Piston type suction anchor and installation method and recovery method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a piston type suction anchor and an installation method and a recovery method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of suction anchors. The piston type suction anchor comprises an anchor barrel assembly and a piston assembly limiting flexible part, the anchor barrel assembly comprises a barrel skirt and a top cover, and the top cover is fixedly connected to the side wall of the barrel skirt through the edge of the top cover, so that a first containing space with an opening in the bottom is formed between the top cover and the barrel skirt; the piston assembly comprises a plate-shaped piece, and the plate-shaped piece is arranged in the barrel skirt in the radial direction, so that the first containing space is divided into a second containing space and a third containing space by the plate-shaped piece; a moving pair is formed between the plate-shaped piece and the inner wall of the barrel skirt; the pressure between the piston assembly and the barrel skirt can be adjusted; one end of the limiting flexible part is fixedly connected to the bottom face of the top cover, and the other end of the limiting flexible part is fixedly connected to the top face of the plate-shaped part. According to the mounting method of the piston type suction anchor and the recovery method of the piston type suction anchor, the suction anchor can be mounted and recovered. And the installation and recovery efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of suction anchors, in particular to a piston type suction anchor and an installation method and a recovery method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A suction anchor is a type of marine engineering equipment designed to create a stable anchoring point on the seabed or other surfaces. The geological conditions of the seabed have a significant impact on the deployment and recovery process of the suction anchor. Usually before installing a suction anchor, a detailed investigation of the geological conditions of the seabed is required to ensure the selection of a suitable anchoring scheme and equipment configuration to improve the success rate and safety of the operation. For seabeds with high permeability, some measures are often taken or the use of suction anchors in this area is avoided as much as possible. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a piston-type suction anchor and an installation method and a recovery method thereof, which can be more practical by achieving efficient installation and recovery of the suction anchor.

[0004] In order to achieve the above first purpose, the technical solution of the piston suction anchor provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The piston-type suction anchor provided by the present invention comprises an anchor barrel assembly (1), a piston assembly (2) and a position-limiting flexible member (12).

[0006] The anchor barrel assembly (1) comprises a barrel skirt (4) and a top cover (3).

[0007] The top cover (3) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the tube skirt (4) through its edge, so that a first accommodating space with a bottom opening is formed between the top cover (3) and the tube skirt (4);

[0008] The piston assembly (2) comprises a plate-shaped member (8),

[0009] The plate-like member (8) is radially arranged inside the tube skirt (4), so that the first accommodation space is divided into a second accommodation space (10) and a third accommodation space by the plate-like member (8), wherein the second accommodation space (10) is the accommodation space between the top cover (3), the tube skirt (4) and the plate-like member (8), and the third accommodation space is the accommodation space between the plate-like member (8), the tube skirt (4) and the bottom opening; a moving pair is formed between the plate-like member (8) and the inner wall of the tube skirt (4); wherein the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) can be adjusted;

[0010] One end of the position-limiting flexible member (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top cover (3), and the other end of the position-limiting flexible member (12) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the plate-shaped member (8).

[0011] The piston-type suction anchor provided by the present invention can also be further implemented by adopting the following technical measures.

[0012] Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor further comprises a flexible bag (9),

[0013] The flexible bag (9) is arranged between the plate-like member (8) and the tube skirt (4), so that the plate-like member (8) forms a moving pair through the flexible bag (9) and the inner wall of the tube skirt (4).

[0014] Preferably, the volume of the flexible bag (9) can be changed. By changing the mass of the content of the flexible bag (9), the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) can be changed, so that the friction between the piston assembly (2) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) can be adjusted.

[0015] Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor further comprises a water pump (13).

[0016] The water pump (13) is connected to the flexible bag (9), and water can be pumped into the flexible bag (9) or pumped out of the flexible bag (9) through the water pump (13).

[0017] When the mass of water in the flexible bag (9) increases, the pressure between the flexible bag (9) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) increases, so that the friction between the piston assembly (2) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) increases;

[0018] When the mass of water in the flexible bag (9) decreases, the pressure between the flexible bag (9) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) decreases, so that the friction between the piston assembly (2) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) decreases.

[0019] Preferably, the piston type suction anchor further comprises a first valve,

[0020] The first valve is used to control the opening and closing of the water pump (13), and / or the pumping direction, and / or the opening size.

[0021] Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor further comprises a pressure-resistant flexible cable (14) and a waterproof electrical connector (6).

[0022] The water pump (13) is fixedly mounted on the plate-shaped member (8), and the waterproof electrical connector (6) is fixedly mounted on the top cover (4).

[0023] One end of the pressure-resistant flexible cable (14) is electrically connected to the waterproof electrical connector (6), and the other end of the pressure-resistant flexible cable (14) is electrically connected to the first valve, so that the first valve can be remotely controlled.

[0024] Preferably, the piston type suction anchor further comprises a second valve (5),

[0025] The second valve (5) is arranged on the top cover (3); when the second valve (5) is in an open state, the second accommodating space (10) can be connected to the outside through the second valve (5).

[0026] Preferably, the second valve (5) comprises a plurality of second valves (5), and the plurality of second valves (5) are evenly arranged on the top cover (3).

[0027] Preferably, the piston type suction anchor further comprises a third valve (15),

[0028] The third valve (15) is arranged at the bottom of the plate-shaped member (8); when the third valve (15) is in an open state, the second accommodating space (10) is connected to the third accommodating space through the third valve (15).

[0029] Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor further comprises a remote-controlled unmanned submersible, and the remote-controlled unmanned submersible is used as a control terminal of the valve.

[0030] In order to achieve the above second purpose, the technical solution of the installation method of the piston suction anchor provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0031] The installation method of the piston suction anchor provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0032] Locating the position of the piston-type suction anchor in the seabed on the sea surface;

[0033] Using the piston-type suction anchor's own gravity, embed the piston-type suction anchor into the seabed;

[0034] Increasing the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) so ​​that the second accommodating space (10) is closed;

[0035] Carry out suction sinking.

[0036] The installation method of the piston-type suction anchor provided by the present invention can also be further implemented by adopting the following technical measures.

[0037] Preferably, during the suction penetration, if the penetration speed does not reach the expected speed, the installation method of the piston suction anchor further comprises the following steps:

[0038] The pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is reduced so that the friction between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is appropriately reduced, thereby increasing the penetration speed of the piston-type suction anchor.

[0039] In order to achieve the third purpose above, the technical solution of the recovery method of the piston suction anchor provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0040] The recovery method of the piston suction anchor provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0041] The pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is increased, and water is injected into the second accommodating space (10), so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the second accommodating space (10) increases. Under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and outside, the piston-type suction anchor is gradually pulled out to achieve the recovery of the piston-type suction anchor.

[0042] The recovery method of the piston-type suction anchor provided by the present invention can be further implemented by adopting the following technical measures.

[0043] Preferably, the recovery method of the piston-type suction anchor further comprises the following steps:

[0044] The pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is reduced, and the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is reduced, so that the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) are separated.

[0045] In the installation method of the piston-type suction anchor provided by the present invention, and the recovery method of the piston-type suction anchor provided by the present invention, the following technical measures can be further adopted to achieve the above.

[0046] Preferably, during the step of increasing the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) so ​​that the second accommodating space (10) is closed, the pressure between the flexible bag (9) and the tube skirt (4) is increased by increasing the volume of the flexible bag (9).

[0047] Preferably, the increasing of the volume of the flexible bag (9) is achieved by increasing the mass of the content of the flexible bag (9).

[0048] Preferably, increasing the mass of the content of the flexible bladder (9) is achieved by pumping water into the flexible bladder (9).

[0049] Preferably, during the step of reducing the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4), the pressure between the flexible bag (9) and the tube skirt (4) is reduced by reducing the volume of the flexible bag (9).

[0050] Preferably, the reducing the volume of the flexible bag (9) is achieved by reducing the mass of the content of the flexible bag (9).

[0051] Preferably, reducing the mass of the contents of the flexible bladder (9) is achieved by pumping water out of the flexible bladder (9).

[0052] In the piston-type suction anchor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 can be adjusted. According to f=μ·N (where f is friction, μ is sliding friction coefficient, and N is pressure), it can be known that when the pressure between the contact surfaces of the two objects increases, the sliding friction will also increase; when the pressure between the contact surfaces of the two objects decreases, the sliding friction will also decrease. On this basis, the piston-type suction anchor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is designed to be adjustable in size through the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4. By changing the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4, the friction between the moving pair formed between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 can be achieved, thereby achieving efficient installation and recovery under the conditions of the piston-type suction anchor provided by the embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0054] Attached Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a piston-type suction anchor provided in an embodiment of the present invention in a typical direction (wherein a portion of the tube skirt 4 is cut away);

[0055] Attached Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the piston suction anchor provided by an embodiment of the present invention in another typical direction (wherein a portion of the tube skirt 4 is cut away, and the cut away portion is larger than the attached Figure 1 section of the

[0056] Description of reference numerals:

[0057] 1-anchor cylinder assembly, 2-piston assembly, 3-top cover, 4-cylinder skirt, 5-second valve, 6-waterproof electrical connector, 7-top cover hanging ear, 8-plate-shaped member, 9-flexible bag, 10-second accommodating space, 11-plate-shaped member hanging ear, 12-limiting flexible member, 13-water pump, 14-pressure-resistant flexible cable, 15-third valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In view of this, the present invention provides a piston-type suction anchor and an installation method and a recovery method thereof, which can be more suitable for practical use by achieving efficient installation and recovery of the suction anchor.

[0059] After arduous efforts, the inventor discovered that:

[0060] The working principle of the piston suction anchor is to form a closed volume, which can produce relative movement with the seabed or other surfaces by adjusting the internal pressure. When the internal pressure is reduced to below the external water pressure of the surrounding environment, the suction anchor will be sucked into the seabed due to the pressure difference, thus achieving anchoring. Conversely, if the suction anchor needs to be recovered, it can be pushed out of the seabed by increasing its internal pressure to above the external water pressure. This design allows the suction anchor to be easily deployed and recovered when needed, and is suitable for a variety of marine engineering applications, including but not limited to offshore wind power generation, marine exploration and stabilization of subsea facilities.

[0061] The geological conditions of the seabed have a significant impact on the deployment and recovery process of the suction anchor. A hard or dense seabed, such as a consolidated clay layer or dense sand, can provide a high internal and external pressure difference, but it will also increase the resistance of the suction anchor during penetration or withdrawal; while a loose or low modulus seabed, such as loose sand or under-consolidated silty sediments, may cause the suction anchor to quickly balance the pressure difference during penetration and withdrawal due to the strong permeability of the seabed, and cannot overcome the resistance generated by the movement of the suction anchor, affecting the installation and recovery efficiency of the suction anchor. In addition, the unevenness of the seabed may also affect the penetration efficiency and anchoring force of the suction anchor. Therefore, before installing the suction anchor, it is usually necessary to conduct a detailed investigation of the geological conditions of the seabed to ensure the selection of appropriate anchoring schemes and equipment configurations, thereby improving the success rate and safety of the operation. For seabeds with strong permeability, some measures are often taken or the use of suction anchors in this area is avoided as much as possible.

[0062] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of a piston-type suction anchor and its installation method and recovery method proposed by the present invention, its specific implementation method, structure, features and effects, in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0063] The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B. Specifically, it is understood that: A and B may be included at the same time, A may exist alone, or B may exist alone, and any of the above three situations may be met.

[0064] Piston suction anchor

[0065] See attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The piston-type suction anchor provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes an anchor barrel assembly 1, a piston assembly 2 and a limiting flexible member 12. The anchor barrel assembly 1 includes a barrel skirt 4 and a top cover 3, and the top cover 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the barrel skirt 4 through its edge, so that a first accommodation space with a bottom opening is formed between the top cover 3 and the barrel skirt 4. The piston assembly 2 includes a plate-like member 8, and the plate-like member 8 is radially arranged inside the barrel skirt 4, so that the first accommodation space is divided into a second accommodation space 10 and a third accommodation space by the plate-like member 8, wherein the second accommodation space 10 is the accommodation space between the top cover 3, the barrel skirt 4 and the plate-like member 8, and the third accommodation space is the accommodation space between the plate-like member 8, the barrel skirt 4 and the bottom opening; a moving pair is formed between the plate-like member 8 and the inner wall of the barrel skirt 4; wherein the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the barrel skirt 4 can be adjusted. One end of the limiting flexible member 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top cover 3, and the other end of the limiting flexible member 12 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the plate-like member 8. In this embodiment, one end of the limiting flexible member 12 is fixedly connected to the top cover 3 through the top cover hanging ear 7, and the other end of the limiting flexible member 12 is fixedly connected to the plate-like member 8 through the plate-like member hanging ear 11. When the plate-like member 8 moves upward along the inner wall of the tube skirt 4, so that the distance between the top cover 4 and the plate-like member 8 is shortened, the limiting flexible member 12 can be in a relatively relaxed state, so as not to hinder the plate-like member 8 from moving along the tube skirt toward the top cover 4; when the plate-like member moves downward along the inner wall of the tube skirt 4, so that the distance between the top cover 4 and the plate-like member 8 is increased, the limiting flexible member 12 can be gradually straightened until a pulling force is applied to the plate-like member 8, so as to avoid the plate-like member 8 from falling off the tube skirt 4 after moving downward along the tube skirt 4 to the bottom opening of the anchor tube assembly 1, resulting in the consequence that it cannot be recovered. The limiting flexible member 12 may be a steel chain.

[0066] In the piston-type suction anchor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 can be adjusted. According to f=μ·N (where f is friction, μ is sliding friction coefficient, and N is pressure), it can be known that when the pressure between the contact surfaces of the two objects increases, the sliding friction will also increase; when the pressure between the contact surfaces of the two objects decreases, the sliding friction will also decrease. On this basis, the piston-type suction anchor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is designed to be adjustable in size through the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4. By changing the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4, the friction between the moving pair formed between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 can be achieved, thereby achieving efficient installation and recovery under the conditions of the piston-type suction anchor provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Among them, the piston-type suction anchor also includes a flexible bag 9. The flexible bag 9 is arranged between the plate-like member 8 and the tube skirt 4, so that the plate-like member 8 forms a moving pair through the flexible bag 9 and the inner wall of the tube skirt 4. In this case, by adjusting the volume of the flexible bag 9, the contact environment between the edge of the plate-like member 8 and the tube skirt 4 can be changed. When the volume of the flexible bag 9 increases, the gap between the plate-like member 8 and the tube skirt 4 is filled more fully by the flexible bag 9, and the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the tube skirt 4 increases, thereby increasing the friction between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4, and reducing the ability of the piston assembly 2 to move axially along the tube skirt 4; when the volume of the flexible bag 9 decreases, the gap between the plate-like member 8 and the tube skirt 4 is filled with the flexible bag 9 with a reduced density, and the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the tube skirt 4 is reduced, thereby reducing the friction between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4, and enhancing the ability of the piston assembly 2 to move axially along the tube skirt 4.

[0068] The volume of the flexible bag 9 can be changed. By changing the mass of the contents of the flexible bag 9, the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the anchor barrel assembly 1 can be changed, so that the friction between the piston assembly 2 and the anchor barrel assembly 1 can be adjusted. In this case, when it is necessary to increase the friction between the piston assembly 2 and the anchor barrel assembly 1, the mass of the contents is added to the flexible bag 9, so that the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the barrel skirt 4 can be increased, thereby increasing the friction between the flexible bag 9 and the barrel skirt 4; when it is necessary to reduce the friction between the piston assembly 2 and the anchor barrel assembly 1, the mass of the contents is removed from the flexible bag 9, so that the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the barrel skirt 4 can be reduced, thereby reducing the friction between the flexible bag 9 and the barrel skirt 4.

[0069] Among them, the piston-type suction anchor also includes a water pump 13. The water pump 13 is connected to the flexible bag 9, and water can be pumped into the flexible bag 9 or pumped out from the flexible bag 9 through the water pump 13: when the mass of water in the flexible bag 9 increases, the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the anchor barrel assembly 1 increases, so that the friction between the piston assembly 2 and the anchor barrel assembly 1 increases; when the mass of water in the flexible bag 9 decreases, the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the anchor barrel assembly 1 decreases, so that the friction between the piston assembly 2 and the anchor barrel assembly 1 decreases. In this case, by using the water pump 13 to pump water into the flexible bag 9, the mass of the contents in the flexible bag 9 can be increased, thereby increasing the friction between the flexible bag 9 and the tube skirt 4; by using the water pump 13 to pump water out of the flexible bag 9, the mass of the contents in the flexible bag 9 can be reduced, thereby reducing the friction between the flexible bag 9 and the tube skirt 4. It can achieve local materials, not only saving costs, but also improving utilization efficiency.

[0070] Among them, the piston-type suction anchor also includes a first valve. The first valve is used to control the opening and closing of the water pump 13, and / or the direction of water pumping, and / or the size of the opening. In this case, the first valve can be a normally closed solenoid valve, which can realize the opening of the valve when a high level is input; because in the embodiment of the present invention, the water pump 13 pumps water into the flexible bag 9, and pumps water out of the flexible bag 9 in a two-way action mode, therefore, the normally closed solenoid valve should also have the function of converting the working direction of the water pump 13; in addition, in order to adjust the flow rate of pumping water into the flexible bag 9 and pumping water out of the flexible bag 9, the normally closed solenoid valve should also have the function of adjusting the size of the opening.

[0071] The piston-type suction anchor further includes a pressure-resistant flexible cable 14 and a waterproof electrical connector 6. The water pump 13 is fixedly arranged on the plate-shaped member 8, and the waterproof electrical connector 6 is fixedly arranged on the top cover 4. One end of the pressure-resistant flexible cable 14 is electrically connected to the waterproof electrical connector 6, and the other end of the pressure-resistant flexible cable 14 is electrically connected to the first valve, so that the first valve can be remotely controlled. One end of the pressure-resistant flexible cable 14 is electrically connected to the waterproof electrical connector 6, and the other end of the pressure-resistant flexible cable 14 is electrically connected to the first valve, which is the valve of the water pump 13, and the water pump 13 is fixedly connected to the plate-like member 8. When the plate-like member 8 moves upward along the inner wall of the tube skirt 4, so that the distance between the top cover 4 and the plate-like member 8 is shortened, the pressure-resistant flexible cable 14 can be in a relatively relaxed state, so as not to hinder the plate-like member 8 from moving along the tube skirt toward the top cover 4; when the plate-like member moves downward along the inner wall of the tube skirt 4, so that the distance between the top cover 4 and the plate-like member 8 increases, the pressure-resistant flexible cable 14 can be gradually straightened until a pulling force is applied to the plate-like member 8, and together with the limiting flexible member 12, it can prevent the plate-like member 8 from falling off the tube skirt 4 after moving downward along the tube skirt 4 to the bottom opening of the anchor tube assembly 1, resulting in the consequence that it cannot be recovered. In addition, since there is an electrical connection between the high-voltage flexible cable 14 and the first valve, the electrical connection itself is subject to relatively small tension. The safest way is to ensure that the high-voltage flexible cable is never in a tensioned state to prevent the electrical connection from failing. In this embodiment, when the limiting flexible component 12 is in a stretched and tensioned state, the high-voltage flexible cable 14 is still in a relaxed state.

[0072] The piston type suction anchor further includes a second valve 5. The second valve 5 is disposed on the top cover 3. When the second valve 5 is in an open state, the second accommodation space 10 can be connected to the outside through the second valve 5. In this case, the second accommodation space 10 can complete the pressure relief of the second accommodation space 10 when the second valve 5 is in an open state.

[0073] The second valve 5 includes a plurality of second valves 5, which are evenly arranged on the top cover 3. In this case, the pressure relief efficiency of the second accommodating space 10 can be improved, and the stability and safety of the second accommodating space 10 during the pressure relief process can be ensured.

[0074] The piston-type suction anchor further includes a third valve 15. The third valve 15 is disposed at the bottom of the plate-like member 8. When the third valve 15 is in an open state, the second accommodation space 10 is connected to the third accommodation space through the third valve 15. In this case, the pressure relief of the second accommodation space 10 can also be achieved by opening the third valve 15. Since the third valve 10 is disposed at the bottom of the plate-like member 8, the deadweight of the water in the second accommodation space 10 can be used to achieve pressure relief, and the pressure relief efficiency is higher.

[0075] The piston suction anchor also includes a remote operated vehicle (ROV), which is used as a control terminal of the valve. The piston suction anchor provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to underwater operations, and can realize unmanned operation by remotely controlling the unmanned vehicle, making the operation safer and more reliable.

[0076] Installation method of piston suction anchor

[0077] The installation method of the piston suction anchor provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0078] Step S1: locating the position of the piston suction anchor on the seabed on the sea surface;

[0079] Step S2: using the piston-type suction anchor's own gravity to embed the piston-type suction anchor into the seabed;

[0080] Step S3: increasing the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 so that the second accommodating space 10 is closed;

[0081] Step S4: Perform suction sinking.

[0082] The installation method of the piston-type suction anchor provided in the embodiment of the present invention realizes installation in a high-permeability seabed. Compared with the traditional suction anchor, the suction anchor takes into account that the difference between the pressure inside the anchor and the pressure outside the anchor is small due to the excessively high permeability of the seabed during installation, and cannot overcome the friction resistance and end resistance between the anchor skirt and the soil during installation and recovery. Due to the obstruction of the piston assembly 2, the water in the seabed cannot quickly enter the second accommodating space 10, and a sufficiently large pressure difference can be generated between the inside and outside of the piston-type suction anchor provided in the embodiment of the present invention to overcome the friction resistance between the tube skirt 4 and the soil. The piston-type suction anchor provided in the embodiment of the present invention enhances the functionality and applicability of the suction anchor structure in marine engineering, and meets the current needs of installation, construction and development of offshore wind farms, offshore platforms and suction embedded plate anchors (Suction Embedded Plate Anchor, SEPLA).

[0083] Wherein, when performing suction penetration, if the penetration speed does not reach the expected speed, the installation method of the piston suction anchor further includes the following steps:

[0084] Step S5: reduce the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 so that the friction between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 can be appropriately reduced, thereby increasing the penetration speed of the piston suction anchor.

[0085] In the step of increasing the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 so that the second accommodating space 10 is closed, the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the tube skirt 4 is increased by increasing the volume of the flexible bag 9.

[0086] The volume of the flexible bag 9 is increased by increasing the mass of the content of the flexible bag 9 .

[0087] The mass of the content of the flexible bag 9 is increased by pumping water into the flexible bag 9 .

[0088] In the step of reducing the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4, the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the tube skirt 4 is reduced by reducing the volume of the flexible bag 9.

[0089] The reduction of the volume of the flexible bag 9 is achieved by reducing the mass of the content of the flexible bag 9 .

[0090] The mass of the content of the flexible bag 9 is reduced by pumping water out of the flexible bag 9 .

[0091] Retrieval method of piston suction anchor

[0092] The recovery method of the piston suction anchor provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0093] Step S1: Increase the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4, and inject water into the second accommodating space 10, so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the second accommodating space 10 increases. Under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and outside, the piston suction anchor is gradually pulled out to achieve the recovery of the piston suction anchor.

[0094] The recovery method of the piston-type suction anchor provided in the embodiment of the present invention realizes installation in a high-permeability seabed. Compared with the traditional suction anchor, it is considered that the difference between the pressure inside the anchor and the pressure outside the anchor is small due to the excessively high permeability of the seabed during the recovery process of the suction anchor, and the friction resistance and end resistance between the anchor skirt and the soil during the installation and recovery process cannot be overcome. Due to the obstruction of the piston assembly 2, the water in the seabed cannot quickly enter the second accommodating space 10, and a sufficiently large pressure difference can be generated between the inside and the outside of the piston-type suction anchor provided in the embodiment of the present invention to overcome the friction resistance between the tube skirt 4 and the soil. The piston-type suction anchor provided in the embodiment of the present invention enhances the functionality and applicability of the suction anchor structure in marine engineering, and meets the current needs of the installation, construction and development of offshore wind farms, offshore platforms and suction embedded plate anchors (Suction Embedded Plate Anchor, SEPLA).

[0095] The recovery method of the piston suction anchor further comprises the following steps:

[0096] Step S2: Reduce the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4. The pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 is reduced, so that the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 are separated.

[0097] In the step of increasing the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4 so that the second accommodating space 10 is closed, the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the tube skirt 4 is increased by increasing the volume of the flexible bag 9.

[0098] The volume of the flexible bag 9 is increased by increasing the mass of the content of the flexible bag 9 .

[0099] The mass of the content of the flexible bag 9 is increased by pumping water into the flexible bag 9 .

[0100] In the step of reducing the pressure between the piston assembly 2 and the tube skirt 4, the pressure between the flexible bag 9 and the tube skirt 4 is reduced by reducing the volume of the flexible bag 9.

[0101] The reduction of the volume of the flexible bag 9 is achieved by reducing the mass of the content of the flexible bag 9 .

[0102] The mass of the content of the flexible bag 9 is reduced by pumping water out of the flexible bag 9 .

[0103] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0104] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A piston suction anchor, characterized in that: It comprises an anchor cylinder assembly (1), a piston assembly (2) and a position-limiting flexible member (12). The anchor barrel assembly (1) comprises a barrel skirt (4) and a top cover (3). The top cover (3) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the tube skirt (4) through its edge, so that a first accommodating space with a bottom opening is formed between the top cover (3) and the tube skirt (4); The piston assembly (2) comprises a plate-shaped member (8), The plate-like member (8) is radially arranged inside the tube skirt (4), so that the first accommodating space is divided into a second accommodating space (10) and a third accommodating space by the plate-like member (8), wherein the second accommodating space is the accommodating space between the top cover (3), the tube skirt (4) and the plate-like member (8), and the third accommodating space is the accommodating space between the plate-like member (8), the tube skirt (4) and the bottom opening; a moving pair is formed between the plate-like member (8) and the inner wall of the tube skirt (4); wherein the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) can be adjusted; One end of the position-limiting flexible member (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top cover (3), and the other end of the position-limiting flexible member (12) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the plate-shaped member (8).

2. The piston type suction anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a flexible bladder (9), The flexible bag (9) is arranged between the plate-like member (8) and the tube skirt (4), so that the plate-like member (8) forms a moving pair through the flexible bag (9) and the inner wall of the tube skirt (4).

3. The piston type suction anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the flexible bag (9) can be changed. By changing the mass of the content of the flexible bag (9), the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) can be changed, so that the friction between the piston assembly (2) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) can be adjusted.

4. The piston type suction anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a water pump (13), The water pump (13) is connected to the flexible bag (9), and water can be pumped into the flexible bag (9) or pumped out of the flexible bag (9) through the water pump (13). When the mass of water in the flexible bag (9) increases, the pressure between the flexible bag (9) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) increases, so that the friction between the piston assembly (2) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) increases; When the mass of water in the flexible bag (9) decreases, the pressure between the flexible bag (9) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) decreases, so that the friction between the piston assembly (2) and the anchor barrel assembly (1) decreases; Preferably, the piston type suction anchor further comprises a first valve, The first valve is used to control the opening and closing of the water pump (13), and / or the pumping direction, and / or the opening size; Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor further comprises a pressure-resistant flexible cable (14) and a waterproof electrical connector (6). The water pump (13) is fixedly mounted on the plate-shaped member (8), and the waterproof electrical connector (6) is fixedly mounted on the top cover (4). One end of the pressure-resistant flexible cable (14) is electrically connected to the waterproof electrical connector (6), and the other end of the pressure-resistant flexible cable (14) is electrically connected to the first valve, so that the first valve can be remotely controlled; Preferably, the piston type suction anchor further comprises a second valve (5), The second valve (5) is arranged on the top cover (3); when the second valve (5) is in an open state, the second accommodating space (10) can be connected to the outside through the second valve (5); Preferably, the second valve (5) comprises a plurality of second valves (5), and the plurality of second valves (5) are evenly arranged on the top cover (3); Preferably, the piston type suction anchor further comprises a third valve (15), The third valve (15) is arranged at the bottom of the plate-shaped member (8); when the third valve (15) is in an open state, the second accommodating space (10) is connected to the third accommodating space through the third valve (15); Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor further comprises a remote-controlled unmanned submersible, and the remote-controlled unmanned submersible is used as a control terminal of the valve.

5. The method for installing a piston-type suction anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Locating the position of the piston-type suction anchor in the seabed on the sea surface; Using the piston-type suction anchor's own gravity, embed the piston-type suction anchor into the seabed; Increasing the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) so ​​that the second accommodating space (10) is closed; Carry out suction sinking.

6. The installation method of the piston type suction anchor according to claim 5, characterized in that: During suction penetration, if the penetration speed does not reach the expected speed, the installation method of the piston suction anchor further comprises the following steps: The pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is reduced so that the friction between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is appropriately reduced, thereby increasing the penetration speed of the piston-type suction anchor.

7. The method for recovering a piston-type suction anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is increased, and water is injected into the second accommodating space (10), so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the second accommodating space (10) increases. Under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and outside, the piston-type suction anchor is gradually pulled out to achieve the recovery of the piston-type suction anchor.

8. The method for recovering a piston-type suction anchor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is reduced, and the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) is reduced, so that the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) are separated.

9. The method according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: The piston-type suction anchor is the piston-type suction anchor as claimed in claim 2, and during the step of increasing the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4) so ​​that the second accommodating space (10) is closed, the pressure between the flexible bag (9) and the tube skirt (4) is increased by increasing the volume of the flexible bag (9); Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor is the piston-type suction anchor according to claim 3, and the increasing of the volume of the flexible bag (9) is achieved by increasing the mass of the content of the flexible bag (9); Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor is the piston-type suction anchor according to claim 4, and the mass of the content of the flexible bag (9) is increased by pumping water into the flexible bag (9).

10. The method according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that: The piston-type suction anchor is the piston-type suction anchor as claimed in claim 2, and in the step of reducing the pressure between the piston assembly (2) and the tube skirt (4), the pressure between the flexible bag (9) and the tube skirt (4) is reduced by reducing the volume of the flexible bag (9); Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor is the piston-type suction anchor according to claim 3, and the reduction of the volume of the flexible bag (9) is achieved by reducing the mass of the content of the flexible bag (9); Preferably, the piston-type suction anchor is the piston-type suction anchor according to claim 4, and the mass of the content of the flexible bag (9) is reduced by pumping water out of the flexible bag (9).

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