to be welded, obtaining the processing path of additive manufacturing, and setting the process parameters of additive manufacturing; Step 2), according to the set process parameters, the heat source of the TIG arc and multiple welding wires are distributed around the laser heat source, and the laser head, TIG arc and wire feeding assembly are fixed; Step 3), using laser coaxial induced TIG arc for additive manufacturing to complete the additive manufacturing of the target metal parts; Step 4) After the additive manufacturing of the target metal structural part is completed, the substrate is separated from the target metal structural part by cold working means.

10. The manufacturing method of the additive manufacturing device with multiple heat sources and multiple wires synchronously fed according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 1), the process parameters include the swing parameters of the laser heat source, the parameters of the TIG arc and the welding parameters.

Images